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Thank you, The Cold War, for covering Indonesia's history. Although a little warning, you guys will find many uncertain things regarding G30S or the 30th of September 1965 movement. It is still a sensitive topic to this very day and therefore the investigation for it's clarity is commonly unsuccesful. Though it is a good reminder that Indonesia sinned to it's people (we're trying not to do that again) and it also explains the start of Suharto's oppresive military regime that lasted 32 years. By the way, most of Indonesians were celebrating when he announced that his time in office was over, which kinda said a lot about the guy and his administrations
Some times I do think the US Monroe doctrine applies to SE Asia like the Philippines. If it doesn't suit their taste they will find a way to get rid of the leader.
Strongly recommend Vincent Bevin's book "The Jakarta Method" for anyone who wants to read about the CIA's much more successful and much more deadly second coup, and how it became the proving ground for CIA backed right wing coups all around the world
Honestly though, I am wondering if our post-election fraud allegations both in 2014 and 2019 against Joko Widodo also has became the template for "election results denial" tactics happened in the USA last year and currently in Brazil.
As someone who grew up there, I’m still amazed how much history and literacy around the region’s period during those tumultuous Cold War proxy conflict era is becoming more internationally known since the last 5-10 years I still remember the days back when I had to smuggle in pirated copy of Joshua Oppenheimer’s documentaries back in high school because the government was pressuring hard for youtube to block it in the country for alleged falsehood. Which they did for several years
As an Indonesian, this video has been very interesting and educational to me. We rarely ever learn of Syarifudin Prawiranegara apart from his short lived term as Prime Minister of Indonesia, one of the few people who have held the title since the formation of the United States of Indonesia.
Ironically in the end, PERMESTA idea of Indonesia decentralization win. Today Indonesia is pretty much what PERMESTA wants (well, except their idea of seperate military command) A strong regional authority with a reasonable central government role in regional affair. Tbh lots of Indonesian actually see PERMESTA rebellions in kind of positive light.
And even more ironic is most PRRI figures become part of New Order government too because they were anti-communist. One scion of the rebels still survived Prabowo Subianto.
True because the permersta said it them self unlike other rebellion they along with the prri don't want to seperate from indonesia like regional rebellion in aceh, papua and maluku also they don't want to take over the seat of power to change the national ideology of pancasila like what di/tii and pki wanted.
Is also makes Indonesian with Ethic Minangkabau feel unsecure using Minangnese name at that time cuz people will think they are the rebels. That's why so many Minangnese who born after PRRI Permesta not using Minangnese name including my family
Quick input for this great video. Letter 'J' in past Indonesia was read "Y" except for "dj" was read "J". So "Sjafruddin" is read "Syafruddin" and "Djuanda Kartawidjaja" is read "Juanda Kartawijaya". Hope this help for your future video about past Indonesia.
the Indonesian air force pilot who shot down Allen Pope was Ignatius Dewanto using P-51 Mustang. Ign.Dewanto's grandson is actually a pilot in Garuda Indonesia
Don't be mistaken, their actions are not without the permission of central government. Everything that CIA was doing was to solidify the US government's foothold during the cold war. So what they did was ultimately for the sake of US winning the cold war.
The CIA is only an agent of the elites, they work for the interests of the elites, if the American government wants to disband these agents can still operate in and be based in other countries, Even John F Kenedy could not hinder the interests of the elite, because of that he was killed
This is an aspect of Indonesian history I was not really aware of. Having resided in Indonesia from the end of the Suharto era, Indonesia has done really welll in creating a well integrated, democratic society which has dramatically raised living standards for its people.
@@icbm5389 If you say that Indonesia is a servant to the US, you are probably heavily biased against the US or the current Indonesian regime. Anyone, even those with the slightest knowledge of Indonesian politics, would know that we're overall quite neutral and are fairly close to all superpowers, if we exclude the trigger-happy maniac up north.
@@frs9113 bro we are never invade timor if there is no order from US and aussie. we even not get spotlight about massacre g30spki just like UAE and saudi did to yemen right know
You realize and appreciate this better if you have lived abroad for years. I left for the USA in 2009 and returned in 2018, and I was really impressed at how Indonesia has developed in 9 years. I keep telling people here that I prefer to live in Indonesia rather than in the US.
Some indonesian historian find it difflicult to talk about this topic freely because its probably has a connection with today politic. Im really like when people outside indonesia talk about this topic because its hard to see whats really happened when people scared to analyze what happened. Who want to taste some meatballs?
The CIA ‘owned’ airline based in Taiwan, CAT, was still operating commercial flights in the 60s around Asia, but gradually phased down and the routes taken over by China Airlines of Taiwan.
As a Minahasa/Manadonese and a proud Indonesian, we would like to call the PRRI/Permesta movement not as the Rebel, but as a revolutionary act and correctional necessity to the central government at that time. Java is grown too powerful and modern, while at the same time other islands (who supplies most of their natural resources to the government) isn't receive the same development and often feel neglected. PRRI/Permesta needs to be distinguished from other rebellious movements such as DI/TII, RMS, and GAM which want to separate themselves from the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and change the ideology. PRRI/Permesta remains within the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, its flag is red and white, and its ideology is Pancasila. PERMESTA's motives is never meant to detach oneself from Indonesia. On the contrary, they want Indonesia to become a sovereign country and experience development evenly in all regions, not only in the capital or the island of Java. To this day, PERMESTA veterans are still considered heroes in most part of Eastern Indonesia, especially Sulawesi. On state days or special events, they wear yellow beret hats as a sign that they are the people who embody the creation of regional autonomy in Indonesia today. Without PERMESTA; there would be no regional autonomy, communist influence would be more and more rampant, guided democracy a la Sukarno would be stronger, and Indonesia's outermost regions would only be dredged up. The higher death toll on the permesta side illustrates that the people and military personnel who defected were moved by their hearts to sacrifice themselves for the rights and regional autonomy at that time without fear of defeat. That is the reason why A.H Nasution gave PERMESTA full amnesty; they did not want to change Pancasila or separate from Indonesia, and the military at that time realized that Permesta was also against the existence of the PKI, which at that time was a rival for the nationalists and the military. -- But the past is the past, we learn and we march forward. Long live Indonesia!
While Indonesia was recovering from colonisation & nation building, the US had two attempts to subvert national sovereignty resulting in 500k to 1 million Indonesian deaths & a 33 year military dictatorship. The methods devised by the CIA were then used in any number of countries resulting in the US becoming an international pariah state. Iraq’s & Afghans can attest to this in 21 century when communism is not an issue.
@Demopublic Ball Australia one of the 5 eyes and the other turn a blind eye. Indonesia was given permission to carry out. Same thing with Dutch intervention. How many died using excuse of communism
@Demopublic Ball mhmmm the one incident that aussie's government instigated (that separation movement) & then proceed to suck those oil dry huh? Yeah, sure. U guys are such an angel🙄 Heard from some source that timorese want to go back to being indo's region, with all the exploitation they got from bigger countries. Pffft Sucks to be them lmao P.s: having oil is good & all, but if u cant or dont have the resource to protect it then it just give bigger country more reason to exploit u
1:51 Indonesia after independence 6:00 Relationship between Java & other islands 8:04 Attempts of autonomy 11:43 International relations 14:45 *PRRI vs Central Government* 19:45 Aftermath
It's very amazing that The Cold War channel managed to summarize the entire scenario perfectly albeit a bit different from Indonesian education textbook, perhaps propaganda and agenda-setting . But regardless, I'm amazed at how much research you put into this one. Kudos from your fan at Indonesia.
@@rickyp6815 Definitely school textbooks. They have clear agenda to make you patriotic. This is also very obvious because history teachers here doesn't teach you to have critical thinking, they want you to memorize whatever narratives or dates of certain events within the textbook. Truth is, there's a whole lot of Indonesia's history that the government doesn't want their younglings to know because those are the dark pages of our country. For example, i learned about Tan Malaka, relations between PKI and Sukarno, Sukarno's stance on G30SPKI, war crimes in East Timor & Aceh, etc later on when i already graduated from school. If they really want to teach real history they should've include this but they don't and probably never will.
Thank you for covering my country's history. The coverage of PRRI Permesta rebellion in Indonesian school books was really lacking. The PRRI Permesta rebellion was mentioned among other rebellion in early decades of Indonesian independence and that's it. You would find probably half a page worth of text talking about it. They didn't tell us about the involvement of CIA, or the national and international political context. Keep up the good work!
If I not forgotten (Broken english, sorry) Dutch in Indonesia after KMB, The new government gave two option Dutch have to choose, be Indonesian as citizen or leave Indonesia. Most Dutch choose later (due persecution or economic means) maybe the Iowa man were one of many who leaves Indonesia Not so fun fact The Dutch made a song 'lief Indie' and 'Varewell mein droomeland' which said how they LOVED Indonesia as it is but have to leave due to many circumstances
@@pashairsyad6977 I recorded the speech on VHS, and it was about 30 years ago, when he gave the speech. He was in the shipping industry, and tried to find a place on either the east coast or west coast. The US allowed him to settle in the Midwest instead.
@@pashairsyad6977 He didn’t stay and it was almost 30 years ago. I’m not even sure he’s still alive, or if I even have the video cassette. But, I think this is the event he was talking about.
The so called ‘democratic’ fascist regime under soeharto. Secret police everywhere, you can literally disappear when you oppose the regime. Just like in Nazi Germany eh?
Another well-researched video. The rice sale you were referring to was actually partially fulfilled by the Philippines, waaaaay back when the Philippines was not too deep in the clutches of greedy landowners who now choke our markets with artificial shortages. Also, I hope you do a video as to why armed rebel movements in the Philippines did not flourish as much as those in other Southeast Asian countries did.
I think the answer to why armed rebel movements didn't flourish in the Philippines was because the population was overwelmingly conservative while the minority rebels tended to be far left and antithetical to their traditional way of life.
George Mc. Turnan Kahin and His Wife, Audrey Kahin did a great job on their book, "Subversion as Foreign Policy - The Secret Eisenhower and Dulles Debacle in Indonesia". PRRI-Permesta was originally not a separatist movement, but take a sudden turn to became a rebellion. The turn was reluctantly accepted by most of PRRI's Civilian Leaders like Sjafruddin. The Councils originally wanted more autonomy for the provinces and installments of Dwi-Tunggal (Soekarno and Hatta) as the country's leader. Hatta originally have some sympathy for the councils, and agreed to return to the Goverment on the premises that he become the Prime Minister, not Vice President. But, as the Councils didn't do anything much during a conference with Jakarta, Hatta was dissapointed. So, the notion turns and the rebellion begins. The rebel almost have total air superiority and one step away from bombing Jakarta, as the US was planning to give them B29 bombers. With the rapid development in Sumatera, the plan was curtailed. The rebellion weaken the anti-communist faction in the army, as Nasution and the rebel Commanders is anti-communist.
8:36 I'm Indonesian ethic Minangkabau My grandmothers house was bombed by Indonesian airforce during the suppression of the PRRI Permesta. Many people scared when the plane pass-through over their heads during that time including my Uncles
@@roderick2105 In my opinion is not an Annexation is more like liberation because West Papua were also Dutch colony and according to the Den Haag conference Indonesia will inherited all former territory of the Dutch East Indies and West Papua was part of The Dutch East Indies
@@ansosboy8687 even so, Papua is not culturally close to java and in no way have relation with what happened in central Indonesia. Indonesia just claim papua as theirs because it just so happened that Dutch controlled it. The claim itself is pretty unjustified. And considering how Java treated Papua, even today, i can see why Papua doesn't see Jakarta in good faith. I mean, i didn't support Papua independence as they didn't shows the ability to self govern without breaking into several small states, but at the same time i also understand their point of view
@@evankurniawan1311 first you have an Indonesian name, so i'm going to assume that you are Indonesian. You do know that the Indonesian national motto is translated to "Unity in Diversity", Papua doesn't need to be culturally close to Java to be considered Indonesian. Many regions in Indonesia doesn't share much cultural similarity with Java or with each other, a Balinese doesn't have much cultural similarity with Acehnese nor do Acehnese have much similarity with Javanese, but they are all still Indonesian. The diversity of Indonesian culture is something Indonesia took a very great pride in, they (including Papua) all are part of the Indonesian culture. It is our duty as an Indonesian to maintain our unity in spite of cultural, religious, ethnic, and linguistic differences, not many country can survive being both extremely diverse and unified at the same time, even now many foreigners still theorize that "the collapse of Indonesia is inevitable" because they can't comprehend that despite our country's diversity we are still unified as one nation. While Papua has certainly been underdeveloped for the past decades, this can be attributed to corruption (especially the immense corruption during the Soeharto Era) and economic inability. The Soeharto Era corruption is still fresh in Indonesian history (Soeharto himself was the world's most corrupt world leader according to Forbes), the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis was also very damaging to Indonesian economy, it doesn't help that those damn Yankees in Freeport is still very eager in exploiting the Grasberg mine as much as possible. But now? Now Indonesia is one of the fastest growing economy in the world, we have been putting a lot of development program in Papua, thus help improving the lifes of Papuans
As an Indonesian, I always excited to see my country history according to other's perspective. Any discrepancy would lead me to better understanding about each side story.
17:12 it was not a B26 Marauder that got shot down but it was a B26 Invader, a different kind of bomber/attack plane and Invader was of a later production compare to the Marauder. But still a good job in covering Indonesia's history, thanks a lot for this channel...Huzzah!👍
Yeah because of the slight similar designation (one letter off A-26 & B-26) people who aren't into aviation tend to mistake them for the other and vice versa.
Thank you very much for covering the history of Indonesia during the Cold War. I love it when my country is recognized in these kinds of information. Hope your channel grows !
It's really nice to see a comprehensive and well-researched video on this topic, especially by a more impartial figure like you. Please, do the G30S/PKI and the subsequent mass-murders of '65-'66, and mayhaps even our occupation of Timor Leste. We need more unbiased research on these two major events, especially because these topics are still highly sensitive and even taboo. I hate to say this, but the US government probably has more documentation on these things than we ourselves do.
Funny how the term "unbiased" is meant to be "communist crystal clear vision" LMAO I truly hope you neo-commie folk would just re-incarnate back in time to the 1940s and 1960s Sukarno era so you'd see how much of a Paradise it was compared to Suharto's LOL
@@zainabe9503 I don't understand what you're saying. Most documentations regarding Indonesia's 1960-1966 period is heavily censored here to eliminate as much connections to communists as possible and to wash out the later downturns of Soekarno's regime. What little Indonesians can access is heavily biased and diluted by the government. What I mean by "unbiased" is the objective truth uncensored by my government. Those were the worst times in independent Indonesia's history, especially due to Soekarno's increasingly senile policies and projects, and I want to learn more about it. The hell's this gotta do with neo-communism or whatever you're talking about?
this video mainly covered the period of 57/58, yet you mentioned 60-66, did you actually watch the video? indonesian school lesson doesnt mention CIA involvement in PRRI/Permesta nor G30S, do you call that biased?
Our President is a chad, when the CIA tried to blackmail him with Video Porn of him he told the CIA to send more because he liked them Absolute Gigachad
@@ReySchultz121 Actually Soekarno is the one that hesitated at first. It is Tan Malaka that inflaming the youth to act, by kidnapping Soekarno and convincing him to declare Independence. The reason why the youth didn't do it themselves because they are realist, that they need a symbol, someone with a lot of clout to convinced the rest of the population, since the public didn't know who the hell they are.
20:41 Will the team be covering the Indonesian Confrontation (aka Konfrontasi) of 1963-1966 in the future as well, given that the Malayan Emergency of 1948 to 1960 was previously covered in an earlier video? Commenting as a viewer from Indonesia's neighbour Singapore here.
Yeah, same Some said the UK wanted to have their influenced stayed in this region, hence the formation of Malaysia, which was very against what Sukarno was planning to by having no Western influence in Southeast Asia through forming MAPHILINDO together with president Macapagal in Philippines (although Philippines just want Northern Borneo, that's all). Even the USA actually prefer MAPHILINDO because it can control the communism in Indonesia at least, but alas... I wonder how it feels to live in MAPHILINDO
@@SiPakRubah Nah lets just wait though i doubt they would be covering it in details as some of the documents were only released recently and academics hasn't studied much in detail you better of reading. Indonesian military did not want konfrontasi and actively worked against Sukarno government. Yoga Sugama 2nd hand to Ali Murtopo was british trained assets.
Rumor has it that Alan Pope deliberately brought his papers to deny the US govt of the opportunity to deny his clandestine operations (and neglect Pope afterwards)
Sukarno was a literal chad lmao, once when he was visiting the USSR the KGB deployed a female spy to seduce him and took a myriad of indecent photos of him with the female spy. When he was leaving the Soviets showed him those photos to blackmail him, but in response he told them to show these photos to others so that others could see how strong he was when it comes to sex.
in other hand CIA tried to blackmail him using a porn sukarno look-alike actor with a woman who looked like a soviet citizen but he asked for copies of it
@@firstnamelastname6071 I suppose you don't know Indonesians very well? Had not because of our country rules or religions, we all would try to f**k anyone we've come across, hell, even some teenagers under 17 already knows and did the s*x, and no, i'm not exagerrating it, it's just simply the lack of education in our country
Superb video. I am Indonesian and I love history. Get so many new insight on this video. Many new thing I learn about PRRI in here which is never mentioned in our lesson and news.
If you are curious to why Indonesian people (not the government) supported Russia in the Ukraine Russian war, take a look at the past. People may not know these incidents. But they learned to distrust the West and it still lived today.
This is not true. Outside of the far right fringe group, Indonesian have a really positive views towards the west and condemning the war. CIA backed coup finally happened in 1968, under the pretense of cleaning communism and installing Soeharto as a dictator for 32 years, which his entire propaganda revolved around the fear of communism. During this 32 years, he brainwashed the entire generations to hate communism and soviet, also promoting favorable view of the west, a propaganda that is still rooted strongly in Indonesian society even today. You can't just take one account of history and then take it out of context.
@@michaelsimarmata5880 Yes I am aware of the communist purge. I know the massive anti communist propaganda made by the Indonesian government and right wing groups for the last 60 years. But there is no denying that the glorification of Red Army and the current Russian army is making an impression on many people. Let me tell you a funny story. When I was at a water park in Bali in 2015, one kid is sliding down the waterslide singing "Soyuz neruzhimyy respublik...." That's the Soviet anthem lol
@@darnit1944 Soviet anthem is pretty popular elsewhere but history do matters, which is why India and South Africa also neutral or somewhat russian supporting.
In the end sadly, CIA succeed on overthrowing Soekarno 7 years later through a tragedy that started the end of september 1965 and later becoming a mass murder around half millions or millions of Indonesians that commited by Soeharto alongside with his supporters from the army
Fun fact even tho indonesia is a pioneer of the non aligment movement and founder/creator of conefo In reality indonesia is pro soviet from 1959-1965 and pro western from 1966-1998. Now it really try to stay in that gray area.
Funny the anti-Javanese sentiment is still there indicative of foreigners, mentioning of Darul Islam but missing background was the coup of APRA and raymond westerling which lead to the dissolution of the united states of Indonesia and BFO (Bijeenkomst voor Federaal Overleg) to Republic of Indonesia by 1951. Also Sundanese is not Javanese, Jakarta is located on Sundanese land (West Java) not Javanese. Not mentioned too even though Nasution supportive of centralization, he was a Sumatran Batak. He was passed over as possible candidate of Indonesian leaders by Dulles and CIA leaderships in favour of Suharto. PRRI/Permesta was again not a seccesionist movement even if CIA wanted that way as most become member of New Order government bureucracy.
I'm not fanatics to this two Indonesian Dictator (Soekarno and Soeharto) but I really like how both were doing great at the beginning of their era but also both make disaster at the end of their era 😅
@@jinbun6501 Soeharto was corrupt since the beginning. He is US puppet installed by CIA to solidify their foothold and further their agenda in Indonesia. At least Soekarno was genuine and was a true visionary during the beginning of his rule.
@@Vandalgia I guess so. He's the reason why we have rampant corruption, collusion, and nepotism nowadays yet I vividly remember that school textbook blaming those bad traits on Dutch's VOC inheritance. Shame. At least Soekarno is there because nobody else is good enough at the time but power got the better of him at the end of his regime. If only we have a benevolent dictator back then, things would've turned a whole lot differently. We would've surpassed Malaysia since the 1980s or so, but we have to move forward.
It's a good cover, however I need to add a lot of things into the context of why Soekarno did and can transition the government into a "guided democracy" successfully. this is due to Indonesian parliament being so incompetent and is full of conflict with each other that even with majority of them being Javanese they keep on bickering on what to do and is only building/assist their own party's region/interest. thus, the parliament always got dissolved every 1-2 years, some of the government even didn't last for a year. thus, making Indonesia, an already unstable and poor newly born country into a state of economic uncertainty and chaos. development never progresses in the parliamentary system. therfore, making the people frustrated and making the PKI really popular among the people. because the increasingly large popularity of the communist and the power of the military Soekarno sought their help to stabilize the situation. added with his popularity among the common people due to his involvement in various political effort of Indonesia gaining its independent, he is able to convince the majority of the people on this "guided democracy" and made the rebels into a minority (way less population count). thus, he able to defeat them even when they have the CIA's backings. He recruited both the PKI and the national armed force leaders knowing full that they both hated each other. thus he made sure to play them against each other so to keep the power balance of the country and stabilize the country with their influence. PKI keeping the people civil and not rebelling and the army crush the rebel forces. Soekarno's reign at the first half is actually very well done, with his decisiveness and bold personality he is able to stabilize the condition of Indonesia, politically and economically. guiding Indonesia into the first economic prosperity (just a small boom), he made a decent economic foundation for the country. However, the foundation is not fully finished, thus when his international ambition became too big for the country (aka the project mercusuar or project lighthouse where he tried so hard to advertise Indonesia as an emerging power, creating the non-block movement, showing off with monuments and beautiful projects etc) he took more than what he can chew. he overspends the national budget, driving the economy into a downward trend and making the people scared that Indonesia gonna go back to the era of the parliamentary where the economy gonna be chaotic and everyone is uncertain of their daily life. thus opposition starts to form, and people starts to form groups around the PKI and the national army, heck the army as w hoel became a mess of 3 factions. the old guards (including many national heroes who liberated the nations) but want to keep on being neutral while backing the president. the second group the PKI backed officers (who wants to wrestle power and arm every farmer in Indonesia, aka the majority of the people and gain eve more power with their popularity) and the last one a right wing young officers in the lower and middle part of the army who were backed by the CIA (the famous Soeharto is the one who lead the group, and CIA even admitted this by declassifying documents about these incidents). This resulting in a very chaotic and foggy period called G30S PKI (gerakan 30 september PKI or the 30th september PKI incident), where the PKI who have the most power among the people at that time was mentioned in history (the PKI "incident" we mostly know now is written by the Soeharto's government, which we know is the winner) that they started a coup against the government to seize power and killed the old guard heroes. and the right-wing party lead by Soeharto swoop in right on time when all the old guards are already dead to seize power by forcing Soekarno to abdicate his power to him "temporarily" and declare a state of martial law. (which is stupid, why would party with so much power wanted to coup the government, even though they can just demand it huge political pressure both through the government body and the people's support due to their popularity and influential position they held) where after that he eradicated all the PKI and alleged PKI sympathizers, killing more than a million people in this coup alone. ( which are also done against hundreds of thousands of innocents who are just pointed at as PKI or just being a chinese descent making them targets of the purge even though they are not. while also killing all oppositions of Soeharto and his people, which are done by the army division he conveniently stationed nearby and brought into the city on time added with the street gangs and the extremist islamic groups he hired to get rid of the oppositions, but they also take advantage of the chaos to get rid of the oppositions of those gangs and extremist islamic groups' opposition too, resulting in high death count.) this incident displaced many people and traumatizing them. This resulting into Soeharto gaining power and became an even more absolute dictator and much crueler ruler that is more corrupt than anyone in Indonesian history. he is so corrupt he is able to plant roots of corruptions so deep that the culture of corruptions and bribery is still deep rooted to this day form his era from top to bottom and is unchanged for years where the corrupt people used to be so open on their corruption that they don't care if they got reported even though they are just some lower police officer in the streets or clerks in the government, not even trying to cover them up cause they just pay the people that supposed to catch them to turn a blind eye before the reforms in the recent years, nowadays the have to be much more careful and not be open about it, thus curbing the numbers down a lot if they don't have huge political backing. even huge politicians have to be careful and cover up now. unlike in soeharto era where they are just doing it in the open, even Soeharto himself did it and give his children various national companies and make it so mismanaged that they lose the country their money in the open. disclaimer, after this will be just my personal opinion and many other people who analyses the context of what happened and who benefitted a lot form this incident through a limited amount of information we were able to get due to various old forces in the army and some certain religious groups covering them up due to their involvement (which made the new governments who tried to uncover the truths suppressed and unable to do anything or even start an investigations of the incident 2 decades after the fall of the tyrant Soeharto even though several governments have announced several times wanting to do it in the recent decades) in my opinion the PKI is just a scapegoat for Soeharto to gain power and his assassinations of the national heroes (because the evidence of the incident is very vague and we only know who died and where they are buried, while there is no evidence telling who did it, is it the PKI or Soeharto's people? we don't know at all) but my speculation is backed on the reasoning of "who is the one that benefitted the most from the death of the national heroes?" even the PKI won't care to touch them because They are very famous and popular among the army members and the people. if they are dead then the rest of the army will follow the right-wing officers to do whatever they want as long as they think it is others doing. if they got found out then the rest of the army won't follow them and will follow Soekarno's discretion. even the coup attempt by the PKI is dubious at best, Soekarno has been leaning to the left so many times that he is basically a part socialist at that point. added with the power they had at that time it's only the matter of time they take over peacefully. if its a few years before the 30S PKI incident i would be convinced cause at that time PKI is not as powerful at the time (as their popularity waned due to prosperity) and they are divided, some wanted to form a communist nation and they have tried to rebel twice and they got curb stomped by the army. even then they are just regional powers who rebel on some regions outside of Jakarta but not the entire nation's PKI rebelling cause the other part opposes the rebels too. and now at this point the topic has changed so much that i became confused why am i telling the coup that happened years after the one in the video that succeeded and the president after him. idk why lol. congratulation for whoever that read things until here, you are now much more knowledgeable of how complicated of our history at that time in history and how unconfirmed it is due to it being written by the winners who still have huge influence over Indonesia at this point.
for people who wanted to read this, be aware it's gonna be a long journey of reading through a very complicated incident of the Indonesian history, which in the end will be concluded as uncertain and added with my personal opinion of what happened in the last few paragraphs.
btw also disclaimer i don't support communism in Indonesia because they also made a fair share of stupid decisions and also have rebelled twice in Indonesian history. it's just i want to make it clear Soekarno is the lesser evil when you put it against PKI and Soeharto. He just need to step down himself and make a democratically elected president as the next president instead of just having him getting rid of by Soeharto
No wonder indonesia looking down on U.S in term of Russia Ukraina conflic, now I understand why many young indonesian looking Vladimir Putin as cool guy, he play card very well in this situation, he can solo fight Europe and U.S at the same time, not even my Swordmaster lv.78 can solo two dragon.
I downloaded documents from Napster in the late 90s, which listed all the equipments including serial numbers of all communication devices, vehicles the CIA provided Indonesia in the G30S to fight communism.
the key to victory is Java, who can control Java, that's the winner, look at PRRI-permesta which has practically controlled several islands outside Java, because they didn't pull Java, so in the end they failed
Hello, David. I noticed you had difficulty to pronounce the name Sjarifuddin, well it is simply pronounced 'Sharifoodeen'. Fyi, we Indonesian use sy to write 'sh sound' and we were colonized by the Dutch so we used to write ghe y sound with the letter J instead of Y befored reformed. Now, his name would be written as Syarifuddin
6:00 Java has a lot of oil and gold. Also produce more rice and vegetables and send them to other islands, to Kalimantan and as far away as Papua. Java is very fertile..
I really wish the US would have minded our own business during the cold war. I grew up then so I know full well how the 'red scare' permeated US government/military/society. The most popular TV show around 1955 was 'I was a Communist for the FBI'! The problem is that almost every time the CIA supported a political faction in a certain country-only because the Soviets supported someone else, it came back later to bite us in the ass! The most recent was when the Soviets were fighting in Afghanistan in the '80's and the US armed and helped fund the Mujadeen-one of which happened to be Osama Bin Laden! Yep, we trained and gave arms to the architect of 9/11. That's just the most recent-that I know of. Luckily, as far as anyone knows, the CIA blew it too many times and were told to cut it out! Then with the fall of the Soviet Union, the Red Scare vanished.
Nope, it never vanished. China is still the CIA's reason to exist. The problem is that someone inside the CIA infiltrated/leaked/betrayed the Chinese spies inside China, resulted the CIA in China spy network being apprehended by Chinese Counter Espionage.
In one movie, someone said, "Java is the key. If you could conquer Java, the whole nations is yours. You could see by yourself, PRRI, Permesta, etc. They established outside the Java, so, they failed, right? Hahaha" So far, there is only one rebellions in Java, which is the Darul Islam Indonesia, but, it is also failed due to our civilians didn't take the religion guidance (in this case, Islamic guidance) as our national guidance seriously, so they didn't have lot of recruitments. Unfortunately though, the rebellion taken longer than the government would expect, from 1950s to the 1963... Glad you make this history pages, because a lot of us didn't know about rebellions that happened in Indonesia except the rebellion that PKI made twice, the 1948 Confrontation and the 1965 Coup, on which that, Sukarno didn't know anything about the 1965 Coup, he was finally thrown out of the chair by Suharto, using the 11th March Order that supposedly to take control of the situation, but instead used for the actual governmental coup of Sukarno and the mass murder of the people who is "indicated to be" PKI's alliances from 1966 onwards and begin the story of US strong influences for over 32 years... Glad you review this history, as Indonesian, I proud of it...
@@perry6660 those are the ones whose bordered by Soviet and/or China. If you are not in close proximity of those two, they will just deestablish you and left like they were never there.
@@perry6660 i disagree about western europe Our leaders are listening to usa imposing sanctions on ukraine It basicly back fired and now we have to deal with higher energy and oil prices
Glad to see someone make history documentary about my country and it is new to me with this certain history as there is many history in my country really need to be told especialy to our young generation but sadly the current law ecosystem is still so abusable as if law can be bought in auction aa you see many journalist still have tough time in here due to very exploitable blasphemy law to cover any criticsm and sensitive information.
This story is really interesting. Thanks for sharing it. Despite having a like for Indonesian history, I had no idea this had happened. To be honest, I think that, had the coup succeeded, it would have been better for Indonesia in the long run, as it would have avoided Suharto and his dictatorship, as well as the mass killings that ensued. Also, this would have helped to transform Indonesia into a federal state, which would also have alleviated tensions with the other provinces, and even prevented separatist movements from ever arising.
I think you dont know enough background history to say that. For one thing, CIA consider two possible candidates for leading New Order replacing Sukarno, Nasution or Suharto. (JFK Vs. Allen Dulles: Battleground Indonesia) Most PRRI leaders were given amnesty and became part of most New Order ruling elites as mentioned they were anti-communist. Most 1965 killings targetting communist also happen in Java (Eastern and Central) + Bali as both these regions were supporters of PKI. they were also the most victims contrary to the supposed 'genocide of Chinese' as a matter of fact chinese also supported (ROC and kuomintang) pro capitalist groups which supported Po An Tui, and become business pillars of New Order Gorvenment of Suharto. Actually for relevancy, a prominent new order figure under Suharto which still has relevancy to current Indonesian politics, his son in law, Prabowo Subianto, was son of the former PRRI economist Sumitro.
I beg to differ. Indonesia eventually ended up as a federal republic in practice post-2000 (Reformasi) anyway, remaining a unitary state only on paper. However, the period of centralized authority under the late-Sukarno as well as the Suharto period allowed for the imposition of a single national language and ideology to take root, leading to the creation of a national culture - however tenuous, and preventing Balkanization that would have happened had federalization been formalized in the late 1950s. And Suharto, despite his pro-Western stance, did learn from the PRRI episode as he was the one to push the mass settlement of millions of Javanese, Balinese and Madurese to the outer islands, economically developing them while also demographically gluing the disparate archipelago together, allowing it to survive his fall intact. This is why Indonesia did not share the fate of Yugoslavia or the Austro-Hungarian Empire, a fate all too common for multi-ethnic empires.
@@kaocakeman2964 correct, indonesia's industrialization and rapid urbanization ( 60% of indonesians live in cities and urban areas) turned Indonesia into a materialistic Gesselscahaft society almost devoid of any tribalism. You are also correct regarding indonesian language, the existence of indonesian language serve as a good unifying language and the policy to make it the only official language instead of numerously speaked javanese is perfect, today, Indonesian is literally the education, business and proffesional language to use in Indonesia, and naturally being use instead of being artificially enforced
I agree with the respondents here, full federalism would be a disaster. Imo, the current centralized system with regional autonomy is the way to go, however, it hasn't gone far enough, i believe that provincial governments should have their own taxation authority (income and business tax, not just automobile transaction tax) so that they can spend and contribute to the development of their own region.
I was just reading the wiki article on the american bombers from the latter half of the video about a week ago, and their involvement in this conflict. Now this is in my feed
well if you quite think of it, there aremore somewhat US backed than USSR backed and some have even debated that G30s might not be USSR backed since sukarno is already really close to the soviets and are still getting closer, thats probably why putin said that indonesia is russia's best friend or something
Correction for the name spelling - shah-fruit-in, not stew-fruit-in - pah-dung, not peh-dang - boo-keet-thingy, not bucket-thingy - also notice that during the time, Indonesia was using Dutch derivative spelling, so dj- is read as j-, while j- is is read as y-, so kartawidjaja should read as kartawijaya
my grandfather was a soldier from sumatra, specifically West Sumatra at that time. My grandmother told me that indo army (tentara pusat) from Java came to our place and tried to kill the families of soldiers from Sumatra who were involved with the PRRI. My grandmother fled into the forest with her childrens to escape the pursuing indo army. she said that the atrocities committed by the indo army at that time were worse than those of the Japanese and Dutch armies. even though the people of Sumatra only asked Soekarno for equitable development. she really hated seokarno
This is a CIA channel! This dude, he left out a WHOLE history--wtf?! In Indonesia in October 1965, Suharto, a powerful Indonesian military leader, accused the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) of organizing a brutal coup attempt, following the kidnapping and murder of six high-ranking army officers. Over the months that followed, he oversaw the systematic extermination of up to a million Indonesians for affiliation with the party, or simply for being accused of harboring leftist sympathies. He then took power and ruled as dictator, with U.S. support, until 1998.
my granma lives during Permesta and she said when the Indonesian national army finally captured Manado, the civilians were happy and went marching on the road. She and her sisters were literally seeking refugee in the city from the village where permesta had its power.
Thank you for covering Indonesian topic. I would like to see the 'Konfrontasi', the annexation of West New Guinea, and the downfall of Soekarno in your next videos. I'm Indonesian from West Borneo, my family was affected by the changing course of Indonesian policy towards the newly formed Malaysia and communist guerillas in Borneo in the 60s.
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WOW
Salam dari Binjai
i can speak indonesian, javanese, sundanese, melayu, english and français, so definitly try babbel
"i havent tried babbel yet coz i have dont have enough cash even wwith the discount"
Yeah one of the 2 pilot you mentioned fired on the British Royal Navy Amphion Class Diesel Electric Hunter Killer Submarine on the 18th of May 1958
can you give me these source
Thank you, The Cold War, for covering Indonesia's history. Although a little warning, you guys will find many uncertain things regarding G30S or the 30th of September 1965 movement. It is still a sensitive topic to this very day and therefore the investigation for it's clarity is commonly unsuccesful. Though it is a good reminder that Indonesia sinned to it's people (we're trying not to do that again) and it also explains the start of Suharto's oppresive military regime that lasted 32 years. By the way, most of Indonesians were celebrating when he announced that his time in office was over, which kinda said a lot about the guy and his administrations
It's up there among the largest mass killings of the 20th century sinned is really an understatement.
But in 1998 a reformation coup attempt across the world especially Malaysia & Indonesia
Some times I do think the US Monroe doctrine applies to SE Asia like the Philippines. If it doesn't suit their taste they will find a way to get rid of the leader.
No country is perfect. None.
Àl i know is HE saved Indonesia 🇮🇩
Strongly recommend Vincent Bevin's book "The Jakarta Method" for anyone who wants to read about the CIA's much more successful and much more deadly second coup, and how it became the proving ground for CIA backed right wing coups all around the world
hell yeah! kick them commies in the teeth
Read it! It changed my life!
Honestly though, I am wondering if our post-election fraud allegations both in 2014 and 2019 against Joko Widodo also has became the template for "election results denial" tactics happened in the USA last year and currently in Brazil.
Definitely a good read
As someone who grew up there, I’m still amazed how much history and literacy around the region’s period during those tumultuous Cold War proxy conflict era is becoming more internationally known since the last 5-10 years
I still remember the days back when I had to smuggle in pirated copy of Joshua Oppenheimer’s documentaries back in high school because the government was pressuring hard for youtube to block it in the country for alleged falsehood. Which they did for several years
As an Indonesian, this video has been very interesting and educational to me. We rarely ever learn of Syarifudin Prawiranegara apart from his short lived term as Prime Minister of Indonesia, one of the few people who have held the title since the formation of the United States of Indonesia.
Or his act for cutting money in half to combat inflation.
Slalu ada kmn as k0nt0l
@@risannd certified big brain moment
@@risannd goenting sjarifudin moments
@@risannd The best part about that policy is that it was successful
Ironically in the end, PERMESTA idea of Indonesia decentralization win. Today Indonesia is pretty much what PERMESTA wants (well, except their idea of seperate military command) A strong regional authority with a reasonable central government role in regional affair.
Tbh lots of Indonesian actually see PERMESTA rebellions in kind of positive light.
True even Hatta was impressed by the PRRI Letter, but all and all its good until it went bloody and America joins in.
@@abenalif2147 that’s par the course for my nations government, all I can do is apologize for the people’s will here has no power.
And even more ironic is most PRRI figures become part of New Order government too because they were anti-communist. One scion of the rebels still survived Prabowo Subianto.
True because the permersta said it them self unlike other rebellion they along with the prri don't want to seperate from indonesia like regional rebellion in aceh, papua and maluku also they don't want to take over the seat of power to change the national ideology of pancasila like what di/tii and pki wanted.
Is also makes Indonesian with Ethic Minangkabau feel unsecure using Minangnese name at that time cuz people will think they are the rebels. That's why so many Minangnese who born after PRRI Permesta not using Minangnese name including my family
Quick input for this great video. Letter 'J' in past Indonesia was read "Y" except for "dj" was read "J". So "Sjafruddin" is read "Syafruddin" and "Djuanda Kartawidjaja" is read "Juanda Kartawijaya". Hope this help for your future video about past Indonesia.
Pronunciation was probably not studied well enough. He even read "Palembang" as "Patembang".
the Indonesian air force pilot who shot down Allen Pope was Ignatius Dewanto using P-51 Mustang. Ign.Dewanto's grandson is actually a pilot in Garuda Indonesia
his grandson is actually my junior in flight school 🤙
Marshall Ignatius Dewanto was Director Intelegence in Indonesia Air Forces in 1964-1965
@@emonsuparman9248 Yes, TNI(AU)
Wasn’t leo wattimena also involved in that shoot down of pope?
Sumatra: Rich in oil
USA: I smell democracy
*capitalism
very hypocrite nation 🤣🤣
Even as an American. The more I learn about the CIA, the more I hate them and want that rogue agency to be disbanded.
Don't be mistaken, their actions are not without the permission of central government. Everything that CIA was doing was to solidify the US government's foothold during the cold war. So what they did was ultimately for the sake of US winning the cold war.
Your based.
The CIA is only an agent of the elites, they work for the interests of the elites, if the American government wants to disband these agents can still operate in and be based in other countries, Even John F Kenedy could not hinder the interests of the elite, because of that he was killed
based
Why are half the replies missing? Is that something I can fix as the OP?
This is an aspect of Indonesian history I was not really aware of. Having resided in Indonesia from the end of the Suharto era, Indonesia has done really welll in creating a well integrated, democratic society which has dramatically raised living standards for its people.
🤣🤣🤣🤣Corruption....and servitude to the US
@@icbm5389 there were more, way more corruption in soeharto's era, and the guy's litterally an american puppet
Gotta go hide now
@@icbm5389 If you say that Indonesia is a servant to the US, you are probably heavily biased against the US or the current Indonesian regime.
Anyone, even those with the slightest knowledge of Indonesian politics, would know that we're overall quite neutral and are fairly close to all superpowers, if we exclude the trigger-happy maniac up north.
@@frs9113 bro we are never invade timor if there is no order from US and aussie. we even not get spotlight about massacre g30spki just like UAE and saudi did to yemen right know
You realize and appreciate this better if you have lived abroad for years. I left for the USA in 2009 and returned in 2018, and I was really impressed at how Indonesia has developed in 9 years. I keep telling people here that I prefer to live in Indonesia rather than in the US.
Some indonesian historian find it difflicult to talk about this topic freely because its probably has a connection with today politic. Im really like when people outside indonesia talk about this topic because its hard to see whats really happened when people scared to analyze what happened.
Who want to taste some meatballs?
Baso bang?
I do want to taste some meatballs 👆😅
Bakso moment
@@rarityoh0lic_783 rarity mau nyoba basonya spike 😅👆
Basi joke basi
The CIA ‘owned’ airline based in Taiwan, CAT, was still operating commercial flights in the 60s around Asia, but gradually phased down and the routes taken over by China Airlines of Taiwan.
As a Minahasa/Manadonese and a proud Indonesian, we would like to call the PRRI/Permesta movement not as the Rebel, but as a revolutionary act and correctional necessity to the central government at that time. Java is grown too powerful and modern, while at the same time other islands (who supplies most of their natural resources to the government) isn't receive the same development and often feel neglected.
PRRI/Permesta needs to be distinguished from other rebellious movements such as DI/TII, RMS, and GAM which want to separate themselves from the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and change the ideology. PRRI/Permesta remains within the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, its flag is red and white, and its ideology is Pancasila. PERMESTA's motives is never meant to detach oneself from Indonesia. On the contrary, they want Indonesia to become a sovereign country and experience development evenly in all regions, not only in the capital or the island of Java.
To this day, PERMESTA veterans are still considered heroes in most part of Eastern Indonesia, especially Sulawesi. On state days or special events, they wear yellow beret hats as a sign that they are the people who embody the creation of regional autonomy in Indonesia today. Without PERMESTA; there would be no regional autonomy, communist influence would be more and more rampant, guided democracy a la Sukarno would be stronger, and Indonesia's outermost regions would only be dredged up. The higher death toll on the permesta side illustrates that the people and military personnel who defected were moved by their hearts to sacrifice themselves for the rights and regional autonomy at that time without fear of defeat.
That is the reason why A.H Nasution gave PERMESTA full amnesty; they did not want to change Pancasila or separate from Indonesia, and the military at that time realized that Permesta was also against the existence of the PKI, which at that time was a rival for the nationalists and the military.
--
But the past is the past, we learn and we march forward. Long live Indonesia!
While Indonesia was recovering from colonisation & nation building, the US had two attempts to subvert national sovereignty resulting in 500k to 1 million Indonesian deaths & a 33 year military dictatorship. The methods devised by the CIA were then used in any number of countries resulting in the US becoming an international pariah state.
Iraq’s & Afghans can attest to this in 21 century when communism is not an issue.
💯💯💯💯💯🤬🤬🤬🤬🤬
@Demopublic Ball encouraged by western powers.
@Demopublic Ball i mean that's part of the 33 year dictatorship which is fully supported by the western world back then
@Demopublic Ball Australia one of the 5 eyes and the other turn a blind eye. Indonesia was given permission to carry out. Same thing with Dutch intervention. How many died using excuse of communism
@Demopublic Ball mhmmm the one incident that aussie's government instigated (that separation movement) & then proceed to suck those oil dry huh? Yeah, sure. U guys are such an angel🙄
Heard from some source that timorese want to go back to being indo's region, with all the exploitation they got from bigger countries. Pffft Sucks to be them lmao
P.s: having oil is good & all, but if u cant or dont have the resource to protect it then it just give bigger country more reason to exploit u
1:51 Indonesia after independence
6:00 Relationship between Java & other islands
8:04 Attempts of autonomy
11:43 International relations
14:45 *PRRI vs Central Government*
19:45 Aftermath
Sukarno: lol. Nice try America
Suharto: *hold my tea*
Accidentaly Created military dictatorship
It's very amazing that The Cold War channel managed to summarize the entire scenario perfectly albeit a bit different from Indonesian education textbook, perhaps propaganda and agenda-setting . But regardless, I'm amazed at how much research you put into this one. Kudos from your fan at Indonesia.
er..who is 'propaganda and agenda setting' here? It's unclear if you are refering to the channel or the textbook writers.
@@rickyp6815 probably the textbooks. The textbooks here don't hesitate to praise Indonesia any opportunity it gets
@@immortal_shrooms6757 Every country is doing propaganda....just like the west
@@icbm5389 ya, just remembered 😬
@@rickyp6815 Definitely school textbooks. They have clear agenda to make you patriotic. This is also very obvious because history teachers here doesn't teach you to have critical thinking, they want you to memorize whatever narratives or dates of certain events within the textbook. Truth is, there's a whole lot of Indonesia's history that the government doesn't want their younglings to know because those are the dark pages of our country.
For example, i learned about Tan Malaka, relations between PKI and Sukarno, Sukarno's stance on G30SPKI, war crimes in East Timor & Aceh, etc later on when i already graduated from school. If they really want to teach real history they should've include this but they don't and probably never will.
Thank you for covering my country's history. The coverage of PRRI Permesta rebellion in Indonesian school books was really lacking. The PRRI Permesta rebellion was mentioned among other rebellion in early decades of Indonesian independence and that's it. You would find probably half a page worth of text talking about it. They didn't tell us about the involvement of CIA, or the national and international political context.
Keep up the good work!
Now you know who prabowo's father is? He fled and came back only when suharto is in power.
I remember someone from Iowa, who was originally from Indonesia, but was of Dutch heritage. He was kicked out of Indonesia, when Sukarno was in power.
Good
If I not forgotten (Broken english, sorry) Dutch in Indonesia after KMB, The new government gave two option Dutch have to choose, be Indonesian as citizen or leave Indonesia. Most Dutch choose later (due persecution or economic means) maybe the Iowa man were one of many who leaves Indonesia
Not so fun fact
The Dutch made a song 'lief Indie' and 'Varewell mein droomeland' which said how they LOVED Indonesia as it is but have to leave due to many circumstances
@@pashairsyad6977 I recorded the speech on VHS, and it was about 30 years ago, when he gave the speech. He was in the shipping industry, and tried to find a place on either the east coast or west coast. The US allowed him to settle in the Midwest instead.
@@HVACSoldier How interesting! Mind if I ask which shipping agency he work at? Maybe the vhs footage?
@@pashairsyad6977 He didn’t stay and it was almost 30 years ago. I’m not even sure he’s still alive, or if I even have the video cassette. But, I think this is the event he was talking about.
We Wish to have a feature episode about the Philippines under Ferdinand E. Marcos and Indonesia under Suharto
Ahh, the good old days. When you could bring house boys and maids into the United States. 😃😃😃😃
I think that has nothing to do with cold war at all, or even WW2
The so called ‘democratic’ fascist regime under soeharto. Secret police everywhere, you can literally disappear when you oppose the regime. Just like in Nazi Germany eh?
@@adinnaikhwani6255, Marcos and Soeharto IS Cold War stuffs, remember US-ordered Operation Seroja against Communist East Timor?
The Cold War should have made an episode about Philippines under Ferdinand E. Marcos before the recent Philippine election
Another well-researched video. The rice sale you were referring to was actually partially fulfilled by the Philippines, waaaaay back when the Philippines was not too deep in the clutches of greedy landowners who now choke our markets with artificial shortages. Also, I hope you do a video as to why armed rebel movements in the Philippines did not flourish as much as those in other Southeast Asian countries did.
I think the answer to why armed rebel movements didn't flourish in the Philippines was because the population was overwelmingly conservative while the minority rebels tended to be far left and antithetical to their traditional way of life.
George Mc. Turnan Kahin and His Wife, Audrey Kahin did a great job on their book, "Subversion as Foreign Policy - The Secret Eisenhower and Dulles Debacle in Indonesia".
PRRI-Permesta was originally not a separatist movement, but take a sudden turn to became a rebellion. The turn was reluctantly accepted by most of PRRI's Civilian Leaders like Sjafruddin. The Councils originally wanted more autonomy for the provinces and installments of Dwi-Tunggal (Soekarno and Hatta) as the country's leader. Hatta originally have some sympathy for the councils, and agreed to return to the Goverment on the premises that he become the Prime Minister, not Vice President. But, as the Councils didn't do anything much during a conference with Jakarta, Hatta was dissapointed. So, the notion turns and the rebellion begins. The rebel almost have total air superiority and one step away from bombing Jakarta, as the US was planning to give them B29 bombers. With the rapid development in Sumatera, the plan was curtailed. The rebellion weaken the anti-communist faction in the army, as Nasution and the rebel Commanders is anti-communist.
8:36 I'm Indonesian ethic Minangkabau My grandmothers house was bombed by Indonesian airforce during the suppression of the PRRI Permesta. Many people scared when the plane pass-through over their heads during that time including my Uncles
What is your view of Indonesia''s annexation of West Papua and the large number of Papuans who have been killed over the last 60 Years??
@@roderick2105 In my opinion is not an Annexation is more like liberation because West Papua were also Dutch colony and according to the Den Haag conference Indonesia will inherited all former territory of the Dutch East Indies and West Papua was part of The Dutch East Indies
@@roderick2105 most of them killed by false flag military operation backed by aussie and tiny singapore
@@ansosboy8687 even so, Papua is not culturally close to java and in no way have relation with what happened in central Indonesia. Indonesia just claim papua as theirs because it just so happened that Dutch controlled it.
The claim itself is pretty unjustified. And considering how Java treated Papua, even today, i can see why Papua doesn't see Jakarta in good faith.
I mean, i didn't support Papua independence as they didn't shows the ability to self govern without breaking into several small states, but at the same time i also understand their point of view
@@evankurniawan1311 first you have an Indonesian name, so i'm going to assume that you are Indonesian.
You do know that the Indonesian national motto is translated to "Unity in Diversity", Papua doesn't need to be culturally close to Java to be considered Indonesian. Many regions in Indonesia doesn't share much cultural similarity with Java or with each other, a Balinese doesn't have much cultural similarity with Acehnese nor do Acehnese have much similarity with Javanese, but they are all still Indonesian. The diversity of Indonesian culture is something Indonesia took a very great pride in, they (including Papua) all are part of the Indonesian culture. It is our duty as an Indonesian to maintain our unity in spite of cultural, religious, ethnic, and linguistic differences, not many country can survive being both extremely diverse and unified at the same time, even now many foreigners still theorize that "the collapse of Indonesia is inevitable" because they can't comprehend that despite our country's diversity we are still unified as one nation.
While Papua has certainly been underdeveloped for the past decades, this can be attributed to corruption (especially the immense corruption during the Soeharto Era) and economic inability. The Soeharto Era corruption is still fresh in Indonesian history (Soeharto himself was the world's most corrupt world leader according to Forbes), the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis was also very damaging to Indonesian economy, it doesn't help that those damn Yankees in Freeport is still very eager in exploiting the Grasberg mine as much as possible. But now? Now Indonesia is one of the fastest growing economy in the world, we have been putting a lot of development program in Papua, thus help improving the lifes of Papuans
As an Indonesian, I always excited to see my country history according to other's perspective. Any discrepancy would lead me to better understanding about each side story.
17:12 it was not a B26 Marauder that got shot down but it was a B26 Invader, a different kind of bomber/attack plane and Invader was of a later production compare to the Marauder. But still a good job in covering Indonesia's history, thanks a lot for this channel...Huzzah!👍
Yeah because of the slight similar designation (one letter off A-26 & B-26) people who aren't into aviation tend to mistake them for the other and vice versa.
Finally more detailed than previous episode for Indonesia and CIA in cold war
Thank you very much for covering the history of Indonesia during the Cold War. I love it when my country is recognized in these kinds of information. Hope your channel grows !
It's really nice to see a comprehensive and well-researched video on this topic, especially by a more impartial figure like you. Please, do the G30S/PKI and the subsequent mass-murders of '65-'66, and mayhaps even our occupation of Timor Leste. We need more unbiased research on these two major events, especially because these topics are still highly sensitive and even taboo. I hate to say this, but the US government probably has more documentation on these things than we ourselves do.
Funny how the term "unbiased" is meant to be "communist crystal clear vision" LMAO
I truly hope you neo-commie folk would just re-incarnate back in time to the 1940s and 1960s Sukarno era so you'd see how much of a Paradise it was compared to Suharto's LOL
@@zainabe9503 I don't understand what you're saying. Most documentations regarding Indonesia's 1960-1966 period is heavily censored here to eliminate as much connections to communists as possible and to wash out the later downturns of Soekarno's regime. What little Indonesians can access is heavily biased and diluted by the government. What I mean by "unbiased" is the objective truth uncensored by my government. Those were the worst times in independent Indonesia's history, especially due to Soekarno's increasingly senile policies and projects, and I want to learn more about it. The hell's this gotta do with neo-communism or whatever you're talking about?
this video mainly covered the period of 57/58, yet you mentioned 60-66, did you actually watch the video?
indonesian school lesson doesnt mention CIA involvement in PRRI/Permesta nor G30S, do you call that biased?
Our President is a chad, when the CIA tried to blackmail him with Video Porn of him he told the CIA to send more because he liked them
Absolute Gigachad
The same man who basically said, "You want independence immediately? You do it then."
The young ones chickened out.
Fucking Chad.
Much Respect, Lol.
@@ReySchultz121 Actually Soekarno is the one that hesitated at first. It is Tan Malaka that inflaming the youth to act, by kidnapping Soekarno and convincing him to declare Independence. The reason why the youth didn't do it themselves because they are realist, that they need a symbol, someone with a lot of clout to convinced the rest of the population, since the public didn't know who the hell they are.
@@Aradia000 Ah yes, i see.
Thats againts the soviet union
20:41 Will the team be covering the Indonesian Confrontation (aka Konfrontasi) of 1963-1966 in the future as well, given that the Malayan Emergency of 1948 to 1960 was previously covered in an earlier video? Commenting as a viewer from Indonesia's neighbour Singapore here.
Yeah, same
Some said the UK wanted to have their influenced stayed in this region, hence the formation of Malaysia, which was very against what Sukarno was planning to by having no Western influence in Southeast Asia through forming MAPHILINDO together with president Macapagal in Philippines (although Philippines just want Northern Borneo, that's all). Even the USA actually prefer MAPHILINDO because it can control the communism in Indonesia at least, but alas...
I wonder how it feels to live in MAPHILINDO
@@SiPakRubah Nah lets just wait though i doubt they would be covering it in details as some of the documents were only released recently and academics hasn't studied much in detail you better of reading. Indonesian military did not want konfrontasi and actively worked against Sukarno government. Yoga Sugama 2nd hand to Ali Murtopo was british trained assets.
@@abcddef2112 So you're saying the military already against it? That's new
@@SiPakRubah Yeah, I heard it in Natalie Sambhi conference on TNI. Its not really that new either though, maybe new for western audience.
Before Indonesia relationships with Malaysia in 1969
as an indonesian, your pronunciationof indonesian name is surprisingly very good and i thank you for that
Not perfect though, I made note on some mispronouncings.
iyalah iyalah suka kau as indonesia as indonesia
He pronounced bukittinggi as bakittinggi though.
@@Aru_im bucket-thingy
palembang pronounced as pekitbang.................................
14:19 "sumatra just happens to be rich in oil"
i think we all know where this is going
IT NEEDS SOME FREEDOM
Letting a pilot carrying official military identity and paperwork while flying clandestine missions, USA seemed to be quite reckless at those times
i like how the US just go "uhhh i have never met this person in my life" move even tho the pilot was carrying those documents
"... if you or your crew are captured or killed, the secretary will disavow you and your mission. This recording will self destruct in five second."
Rumor has it that Alan Pope deliberately brought his papers to deny the US govt of the opportunity to deny his clandestine operations (and neglect Pope afterwards)
Seeing them pose with US helmets and British enfield rifles is kinda cool
Sukarno was a literal chad lmao, once when he was visiting the USSR the KGB deployed a female spy to seduce him and took a myriad of indecent photos of him with the female spy. When he was leaving the Soviets showed him those photos to blackmail him, but in response he told them to show these photos to others so that others could see how strong he was when it comes to sex.
Gross.
in other hand CIA tried to blackmail him using a porn sukarno look-alike actor with a woman who looked like a soviet citizen but he asked for copies of it
That just a rumor
@@firstnamelastname6071 I suppose you don't know Indonesians very well? Had not because of our country rules or religions, we all would try to f**k anyone we've come across, hell, even some teenagers under 17 already knows and did the s*x, and no, i'm not exagerrating it, it's just simply the lack of education in our country
It's not true
This parts of History are very rarely taught on Indonesia school's curriculum or even being talked or discussed on various forums or public speaking.
Great video. Also you are one of the few westerners that pronounces Asian names properly, well done.
Absolutely based. Begone CIA.
and KGB and whatever other similar organization with it.
CIA actually won in the end of this in the next Coup attempt. So yeah....
Superb video.
I am Indonesian and I love history.
Get so many new insight on this video.
Many new thing I learn about PRRI in here which is never mentioned in our lesson and news.
Thanks
Unexpected seing you here wow
keren.... channel youtube indonesia belum pernah ada yang nerangin sedetail dan seberani ini
If you are curious to why Indonesian people (not the government) supported Russia in the Ukraine Russian war, take a look at the past.
People may not know these incidents. But they learned to distrust the West and it still lived today.
This is not true. Outside of the far right fringe group, Indonesian have a really positive views towards the west and condemning the war. CIA backed coup finally happened in 1968, under the pretense of cleaning communism and installing Soeharto as a dictator for 32 years, which his entire propaganda revolved around the fear of communism. During this 32 years, he brainwashed the entire generations to hate communism and soviet, also promoting favorable view of the west, a propaganda that is still rooted strongly in Indonesian society even today.
You can't just take one account of history and then take it out of context.
*cough G30S *cough
@@michaelsimarmata5880 Yes I am aware of the communist purge. I know the massive anti communist propaganda made by the Indonesian government and right wing groups for the last 60 years.
But there is no denying that the glorification of Red Army and the current Russian army is making an impression on many people.
Let me tell you a funny story. When I was at a water park in Bali in 2015, one kid is sliding down the waterslide singing "Soyuz neruzhimyy respublik...." That's the Soviet anthem lol
no, you just like being racist.
@@darnit1944 Soviet anthem is pretty popular elsewhere but history do matters, which is why India and South Africa also neutral or somewhat russian supporting.
Imagine being an intern in the CIA and your first job is to edit sukarno porn.
Share link gan
Damn
I should apply
and then Soekarno just came and ask for a copy 💀
sauce? :)
@@lixobounce6588 yeah he is a chad 😂
I really love this channel please continue doing these types of videos about history and current events.
CIA : "Need a country destabilized? Look no further we're your guys! We've got snazzy suits and ties!"
And a better dental plan than the FBI's~
Awesome topic!
i wish you don't forget about the mysterious Supersemar (Surat Perintah Sebelas Maret) Decree, which the original document itself is never be found
Which can only be seen in the film Pengkhianatan G30S PKI
do a civil aviation episode!
Thanks for covering this Indonesia coup d'etat
Looking forward for Suharto reign's stories
Waduh dilike nih wkwk ditunggu banget pembahasan David tentang the Smiling General
@@dnitisastra smiling general? That sounds like a creepy pasta
Excellent, detailed and balanced presentation. Thank you.
In the end sadly, CIA succeed on overthrowing Soekarno 7 years later through a tragedy that started the end of september 1965 and later becoming a mass murder around half millions or millions of Indonesians that commited by Soeharto alongside with his supporters from the army
Excellent video 📹
INDONESIA 🇮🇩' SHATTERED (almost)
It's was very important to see Indonesian history explained by foreigner. And also it was correctly that happen in our history.
next episode: "How a CIA Coup in Indonesia Succeeded finally in 1965~67"?
Its not 100% CIA.
Mostly soeharto and his cornies
@@joMan1060 CIA is not an infantry, not army, but just agency. definitely it's just aided. else it's already invasion
Seconded
👍
Really cool documentary sir! Salute!
Fun fact even tho indonesia is a pioneer of the non aligment movement and founder/creator of conefo In reality indonesia is pro soviet from 1959-1965 and pro western from 1966-1998. Now it really try to stay in that gray area.
Soekarno likes to Marxism but doesn't mean he align to them. he kinda like playing both side which benefit the most, like current president lol
Thank you for the correct pronunciation of Nasution (Na-su-tee-on), it really shows how much research this video is.
Around 19:00..... Sulawesi was mentioned for a good 2 mins, but the island itself is not in view. Sumatera however, has its center highlighted in red.
Funny the anti-Javanese sentiment is still there indicative of foreigners, mentioning of Darul Islam but missing background was the coup of APRA and raymond westerling which lead to the dissolution of the united states of Indonesia and BFO (Bijeenkomst voor Federaal Overleg) to Republic of Indonesia by 1951. Also Sundanese is not Javanese, Jakarta is located on Sundanese land (West Java) not Javanese. Not mentioned too even though Nasution supportive of centralization, he was a Sumatran Batak. He was passed over as possible candidate of Indonesian leaders by Dulles and CIA leaderships in favour of Suharto. PRRI/Permesta was again not a seccesionist movement even if CIA wanted that way as most become member of New Order government bureucracy.
abcd def 👌Good comment
I remember this
Sukarno is anti communist but america is not cool on his moves
Sukarno establish NASAKOM (Nationalism, Religion, Communism). Just for reminder
America were not being cool because soekarno gathered these nationalist, religious, communist group into 1 ideology NASAKOM
as indonesian.....i saw this topic always be controversial...and keep discussed every september 30th.....in my country
I'm not fanatics to this two Indonesian Dictator (Soekarno and Soeharto) but I really like how both were doing great at the beginning of their era but also both make disaster at the end of their era 😅
Power tend to corrupt is a real thing.
Absolute power, currupt absolutely
Its not easy to start running a big country such as Indonesia with various different aspects in all matters. Do not use our today glass point of view
@@jinbun6501 Soeharto was corrupt since the beginning. He is US puppet installed by CIA to solidify their foothold and further their agenda in Indonesia. At least Soekarno was genuine and was a true visionary during the beginning of his rule.
@@Vandalgia I guess so. He's the reason why we have rampant corruption, collusion, and nepotism nowadays yet I vividly remember that school textbook blaming those bad traits on Dutch's VOC inheritance. Shame.
At least Soekarno is there because nobody else is good enough at the time but power got the better of him at the end of his regime. If only we have a benevolent dictator back then, things would've turned a whole lot differently. We would've surpassed Malaysia since the 1980s or so, but we have to move forward.
Even by the fourth minute in, the historic instability at this time is fascinating, then you have the East Timor complicity
As an Indonesian
The fact that we still not splitting apart is crazy on it's own
What is the main thing that bonds you all together?
@@komododragon410Harambee Glue
@@komododragon410 flex tape duh
It's a good cover, however I need to add a lot of things into the context of why Soekarno did and can transition the government into a "guided democracy" successfully. this is due to Indonesian parliament being so incompetent and is full of conflict with each other that even with majority of them being Javanese they keep on bickering on what to do and is only building/assist their own party's region/interest. thus, the parliament always got dissolved every 1-2 years, some of the government even didn't last for a year. thus, making Indonesia, an already unstable and poor newly born country into a state of economic uncertainty and chaos. development never progresses in the parliamentary system. therfore, making the people frustrated and making the PKI really popular among the people.
because the increasingly large popularity of the communist and the power of the military Soekarno sought their help to stabilize the situation. added with his popularity among the common people due to his involvement in various political effort of Indonesia gaining its independent, he is able to convince the majority of the people on this "guided democracy" and made the rebels into a minority (way less population count). thus, he able to defeat them even when they have the CIA's backings. He recruited both the PKI and the national armed force leaders knowing full that they both hated each other. thus he made sure to play them against each other so to keep the power balance of the country and stabilize the country with their influence. PKI keeping the people civil and not rebelling and the army crush the rebel forces.
Soekarno's reign at the first half is actually very well done, with his decisiveness and bold personality he is able to stabilize the condition of Indonesia, politically and economically. guiding Indonesia into the first economic prosperity (just a small boom), he made a decent economic foundation for the country. However, the foundation is not fully finished, thus when his international ambition became too big for the country (aka the project mercusuar or project lighthouse where he tried so hard to advertise Indonesia as an emerging power, creating the non-block movement, showing off with monuments and beautiful projects etc) he took more than what he can chew. he overspends the national budget, driving the economy into a downward trend and making the people scared that Indonesia gonna go back to the era of the parliamentary where the economy gonna be chaotic and everyone is uncertain of their daily life.
thus opposition starts to form, and people starts to form groups around the PKI and the national army, heck the army as w hoel became a mess of 3 factions. the old guards (including many national heroes who liberated the nations) but want to keep on being neutral while backing the president. the second group the PKI backed officers (who wants to wrestle power and arm every farmer in Indonesia, aka the majority of the people and gain eve more power with their popularity) and the last one a right wing young officers in the lower and middle part of the army who were backed by the CIA (the famous Soeharto is the one who lead the group, and CIA even admitted this by declassifying documents about these incidents).
This resulting in a very chaotic and foggy period called G30S PKI (gerakan 30 september PKI or the 30th september PKI incident), where the PKI who have the most power among the people at that time was mentioned in history (the PKI "incident" we mostly know now is written by the Soeharto's government, which we know is the winner) that they started a coup against the government to seize power and killed the old guard heroes. and the right-wing party lead by Soeharto swoop in right on time when all the old guards are already dead to seize power by forcing Soekarno to abdicate his power to him "temporarily" and declare a state of martial law. (which is stupid, why would party with so much power wanted to coup the government, even though they can just demand it huge political pressure both through the government body and the people's support due to their popularity and influential position they held)
where after that he eradicated all the PKI and alleged PKI sympathizers, killing more than a million people in this coup alone. ( which are also done against hundreds of thousands of innocents who are just pointed at as PKI or just being a chinese descent making them targets of the purge even though they are not. while also killing all oppositions of Soeharto and his people, which are done by the army division he conveniently stationed nearby and brought into the city on time added with the street gangs and the extremist islamic groups he hired to get rid of the oppositions, but they also take advantage of the chaos to get rid of the oppositions of those gangs and extremist islamic groups' opposition too, resulting in high death count.)
this incident displaced many people and traumatizing them. This resulting into Soeharto gaining power and became an even more absolute dictator and much crueler ruler that is more corrupt than anyone in Indonesian history. he is so corrupt he is able to plant roots of corruptions so deep that the culture of corruptions and bribery is still deep rooted to this day form his era from top to bottom and is unchanged for years where the corrupt people used to be so open on their corruption that they don't care if they got reported even though they are just some lower police officer in the streets or clerks in the government, not even trying to cover them up cause they just pay the people that supposed to catch them to turn a blind eye before the reforms in the recent years, nowadays the have to be much more careful and not be open about it, thus curbing the numbers down a lot if they don't have huge political backing. even huge politicians have to be careful and cover up now. unlike in soeharto era where they are just doing it in the open, even Soeharto himself did it and give his children various national companies and make it so mismanaged that they lose the country their money in the open.
disclaimer, after this will be just my personal opinion and many other people who analyses the context of what happened and who benefitted a lot form this incident through a limited amount of information we were able to get due to various old forces in the army and some certain religious groups covering them up due to their involvement (which made the new governments who tried to uncover the truths suppressed and unable to do anything or even start an investigations of the incident 2 decades after the fall of the tyrant Soeharto even though several governments have announced several times wanting to do it in the recent decades)
in my opinion the PKI is just a scapegoat for Soeharto to gain power and his assassinations of the national heroes (because the evidence of the incident is very vague and we only know who died and where they are buried, while there is no evidence telling who did it, is it the PKI or Soeharto's people? we don't know at all) but my speculation is backed on the reasoning of "who is the one that benefitted the most from the death of the national heroes?" even the PKI won't care to touch them because They are very famous and popular among the army members and the people. if they are dead then the rest of the army will follow the right-wing officers to do whatever they want as long as they think it is others doing. if they got found out then the rest of the army won't follow them and will follow Soekarno's discretion.
even the coup attempt by the PKI is dubious at best, Soekarno has been leaning to the left so many times that he is basically a part socialist at that point. added with the power they had at that time it's only the matter of time they take over peacefully. if its a few years before the 30S PKI incident i would be convinced cause at that time PKI is not as powerful at the time (as their popularity waned due to prosperity) and they are divided, some wanted to form a communist nation and they have tried to rebel twice and they got curb stomped by the army. even then they are just regional powers who rebel on some regions outside of Jakarta but not the entire nation's PKI rebelling cause the other part opposes the rebels too.
and now at this point the topic has changed so much that i became confused why am i telling the coup that happened years after the one in the video that succeeded and the president after him. idk why lol. congratulation for whoever that read things until here, you are now much more knowledgeable of how complicated of our history at that time in history and how unconfirmed it is due to it being written by the winners who still have huge influence over Indonesia at this point.
for people who wanted to read this, be aware it's gonna be a long journey of reading through a very complicated incident of the Indonesian history, which in the end will be concluded as uncertain and added with my personal opinion of what happened in the last few paragraphs.
btw also disclaimer i don't support communism in Indonesia because they also made a fair share of stupid decisions and also have rebelled twice in Indonesian history. it's just i want to make it clear Soekarno is the lesser evil when you put it against PKI and Soeharto. He just need to step down himself and make a democratically elected president as the next president instead of just having him getting rid of by Soeharto
Damn dude thank you for your lonf essay, really increase my knowledge
No wonder indonesia looking down on U.S in term of Russia Ukraina conflic, now I understand why many young indonesian looking Vladimir Putin as cool guy, he play card very well in this situation, he can solo fight Europe and U.S at the same time, not even my Swordmaster lv.78 can solo two dragon.
Awesome, it gave me much inspiration, answer, etc.. Regarding what i was wondered
I downloaded documents from Napster in the late 90s, which listed all the equipments including serial numbers of all communication devices, vehicles the CIA provided Indonesia in the G30S to fight communism.
Nice video btw
Note: Sjafruddin is pronounced Syafruddin since Indonesia used Soewardi/Republican Spelling System at that time
The next one not only was successful, it ended up in a full genocide.
the key to victory is Java, who can control Java, that's the winner, look at PRRI-permesta which has practically controlled several islands outside Java, because they didn't pull Java, so in the end they failed
Java is the koentji
Jawa adalah koentji , sejak ber abad2 mjd pusat kebudayaan
Looking forward to more Indonesian history
Hello, David. I noticed you had difficulty to pronounce the name Sjarifuddin, well it is simply pronounced 'Sharifoodeen'. Fyi, we Indonesian use sy to write 'sh sound' and we were colonized by the Dutch so we used to write ghe y sound with the letter J instead of Y befored reformed. Now, his name would be written as Syarifuddin
6:00 Java has a lot of oil and gold. Also produce more rice and vegetables and send them to other islands, to Kalimantan and as far away as Papua. Java is very fertile..
Fascinating!
I really wish the US would have minded our own business during the cold war. I grew up then so I know full well how the 'red scare' permeated US government/military/society. The most popular TV show around 1955 was 'I was a Communist for the FBI'! The problem is that almost every time the CIA supported a political faction in a certain country-only because the Soviets supported someone else, it came back later to bite us in the ass! The most recent was when the Soviets were fighting in Afghanistan in the '80's and the US armed and helped fund the Mujadeen-one of which happened to be Osama Bin Laden! Yep, we trained and gave arms to the architect of 9/11. That's just the most recent-that I know of. Luckily, as far as anyone knows, the CIA blew it too many times and were told to cut it out! Then with the fall of the Soviet Union, the Red Scare vanished.
Nope, it never vanished. China is still the CIA's reason to exist. The problem is that someone inside the CIA infiltrated/leaked/betrayed the Chinese spies inside China, resulted the CIA in China spy network being apprehended by Chinese Counter Espionage.
What are you talking about? The red scare definitely still exists today. If before it was soviet, today it's both china and north korea.
anyway. you might like the 1965 (30 Septembre Movement) is actually CIA black operation.
im from indonesia. i nvr know all this. thx for your informative video.
In one movie, someone said, "Java is the key. If you could conquer Java, the whole nations is yours. You could see by yourself, PRRI, Permesta, etc. They established outside the Java, so, they failed, right? Hahaha"
So far, there is only one rebellions in Java, which is the Darul Islam Indonesia, but, it is also failed due to our civilians didn't take the religion guidance (in this case, Islamic guidance) as our national guidance seriously, so they didn't have lot of recruitments. Unfortunately though, the rebellion taken longer than the government would expect, from 1950s to the 1963...
Glad you make this history pages, because a lot of us didn't know about rebellions that happened in Indonesia except the rebellion that PKI made twice, the 1948 Confrontation and the 1965 Coup, on which that, Sukarno didn't know anything about the 1965 Coup, he was finally thrown out of the chair by Suharto, using the 11th March Order that supposedly to take control of the situation, but instead used for the actual governmental coup of Sukarno and the mass murder of the people who is "indicated to be" PKI's alliances from 1966 onwards and begin the story of US strong influences for over 32 years...
Glad you review this history, as Indonesian, I proud of it...
Java is the koentji
Correction: 30S occured on the 30th of September, not 13th.
To be America's enemy is dangerous.
But to be America's friend is fatal.
Overwhelmingly not the case, but fine go off.
@@robertortiz-wilson1588 well america is more of a win lose in trade, i mean look at grasberg mine
South Korea, Japan, Taiwan and Western European countries would beg to differ.
@@perry6660 those are the ones whose bordered by Soviet and/or China. If you are not in close proximity of those two, they will just deestablish you and left like they were never there.
@@perry6660 i disagree about western europe
Our leaders are listening to usa imposing sanctions on ukraine
It basicly back fired and now we have to deal with higher energy and oil prices
Glad to see someone make history documentary about my country and it is new to me with this certain history as there is many history in my country really need to be told especialy to our young generation but sadly the current law ecosystem is still so abusable as if law can be bought in auction aa you see many journalist still have tough time in here due to very exploitable blasphemy law to cover any criticsm and sensitive information.
This story is really interesting. Thanks for sharing it. Despite having a like for Indonesian history, I had no idea this had happened. To be honest, I think that, had the coup succeeded, it would have been better for Indonesia in the long run, as it would have avoided Suharto and his dictatorship, as well as the mass killings that ensued. Also, this would have helped to transform Indonesia into a federal state, which would also have alleviated tensions with the other provinces, and even prevented separatist movements from ever arising.
I think you dont know enough background history to say that. For one thing, CIA consider two possible candidates for leading New Order replacing Sukarno, Nasution or Suharto. (JFK Vs. Allen Dulles: Battleground Indonesia) Most PRRI leaders were given amnesty and became part of most New Order ruling elites as mentioned they were anti-communist.
Most 1965 killings targetting communist also happen in Java (Eastern and Central) + Bali as both these regions were supporters of PKI. they were also the most victims contrary to the supposed 'genocide of Chinese' as a matter of fact chinese also supported (ROC and kuomintang) pro capitalist groups which supported Po An Tui, and become business pillars of New Order Gorvenment of Suharto.
Actually for relevancy, a prominent new order figure under Suharto which still has relevancy to current Indonesian politics, his son in law, Prabowo Subianto, was son of the former PRRI economist Sumitro.
I beg to differ. Indonesia eventually ended up as a federal republic in practice post-2000 (Reformasi) anyway, remaining a unitary state only on paper. However, the period of centralized authority under the late-Sukarno as well as the Suharto period allowed for the imposition of a single national language and ideology to take root, leading to the creation of a national culture - however tenuous, and preventing Balkanization that would have happened had federalization been formalized in the late 1950s. And Suharto, despite his pro-Western stance, did learn from the PRRI episode as he was the one to push the mass settlement of millions of Javanese, Balinese and Madurese to the outer islands, economically developing them while also demographically gluing the disparate archipelago together, allowing it to survive his fall intact. This is why Indonesia did not share the fate of Yugoslavia or the Austro-Hungarian Empire, a fate all too common for multi-ethnic empires.
@@kaocakeman2964 correct, indonesia's industrialization and rapid urbanization ( 60% of indonesians live in cities and urban areas) turned Indonesia into a materialistic Gesselscahaft society almost devoid of any tribalism.
You are also correct regarding indonesian language, the existence of indonesian language serve as a good unifying language and the policy to make it the only official language instead of numerously speaked javanese is perfect, today, Indonesian is literally the education, business and proffesional language to use in Indonesia, and naturally being use instead of being artificially enforced
I agree with the respondents here, full federalism would be a disaster.
Imo, the current centralized system with regional autonomy is the way to go, however, it hasn't gone far enough, i believe that provincial governments should have their own taxation authority (income and business tax, not just automobile transaction tax) so that they can spend and contribute to the development of their own region.
@@briantarigan7685 I think also the fact that many people from diverse ethnic groups married each others, most people are mixed ethnicities.
Can you do a feature episode about the Philippines under Ferdinand E. Marcos and Under Martial Law from 1972 to 1981
we're not quite into the 70s yet, but once it is, I'm hoping for that
I was just reading the wiki article on the american bombers from the latter half of the video about a week ago, and their involvement in this conflict. Now this is in my feed
Will you guys cover the conflict in Laos?
US : so are you chinese or japanese?
laos : im laosian
US : ocean what ocean?
"In my opinion the key to victory is Java"
Just like the rebel said
Hi can you cover Konfrotasi, Indonesia opposition to the formation of Malaysia, I think it is very interesting
I remember watching a documentary about this Shadow Play or something
I would like to watch G30S from foreign side/thinking, at least from your perspective 🤔
well if you quite think of it, there aremore somewhat US backed than USSR backed and some have even debated that G30s might not be USSR backed since sukarno is already really close to the soviets and are still getting closer, thats probably why putin said that indonesia is russia's best friend or something
Even as Indonesian I didn't really know about our history, thank you for the information about our history
Correction for the name spelling
- shah-fruit-in, not stew-fruit-in
- pah-dung, not peh-dang
- boo-keet-thingy, not bucket-thingy
- also notice that during the time, Indonesia was using Dutch derivative spelling, so dj- is read as j-, while j- is is read as y-, so kartawidjaja should read as kartawijaya
18:35 while discussing military operation in Sulawesi, the map instead showed Sumatra.
The Jakarta Method!
my grandfather was a soldier from sumatra, specifically West Sumatra at that time. My grandmother told me that indo army (tentara pusat) from Java came to our place and tried to kill the families of soldiers from Sumatra who were involved with the PRRI. My grandmother fled into the forest with her childrens to escape the pursuing indo army. she said that the atrocities committed by the indo army at that time were worse than those of the Japanese and Dutch armies. even though the people of Sumatra only asked Soekarno for equitable development. she really hated seokarno
can you investigate BOM BALI are they connected with 911 Tragedy and another same bombing tragedy at almost the same time.
it has nothing to do with cold war
This is a CIA channel! This dude, he left out a WHOLE history--wtf?!
In Indonesia in October 1965, Suharto, a powerful Indonesian military leader, accused the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) of organizing a brutal coup attempt, following the kidnapping and murder of six high-ranking army officers. Over the months that followed, he oversaw the systematic extermination of up to a million Indonesians for affiliation with the party, or simply for being accused of harboring leftist sympathies. He then took power and ruled as dictator, with U.S. support, until 1998.
Wow, so in-dept. Thanks
my granma lives during Permesta and she said when the Indonesian national army finally captured Manado, the civilians were happy and went marching on the road. She and her sisters were literally seeking refugee in the city from the village where permesta had its power.
wow...that Babel segway... =O
Thank you for covering Indonesian topic. I would like to see the 'Konfrontasi', the annexation of West New Guinea, and the downfall of Soekarno in your next videos. I'm Indonesian from West Borneo, my family was affected by the changing course of Indonesian policy towards the newly formed Malaysia and communist guerillas in Borneo in the 60s.