Ugh the new one. Horrible! Others may have already said, but the old unit's VFD has in-tact getters. (the black blobs inside.) Designed to suck up any air that may leak in. If they are white or gone then gas has been let in. Man's that VFD is not gassy. The dim screen is likely from the DC-DC not giving enough voltage. TechTangents had a video on this with an old calculator. He had to change a cap or two on the DC-DC which IIRC fixed the issue.
I mean it’s a quarter the price and vastly more reliable. I don’t see why old men call the consolidation of components “horrible”. The worst part of this is the battery life and screen
If the VFD has two cathodes, one toward each end, that might explain the graduated brightness - if the one at the left has a dry joint or a short or something.
@@novafawks yeah, been following Ben and a few other EE you tubers for a long time. Ben's casual, but incredibly deep expertise makes him very watchable
The VFD still has good vacuum. The getter (shiny coating on the inside of the glass) is still intact. I would replace all the caps on the power board and it might come back to life.
I have a pile of old speak n spell read and maths from back when I was into circuit bending. When I was a kid in the 80s my neighbors younger kid had one and her older brother snagged it for me so I could take it apart! I took everything apart and I had to get in and see that speech chip!
Remember, as the packaging said, the new device was designed and built "as you remembered it." That means recreating an experience people remembered, not actually trying to recreate the real experience or improving on it. This is why their LED backlighting is dim and weak and using a membrane keyboard instead of that janky button keyboard. After all, this toy isn't sold to be an educational tool, as we can design an app for tablets to do that. (Leapfrog and Amazon have much better products for this.) This toy was solely built to play on parents' nostalgic memories (just like you had when you were waxing about having one as a kid) and wishing to share that experience with their kids. Also, my experience with Speak & Spells is rather limited. I never had one, but I remember being a preteen at the house of a family friend and bored out of my skull. They had one laying around (used and abused). So, I picked it up and toyed with it. And, yes, I tried to spell curse words on it...
On the old VFD modules (and CRTs) a common problem was that the heater would foul up over time and kick off fewer electrons. You could sometimes buy yourself more display life by increasing the heater voltage by a few percent. If only the first couple of letters are dark, that may be uneven phosphor wear AKA burn-in.
Your presumption about the two keypad matrices is correct. They are from Texas Instruments TI-12XX (& TI-14XX...) calculator series. When introduced in 1975 all models used a 6*4 matrix of the same construction, wires and all. All calculator models in the range used the same single chip implementation; which for the time was cutting edge. Lower-end models in the series simply hid more functions behind the metal keyplate. Removing the the keyplate from your base model TI-1200 would expose the missing Change-Sign key and 4 fully functional memory keys. TI would later create a revised 5x4 version of the matrix for these lower-end models and it was this version they would go on to reuse two of in the original 1978 Speak & Spell.
The keyboard modules are totally off-the-shelf, but not industrial. TI used those EXACT SAME modules in their four-function calculators of the era. I genuinely love knowing that the Speak & Spell keyboard was originally two calculator keyboards glued together.
There is a way to "rejuvenate" old VFD displays, by applying a certain higher voltage on the pins. There's plenty of tutorials on UA-cam to do just that. They do it with old alfanumeric pinball displays as well. Not sure if that's a solution, but may be worth a shot?
I had an 80s model when I was a kid and it actually helped me to learn, unfortunately it was given away when I didn't need it anymore however I found a couple on ebay not long ago so I have it back. I modified one to be powered from a lithium battery and i could reuse the dc connector to charge it, pretty easy and reversible mod you pretty much tack on the TP4056 module to handle the 18650 and don't need to actually modify anything on the board
The VFD is dim because the voltages going to it would be incorrect due to the crude switchless power supply failing. You need to check that first. Check the diodes on it since they are known to fail. The transistors are also known to short, but they are part of the startup oscillation so if they do fail then usually the whole unit doesn't work because the crude "flyback" (I'm using that term loosely) acts as a oscillator/feedback pulse to provide the system clock. When those transistors also fail, they usually burn up in a spectacular fashion due to the current draw. Check the capacitor on the board too since when I read mine it was so old it said the 1uF capacitor was reading a ESR of >20 uF. The VFD also operates on a negative voltage and a positive voltage rail giving you (if I recall) around 16V difference from the 6V power supply. It doesn't run at a high voltage like you suspected. The gas in the VFD would be fine still because the other segments are illuminating. Just check the voltages. If you need a spare Speak and Spell to repair yours, I have one but I cracked the "flyback" coil open to make a schematic from it since a coil was burned out in it (the enamel finally broke down and shorted) and it needs a new power supply designed using new modern components (since finding a replacement coil is impossible).
I'm just building my own z80 note at this very moment as u release this vid, I had my own boards made from your github files, hope u dont mind! Such an ace project, thanks for creating it.
Ive been trying all day to get it to work, i finally got it sort of working. Ive altered the following in the arduino sketch... Change 1: //TWBR = 6; //Change prescaler to increase I2C speed to max of 400KHz TWBR = 12; //Change prescaler for I2C speed of 250KHz Change 2: case 5: //fileName[1] = 13; //Break (cntrl-C) fileName[1] = 27; //Escape Change 3: void getFileName(const char *str) { int x = 0; for (x=0;x
@@willyarma_uk haven't got that far, just assembled, flash the micro and turned it on, I'll have to flash and insert the sd and give it a try this weekend.
@@willyarma_uk Just finished assembling mine. I noticed Ben updated the arduino files 5 days ago, flashed that and note works fine. Did freeze up on me once though.
@@RanHam I'm having terrible problems with it not loading to ram properly, I've just removed the Cypress RAM chips and replaced them with some ISSI ones and its much better but not perfect.
It could be a bad capacitor in the VFD high voltage supply. It seems to have voltage for the first digit on the right and then get dimmer as it scans across. So get out the oscilloscope.
Yes that voltage converter has a dead capacitor, the long axial capacitor most likely, used to store the -30v used in the display. The sagging voltage is why the display is dim at the one end.
@@BenHeckHacks I have a modern Futaba dot-matrix character VFD in some high-end audio gear dating to about 2010. After years and years of use, the least-used pixels are the brightest, and the most-used pixels are the dimmest. Like screen burn on a monochrome CRT or plasma display. My guess: The phosphor coating is becoming NFG. It goes from left to right, because the left-most segments are the most-used and the right-most characters are the least-used. This is because displaying user input goes from left to right.
I stumbled across this video. I watched it and loved it. I am just now seeing that this is Ben Heck!!! I used to love watching your videos back in the day. Glad I found your channel.
Long time lurker, first comment. You’re a riot to watch. Absolutely no doubt we’re the same age, ET is the first movie I remember seeing in the theatre too. Trip down memory lane watching your videos.
@@colgatefreshmint As if! British English is incredibly lazy, with no rules and not pronouncing things the way they are spelled. American English is based on making things (more) consistent and following rules. And don't get me started on the British mangling of foreign words. If you want to talk lazy (and insensitive and inconsiderate), start there. "Chili" has one "L", *NOT* two!
I think Canada uses colour as well. Learning any dialect of English has to be pretty difficult. English has rules, but then later changes it's mind. I before E, except if your Irish!
Back in my TRS80 days, I had a Speak and Spell which I modified to connect to the TRS80 to act as a phonetic speech unit. The hand solder may be been where some ribbon cable was connected to do similar mod.
Ben: "I can make speak and spell portable" Everyone Else, Literally Everyone Else: "Umm, Ben, It's already portable" "there, there's a handle on top" :)
I didn't have one of these as a kid, my talking device/toy of choice was a "Talking Computron" which did all the spelling and math in just one toy. I even had two book + cartridges to go with it!
Like a CRT, VFDs are phosphor based devices. The filaments emit electrons, and the character masks block or pass the flow of electrons to the segments, which are phosphor coated.It is possible for a VFD to simply suffer phosphor burn in over time. Fortunately, that 8 character VFD isn't an uncommon part.
I was poking around with the 2019 speak. I can briefly get some lower pitch stuff if I run a wire from -v to the resistor near the blob R1 and the flash chip. Really frustrating how these new toys aren't so bendy.. why do think we want them ?
When experimenting with VFD I read that using DC across the filament of the VFD can cause one side to be brighter, maybe the boost circuit is only outputting DC? We picked up one of those in the early 90's with a speech defect, it was lots of fun to play with!
Ben, if you figured out a way to drive that speech synthesis chip I'd be overjoyed! A singing speak and spell or something would be absolutely incredible
It’s not quite that simple sadly, though you can create a custom rom expansion card if you do a little reverse engineering, the ROM data is incredibly simple, but you’d have to record your own PCM words-it won’t use the original voice :(
@@kanpaifighto true, it would be super challenging. I’m not really hoping for him to get it to properly speak words, I just think it might be fun if he got it making some garbled noises
I have a hypothesis about the VFD. I have a Sony C20 Betamax and the bottom line of some characters on the VFD have faded. I note that they were the most used segments. On this Speak 'n' Spell, there will be more 4, 5 or 6 letter words than 7 or 8 and it's the first 5/6 characters that are faded. Could it be that, over time, the elements/segments of the characters burn out with use?
Sir, I'm not here for any specific interest in the Speak & Spell but my love of Texas Instruments after supporting the TI-99/4A for 40 years. I was surprised to not see a chip numbered with TMS5200. This is the first time I've seen a Speak & Spell opened. The additional speech cartridges were planned for the TI Speech Synthesiser but very few have a port, but they do all have a hinged flap where the cartridges would go. I never knew the Speak & Spell supported them too! 👍🏻🙂
In this day and age, the electronics to do a Speak & Spell are so much more compact than they were 40 years ago. There was a Speak & Spell Compact that was smaller, but the Basic Fun machine is only as big as it is because it's made to be a true replica with the speaker, display, and keyboard being true to the original design.
There's also the Touch & Tell...I had one but I had only one program sheet with it and no cartridges. Still very popular in special education settings. Using solid wire for board-to-board connectors was a very common technique in Texas Instruments products at the time.
E.T. was one of the first movies that I ever watched in a theater where the line to get in was wrapped around the building. It's also one of the earliest movies that I remember seeing. Prior to that, I do remember seeing Airplane at a drive-in while sitting in the back of my dad's Pinto.
VFD are basically vacuum tube with a fluorescent anode like CRT or tuning indicator on old radio. Typical voltages are 1.5V for the filament (directly heated cathode) and 25V for grids and anodes. (Sometime more with for multiplexing)
Very interesting stuff. I didn't know there was a new version. The three wires were down to the original using two halves of speech. In circuit bending this could be hacked to produce stereo sound. What you saw in ET was basically circuit bending before it became a thing. Those keypads are like what's in TI calculators.
The 2 speech chips were needed as TI apparently wasn't making a rom big enough to hold all the speech data. I think you can also modify it to switch these 2 lines to the speaker on and off, to effectively only get part of a word spoken. Great fun to bend these things. Thank you Reed Ghazala !
Ah, same sort of chip is in the Speech synthesizer module for my TI994a computer! I love that thing; was my first computer and it still works last I checked.
On the 1978 version, TI saved money by using a speaker with a center tapped coil. This way the output of the chip could have two positive outputs referenced to ground, one of them representing the positive part of the waveform, and one representing the negative part of the waveform (except inverted, of course). That way they could drive the speaker without having to add circuitry to either have a power amplifier, or a positive and negative rail voltage. It also doubled the effective resolution of the ADC, by having it repeat on each half (albeit with horrible zero cross distortion). Later versions replaced the speaker with a standard speaker, and drove the output through a center tapped transformer.
I would pay serious money to support a project to faithfully emulate these from their original rom code. You criticize the cheap construction, but they were WONDERFUL toys and amazing technology for the 70s. Speak and Math was my favorite. EDIT: Oh goodness! The MAME project has done exactly this. Technology is wonderful. ◡̈
The show "Halt and Catch Fire", drama based (at first) on the early computer industry in Texas, had a character who worked at Texas Instruments on the Speak and Spell.
The reason that the voice in the modern unit is nothing like the original is that in the 21st Century, you can get gigs of computer memory in a smaller space than the 64K that the old unit was limited to, and you have plenty of room for speech samples at a much higher sampling rate. On the old unit, the built-in word list or expansion module, I believe, took up 32K of memory. The other half of the memory had to fit the program code for everything to run as well as the speech samples for the letters, "Spell," "Try," "Here is your score," "I Win," etc. They compressed it to fit in the limited memory, and it sounds robotic. The modern unit can have speech samples at CD quality or close to it, and it's much clearer, so it's easier to understand the words. I think they processed the sound digitally to make it somewhat robotic for those who remember the old unit.
A few broken filament wires in the VFD could cause one side to be dimmer than the other (depending on which direction the filaments run in). Might also be too low filament voltage with wires not getting hot enough all the way along to emit electrons. Cheers!!
Pretty cool. I still have the math, spell and read ones in my basement with the newer membrane keypad. I'll have to dig them out now to see if they still work.
I just replaced a tac switch inside a bicycle headlight that was sandwiched between two circuit boards, and there were a pair of leads/struts just like that connecting them together. Managed to get them apart, replace the button, and walk them back together; and it's all thanks to Ben Heck! For just nine easy payments, you too can learn to put tiny, poorly-thought-out gadgets back in working order!
I had a sample vf display like 15 years ago at a place I worked and I accidentally dropped it. I heard the gas slowly leak out. It still worked fine after that, so I remember thinking it was more of a life thing. Like the gas had nothing to do with individual segments, but more with the life of the product. When I say I remember, I assume I remember it because someone told me. We regularly had the rep from the display company visit us because he wanted us to use the display in our machines. So, maybe I asked him.
2:41 - That tan colored screw driver to the right. I've had the exact same one for 30 years! It was my first screw driver ever and it's still holding up strong. Surprised I haven't lost it.
The construction of the keypad and screen inside the case is very similar to TI's contemporary calculators, like the TI-30 or TI-1400. There are 13 wires connecting the keypad and display module, and then the entire assembly mostly floats free in the case. Confusion about House of Haunted Hills movies hits close to home. All I know is the '59 and '99 films are goofy fun =)
We had the 2nd gen original ones back when I was little, took them apart when they crapped themselves too... Though the math one, as I recall, we used a DC-DC adapter that SAID it was the right voltage, but wasn't (or maybe was wrong polarity) and smoked the poor thing.
That keyboard (on the 78 version) totally smacks of being a (scientific?) calculator turned sideways X2. Which makes sense since they were probably trying to make this a parts bin unit.
Ben, Is there some type of filter you can remove to make the display brighter? I did this with a bookshelf stereo that had two blue LEDs and some type of panel with dots on it to make the system look high tech and expensive. I took both this panel and the LEDs out and it's MUCH better. I wonder how E.T. would hack the 2019 speak and spell to phone home. At least keep the original sound of the 1970s speak and spell I have a speak and spell app on my phone.
If you know how to reconnect everything back together after you take it apart, you are amazing, because I'm just a computer programmer, so that's more than I can do.
I remember having on of these as a child. Sadly the unit stopped working couple days later and my parents sent it back for warranty (I guess). I never got back the replacement. But it was pretty good while it lasted.
The wired keyboard is common on consumer electronics back then. The remote control for the Jerrold TV set top boxes (1980's) had the same construction. (I was production supervisor there)
Check the filament drive. Uneven brightness of a vfd is a sign of dc filament drive (which is worsened if the filament voltage is too low). Additionally the boost converter should be providing around 30-60v for that sized multiplexed tube.
I remember those keyboards with the wires coming out the end in calculators. In case you don't take them apart. The wires are actually part of the mechanism of of the keys. That's why they didn't use ribbon cables.
As a kid I had a Speak & Maths. I don't think I learnt much maths from it, I just used to play around making it say stuff and eventually I dissembled it to see how it worked.
The VFD darkening on one side may have something to do with a DC bias, or a single AC phase. I remember screwing around with one, and the datasheet mentioning that the best method would be two opposite phase ac starting from either side (bias voltages) and one AC polarity if you didn't care about a dim side and a brighter side, and call your local rep if you wanted to use DC or squarewave from one side. Good luck!
Ben the two black marks are the getter. If the display vented these two spots will turn white because the getter will start to burn. So it isn’t a leak. You have a power issue.
Ah, brings be back to preteen tinkering me. Tore apart one of these S&S, a 6-switch Atari VCS er 2600, and somehow a Sega's earlier game console PCB ended up bisected. Honestly I didn't know about the S&S speed option. But by the time I was through exploring it was toast. I was picking up broken yellow key letters for years afterward.
Ben, if you have to replace instead of repair the VFD itself in the original machine, how would you go about that assuming you couldnt source a replacement VFD? I ask because I have an old arcade blackjack machine that uses a VFD, but it was utterly destroyed when it was being delivered to me, and I'm having no luck at all in sourcing a replacement burroughs SSD 1000-0030 My thoughts on the current VFD - Since one side of the display seems to be bright, but not as bright as it probbably should be while the other is dim, and given what I've learned about VFDs trying to solve my own problem, I would start by checking the outputs of that little step-up board. I dont think its output is enough to fully charge the grid inside the VFD which is what actually makes it light up. If the input is on the bright side, that'd make sense, since its a high voltage display the dropoff across that grid must be pretty steep? I dont think its lost its gas anyway, those black spots apparently turn white if that happens
VFD is probably OK, I'm pretty sure the filament bias voltage is out of specs. The luminosity gradient is coming from the voltage drop across the filament, so please check the inverter module. See Noritake docs, for example: www.noritake-elec.com/technology/general-technical-information/vfd-operation#vfd-operation-06
Ugh the new one. Horrible! Others may have already said, but the old unit's VFD has in-tact getters. (the black blobs inside.) Designed to suck up any air that may leak in. If they are white or gone then gas has been let in. Man's that VFD is not gassy.
The dim screen is likely from the DC-DC not giving enough voltage. TechTangents had a video on this with an old calculator. He had to change a cap or two on the DC-DC which IIRC fixed the issue.
Yeah I think it was a blackjack/calculator hybrid
I mean it’s a quarter the price and vastly more reliable. I don’t see why old men call the consolidation of components “horrible”. The worst part of this is the battery life and screen
If the VFD has two cathodes, one toward each end, that might explain the graduated brightness - if the one at the left has a dry joint or a short or something.
Didnt think you were in to EE friendo
@@novafawks yeah, been following Ben and a few other EE you tubers for a long time. Ben's casual, but incredibly deep expertise makes him very watchable
Heya Shrimp!!
Nice to see you here
Every time Ben says "you know" I'm like "no Ben, I have no clue what you're talking about, but I'm deeply intrigued nonetheless".
Haha so true
The VFD still has good vacuum. The getter (shiny coating on the inside of the glass) is still intact. I would replace all the caps on the power board and it might come back to life.
I was about to say a gassy tube would have white getter spots.
More or less my thoughts... My money would be on what looks like a grey electrolytic on the high voltage board.
Exactly. The VFD is good, the transformer is good, so there's really nothing left to have failed other than bad solder joints and dry caps.
"Spell disenfranchise! D - I - S - F ...."
I got a second laugh once I realized he stopped at the typo. 🤣🤣🤣
heard over and over again until you got the words "That is incorrect. The correct spelling is..."
🤣🤣🤣🤣
New voice sounds a little like Leonard Nimoy. It's a Spock and Spell 😁
Live long and spell...
that would be....illogical
@@sonicase I am sure there are some logic gates just laying around in there somewhere... :-)
lol i was thinking the exact same and then saw your comment 😁
_[WHEEZE]_
I wonder if ET could have phoned home with that new turd? My guess is not.
It's too advanced.
A little hard to circuit bend the new version.
The old version didn't seem like very much to work with either.
@@draconic5129 The old version was plenty bright enough , back in it's day. Even in the Australian sun.
@@draconic5129 the old one was state of the art for its time, even if there wasn’t much to it. The history behind its tech is super fascinating
I worked at the factory in 1978 where they were made. Seen thousands of them.
I have a pile of old speak n spell read and maths from back when I was into circuit bending. When I was a kid in the 80s my neighbors younger kid had one and her older brother snagged it for me so I could take it apart! I took everything apart and I had to get in and see that speech chip!
Remember, as the packaging said, the new device was designed and built "as you remembered it." That means recreating an experience people remembered, not actually trying to recreate the real experience or improving on it. This is why their LED backlighting is dim and weak and using a membrane keyboard instead of that janky button keyboard. After all, this toy isn't sold to be an educational tool, as we can design an app for tablets to do that. (Leapfrog and Amazon have much better products for this.) This toy was solely built to play on parents' nostalgic memories (just like you had when you were waxing about having one as a kid) and wishing to share that experience with their kids.
Also, my experience with Speak & Spells is rather limited. I never had one, but I remember being a preteen at the house of a family friend and bored out of my skull. They had one laying around (used and abused). So, I picked it up and toyed with it. And, yes, I tried to spell curse words on it...
The membrane keyboard was actually on the revised 80s version
On the old VFD modules (and CRTs) a common problem was that the heater would foul up over time and kick off fewer electrons. You could sometimes buy yourself more display life by increasing the heater voltage by a few percent.
If only the first couple of letters are dark, that may be uneven phosphor wear AKA burn-in.
When I was a kid, I got thrown out of the local Toys "R" Us for trying to make the display Speak & Spell say swear words.
Your presumption about the two keypad matrices is correct. They are from Texas Instruments TI-12XX (& TI-14XX...) calculator series. When introduced in 1975 all models used a 6*4 matrix of the same construction, wires and all. All calculator models in the range used the same single chip implementation; which for the time was cutting edge. Lower-end models in the series simply hid more functions behind the metal keyplate. Removing the the keyplate from your base model TI-1200 would expose the missing Change-Sign key and 4 fully functional memory keys. TI would later create a revised 5x4 version of the matrix for these lower-end models and it was this version they would go on to reuse two of in the original 1978 Speak & Spell.
The keyboard modules are totally off-the-shelf, but not industrial. TI used those EXACT SAME modules in their four-function calculators of the era.
I genuinely love knowing that the Speak & Spell keyboard was originally two calculator keyboards glued together.
The 1970s TI calculators used those wire interconnects to their keyboard pads, as the wires are the actual matrix as well.
yup! I have a couple of old 70s calculators, they do indeed...
Hey! Fancy seeing you here!
There is a way to "rejuvenate" old VFD displays, by applying a certain higher voltage on the pins. There's plenty of tutorials on UA-cam to do just that. They do it with old alfanumeric pinball displays as well. Not sure if that's a solution, but may be worth a shot?
yes. just push 9v over the emitter wires for a 5 count if i member to rejuvenate for vfd.
Likely to damage them
@@the_eminent_Joshua_E_Hrouda Not if done correctly.
Is the word 'solder' included on any of the expansion cards?
I was thinking of saying that :)
How about Aluminium?
@@VAX1970 too many letters! Only aluminum will fit on the display
ess oh dee dee ee arr
Stupid ass
I had an 80s model when I was a kid and it actually helped me to learn, unfortunately it was given away when I didn't need it anymore however I found a couple on ebay not long ago so I have it back.
I modified one to be powered from a lithium battery and i could reuse the dc connector to charge it, pretty easy and reversible mod you pretty much tack on the TP4056 module to handle the 18650 and don't need to actually modify anything on the board
The VFD is dim because the voltages going to it would be incorrect due to the crude switchless power supply failing. You need to check that first. Check the diodes on it since they are known to fail. The transistors are also known to short, but they are part of the startup oscillation so if they do fail then usually the whole unit doesn't work because the crude "flyback" (I'm using that term loosely) acts as a oscillator/feedback pulse to provide the system clock. When those transistors also fail, they usually burn up in a spectacular fashion due to the current draw. Check the capacitor on the board too since when I read mine it was so old it said the 1uF capacitor was reading a ESR of >20 uF. The VFD also operates on a negative voltage and a positive voltage rail giving you (if I recall) around 16V difference from the 6V power supply. It doesn't run at a high voltage like you suspected. The gas in the VFD would be fine still because the other segments are illuminating. Just check the voltages. If you need a spare Speak and Spell to repair yours, I have one but I cracked the "flyback" coil open to make a schematic from it since a coil was burned out in it (the enamel finally broke down and shorted) and it needs a new power supply designed using new modern components (since finding a replacement coil is impossible).
I'm just building my own z80 note at this very moment as u release this vid, I had my own boards made from your github files, hope u dont mind! Such an ace project, thanks for creating it.
I started building one too. Got it up to the insert sd card screen.
Ive been trying all day to get it to work, i finally got it sort of working. Ive altered the following in the arduino sketch...
Change 1:
//TWBR = 6; //Change prescaler to increase I2C speed to max of 400KHz
TWBR = 12; //Change prescaler for I2C speed of 250KHz
Change 2:
case 5:
//fileName[1] = 13; //Break (cntrl-C)
fileName[1] = 27; //Escape
Change 3:
void getFileName(const char *str) {
int x = 0;
for (x=0;x
@@willyarma_uk haven't got that far, just assembled, flash the micro and turned it on, I'll have to flash and insert the sd and give it a try this weekend.
@@willyarma_uk Just finished assembling mine. I noticed Ben updated the arduino files 5 days ago, flashed that and note works fine. Did freeze up on me once though.
@@RanHam I'm having terrible problems with it not loading to ram properly, I've just removed the Cypress RAM chips and replaced them with some ISSI ones and its much better but not perfect.
It could be a bad capacitor in the VFD high voltage supply. It seems to have voltage for the first digit on the right and then get dimmer as it scans across. So get out the oscilloscope.
Yes that voltage converter has a dead capacitor, the long axial capacitor most likely, used to store the -30v used in the display. The sagging voltage is why the display is dim at the one end.
I swapped it, no change.
@@BenHeckHacks Then likely the VFD is losing emission. Low filament voltage will do that.
@@BenHeckHacks I have a modern Futaba dot-matrix character VFD in some high-end audio gear dating to about 2010. After years and years of use, the least-used pixels are the brightest, and the most-used pixels are the dimmest.
Like screen burn on a monochrome CRT or plasma display.
My guess: The phosphor coating is becoming NFG. It goes from left to right, because the left-most segments are the most-used and the right-most characters are the least-used.
This is because displaying user input goes from left to right.
@@blarggggg Looks like that to me as well. Probably increasing the filament voltage a bit or the anode voltage would make it brighter.
I've been waiting my whole life to see Ben Heck with a Speak & Spell.
Edit: Please turn it into a synthesizer.
ua-cam.com/video/JnaFHuWGylI/v-deo.html
I stumbled across this video. I watched it and loved it. I am just now seeing that this is Ben Heck!!! I used to love watching your videos back in the day. Glad I found your channel.
Long time lurker, first comment. You’re a riot to watch. Absolutely no doubt we’re the same age, ET is the first movie I remember seeing in the theatre too. Trip down memory lane watching your videos.
You put a lot more effort in to this than the '8-bit Guy'. A LOT.
He's not a hardware guy.
Board edge connectors were a common practice, it’s a free connection. I still place them on PCBs even though it’s a lot of surface mount design.
"That is Incorrect, the correct spelling is.......C.O.L.O.R" No!! I live in europe, it's Colour!! This always got me as a kid :)
These things were good at teaching you amercian, not english.
There are 2 verson of english there is lazy american and the queens
@@colgatefreshmint As if! British English is incredibly lazy, with no rules and not pronouncing things the way they are spelled. American English is based on making things (more) consistent and following rules.
And don't get me started on the British mangling of foreign words. If you want to talk lazy (and insensitive and inconsiderate), start there. "Chili" has one "L", *NOT* two!
@@awo1fman What's up with British "Alluminum"?
I think Canada uses colour as well. Learning any dialect of English has to be pretty difficult. English has rules, but then later changes it's mind. I before E, except if your Irish!
Back in my TRS80 days, I had a Speak and Spell which I modified to connect to the TRS80 to act as a phonetic speech unit. The hand solder may be been where some ribbon cable was connected to do similar mod.
Brilliant. This episode is up there with the Nintendo cabinet you did. Thank you so much
The reveal on the key matrix holding it in got an audible "Oh jeeze!" out of me.
I used one of those at my english classes here in Spain when I was a kid. So nostalgic!
Fantastic! Can’t wait for the repair of the old one! Def want to see some modding if possible of either
I remember Xmas day ‘84, I had my speak & spell. Good times!
Ben: "I can make speak and spell portable"
Everyone Else, Literally Everyone Else: "Umm, Ben, It's already portable" "there, there's a handle on top" :)
Make it PORTABLE-ER!
@@BenHeckHacks : Adding another handle?
=O>
@@BenHeckHacks you could make it pocket sized, it would be easier to use the newer one but cooler to use the older one.
Me: "You mean a Speak & Spell Compact? Because that's actually already a thing too."
@@BenHeckHacks Please do a wrist watch version! And sell it to me!
I didn't have one of these as a kid, my talking device/toy of choice was a "Talking Computron" which did all the spelling and math in just one toy. I even had two book + cartridges to go with it!
Like a CRT, VFDs are phosphor based devices. The filaments emit electrons, and the character masks block or pass the flow of electrons to the segments, which are phosphor coated.It is possible for a VFD to simply suffer phosphor burn in over time. Fortunately, that 8 character VFD isn't an uncommon part.
I was poking around with the 2019 speak. I can briefly get some lower pitch stuff if I run a wire from -v to the resistor near the blob R1 and the flash chip. Really frustrating how these new toys aren't so bendy.. why do think we want them ?
I can still hear its voice saying "A E I O U" from all those times playing hangman.
"A B C D E F G I WILL KILL YOUR FAMILY" ua-cam.com/video/NoCIF6Pz7Xs/v-deo.html
I enjoy watching your videos and listening to your commentary- in this video you sound a lot like Bill Murray back on SNL
When experimenting with VFD I read that using DC across the filament of the VFD can cause one side to be brighter, maybe the boost circuit is only outputting DC? We picked up one of those in the early 90's with a speech defect, it was lots of fun to play with!
So that's why the circuit benders are always looking for the vintage models. The new one are far less hackable.
This whole video makes me think of Halt and Catch fire where the wife worked at TI. And their kids had a Speak n Spell.
Ben, if you figured out a way to drive that speech synthesis chip I'd be overjoyed! A singing speak and spell or something would be absolutely incredible
John Madden.
It’s not quite that simple sadly, though you can create a custom rom expansion card if you do a little reverse engineering, the ROM data is incredibly simple, but you’d have to record your own PCM words-it won’t use the original voice :(
@@kanpaifighto true, it would be super challenging. I’m not really hoping for him to get it to properly speak words, I just think it might be fun if he got it making some garbled noises
07:44 I know... I can make Speak & Spell Portable. Heheh!
I have a hypothesis about the VFD.
I have a Sony C20 Betamax and the bottom line of some characters on the VFD have faded.
I note that they were the most used segments. On this Speak 'n' Spell, there will be more 4, 5 or 6 letter words than 7 or 8 and it's the first 5/6 characters that are faded.
Could it be that, over time, the elements/segments of the characters burn out with use?
I'm from Iran and I enjoyed that joke way more than appropriate😂🤣😂🤣
Keep up being awesome🤘🤘🤘
Wow, Ben Heck in my city, eating our steaks. Glad you enjoyed it!
Sir, I'm not here for any specific interest in the Speak & Spell but my love of Texas Instruments after supporting the TI-99/4A for 40 years. I was surprised to not see a chip numbered with TMS5200. This is the first time I've seen a Speak & Spell opened. The additional speech cartridges were planned for the TI Speech Synthesiser but very few have a port, but they do all have a hinged flap where the cartridges would go.
I never knew the Speak & Spell supported them too! 👍🏻🙂
Someone's never seen E.T.
I love how excited you are getting over wired in keys 😂 good vid man
Please post a video of the VFD repaired, I'd like to see that 78 greatness come back to life.
In this day and age, the electronics to do a Speak & Spell are so much more compact than they were 40 years ago. There was a Speak & Spell Compact that was smaller, but the Basic Fun machine is only as big as it is because it's made to be a true replica with the speaker, display, and keyboard being true to the original design.
There's also the Touch & Tell...I had one but I had only one program sheet with it and no cartridges. Still very popular in special education settings.
Using solid wire for board-to-board connectors was a very common technique in Texas Instruments products at the time.
E.T. was one of the first movies that I ever watched in a theater where the line to get in was wrapped around the building. It's also one of the earliest movies that I remember seeing. Prior to that, I do remember seeing Airplane at a drive-in while sitting in the back of my dad's Pinto.
So nostalgic, that display.
VFD are basically vacuum tube with a fluorescent anode like CRT or tuning indicator on old radio. Typical voltages are 1.5V for the filament (directly heated cathode) and 25V for grids and anodes. (Sometime more with for multiplexing)
Thought there was a negative voltage as well. It's been a while since I played with VFDs.
@@lelandclayton5462 The control grid of normal tubes are biased negatively
Very interesting stuff. I didn't know there was a new version. The three wires were down to the original using two halves of speech. In circuit bending this could be hacked to produce stereo sound. What you saw in ET was basically circuit bending before it became a thing. Those keypads are like what's in TI calculators.
The 2 speech chips were needed as TI apparently wasn't making a rom big enough to hold all the speech data. I think you can also modify it to switch these 2 lines to the speaker on and off, to effectively only get part of a word spoken. Great fun to bend these things. Thank you Reed Ghazala !
The old one is sick! If you do a repair video on it, I would love to see it. Cool video Ben
Ah, same sort of chip is in the Speech synthesizer module for my TI994a computer! I love that thing; was my first computer and it still works last I checked.
On the 1978 version, TI saved money by using a speaker with a center tapped coil. This way the output of the chip could have two positive outputs referenced to ground, one of them representing the positive part of the waveform, and one representing the negative part of the waveform (except inverted, of course). That way they could drive the speaker without having to add circuitry to either have a power amplifier, or a positive and negative rail voltage. It also doubled the effective resolution of the ADC, by having it repeat on each half (albeit with horrible zero cross distortion). Later versions replaced the speaker with a standard speaker, and drove the output through a center tapped transformer.
I was 6 in 1979 I am 47 now lol
That is how math works, yes. Thank you for that
Me too.
How veteran :v
I would pay serious money to support a project to faithfully emulate these from their original rom code. You criticize the cheap construction, but they were WONDERFUL toys and amazing technology for the 70s. Speak and Math was my favorite. EDIT: Oh goodness! The MAME project has done exactly this. Technology is wonderful. ◡̈
yay! A new Ben video on one of my favorite toys to mod!
The show "Halt and Catch Fire", drama based (at first) on the early computer industry in Texas, had a character who worked at Texas Instruments on the Speak and Spell.
Your videos give me hope whenever you post one
The reason that the voice in the modern unit is nothing like the original is that in the 21st Century, you can get gigs of computer memory in a smaller space than the 64K that the old unit was limited to, and you have plenty of room for speech samples at a much higher sampling rate. On the old unit, the built-in word list or expansion module, I believe, took up 32K of memory. The other half of the memory had to fit the program code for everything to run as well as the speech samples for the letters, "Spell," "Try," "Here is your score," "I Win," etc. They compressed it to fit in the limited memory, and it sounds robotic. The modern unit can have speech samples at CD quality or close to it, and it's much clearer, so it's easier to understand the words. I think they processed the sound digitally to make it somewhat robotic for those who remember the old unit.
A few broken filament wires in the VFD could cause one side to be dimmer than the other (depending on which direction the filaments run in). Might also be too low filament voltage with wires not getting hot enough all the way along to emit electrons. Cheers!!
I loved this video, thank you for the time and effort you put into that, i always wanted to see whats underneath.
i magined to write onto my sd cards and it has stayed there for years...all hail the mighty BIC
Pretty cool. I still have the math, spell and read ones in my basement with the newer membrane keypad. I'll have to dig them out now to see if they still work.
I just replaced a tac switch inside a bicycle headlight that was sandwiched between two circuit boards, and there were a pair of leads/struts just like that connecting them together. Managed to get them apart, replace the button, and walk them back together; and it's all thanks to Ben Heck! For just nine easy payments, you too can learn to put tiny, poorly-thought-out gadgets back in working order!
I had a sample vf display like 15 years ago at a place I worked and I accidentally dropped it. I heard the gas slowly leak out. It still worked fine after that, so I remember thinking it was more of a life thing. Like the gas had nothing to do with individual segments, but more with the life of the product. When I say I remember, I assume I remember it because someone told me. We regularly had the rep from the display company visit us because he wanted us to use the display in our machines. So, maybe I asked him.
2:41 - That tan colored screw driver to the right. I've had the exact same one for 30 years! It was my first screw driver ever and it's still holding up strong. Surprised I haven't lost it.
Who wants Ben to make an improved Speak & Spell?
The 1978 model I have is the membrane keyboard. The 80's models had the chiclet keys. The raised keys were the upgrade.
The construction of the keypad and screen inside the case is very similar to TI's contemporary calculators, like the TI-30 or TI-1400. There are 13 wires connecting the keypad and display module, and then the entire assembly mostly floats free in the case.
Confusion about House of Haunted Hills movies hits close to home. All I know is the '59 and '99 films are goofy fun =)
We had the 2nd gen original ones back when I was little, took them apart when they crapped themselves too... Though the math one, as I recall, we used a DC-DC adapter that SAID it was the right voltage, but wasn't (or maybe was wrong polarity) and smoked the poor thing.
Can't wait to see how you fix/replace the screen on the original Speak and Spell.
That was a really fun video. Good stuff.
That keyboard (on the 78 version) totally smacks of being a (scientific?) calculator turned sideways X2. Which makes sense since they were probably trying to make this a parts bin unit.
I believe one of my favorite arcade games Gauntlet uses these chips for the speech. That’s why I clicked the video haha
Ben, Is there some type of filter you can remove to make the display brighter? I did this with a bookshelf stereo that had two blue LEDs and some type of panel with dots on it to make the system look high tech and expensive. I took both this panel and the LEDs out and it's MUCH better.
I wonder how E.T. would hack the 2019 speak and spell to phone home. At least keep the original sound of the 1970s speak and spell
I have a speak and spell app on my phone.
If you know how to reconnect everything back together after you take it apart, you are amazing, because I'm just a computer programmer, so that's more than I can do.
I remember having on of these as a child. Sadly the unit stopped working couple days later and my parents sent it back for warranty (I guess). I never got back the replacement. But it was pretty good while it lasted.
I had a Speak & Spell, Speak & Read, and Speak & Math back in the 80s. Spell was always the original and best.
The wired keyboard is common on consumer electronics back then.
The remote control for the Jerrold TV set top boxes (1980's) had the same construction. (I was production supervisor there)
I had a 2XL with the high tec 8 trac tapes. loved it
Ben, please mod this modern POS! Breathe some coolness into it! 😎
Speak & Spell mini "HECK Edition"?🤔
Check the filament drive. Uneven brightness of a vfd is a sign of dc filament drive (which is worsened if the filament voltage is too low). Additionally the boost converter should be providing around 30-60v for that sized multiplexed tube.
Screw: I have been here for generations I have watched families rise and fall what makes you think you will remove me from my holding?
Ben: screw you!
I remember those keyboards with the wires coming out the end in calculators. In case you don't take them apart. The wires are actually part of the mechanism of of the keys. That's why they didn't use ribbon cables.
As a kid I had a Speak & Maths. I don't think I learnt much maths from it, I just used to play around making it say stuff and eventually I dissembled it to see how it worked.
The VFD darkening on one side may have something to do with a DC bias, or a single AC phase. I remember screwing around with one, and the datasheet mentioning that the best method would be two opposite phase ac starting from either side (bias voltages) and one AC polarity if you didn't care about a dim side and a brighter side, and call your local rep if you wanted to use DC or squarewave from one side. Good luck!
I have the new speak & spell and I do like it.
Had an original one as a kid in the 70's. I was 13 in 1978.
I wish I would have known you were in Houston!!!!!!! I would have tried to get you to sign my ti 84 or something lol
I was there for like 11 whole hours haha. Maybe next time!
Ben the two black marks are the getter. If the display vented these two spots will turn white because the getter will start to burn. So it isn’t a leak. You have a power issue.
Ah, brings be back to preteen tinkering me. Tore apart one of these S&S, a 6-switch Atari VCS er 2600, and somehow a Sega's earlier game console PCB ended up bisected. Honestly I didn't know about the S&S speed option. But by the time I was through exploring it was toast. I was picking up broken yellow key letters for years afterward.
Ben, if you have to replace instead of repair the VFD itself in the original machine, how would you go about that assuming you couldnt source a replacement VFD?
I ask because I have an old arcade blackjack machine that uses a VFD, but it was utterly destroyed when it was being delivered to me, and I'm having no luck at all in sourcing a replacement burroughs SSD 1000-0030
My thoughts on the current VFD - Since one side of the display seems to be bright, but not as bright as it probbably should be while the other is dim, and given what I've learned about VFDs trying to solve my own problem, I would start by checking the outputs of that little step-up board. I dont think its output is enough to fully charge the grid inside the VFD which is what actually makes it light up. If the input is on the bright side, that'd make sense, since its a high voltage display the dropoff across that grid must be pretty steep?
I dont think its lost its gas anyway, those black spots apparently turn white if that happens
VFD is probably OK, I'm pretty sure the filament bias voltage is out of specs. The luminosity gradient is coming from the voltage drop across the filament, so please check the inverter module.
See Noritake docs, for example: www.noritake-elec.com/technology/general-technical-information/vfd-operation#vfd-operation-06
was there ever a follow up on the replacement screen, just wondering. love the videos thanks for all the hard work