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Fact: all traffic on Ho Chi Min trail was expendable decoys, because the VC were running troops and equipment hundreds of yards on either side of the trail to avoid bombings and strafing. The VC command weren't idiots and the US wasted billions of dollars bombing nothing more than a line on a map. Read 'The Old Man's Trail's by Major Tom Campbell. Great book .
I remember first hearing of Igloo White reading a Readers Digest article in about 1974 (obviously fed from DoD PR) and thinking "Holy fork! Thus is really clever". The next year I learned of the existence of ARPAnet which the had (I think) 27 nodes. My whole subsequent professional career has been built around netwoking, data exchange, interoperability and analysis for environmental governance, addressing "developing countries" needs and capabilities DARPA's technologies did not change my (professional ) world but helped to define it. Thanks for the swords-to-ploughshares reminder.
@@PRH123 I beg to differ. The public internet (son of ARPAnet) is very much a ploughshare. Not perfect but certainly transformative and IMHO immensely beneficial. Likewise, remote environmental monitoring - particularly in open oceans - data integration and modeling
@@mickwilson99 you may consider ARPAnet to be a plowshare but it is very much a two -edged sword. While it affords you access to data it also collects data about you. The President of the United States from 2020 to 2024 declared opposition to his policies to be “radical”. A German Jew of the 1930s might have considered his life to be an open book; by the 1940s he likely wished his book was not so open, as national policies turned against him. The same scenario exists in the US in the year 2024. Do your interests include astronomy, birdwatching, stamp collecting, RC models? If a three-letter US agency decides such people are possibly a national threat, the data can easily be compiled, and your name could end up on a watchlist as a person of interest.
You may beg to differ, but my previous comment in contradiction was a deleted by Google/UA-cam. I cannot state an opposing viewpoint. That’s not a plowshare.
If you've ever wondered why the U.S. cut short Apollo program and kept manned spaceflight within Earth orbit decades, a huge reason was the money we spent on the Vietnam war.
if you've ever wondered why the us cut short [any X spending for the good of americans and/or the world], a huge reason was the money spent on [ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWYZ war]
My first experience with ARPA (DAR PA {ARPA} [DARPA]) Was a demonstration in 1990 at the Air Force Advanced Technology facility at Wright, Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio of aRPANET, recently re-christened to the Internet. I was the representative of the tech pub firm for which I worked, as no one else in the company was interested in the invitation. We were introduced to the mindbending technology of clicking an icon on one computer desktop, being connected to another computer and Arizona, then clicking on another icon and being connected to a computer in Florida. This technology was a defense against the possibility of the annihilation of American cities by Russian nuclear bombs and preserving the ability to communicate vital data. None of us could conceive that the ultimate value of this new Internet invention would be the proliferation of cat videos. Thank you, ARPA - DARPA- ARPA - DARPA. 😂
The original and sole purpose of ARPANET was to save money. The U.S. federal government had been funding mainframe computers for various universities that were doing work for the Department of Defense. More and more universities were asking for computers, but the cost was becoming prohibitive. The solution was to connect the computers in a network and provide time-shared access to places that didn't have on-site computers. The idea of redundancy in the event of enemy attack was an afterthought and not considered realistic.
The best way I’ve ever heard agencies like DARPA and their influence on daily life explained was like this: Look at your phone and think about how much of your life revolves around it today - most of the tech in your phone, from the touch screen to the GPS, biometrics, and the internet, had its provenance in a defense project
@@dongately2817 That is the argument for supporters of all manner of things, like NASA, but it just isn't true. PCs, smart phones, etc all came out of technology companies for civilian use...period. yes, the internet got started because of ARPA, but that was the universities creating it. Believe what you wish, but that doesn't make it true.
I never knew that IBM 360 mainframes were used in this role. I was an IBM Systems Programmer & this was the first mainframe computer I worked on in the UK for an oil exploration company.
My first part time job was in an IBM 360/50 machine room working Friday nights. Card readers, printers, card sorters, card inking machines, disk and tape readers. The noise is still a memory. Fun times. I still recognize JCL and have some old card decks.
@@WilliamHarbert69Old computers should be put in tech museums in working order. They are a treasure of historical technology. Staff should be able to demonstrate their operations as well. Great future jobs for tech retirees.
@@trojanthedogthat would be too logical. It’s infinitely preferable to destroy all legacy data systems (along with lots of inconvenient evidence). It also saves the planet (right?). THEN you can just “model” old systems in totally faithful emulators without those pesky cards or tape drives.
Look up some of his old videos. He use to be sponsored by company that made those shirts. Look up the hovercraft video. Madcap shirts, from Atom retro.
Funny how nobody asks how the Cong got that information. It didn't come to them in a dream. It most likely came to them from Soviets who were reading our messages. How did they do that? John Walker providing them with the cypher keys.
@@Skank_and_Gutterboy That's not how it works, in the first place he gave up US Naval encryption keys, the program this video discusses was not run by the Navy and as such no intelligence from or about it would have been traveling along Navy channels in Navy messages. US intelligence security is set up smarter than for one single cipher code to be used for every single message, and other agencies/branches are kept in the dark about thing's they don't run and aren't involved in running, that way they can't be talking about something in the first place that a security problem in their house could possibly compromise, that's security procedures 101, give them a little more credit than that, come on, knowing that there's always the possibility that there's someone, who despite all the screening processes it takes to get in that deep, who can snap one day and decide they're going to turn, people are humans, they get mad at their bosses for repeatedly being turned down for promotions while the bosses friends and suck up's get those promotions along with a thousand other reasons that can cause people to turn, so they don't have thing's set up in a way that one person can give up a single code that allows someone access to every single thing that's a secret, even in that particular branch, even if the Russian's had the cipher codes to anything and everything US Navy this wasn't a Navy project so they wouldn't have been sending information about it through Navy communications, and even then there's security steps put in place so they're not blabbing about everything under the sun, there's always thing's that are expressly forbidden to be talked about in communications like that, information that's only to be hand delivered from one set of eyeballs to the next. So no, they wouldn't have had anything about this because of Walker.
Did you miss the part where this was the first use of technology that's led to today's modern electronic battlefield? What do hich I don't know if you've paid attention to or not works and works well. But by your logic when the first attempt at a car came out like a Model T instead of like one of today's F1 cars they should have just given up on the whole idea of cars. Here's a better example, the US's bombing campaign of WW2 was the first time in history anyone ever attempted pinpoint accurate bombing from high altitude, it's because they never gave up on the quest for pinpoint accuracy that today there's GPS bombs and laser guided bombs that can fly through a window they're so accurate, and had they given up on the concept like many said they should have when the first bomb they dropped didn't land in a pickle barrel none of those modern truly pinpoint bombs would exist.
@@dukecraig2402 the modern battlefield is also over-engineered and then cheap Chinese drones start to decimate soldiers in Ukraine (on both sides) and the expensive military gear is suddenly made much less relevant than the military industrial complex could have ever imagined possible.
@@vaakdemandante8772 You couldn't possibly be more wrong with everything you just claimed, you really should stop getting your information from comments in UA-cam videos, like yours here because that narrative couldn't possibly be more incorrect, matter of fact you've actually reinforced what I said. First thing is you thinking that drones are something new, they're not they were just called UAV's by the military all along, matter of fact they were a product of this program, watch the video again and you'll see that. But an even bigger mistake on your part is the narrative that some how or the other they've rendered thing's obsolete, like what? Tell me exactly what it is that was "over engineered" and that drones have rendered obsolete. And what you're the most wrong about is believing that what's being used in Ukraine is the same cheap Chinese drones you can buy at Walmart, why is it that as soon as the news started talking about drones being used to drop grenades in trenches that have soldiers sleeping in them guy's like you immediately believed, and started spreading around all over, that they're $50 Chinese made drones like the kind you can buy at Walmart? Because they're no where near being "cheap Chinese" made drones being used in Ukraine, the most expensive drone you can buy at Walmart costs around $2,000 and it can't lift ¼th the weight of a typical grenade, the cheapest drones they're using in Ukraine for any kind of offensive role is around $15,000, I don't know how guy's like you have gotten it in your heads that the drones being used in Ukraine are the same drones you see on the shelf at Walmart but they're not, and they haven't made anything obsolete, what they've done is make the use of drones on the battlefield more common, once again drones have already been there, and put the controls in the hands of troops instead of some guy half way around the world. And they've simply added a new dimension to things, they haven't made anything obsolete or rendered anything useless
There is a lot, that is very eye opening, to come out of that war. And none of it is pretty. And today, it's like nothing was ever learned. It's all happening again and again.
10:33 uh... i knew a guy who was there man. He was an ac130 gunner. He saw them smoking as they drove their trucks using his thermal sight. It wasn't just bombs from up high, the airforce had used gun ships, they flew low relative to the mountain tops. maybe later in the war. He did earn his distinguished flying cross in the mountains of cambodia. Edit I checked his citation It says laos and it was called a recon mission... an ac130 on a recon mission. I still think it was cambodia, Nixon secret war and all. Anyways, the citation says he got more than a dozen trucks on that one mission. He went on quite a missions and it's kinda hard to miss when you're shooting artillery and machine guns straight down into a valley. The real lesson is that killing and destruction doesn't win wars. Regardless of your sci fi weapons
For a moment, I thought the guy in the thumbnail was holding a fish and trying to load it into an artillery gun or something, like he was about to shoot the poor fish. I was like, "What kind of DARPA project is that?" Then I noticed it’s actually some kind of rocket. idk, maybe I should just go get some sleep
I clicked because i thought DARPA had came up with some awesome camouflage pattern. Turns out its just a missile similarly sized to the rocket mike Obama carries around in "her" trousers
I suggest anyone living in a house, flat or apartment put your address into a secure browser and have a look at all the listings that popped.. I think you will be shocked and amazed at the information that is out there😮 Floor plans, old photo and very detailed descriptions... Real estate agents and their companies are piranhas for information..
@@Gurumeierhansdon't kid yourself, there is no way to monitor "cp ./file ./copy_of_file", they just copy the data somewhere else, there is zero compliance enforcement
I have the antenna base from on of the sensors with the plastic and wire antenna with the tips cutoff. I picked it up while in the Army at Ft. Belvoir out of a dumpster along with a bunch of discarded project paperwork. Plus, a half duffle bag of cables from the old IBM 360 that were being replaced by IBM 370. Ft. Belvoir was the Engineer school where a lot of the design studies leading to the production ready designs for industry to produce.
That has to be one of the most accurate predictions out there, nearly 50 years later and we now have quadcopters correcting artillery fire almost exactly as described
Very informative as usual. Regarding the Ho Chi Minh trail, my understanding was that weather weapons were used somewhat successfully when it was flooded and caused the deaths of many. This may have been basic cloud seeding but apparently effective. On another subject, when it comes to databrokers and the services that promise to get your data scrubbed, I can't help thinking this is akin to paying protection money to the mafia. It looks like we will have no choice though. Just as with VPNs and ad blockers these days.
Someone will always be making them by the millions in secret, if everyone agrees not to use them. I just hope it is us rather than the other guys. In some ways, it is better to have drones vs drones. In others, it is worse. Much easier for politicians to start wars, if they don't have to worry about soldier casualties, and the angry parents. But being this isolated from your casualties, can make people happy about all those slaughtered on the other side. Human life is precious, and wars are temporary, and death is not. There won't be anyone to shake hands from the sides 40 years later, just mass graves. The reality is that one side will run out of drones first, and if humans were off the table in the beginning, they would not be then. One side is going to lose their people if they don't surrender, or if surrender is not accepted. Things are what they are. We are going to need underground cities, as long as there are blustering conceited ideological politicians. Or pure lunatics listening to sycophants. Get good AI leadership, then maybe. I am not saying "one world government" or anything. Various AIs in different countries who know peace is better than war and can think complex thoughts. It is simple minds who turn quickly to military force. That and people who read all the goofy history of the past and what made people "great" back then. 98% of the people exalted 600+ years ago were exalted for military conquests, the vast majority of which involved looting, sadistic murder, and rape. This is still a problem in places where they have no one to point to who did anything actually notable in the last few hundred years. Sorry, this is a rambling mess. I have a temperature from the second Shingles vaccine, I got yesterday.
Don’t say that in front of a Frenchman; for some reason they think they invented the public internet, alongside a single Swiss engineer/scientist they employed. Attempting to explain the difference between them making a single building secure internal intranet, with communication between buildings/networks solely with removable storage. With using the public phone system w/ and encrypted digital signal, spanning multiple continents, and connecting the White House with NATO HQ in Europe. Then sharing a dumbed-down separate version for University students & researcher at colleges around the world. Well, then only ends with *angry French noises*
@@GoatPopsicle Technically the internet is built from the packet switching by the British government network, the internet protocol suite of ARPANET and a French model of what a network is (OSI) OSI was written to be the abstract standard for what a network is in the 70s. In the 80s everybody started to converge and connect their networks and in the 90s IPv4, a somewhat X.200 compliant internetworking standard became dominant over X.25. Over the next 40 years IP and the internet became more and more conceptually X.200 compliant. This process is still ongoing. So, who invented the internet? Western Software Engineers. _We_ invented the internet. Not America. Not Britain. Not France. Us guys and gals in universities. And you have NO idea how super boring it would be to actually go into. Like, only the most turbo nerds are into this stuff (hello)
With Klaus Fuchs it should also be noted that he also benefited the British nuclear bomb effort as well..... I thought you were going to talk about ARPANet... which became the Internet we know today....
Instead of the firing squad, he got offered a 'get-out-of-jail-free' card with the British and extended his life expectancy. Thousands of others were executed for far less, than what this individual did.
Remember that Britian gave their atomic knowledge to the USA - who had the material capability to make the bomb. There was an understanding that the USA share the research back to Britian. However once the bomb had been made - the USA tore up the agreement with Britain and refused to share the atomic research. Britain was NOT amused by this betrayal of the USA.
@@cyrilio CERN did not invent the Internet, or ARPAnet, But it did invent the http protocol and the worldwide WEB, which was a service On the Internet at the time, which up until that time was not available to the public. The lnternet involved overtime. From ARPAnet, which was a project started by. The United States advance research project agency that was part of the United States Department of defence about 1969..
5:48 they also figured out a way to enter the vietnam war in the first place lol it involved a coup with a certain president who, lets just say, lost his head🙃
Thanks, Paul, for reminding us of ARPA/DARPA and the technologies that were invented to move the military and science forward. Once again, the Gov't has to spend when there is no incensitive for private industry to use their own money.
Tesla's self driving cars came out of a DARPA challenge. One of their really difficult problems that had a million dollar prize if I remember correctly.
General Westmoreland's comment could be right out of the battlefield in Ukraine today. It really is astounding in 100 years we went from horses used in the Great War to drones and satellite imagery.
I've taken part in a DARPA project pitch meeting held by a private consultant, with a DARPA slide deck and talking points. It was about hemostasis using advanced technical means*, and there were a handful of relevant companies in the audience. Let's say the project aims truly were ambitious, with some desired features being only just allowed by physics. Our company respectfully declined. * Being vague here intentionally, although it was a long time ago.
One thing DARPA and the General couldn't foresee was the fact that civilian drones that cost a tiny fraction of their military counterparts would be used in warfare and ANYONE would have the resources and ability to field them. They can gather live intel with video and direct artillery and bombs. And more importantly, they can themselves be bombs or bombers. Dropping grenades and shells on enemy targets. They are also closing in on being used as medevac and anti-tank mine deployers.
@@Brett323 The use of consumer drones on the battlefield? I don't think they even consider that drones woukd be available to civilian at all, just like at the time home PCs were not conceived of yet. I think DARPA and General Westmoreland was impressively accurate in their technology foresight, but it shouldn't be taken too far as if they could foresee almost everything. Their vision was achieved in the 1990s with predator drones and GPS and satellites. They weren't thinking or even dreaming about a $130 Walmart drone dropping a bomb to destroy couple million dollars worth of tank.
@@Brett323 The use of consumer drones on the battlefield? I don't think they even consider that drones woukd be available to civilian at all, just like at the time home PCs were not conceived of yet. I think DARPA and General Westmoreland was impressively accurate in their technology foresight, but it shouldn't be taken too far as if they could foresee almost everything. Their vision was achieved in the 1990s with predator drones and GPS and satellites. They weren't thinking or even dreaming about a $150 Walmart drone dropping a bomb to destroy couple million dollars worth of tank.
@@Brett323 The use of consumer drones on the battlefield? I don't think they even consider that drones woukd be available to civilian at all, just like at the time home PCs were not conceived of yet. I think DARPA and General Westmoreland were impressively accurate in their technology foresight, but it shouldn't be taken too far as if they could foresee almost everything. Their vision was achieved in the 1990s with predator drones and GPS and satellites. They weren't thinking or even dreaming about a $150 Walmart drone dropping a bomb to destroy couple million dollars worth of tank.
@BrettCarisio The use of consumer drones on the battlefield? I don't think they even consider that drones woukd be available to civilian at all, just like at the time home PCs were not conceived of yet. I think DARPA and General Westmoreland was impressively accurate in their technology foresight, but it shouldn't be taken too far as if they could foresee almost everything. Their vision was achieved in the 1990s with predator drones and GPS and satellites. They weren't thinking or even dreaming about a $150 Walmart drone dropping a bomb to destroy couple million dollars worth of tank.
Battlefield monitoring in practical terms has only occurred relatively recently despite billions being paid on systems over the years The proliferation of drone technology in the Ukraine-Russia war is a perfect example. Drones are used for battlefield observation and artillery fire control to provide capability and accuracy unheard of even 5 years ago. The 'official' battlefield monitoring systems paid for by the US and Western nations have nothing on the capacity of regimental or brigade-level drone teams to observe and dominate their areas of operation.
I'm not sure what your source was for the name "DARPA" originating in 1972, but it is incorrect, since I worked on a Defense Department secret project in 1967 that was absolutely reporting/monitored by DARPA; that was the first time I had heard of it so I distinctly remember it.
And yet while this is all true, the war in Ukraine today and the war in Vietnam were more determined by action that resembles the First World War more so than the most advanced and modern technologies we envisioned.
No, Eisenhower intentionally delayed launching a satellite because it was not yet clear if "airspace" extended well into space. The fear is that if we launched, then the Soviets would claim we were violating their airspace. So, the plan was to make a "civilian" agency, and have them launch in a couple years with some benign satellite, rather than the clearly tied to the military one headed by Von Braun in Georgia. They had already launched a rocket that the math showed would have gone into orbit if it was aimed differently. And those guys who launched it knew it. They did not understand why they were not allowed to send the next one into orbit. The powers that be, knew all about the Russian rocket well before launch. They were happy when the Russians launched, because they would then have no grounds to protest US satellites. We kept up the charade for a while, with rushed rockets by the NASA team. But eventually, the rocket that did orbit was the one that could have done it all along. The only utility Eisenhower saw for the things was reconnaissance, and he loved reconnaissance. This is because he did not want a bloated military, but did want one capable of defeating any foe, especially the Soviets. No one seems to have had that good judgment since. It all became absurd spending and bloat. No one could challenge Eisenhower and lie about Russian capabilities. Well, until Sputnik. Eisenhower kept his mouth sealed. Never let on what was really going on. Just smiled to all the questions, looking like an idiot. And took it to the grave, like the good soldier he was. Kennedy got elected largely on the false common misunderstanding. He is the first President to get the benefit of those secret satellites ordered by Eisenhower, well before Sputnik.
The IBM Computers that were used in Thailand 1968, as stated the IBM 360 Mainframe. 1968 this was a professional business computer, and would have nothing close to the processing power of cellphone today. What these engineers accomplished in 1968 with available Technology is commendable. loitering turbojet powered drones linked to local mainframe computers for command and control. Lots of brilliant people working for the Government.
Well now that we have the technology I wonder if something like this actually exist could you imagine dropping cluster bombs across the battlefield that would be micro sentinels? Sounds good to me.
It's kind of incredible they decided to plow ahead, and ultimately was succesfull with a working nuclear bomb, considering the complete bafflement they must have felt once realizing they couldn't go with the handcrank design they originally had envisioned.
Great video. In my twenties I was lucky enough to work for the MoD PE, which had some of the same objectives but without the funding or brand management! Having said that it was a fascinating environment whose impact is largely overlooked. It would be lovely to see its role remembered.
something about the freedom to waste so much taxpayer money (enriching many military complex vendors) on ridiculous projects to fight unjust wars.... helps define how corrupt hegemon states are :( and while i ofcourse love the internet, i despise the surveillance state.
Vietnam war shows that technology doesn't compensate for stupidity of leaders (Westmoreland, McNamara). Westmoreland was moved in a area where he could do less harm. He was advised by all not to make a classical campaign in mountains covered with jungle. McNamara recuited low intelligence people to compensate for lack of troops. These people "McNamara morrons" created more problems because they shoot by mistake their own comrades. It is an interesting book regardin "McNamara mortons". Also McNamara shortened the service at 6 months ensuring that the troops will never gain experience.
I got at least one good investment idea after learning about a DARPA research project in the 1980s. It took 30 yrs to come to fruition, but paid off. And paying attention to the journey from lab to products was instructive. Only recommended if you’re in your twenties!
@@Ubique2927 Politicians never win wars or lose wars, they just get voted out of office. It's the soldiers that lose the least or lose the most and always are the lost souls after the battle is over. The world always loses when there is a war. And we are the 'most lost' world, at this current point and time.
@@David-yo5ws You have no idea what you are talking about. The politicians set stupid rules of engagement, refused to let the Airforce bomb targets, refused to let the Army attack vital enemy positions and lots more. In Iraq and Afghanistan more absolutely diabolical rules of engagements were set that allowed terrorists to sit in positions killing US and British soldiers without being taken out because they were within 100m of a mosque that was being used as an ammo dump!!!
Did DARPA speed up the development of technology? I thourght they developed it and kept it secret, we didn't see significant drone development till the 2000s, not from the 1970s.
Project Igloo White. Cost in today's money. If we use the price of gold. that $2.7 Billion in 1966 ($35 a troy ounce) would be the equivalent of $192 Billion today ($2500 a troy ounce in 2024)
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Can you please, Speak about "ADE 651" , incredible 100M on nothing and style use
2:55 we need video about that walker
Fact: all traffic on Ho Chi Min trail was expendable decoys, because the VC were running troops and equipment hundreds of yards on either side of the trail to avoid bombings and strafing. The VC command weren't idiots and the US wasted billions of dollars bombing nothing more than a line on a map. Read 'The Old Man's Trail's by Major Tom Campbell. Great book .
It's a sobering thought that 1984 was 40 years ago. I wonder what George Orwell would say, if he could observe life in 2024?
Most of their current efforts are aimed at the American people.
I remember first hearing of Igloo White reading a Readers Digest article in about 1974 (obviously fed from DoD PR) and thinking "Holy fork! Thus is really clever". The next year I learned of the existence of ARPAnet which the had (I think) 27 nodes. My whole subsequent professional career has been built around netwoking, data exchange, interoperability and analysis for environmental governance, addressing "developing countries" needs and capabilities
DARPA's technologies did not change my (professional ) world but helped to define it.
Thanks for the swords-to-ploughshares reminder.
Still remember when the web went public and the fbi site was a search by case number utility
Those swords are still swords, nobody started producing plows
@@PRH123 I beg to differ. The public internet (son of ARPAnet) is very much a ploughshare. Not perfect but certainly transformative and IMHO immensely beneficial. Likewise, remote environmental monitoring - particularly in open oceans - data integration and modeling
@@mickwilson99 you may consider ARPAnet to be a plowshare but it is very much a two -edged sword. While it affords you access to data it also collects data about you. The President of the United States from 2020 to 2024 declared opposition to his policies to be “radical”. A German Jew of the 1930s might have considered his life to be an open book; by the 1940s he likely wished his book was not so open, as national policies turned against him. The same scenario exists in the US in the year 2024. Do your interests include astronomy, birdwatching, stamp collecting, RC models? If a three-letter US agency decides such people are possibly a national threat, the data can easily be compiled, and your name could end up on a watchlist as a person of interest.
You may beg to differ, but my previous comment in contradiction was a deleted by Google/UA-cam.
I cannot state an opposing viewpoint.
That’s not a plowshare.
If you've ever wondered why the U.S. cut short Apollo program and kept manned spaceflight within Earth orbit decades, a huge reason was the money we spent on the Vietnam war.
Moon landing was fake, tricked everyone to try to fool the Soviets
if you've ever wondered why the us cut short [any X spending for the good of americans and/or the world], a huge reason was the money spent on [ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWYZ war]
Good investment, look st what happens to the losers in war...@@alveolate
Its probably because they simply arent capable of pulling off another huge lie like "playing golf on the moon", a short film by Kubrick 😂
@@Snarf_Le_Wombati mean Kubrick was probably used to win the space race but they still went to the moon.
My first experience with ARPA (DAR PA {ARPA} [DARPA]) Was a demonstration in 1990 at the Air Force Advanced Technology facility at Wright, Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio of aRPANET, recently re-christened to the Internet. I was the representative of the tech pub firm for which I worked, as no one else in the company was interested in the invitation. We were introduced to the mindbending technology of clicking an icon on one computer desktop, being connected to another computer and Arizona, then clicking on another icon and being connected to a computer in Florida. This technology was a defense against the possibility of the annihilation of American cities by Russian nuclear bombs and preserving the ability to communicate vital data. None of us could conceive that the ultimate value of this new Internet invention would be the proliferation of cat videos.
Thank you, ARPA - DARPA- ARPA - DARPA. 😂
The original and sole purpose of ARPANET was to save money. The U.S. federal government had been funding mainframe computers for various universities that were doing work for the Department of Defense. More and more universities were asking for computers, but the cost was becoming prohibitive. The solution was to connect the computers in a network and provide time-shared access to places that didn't have on-site computers. The idea of redundancy in the event of enemy attack was an afterthought and not considered realistic.
They didn't call it the Arpanet in the early years (but then changed the name to "The Internet + Milnet" later) for no reason ...
The best way I’ve ever heard agencies like DARPA and their influence on daily life explained was like this:
Look at your phone and think about how much of your life revolves around it today - most of the tech in your phone, from the touch screen to the GPS, biometrics, and the internet, had its provenance in a defense project
To know how the world works just look into a few cia projects that they pulled on their own citizens without consent
@@dongately2817 That is the argument for supporters of all manner of things, like NASA, but it just isn't true. PCs, smart phones, etc all came out of technology companies for civilian use...period. yes, the internet got started because of ARPA, but that was the universities creating it. Believe what you wish, but that doesn't make it true.
Your Videos are always so great! You also have a knack for picking the most interesting of Subjects!!
I never knew that IBM 360 mainframes were used in this role. I was an IBM Systems Programmer & this was the first mainframe computer I worked on in the UK for an oil exploration company.
16 mips, 4 MB main & 8MB auxillary Magnetic core storage & that was running all the processing for 3 oil companies & 2 major high street chains.
My first part time job was in an IBM 360/50 machine room working Friday nights. Card readers, printers, card sorters, card inking machines, disk and tape readers. The noise is still a memory. Fun times. I still recognize JCL and have some old card decks.
@@WilliamHarbert69Old computers should be put in tech museums in working order. They are a treasure of historical technology. Staff should be able to demonstrate their operations as well. Great future jobs for tech retirees.
Yo IBM MAXIMO SUCKS fix that trash!
@@trojanthedogthat would be too logical. It’s infinitely preferable to destroy all legacy data systems (along with lots of inconvenient evidence). It also saves the planet (right?). THEN you can just “model” old systems in totally faithful emulators without those pesky cards or tape drives.
That shirt would be hard to keep a secret.
Bro I want one!
@@bdrenfro me too!
Those wild shirts, are his trademark. His wardrobe probably glows in the dark !
Dude.... The man ain't been able to hire a hooker since 1973.
Look up some of his old videos. He use to be sponsored by company that made those shirts. Look up the hovercraft video. Madcap shirts, from Atom retro.
9:58 - Airstrikes against buckets of urine - the U.S. over-engineered military effort in a nutshell.
Funny how nobody asks how the Cong got that information. It didn't come to them in a dream. It most likely came to them from Soviets who were reading our messages. How did they do that? John Walker providing them with the cypher keys.
@@Skank_and_Gutterboy
That's not how it works, in the first place he gave up US Naval encryption keys, the program this video discusses was not run by the Navy and as such no intelligence from or about it would have been traveling along Navy channels in Navy messages.
US intelligence security is set up smarter than for one single cipher code to be used for every single message, and other agencies/branches are kept in the dark about thing's they don't run and aren't involved in running, that way they can't be talking about something in the first place that a security problem in their house could possibly compromise, that's security procedures 101, give them a little more credit than that, come on, knowing that there's always the possibility that there's someone, who despite all the screening processes it takes to get in that deep, who can snap one day and decide they're going to turn, people are humans, they get mad at their bosses for repeatedly being turned down for promotions while the bosses friends and suck up's get those promotions along with a thousand other reasons that can cause people to turn, so they don't have thing's set up in a way that one person can give up a single code that allows someone access to every single thing that's a secret, even in that particular branch, even if the Russian's had the cipher codes to anything and everything US Navy this wasn't a Navy project so they wouldn't have been sending information about it through Navy communications, and even then there's security steps put in place so they're not blabbing about everything under the sun, there's always thing's that are expressly forbidden to be talked about in communications like that, information that's only to be hand delivered from one set of eyeballs to the next.
So no, they wouldn't have had anything about this because of Walker.
Did you miss the part where this was the first use of technology that's led to today's modern electronic battlefield? What do hich I don't know if you've paid attention to or not works and works well.
But by your logic when the first attempt at a car came out like a Model T instead of like one of today's F1 cars they should have just given up on the whole idea of cars.
Here's a better example, the US's bombing campaign of WW2 was the first time in history anyone ever attempted pinpoint accurate bombing from high altitude, it's because they never gave up on the quest for pinpoint accuracy that today there's GPS bombs and laser guided bombs that can fly through a window they're so accurate, and had they given up on the concept like many said they should have when the first bomb they dropped didn't land in a pickle barrel none of those modern truly pinpoint bombs would exist.
@@dukecraig2402 the modern battlefield is also over-engineered and then cheap Chinese drones start to decimate soldiers in Ukraine (on both sides) and the expensive military gear is suddenly made much less relevant than the military industrial complex could have ever imagined possible.
@@vaakdemandante8772
You couldn't possibly be more wrong with everything you just claimed, you really should stop getting your information from comments in UA-cam videos, like yours here because that narrative couldn't possibly be more incorrect, matter of fact you've actually reinforced what I said.
First thing is you thinking that drones are something new, they're not they were just called UAV's by the military all along, matter of fact they were a product of this program, watch the video again and you'll see that.
But an even bigger mistake on your part is the narrative that some how or the other they've rendered thing's obsolete, like what? Tell me exactly what it is that was "over engineered" and that drones have rendered obsolete.
And what you're the most wrong about is believing that what's being used in Ukraine is the same cheap Chinese drones you can buy at Walmart, why is it that as soon as the news started talking about drones being used to drop grenades in trenches that have soldiers sleeping in them guy's like you immediately believed, and started spreading around all over, that they're $50 Chinese made drones like the kind you can buy at Walmart? Because they're no where near being "cheap Chinese" made drones being used in Ukraine, the most expensive drone you can buy at Walmart costs around $2,000 and it can't lift ¼th the weight of a typical grenade, the cheapest drones they're using in Ukraine for any kind of offensive role is around $15,000, I don't know how guy's like you have gotten it in your heads that the drones being used in Ukraine are the same drones you see on the shelf at Walmart but they're not, and they haven't made anything obsolete, what they've done is make the use of drones on the battlefield more common, once again drones have already been there, and put the controls in the hands of troops instead of some guy half way around the world.
And they've simply added a new dimension to things, they haven't made anything obsolete or rendered anything useless
That was an excellent video. I had never heard a word about the electric sensor fence in Vietnam. Very eye-opening.
There is a lot, that is very eye opening, to come out of that war. And none of it is pretty. And today, it's like nothing was ever learned. It's all happening again and again.
There was also TurdSID...
10:33 uh... i knew a guy who was there man. He was an ac130 gunner. He saw them smoking as they drove their trucks using his thermal sight. It wasn't just bombs from up high, the airforce had used gun ships, they flew low relative to the mountain tops. maybe later in the war. He did earn his distinguished flying cross in the mountains of cambodia.
Edit
I checked his citation
It says laos and it was called a recon mission... an ac130 on a recon mission. I still think it was cambodia, Nixon secret war and all. Anyways, the citation says he got more than a dozen trucks on that one mission. He went on quite a missions and it's kinda hard to miss when you're shooting artillery and machine guns straight down into a valley.
The real lesson is that killing and destruction doesn't win wars. Regardless of your sci fi weapons
For a moment, I thought the guy in the thumbnail was holding a fish and trying to load it into an artillery gun or something, like he was about to shoot the poor fish. I was like, "What kind of DARPA project is that?" Then I noticed it’s actually some kind of rocket. idk, maybe I should just go get some sleep
It was a fish. They were experimenting with ways to keep the front line guys resupplied with fresh food. 😜
I saw an umbrella at first 😂
Obligatory "John Oliver's salmon cannon skit" reference
I clicked because i thought DARPA had came up with some awesome camouflage pattern. Turns out its just a missile similarly sized to the rocket mike Obama carries around in "her" trousers
"Just once. None of the other herring would do it after what happened with the first one." - Betty White (as Rose on the Golden Girls)
First video of yours I have watched in a while. Well done! Very well done!
So good to see you looking healthy! Another fantastic video, Paul, thank you.
04:14 yes YOU yourself can request that they delete your data...but they are going to say NO.
I suggest anyone living in a house, flat or apartment put your address into a secure browser and have a look at all the listings that popped.. I think you will be shocked and amazed at the information that is out there😮 Floor plans, old photo and very detailed descriptions...
Real estate agents and their companies are piranhas for information..
So how do these companies ensure the data is actually deleted? Very fishy
Not in the EU, where they have to delete it at your request
In the "down under" they just laugh at the request..
@@Gurumeierhansdon't kid yourself, there is no way to monitor "cp ./file ./copy_of_file", they just copy the data somewhere else, there is zero compliance enforcement
I have the antenna base from on of the sensors with the plastic and wire antenna with the tips cutoff. I picked it up while in the Army at Ft. Belvoir out of a dumpster along with a bunch of discarded project paperwork. Plus, a half duffle bag of cables from the old IBM 360 that were being replaced by IBM 370. Ft. Belvoir was the Engineer school where a lot of the design studies leading to the production ready designs for industry to produce.
Great video. I’d love to see more from a series on other DARPA initiatives. Cheers
That has to be one of the most accurate predictions out there, nearly 50 years later and we now have quadcopters correcting artillery fire almost exactly as described
Very informative as usual. Regarding the Ho Chi Minh trail, my understanding was that weather weapons were used somewhat successfully when it was flooded and caused the deaths of many. This may have been basic cloud seeding but apparently effective.
On another subject, when it comes to databrokers and the services that promise to get your data scrubbed, I can't help thinking this is akin to paying protection money to the mafia. It looks like we will have no choice though. Just as with VPNs and ad blockers these days.
This video's are fantastic. Very informative, engaging and no nonsense. Great work!
how about delete these bots
Yes! Verily!!
Remember when we feared AI would go Skynet on us?
I sometimes miss those days.
Beep
Boop
I’m still waiting for Incogni or DeleteMe to be available in Australia
Someone will always be making them by the millions in secret, if everyone agrees not to use them. I just hope it is us rather than the other guys. In some ways, it is better to have drones vs drones. In others, it is worse. Much easier for politicians to start wars, if they don't have to worry about soldier casualties, and the angry parents. But being this isolated from your casualties, can make people happy about all those slaughtered on the other side. Human life is precious, and wars are temporary, and death is not. There won't be anyone to shake hands from the sides 40 years later, just mass graves. The reality is that one side will run out of drones first, and if humans were off the table in the beginning, they would not be then. One side is going to lose their people if they don't surrender, or if surrender is not accepted.
Things are what they are.
We are going to need underground cities, as long as there are blustering conceited ideological politicians. Or pure lunatics listening to sycophants.
Get good AI leadership, then maybe. I am not saying "one world government" or anything. Various AIs in different countries who know peace is better than war and can think complex thoughts. It is simple minds who turn quickly to military force. That and people who read all the goofy history of the past and what made people "great" back then. 98% of the people exalted 600+ years ago were exalted for military conquests, the vast majority of which involved looting, sadistic murder, and rape.
This is still a problem in places where they have no one to point to who did anything actually notable in the last few hundred years.
Sorry, this is a rambling mess. I have a temperature from the second Shingles vaccine, I got yesterday.
...thanks go to all our Patreons for *their* ongoing support... 😉
Thanks Paul for the DARPA deep dive. DARPA has been an amazing success
First thing I think when I hear DARPA is the internet itself.
Don’t say that in front of a Frenchman; for some reason they think they invented the public internet, alongside a single Swiss engineer/scientist they employed.
Attempting to explain the difference between them making a single building secure internal intranet, with communication between buildings/networks solely with removable storage. With using the public phone system w/ and encrypted digital signal, spanning multiple continents, and connecting the White House with NATO HQ in Europe. Then sharing a dumbed-down separate version for University students & researcher at colleges around the world. Well, then only ends with *angry French noises*
We all know it was Al Gore. 😂
@@GoatPopsicle
Technically the internet is built from the packet switching by the British government network, the internet protocol suite of ARPANET and a French model of what a network is (OSI)
OSI was written to be the abstract standard for what a network is in the 70s.
In the 80s everybody started to converge and connect their networks and in the 90s IPv4, a somewhat X.200 compliant internetworking standard became dominant over X.25.
Over the next 40 years IP and the internet became more and more conceptually X.200 compliant. This process is still ongoing.
So, who invented the internet?
Western Software Engineers.
_We_ invented the internet.
Not America.
Not Britain.
Not France.
Us guys and gals in universities.
And you have NO idea how super boring it would be to actually go into.
Like, only the most turbo nerds are into this stuff (hello)
Metal Gear...
@@MostlyPennyCat I mean can you recommend a book/lecture series etc which covers the development history involving UK France and ofcourse US?
With Klaus Fuchs it should also be noted that he also benefited the British nuclear bomb effort as well.....
I thought you were going to talk about ARPANet... which became the Internet we know today....
Instead of the firing squad, he got offered a 'get-out-of-jail-free' card with the British and extended his life expectancy. Thousands of others were executed for far less, than what this individual did.
Remember that Britian gave their atomic knowledge to the USA - who had the material capability to make the bomb. There was an understanding that the USA share the research back to Britian.
However once the bomb had been made - the USA tore up the agreement with Britain and refused to share the atomic research.
Britain was NOT amused by this betrayal of the USA.
@@David-yo5wsHe enabled brutal dictators... stupid selfish man 😪 Mao and Beria happened because Soviets got nukes
I thought CERNs effort resulted in the internet as we know it today. Or did ARPANet also take part in the CERN network?
@@cyrilio CERN did not invent the Internet, or ARPAnet, But it did invent the http protocol and the worldwide WEB, which was a service On the Internet at the time, which up until that time was not available to the public. The lnternet involved overtime. From ARPAnet, which was a project started by. The United States advance research project agency that was part of the United States Department of defence about 1969..
Fascinating.
I'd LOVE to see more video's like this, looking at ARPA and what other projects they brought.
superier qualty in your videos.
Thank You…
5:48 they also figured out a way to enter the vietnam war in the first place lol it involved a coup with a certain president who, lets just say, lost his head🙃
Wow i didn't realize lithium batteries were that old already!!
Great video, as always! Learned something new.
Great video, Paul...👍
That was an uncreditable video... Thank you! Never knew most of that!
True DARPA speak "uncreditable"!!
Thanks, Paul, for reminding us of ARPA/DARPA and the technologies that were invented to move the military and science forward. Once again, the Gov't has to spend when there is no incensitive for private industry to use their own money.
excellent hidden history... i point you to high altitude long loitering craft.
Tesla's self driving cars came out of a DARPA challenge. One of their really difficult problems that had a million dollar prize if I remember correctly.
Thinking that it took place in 60/70s it's truly amazing...
Extremely good video. Prescision commentary. Thanks.
great video! Keep em coming please!
What a banger of a video
It's thanks to DARPA we have the TCP/IP network protocol suite which makes the Internet possible.
“… or even beyond our technical abilities …” is a contradictio in terminis 😂
Ok, I'll do it. Thank you DARPA
General Westmoreland's comment could be right out of the battlefield in Ukraine today. It really is astounding in 100 years we went from horses used in the Great War to drones and satellite imagery.
I've taken part in a DARPA project pitch meeting held by a private consultant, with a DARPA slide deck and talking points. It was about hemostasis using advanced technical means*, and there were a handful of relevant companies in the audience. Let's say the project aims truly were ambitious, with some desired features being only just allowed by physics. Our company respectfully declined.
* Being vague here intentionally, although it was a long time ago.
One thing DARPA and the General couldn't foresee was the fact that civilian drones that cost a tiny fraction of their military counterparts would be used in warfare and ANYONE would have the resources and ability to field them.
They can gather live intel with video and direct artillery and bombs.
And more importantly, they can themselves be bombs or bombers. Dropping grenades and shells on enemy targets.
They are also closing in on being used as medevac and anti-tank mine deployers.
I'm pretty sure they could see it if they were looking that further along.
@@Brett323
The use of consumer drones on the battlefield? I don't think they even consider that drones woukd be available to civilian at all, just like at the time home PCs were not conceived of yet.
I think DARPA and General Westmoreland was impressively accurate in their technology foresight, but it shouldn't be taken too far as if they could foresee almost everything. Their vision was achieved in the 1990s with predator drones and GPS and satellites. They weren't thinking or even dreaming about a $130 Walmart drone dropping a bomb to destroy couple million dollars worth of tank.
@@Brett323
The use of consumer drones on the battlefield? I don't think they even consider that drones woukd be available to civilian at all, just like at the time home PCs were not conceived of yet.
I think DARPA and General Westmoreland was impressively accurate in their technology foresight, but it shouldn't be taken too far as if they could foresee almost everything. Their vision was achieved in the 1990s with predator drones and GPS and satellites. They weren't thinking or even dreaming about a $150 Walmart drone dropping a bomb to destroy couple million dollars worth of tank.
@@Brett323
The use of consumer drones on the battlefield? I don't think they even consider that drones woukd be available to civilian at all, just like at the time home PCs were not conceived of yet.
I think DARPA and General Westmoreland were impressively accurate in their technology foresight, but it shouldn't be taken too far as if they could foresee almost everything. Their vision was achieved in the 1990s with predator drones and GPS and satellites. They weren't thinking or even dreaming about a $150 Walmart drone dropping a bomb to destroy couple million dollars worth of tank.
@BrettCarisio
The use of consumer drones on the battlefield? I don't think they even consider that drones woukd be available to civilian at all, just like at the time home PCs were not conceived of yet.
I think DARPA and General Westmoreland was impressively accurate in their technology foresight, but it shouldn't be taken too far as if they could foresee almost everything. Their vision was achieved in the 1990s with predator drones and GPS and satellites. They weren't thinking or even dreaming about a $150 Walmart drone dropping a bomb to destroy couple million dollars worth of tank.
Fascinating!
Battlefield monitoring in practical terms has only occurred relatively recently despite billions being paid on systems over the years
The proliferation of drone technology in the Ukraine-Russia war is a perfect example. Drones are used for battlefield observation and artillery fire control to provide capability and accuracy unheard of even 5 years ago.
The 'official' battlefield monitoring systems paid for by the US and Western nations have nothing on the capacity of regimental or brigade-level drone teams to observe and dominate their areas of operation.
I'm not sure what your source was for the name "DARPA" originating in 1972, but it is incorrect, since I worked on a Defense Department secret project in 1967 that was absolutely reporting/monitored by DARPA; that was the first time I had heard of it so I distinctly remember it.
Darpa is behind the advancement of prothetic limbs, and means to produce then affordably.
And yet while this is all true, the war in Ukraine today and the war in Vietnam were more determined by action that resembles the First World War more so than the most advanced and modern technologies we envisioned.
More videos like this, please!
Thank you
Darpa and mit went hand in hand according to Noam I think
"According to Noam" Lol
The slow start to the US space program can probably be traced to initial efforts being split between the army and navy.
No, Eisenhower intentionally delayed launching a satellite because it was not yet clear if "airspace" extended well into space. The fear is that if we launched, then the Soviets would claim we were violating their airspace. So, the plan was to make a "civilian" agency, and have them launch in a couple years with some benign satellite, rather than the clearly tied to the military one headed by Von Braun in Georgia. They had already launched a rocket that the math showed would have gone into orbit if it was aimed differently. And those guys who launched it knew it. They did not understand why they were not allowed to send the next one into orbit. The powers that be, knew all about the Russian rocket well before launch. They were happy when the Russians launched, because they would then have no grounds to protest US satellites. We kept up the charade for a while, with rushed rockets by the NASA team. But eventually, the rocket that did orbit was the one that could have done it all along. The only utility Eisenhower saw for the things was reconnaissance, and he loved reconnaissance. This is because he did not want a bloated military, but did want one capable of defeating any foe, especially the Soviets. No one seems to have had that good judgment since. It all became absurd spending and bloat. No one could challenge Eisenhower and lie about Russian capabilities. Well, until Sputnik. Eisenhower kept his mouth sealed. Never let on what was really going on. Just smiled to all the questions, looking like an idiot. And took it to the grave, like the good soldier he was. Kennedy got elected largely on the false common misunderstanding. He is the first President to get the benefit of those secret satellites ordered by Eisenhower, well before Sputnik.
So this is the US equivalent of wonder weapon
very interesting topic 😊
Arpanet became the Internet.
If we had been able to deploy LiDar during the Vietnam War,I believe that conflict would've ended differently.
Fascinating that Westmoreland got it utterly right.
5:15 Delete me ad SKIP
You are doing God's work, madam.
The IBM Computers that were used in Thailand 1968, as stated the IBM 360 Mainframe.
1968 this was a professional business computer, and would have nothing close to the processing power of cellphone today.
What these engineers accomplished in 1968 with available Technology is commendable.
loitering turbojet powered drones linked to local mainframe computers for command and control.
Lots of brilliant people working for the Government.
Very interesting, never heard about that. Now with DSP and low power electronics , it could still be a thing.
Do the huge neutrino detectors they are building have a hidden defense purpose?
Of course my horse! Don't tell anyone, ok? 🤫
Probably able to detect someone setting off nukes.
Well now that we have the technology I wonder if something like this actually exist could you imagine dropping cluster bombs across the battlefield that would be micro sentinels? Sounds good to me.
Don't think I've ever heard even a hint of Igloo White!
It's kind of incredible they decided to plow ahead, and ultimately was succesfull with a working nuclear bomb, considering the complete bafflement they must have felt once realizing they couldn't go with the handcrank design they originally had envisioned.
Was that the beard of doom rocket being held in the thumbnail, pointy on top
First heard about DaRPa in Metal Gear Solid on the Playstation. Thought it was fictional
How cool it must've been to find out that it really exists. And actually is something that changed the world through the technologies they developed.
Where do you get those beautiful shirts
Great video. In my twenties I was lucky enough to work for the MoD PE, which had some of the same objectives but without the funding or brand management! Having said that it was a fascinating environment whose impact is largely overlooked. It would be lovely to see its role remembered.
10:01 I need one of those for my Arduino.
something about the freedom to waste so much taxpayer money (enriching many military complex vendors) on ridiculous projects to fight unjust wars.... helps define how corrupt hegemon states are :( and while i ofcourse love the internet, i despise the surveillance state.
Interesting thank you
'Igloo White's back when code names were still code names instead of 'dude what would sound so cool for this but also totally give away the goal'
2:55 Metal Gear?!
yeah that's it lol
This title is misleading. The video is really vague on the ARPA history and does focus on only one case in Vietnam.
When I hear it I start wondering why the DARPA Chief died of a heart attack right in front of me!
When I hear DARPA, I think of Shadow Moses and the DARPA Chief.
Thanks.
Whatever happend to EXACTO? It seemed pretty awesome.
Vietnam war shows that technology doesn't compensate for stupidity of leaders (Westmoreland, McNamara). Westmoreland was moved in a area where he could do less harm. He was advised by all not to make a classical campaign in mountains covered with jungle. McNamara recuited low intelligence people to compensate for lack of troops. These people "McNamara morrons" created more problems because they shoot by mistake their own comrades. It is an interesting book regardin "McNamara mortons". Also McNamara shortened the service at 6 months ensuring that the troops will never gain experience.
Another excellent video. You do quality work.
They could use 1 billion to pay some local informants to tell them when Vietcong is coming
I thought you were going to talk about arpanet. You know, the foundation of the internet.
Interesting !!
Wrong. When they hear 'DARPA' most think of the black guy in the prison cell in Alaska, that turned out be an octopus.
2:03 LETS GET BUSY
I'm with you OJ. God must be a Dabbler!
I got at least one good investment idea after learning about a DARPA research project in the 1980s. It took 30 yrs to come to fruition, but paid off. And paying attention to the journey from lab to products was instructive. Only recommended if you’re in your twenties!
Why didn't they just do what Batman did in The Dark Knight and hack into all the Viet Cong cell phones.
And they still lost the war.
The politicians lost the war.
@@Ubique2927 the American people lost a war against a bunch of communist subsistence farmers.
@@Ubique2927 Politicians never win wars or lose wars, they just get voted out of office. It's the soldiers that lose the least or lose the most and always are the lost souls after the battle is over. The world always loses when there is a war. And we are the 'most lost' world, at this current point and time.
@@David-yo5ws
You have no idea what you are talking about.
The politicians set stupid rules of engagement, refused to let the Airforce bomb targets, refused to let the Army attack vital enemy positions and lots more.
In Iraq and Afghanistan more absolutely diabolical rules of engagements were set that allowed terrorists to sit in positions killing US and British soldiers without being taken out because they were within 100m of a mosque that was being used as an ammo dump!!!
@@David-yo5ws
I suppose you would have let Hitler just take over the world. Until a storm trooper came through your front door that is.
Did DARPA speed up the development of technology? I thourght they developed it and kept it secret, we didn't see significant drone development till the 2000s, not from the 1970s.
14 billion has to prove itself..... not like Track and Trace, 34 billion ..
They also came up with Agent Orange.
Most probably think of its contributions to the modern internet rather than killer robots?
Igloo white didnt work the Vietnamese knew not to go any where near it and they could spot it from a mile off.
So... why are countries borders still open? 🤔
You know why
Goodnight everyone. (Nsa I'm speaking to you)
My DARPA brain implant is tingling
Project Igloo White. Cost in today's money. If we use the price of gold. that $2.7 Billion in 1966 ($35 a troy ounce) would be the equivalent of $192 Billion today ($2500 a troy ounce in 2024)