This old world has been through more cultures of people than anyone will ever be able to discover. (Look at where we're at now, people trying to erase others history.)
That giant tunneling wheel (seen at 6;17) is not uses in mining opperations, and certainly not in1914! Kind of an important detail since it is used for the clipbait!
I’ve definitely heard a “sky quake” before. It’s super trippy. I have absolutely no idea what caused it and I wasn’t alone. It was wild. It made me think of biblical passages in Revelations about “trumpets” sounding to usher in the end times.
When i was younger we were near an AFB and often heard sonic booms. It was surprising and a bit scary at first but once we understood what it was, it bacame something we found to be exciting and we would look forward to...
Good job as usual. I was disappointed with the lack of coverage for the tunnels under the Bosnian pyramids that have been dug out, and well documented.
What would be cool would be if you added some links to the information you are referrencing about the tunnels. This video might have not mentioned it but you have the chance to pass on the information to those who watch it and read the comments. 👍👍
I keep saying this, because Dearest Katrina is one of the very few narrators who consistently get the pronunciations right. I know she does her homework & must ask others how to say names & places properly & she rarely slips up. I get very cross with some commentors who only write to criticise, id love to see them try & read a list of foreign names & places with not only the correct pronunciation but with the accompanying accent to boot! Ignorant buffoons! Well done Katrina for another brilliant video.
I find it ironic how this constuction has basically a normal laying of blocks which can be copied today, and the slightly older constucted build such as the Great Pyrimids, can not be dupicated today. Apprently, if it was actually humans that built both, something happened to cause building techniques to go backwards.
Yes! The sound started in the year 2012 spring about 11ish and a year or two later at midnight the horn sounds. Also, sounds underground like boom boom? Now in this day of time, I don't hear these many sounds anymore. I call it the beginning of trouble times.
I saw those star link ones a couple months ago here in Western NY. It was definitely heart stopping. If the news announced they would be passing over very few saw them do it, very few people knew what they were.
FYI: Zahi Hawass is not a recommended source, (the reason he is the Former Director is shrouded in legal charges, although he managed to get them dismissed, there remains a great deal of controversy around him and the subject Were it not for his behavior and actions in the community of Archaeology, Egyptology, History, Academia, I would not bother to mention this. However it is becoming more obvious that "ethics" and "Ego" are variables in the mix. You have a Journalist Responsibility to your Viewers, please take it seriously.
You have missed the best thing about the stepped pyramid. There have been thirty thousand stone carved bowls retrieved. There is no way for us to replicate most of these.
They sometimes abandon tunnel boring machines at the completion of projects, though imaginably the thumbnail might be at the time when it breaks through. I'm specifically thinking of the Chunnel project, where they bored the three underwater tunnels with five such machines. (two big tunnels and a central narrower service tunnel). Two of the machines were entombed in short side tunnels mid English Channel. So imaginably a future archeological find of those massive cutter heads might show up in a future 'Mysteries of the ancients' type story. (A company called Robbins constructed the Chunnel tunneling machines, which I checked for reference here.)
If you're evacuating a city, you take your valuables. Leaving a city for other places, you aren't leaving your money or work behind. Yet, in a LOT of these places, there's still great amounts of gold etc left behind, even after millennia of looting, etc. Why?
Katrina darlin! how are you? great stuff, again. sure are a lot of comments putting you down for this, that, or the other thing. i don't see why they bother. must make them feel superior, somehow. probably just jealous that they aren't as popular as you. sorry, folks! i just call 'em as i see 'em. if they don't like what you post, why don't they go somewhere else and leave the rest of us in peace. i, for one, enjoy these videos very much. sometimes there are discrepancies, yes, but you never make statements as to their validity. basically, you just report findings by other persons. they are the ones making claims that are, sometimes, far out. keep up the good posts, Katrina. most of your viewers are big fans. i am, for sure!
I believe I experienced a "sky quake". Recently. It woke me up around 3:30am-ish, at 1st I thought God was yelling at me. I was tired l, but it went on for an hour.
My son called me in Nov2021 and told me to outside and look at the sky. I ran out and saw the Star Link satellites . He was in VA on the interstate and I was in North Ga. It was the wildest thing I have ever seen. It was pretty but kinda of scary not knowing what it was!
I'm curious if "Djoser" was the biblical "Joseph"? As he saved everyone by preparing before a famine and was highly esteemed a burial like this would make sense, especially the simplicity part as that would have honored Joseph's heritage. Curious.
I seen something similar to space X last year here in Tasmania but it wasn't lines like that it was dots like stars and they were in a single line and lasted for minutes looked like ships leaving or arriving lol
In SE Florida in the early 70s everyone in our neighborhood heard a weird loud sound from the sky, in retrospect it sounded like a synthesizer doing a chorus of trumpets (kinda) for about 4-5 seconds. My friend's Mom said it rattled windows and vibrated household items inside the house (I was playing outside with friends). Eventually a story circulated that it was a rare weather phenomenon. I was very young but I remember it happening, it became a sort of non-event and I think most people forgot about it. I kinda think "some weather occurrence we don't yet understand." makes sense as I was outside and saw no aircraft or anything at the time.
I've heard the "sky quake" noises multiple times in Renton, Wa. I've spent alot of time researching what it was. The only explanation that sounds believable is sky quake. I've also found other people who have heard them and couldn't explain what they were. It's a very weird experience. When I heard them, it has mostly been at night.
@@garyballard179 Certain frequencies can be resonated by material as long as the frequency of the material matches the frequency of the sound. Maybe it isn't gunshots, but a house may have a certain frequency that can resonate with a sound, even if it's not very loud.
@@tyblu7667 And that has absolutely nothing to do with this. What shakes the house is a shockwave - short, hard physical blasts like you'd get from an explosion or an impact. It happened two times at my old house, where my family lived for 16 years. Sounded and felt like something has struck the house. Nothing there. No planes in the vicinity - and it didn't feel like a sonic boom, anyway (military aircraft routinely flew overhead.) No buildup - just a quick kinetic impact.
So didn't Osmanagich finally get a dig permit and in like less than a day later is streaming him walking through a lower hallway in one of the "hills"?
My daughter saw one a few weeks ago, it was not starlink. It was round in yjr middle but it had wings. It moved faster and was as big in relation to an airliner. They exist. She saw it in the evening while it was still light
I have never heard a sky quake here in the UK. I'm sure I would remember if I did, at 67 thats 6 decades of silence in the skies except for the usual thunder storms which are frequent on this little sea bound island.
I caught the Starlink sats. Early one morning at first glance I thought we were getting invaded by aliens.. LMAO ROFLMAO.. I downloaded the space station app which allows you to follow all the overflights of objects currently in orbit. LMAO
I have experienced a skyquake at 1st I thought it was a Sound barrier breakage but there were no jets or contrails in the sky it was in the sky it was clear and blue there were no planes
Sky quakes are a new thing, relatively recent. The closest to them, was the sonic booms we used to hear, when pilots flew really fast, trying to break the speed of sound.
@@traekas7228 I really have no idea what I was hearing, I thought there was a brass section of a band practicing near my elementary school but when I ran around the corner to see if any cars were parked near it, none. My theory is that condensation while evaporating cooled down in the open sky but a high frequency wind blew through that patch causing it to vibrate and produce a sound similar to brass. That's just my take on it though
As for sky quakes: unlikely of natural origins. Unless anyone older than 30 can say they heard of this growing up. Im a senior, prior to the last decade, I never heard about this phenomena.
After listening to what you said about the Bosnian pyramids, I've happily decided to unsubscribe to your channel. There was obviously no proper research done on the subject, so god only knows how much of the rest of your spiel is factual...
Amen to that. I found it equally insulting that she would pander to the disinformation campaign started by the department of Egyptian antiquities. Thanks! I, too will be ending my frustration and unsubscribing.
Why all that ...... is regarded as MYSTERY ? People of that time, did not have TV, radio, internet, magazines.... , so they had a plenty of time for doing stuff, rather than checking things out - like we do, and they had alllllot of STONES arround. NO mystery - they were just couping with boredom !
I've never heard the name skyquake but I've heard that. Northern alberta on a clear summer night. Scared me so much I slept in my truck instead of my tent.
It may have been a sky quake I heard and felt in New Hampshire years ago . When I talked about no knew anything. Some how the man on the mountain fell off a few years later .
No one will go through that much trouble to put symbols on a sword they dont themselves understand. I at least suggest it was copied from something. It has meaning we just haven't figured it out yet.
@@Marasovsgirl I doubt a popping tire could shake my house. There's no military activity or surplus gear that could shake my house, and the local private cannon doesn't shake it. I've looked for jets, but what we get is usually helicopters and slow moving bombers. Nothing that can break the sound barrier flies near my place. However, their is a minor *fault line* close by that has produced no more than 3.0 earthquakes in the past.
The smartest thing the US military ever did was, the invention of 'aliens'. That way when we look up in the sky & see something we don't understand we DON'T think, "Oh look, a secret military aircraft!" Simplely genius! 🤣
That 13th century sword engraving is of ancient viking runes if anyone feels any different about it get a picture of that sword and search viking language and ancient runes garentee that's what it is
I seen the star link last year in florida also 8 friens and I seen a glowing red spere in the sky barely moving like a helicopter but no noise then took off in a blink of an eye i have seen the same object on ufo files a few times.
This old world has been through more cultures of people than anyone will ever be able to discover.
(Look at where we're at now, people trying to erase others history.)
And "we" in our present existence have only been here for approximately 50 million years.
It's such a shame that conquering invaders destroyed the histories of too many people to count. U.S
Included 100%
Good morning everyone 🙋♂️
Have a great day guys
Morning Katrina, informative and interesting as always.
UA-cam simps...
I've truely seen it all
@@Cephal0god Wow bored and an ahole?
@@masunrise7471 that's 2 for 2 baybeeee
@@Cephal0god you could have just said yes..lol
But then I cauldnt have been able to fit "baybeeee" in the phrase like a 70s jackass
I love waking up to new videos. It's the start of a good day when Katrina joins in for morning coffee!
That giant tunneling wheel (seen at 6;17) is not uses in mining opperations, and certainly not in1914! Kind of an important detail since it is used for the clipbait!
that was why i clicked on the video too.
Had a funny feeling they didn't have that particular peice of equipment in 1914
That "cutting wheel" is used to cut through mountains when tunnels are constructed.
Hey, this is a favorite channel. You have a variety of things I like to learn about. Thank you Catrina!
I’ve definitely heard a “sky quake” before. It’s super trippy. I have absolutely no idea what caused it and I wasn’t alone. It was wild. It made me think of biblical passages in Revelations about “trumpets” sounding to usher in the end times.
When i was younger we were near an AFB and often heard sonic booms. It was surprising and a bit scary at first but once we understood what it was, it bacame something we found to be exciting and we would look forward to...
Good job as usual. I was disappointed with the lack of coverage for the tunnels under the Bosnian pyramids that have been dug out, and well documented.
What would be cool would be if you added some links to the information you are referrencing about the tunnels. This video might have not mentioned it but you have the chance to pass on the information to those who watch it and read the comments. 👍👍
I keep saying this, because Dearest Katrina is one of the very few narrators who consistently get the pronunciations right. I know she does her homework & must ask others how to say names & places properly & she rarely slips up.
I get very cross with some commentors who only write to criticise, id love to see them try & read a list of foreign names & places with not only the correct pronunciation but with the accompanying accent to boot! Ignorant buffoons!
Well done Katrina for another brilliant video.
1st love these videos keep up the good work
I find it ironic how this constuction has basically a normal laying of blocks which can be copied today, and the slightly older constucted build such as the Great Pyrimids, can not be dupicated today. Apprently, if it was actually humans that built both, something happened to cause building techniques to go backwards.
Yes! The sound started in the year 2012 spring about 11ish and a year or two later at midnight the horn sounds. Also, sounds underground like boom boom? Now in this day of time, I don't hear these many sounds anymore. I call it the beginning of trouble times.
I saw those star link ones a couple months ago here in Western NY. It was definitely heart stopping. If the news announced they would be passing over very few saw them do it, very few people knew what they were.
FYI: Zahi Hawass is not a recommended source, (the reason he is the Former Director is shrouded in legal charges, although he managed to get them dismissed, there remains a great deal of controversy around him and the subject
Were it not for his behavior and actions in the community of Archaeology, Egyptology, History, Academia, I would not bother to mention this. However it is becoming more obvious that "ethics" and "Ego" are variables in the mix.
You have a Journalist Responsibility to your Viewers, please take it seriously.
You have missed the best thing about the stepped pyramid. There have been thirty thousand stone carved bowls retrieved. There is no way for us to replicate most of these.
Why can't we replicate them?
Idiots always declare that old stonework is "impossible" for modern people to duplicate.
I was in Marina Del Rey and there were a couple of booms during the day I thought it was a explosion. The next morning the 1994 Northridge Quake hit.
🔥🔥🔥
Very Good!
Hawass would not know if his back end was on fire let alone give comment on ancient Egypt history.
his whole life is based on keeping his stories alive and unchanged.
But he can smell a tourist dollar across an ocean.
The thumbnail is a boring tunneling drill head, I'm sure that wasn't discovered in the ground as their over a millions of USD each.
I knew someone would point this out
I wondered if that was what it was, lol
i came for this comment
I believe you, although tomahawk cruse missiles cost about a million apiece also, yet we’re fans of shooting those off like 4th of July fireworks
They sometimes abandon tunnel boring machines at the completion of projects, though imaginably the thumbnail might be at the time when it breaks through. I'm specifically thinking of the Chunnel project, where they bored the three underwater tunnels with five such machines. (two big tunnels and a central narrower service tunnel). Two of the machines were entombed in short side tunnels mid English Channel. So imaginably a future archeological find of those massive cutter heads might show up in a future 'Mysteries of the ancients' type story. (A company called Robbins constructed the Chunnel tunneling machines, which I checked for reference here.)
I think the sky quakes sound so much like trumpets,like the ones described in the book of revelation and are the beginning of the end of days
I don't think the sounds are sky quakes, but they're more from Earth Plates grinding from shifting! The whole Planet is Screaming!
Thank you for sharing informative videos.
That thing in the thumbnail is a big cutter it will dig through almost anything you can think of
Where does it come from and who built it? 🤔
Does is not share resemblance to the machine used to create the modern channel tunnels?
@@khaliltheenlightenmentbomb3423 yes that’s what it is was created to do
@@khaliltheenlightenmentbomb3423 were
If you're evacuating a city, you take your valuables. Leaving a city for other places, you aren't leaving your money or work behind. Yet, in a LOT of these places, there's still great amounts of gold etc left behind, even after millennia of looting, etc. Why?
Katrina darlin! how are you? great stuff, again. sure are a lot of comments putting you down for this, that, or the other thing. i don't see why they bother. must make them feel superior, somehow. probably just jealous that they aren't as popular as you. sorry, folks! i just call 'em as i see 'em. if they don't like what you post, why don't they go somewhere else and leave the rest of us in peace. i, for one, enjoy these videos very much. sometimes there are discrepancies, yes, but you never make statements as to their validity. basically, you just report findings by other persons. they are the ones making claims that are, sometimes, far out. keep up the good posts, Katrina. most of your viewers are big fans. i am, for sure!
Evidently you don't see much...
Do you like mysterious things? 😄
No.
Skyquakes sound like construction noises
thanks katrina.
Aren't you tired of using the same shot of four people with white jackets pointing at an easel with a white tablet ?
Lmaoo
loving this episode :D
I love to watch your content.thank you so much.
Might want to be more honest, the funny part is your content is interesting even without clickbait and semi lies.
Thank you
I believe I experienced a "sky quake". Recently. It woke me up around 3:30am-ish, at 1st I thought God was yelling at me. I was tired l, but it went on for an hour.
I was staying at a friend's in the Blue mountains a few years back and nearly dropped my friends bong when it hit
Pretty interesting stuff. Thanks!
Love these videos how many more things will scientist find that they can explain
Angelic trumpets of the coming apocalypse
My son called me in Nov2021 and told me to outside and look at the sky. I ran out and saw the Star Link satellites . He was in VA on the interstate and I was in North Ga. It was the wildest thing I have ever seen. It was pretty but kinda of scary not knowing what it was!
I live in post falls Idaho and it's amazing the stuff I get to see in the night sky ☺️
Thanks!
Incredible findings..!! Thank you for the update, Origins Explained..!!
I'm curious if "Djoser" was the biblical "Joseph"? As he saved everyone by preparing before a famine and was highly esteemed a burial like this would make sense, especially the simplicity part as that would have honored Joseph's heritage. Curious.
Possibly, other sources say that Imhotep the architect of the pyramid (aka silos) in Suqqar was Joseph also second in command to the Pharaoh Djoser.
Well done Katrina.
Yay I am the first one to comment any ways I love your videos and wanna congratulate myself cause It has been two years since I am watching you♥️
You're 5th, sorry try again tomorrow
What was it they couldn’t explain about the landslide? And why did you flash a photo of a space ship during that episode?
I seen something similar to space X last year here in Tasmania but it wasn't lines like that it was dots like stars and they were in a single line and lasted for minutes looked like ships leaving or arriving lol
Skyquakes sound like the sound they put in low budget movies for monsters
I think skills migrated as people did so that's how certain patterns involving architecture may show up
Great angle to look at 🤔.
In SE Florida in the early 70s everyone in our neighborhood heard a weird loud sound from the sky, in retrospect it sounded like a synthesizer doing a chorus of trumpets (kinda) for about 4-5 seconds. My friend's Mom said it rattled windows and vibrated household items inside the house (I was playing outside with friends). Eventually a story circulated that it was a rare weather phenomenon. I was very young but I remember it happening, it became a sort of non-event and I think most people forgot about it. I kinda think "some weather occurrence we don't yet understand." makes sense as I was outside and saw no aircraft or anything at the time.
I've heard the "sky quake" noises multiple times in Renton, Wa. I've spent alot of time researching what it was. The only explanation that sounds believable is sky quake. I've also found other people who have heard them and couldn't explain what they were. It's a very weird experience. When I heard them, it has mostly been at night.
Gunshots?
@@travisgartside409
Why the hell would common gunshots shake a house?
@@garyballard179 Certain frequencies can be resonated by material as long as the frequency of the material matches the frequency of the sound. Maybe it isn't gunshots, but a house may have a certain frequency that can resonate with a sound, even if it's not very loud.
@@tyblu7667
And that has absolutely nothing to do with this.
What shakes the house is a shockwave - short, hard physical blasts like you'd get from an explosion or an impact.
It happened two times at my old house, where my family lived for 16 years. Sounded and felt like something has struck the house. Nothing there. No planes in the vicinity - and it didn't feel like a sonic boom, anyway (military aircraft routinely flew overhead.)
No buildup - just a quick kinetic impact.
So didn't Osmanagich finally get a dig permit and in like less than a day later is streaming him walking through a lower hallway in one of the "hills"?
That's what I thought too! I believe I saw the same clip you're talking about!
About the Bosnia pyramid, we had the impression that excavations on the subject has uncovered its construction details.
My daughter saw one a few weeks ago, it was not starlink. It was round in yjr middle but it had wings. It moved faster and was as big in relation to an airliner. They exist. She saw it in the evening while it was still light
Who is still watching ..
cool vid
Suggestion .. please show more of the topics pictures and video if possible instead of others. .. love the video you Channel BTW 😛
Woop love it
*uses clay to make a Yoda replica from Star Wars and dyes it forest green*
Scientists: *gasp* what a discovery!
Hi everyone ☺
Sky quakes sounds like Godzilla(example) or some hidden gaint animal that we have not discovered yet.
Sky quakes is the sound of our ozone crying out for us to give a damn. 😢
Shut up
I have never heard a sky quake here in the UK. I'm sure I would remember if I did, at 67 thats 6 decades of silence in the skies except for the usual thunder storms which are frequent on this little sea bound island.
I caught the Starlink sats. Early one morning at first glance I thought we were getting invaded by aliens.. LMAO ROFLMAO.. I downloaded the space station app which allows you to follow all the overflights of objects currently in orbit. LMAO
Woow, those 'Sky-Quakes' are crazy..! Also, is that where they got the audio for Godzilla?😜
I have experienced a skyquake at 1st I thought it was a Sound barrier breakage but there were no jets or contrails in the sky it was in the sky it was clear and blue there were no planes
I heard a skyquake when I was 12, but I thought they were called "Sky trumpets"
Sky quakes are a new thing, relatively recent. The closest to them, was the sonic booms we used to hear, when pilots flew really fast, trying to break the speed of sound.
@@traekas7228 I really have no idea what I was hearing, I thought there was a brass section of a band practicing near my elementary school but when I ran around the corner to see if any cars were parked near it, none.
My theory is that condensation while evaporating cooled down in the open sky but a high frequency wind blew through that patch causing it to vibrate and produce a sound similar to brass.
That's just my take on it though
The starlink sattelites look just like sattelites one after another...I counted over 40 last fall....
I need help figuring out what I seen fall from the sky one night and went out the next day and dug it up. This was 45 years ago when this happened
Internet around the world? Or money to companies pockets until, having no internet is against the law like car insurance
It is written backwards as in a mirror this is the key to solving what it is to be said I can see it as clear as as a bell what it says is cool
Now I know who’s responsible for India’s scammers calling me every day bugging me for my social security number. Now I know who to blame. Thank you.
They found a similar cutting machine but very old its similar.
As for sky quakes: unlikely of natural origins.
Unless anyone older than 30 can say they heard of this growing up.
Im a senior, prior to the last decade, I never heard about this phenomena.
After listening to what you said about the Bosnian pyramids, I've happily decided to unsubscribe to your channel. There was obviously no proper research done on the subject, so god only knows how much of the rest of your spiel is factual...
Amen to that. I found it equally insulting that she would pander to the disinformation campaign started by the department of Egyptian antiquities. Thanks! I, too will be ending my frustration and unsubscribing.
That, plus calling sonic booms a sky quake. They did a good job at making themselves look stupid.
Why all that ...... is regarded as MYSTERY ? People of that time, did not have TV, radio, internet, magazines.... , so they had a plenty of time for doing stuff, rather than checking things out - like we do, and they had alllllot of STONES arround. NO mystery - they were just couping with boredom !
I've never heard the name skyquake but I've heard that. Northern alberta on a clear summer night. Scared me so much I slept in my truck instead of my tent.
It may have been a sky quake I heard and felt in New Hampshire years ago . When I talked about no knew anything. Some how the man on the mountain fell off a few years later .
Nice
No one will go through that much trouble to put symbols on a sword they dont themselves understand. I at least suggest it was copied from something. It has meaning we just haven't figured it out yet.
It's part of tunneling machine. Do not fool all the people all the time.
Awass is a criminal, been charged with trafficking in egyptian artefacts.
The sword found in a UK river is nordvic viking.
Theres a place in avar valley that you can see the little green balls of light do what they do at night all year.
On the sky quake one, I have always wondered why when I stand outside I hear this loud booming sound but seeing nothing around that could have caused.
What you are hearing is a sonic boom. The leading sources are jet craft, ordinance, or popping tires.
@@Marasovsgirl
I doubt a popping tire could shake my house.
There's no military activity or surplus gear that could shake my house, and the local private cannon doesn't shake it.
I've looked for jets, but what we get is usually helicopters and slow moving bombers. Nothing that can break the sound barrier flies near my place.
However, their is a minor *fault line* close by that has produced no more than 3.0 earthquakes in the past.
The smartest thing the US military ever did was, the invention of 'aliens'. That way when we look up in the sky & see something we don't understand we DON'T think, "Oh look, a secret military aircraft!" Simplely genius! 🤣
"..an expert in the indo Roman pepper trade" is a very specific area of expertise. Which is pretty cool. 👍
Ive seen SpaceX's satellite line quite a few times here on the oregon coast! Its am awesome site
HI KATRINA!
Jose pyramid is much older even as old as 45,000 years.
Sad... Aliens only like to visit US..😪
That 13th century sword engraving is of ancient viking runes if anyone feels any different about it get a picture of that sword and search viking language and ancient runes garentee that's what it is
Ufo is appearing in giza pyramid ! So there is no doubt that ufo is real!
In my country Belgium, about the sound, it's like metallic scratching, very loud, it's some time now, I heard it several times in mine life, 52y.
I feel like I am watching a high school project, this SUCKS!
Actually UFOs are my drones. Sorry for the disturb.
Yes, myself & my wife have heard the sky horns it totally bizarre feeling
Could the sword be the same ancient language enscribed on the Georgia guide stones?
Rochdale. They should go to Rochdale.
Nobody can explain that either.
I seen the star link last year in florida also 8 friens and I seen a glowing red spere in the sky barely moving like a helicopter but no noise then took off in a blink of an eye i have seen the same object on ufo files a few times.
Skyquakes are Angel's fighting demons in the heavens!!!!!
If You see Rain and the Sun at the same time, it means the Devil is chasing His wife
Skyquakes - That sounds like freaking Godzilla! Regardless, nothing good can come from that sound. Period.