120V 240V Electricity explained - Split phase 3 wire electrician
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- Опубліковано 30 чер 2024
- How 120V / 240V electricity is distributed from the power station and to your property. We look at how it is connected to power domestic appliances as well as the main components such as the electricity meter, main service panel, main breaker, circuit breaker, bus bars, neutral ground bar, light switches and lighting circuits, transformers, GFCI circuit breakers, AFCI circuit breakers. The purpose of the hot wire, neutral wire and ground wire as well as the ground rod and the water pipe bonding.
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#electrical #electricity #engineering electrician amp energy meter technician
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how come the neutral wire has zero potential difference when it is center tapped to the secondary coil of the transformer?
You misspelled the name of my country; it's _"Canada,"_ not _"Canda!"_
I can send it cashapp
Got a,question for you. Say a small, housing complex powerlines are O gauge , how,can they handle all those,amps,for,each house without heating up?
@@bradowen8862 Because it is grounded in the electrical panel.
General Contractor here ... worth tuning in all the way. Spot on. Take notes. Wishing this type of content was instilled in elementary and high school. Immeasurable value. Thank you for this production.
Yeah idk why they don't teach that, but we have to know the Circumference of a soccer ball
@@urmom69610 lmao geometry, algebra, calculus. All that actually comes in handy when working in construction. So.... don’t be mad at your school be mad at yourself for not knowing when and where you can use what you’ve been thought on an every day basis.
Word!
This guy gets it
@@cesarcortes1168 Really? You can master geometry, algebra and calculus and not be able to change a light switch, outlet, much less a breaker, tandem breaker or panel... you aint making no sense. The math is valuable part but the know how of execution and knowledge of tooling completes the circuit (pun intended). I hire engineers and experienced contractors for constructions. If you want, you can hire a math professor to construct or work on your house. lol
I'm an electrician for 35 years. This video is absolutely perfect explanation
Really? I don't want you working on my house. You should NEVER connect the ground wire to the neutral bus bar. They are separate for a reason and are not always connected. And the two bus bars should never be connected in a sub-unit.
If you habitually connect ground to neutral then one day you might do it when the bars are not connected.
I share the vision of Chris Hartley. Ok installations where ground and neutral bars are connected still exist. But was banned in Europe in the 1950s. It's just not safe! And then when near the end of the video you connect the ground-wire to the neutral busbar?? That where I lost all faith in your (in depht) knowledge.
People who try to figure out their electric installation based on this video (and I assure you there are that try) are bound to get themselfs killed. You should have had someone skilled look over this before you post these (anyway very nicely annimated. For that I congratulate you) kind of videos. Make America safe again!!
@@benverdel3073 you should read the code. Main panels can have shared, sub panels can't. That's why you can buy them with shared even in Home Depot. I would agree it's good practice to separate them, but regardless you will find them installed exactly like this all over the country.
@@chrishartley1210 A Qualified electrician should check the circuit breaker box first to see what he/she is working with before "Habitually" or Blindly connecting ground to neutral anyway. Knowledge of what your working with is key so no surprises occur or assuming someone else did it for you....
They do make it understandable it to the layman.
I went to school for Electrical Engineering, and while I know a lot about how electricity works mathematically, I don't always understand how specific components in the home work and what they are for. Videos like this are extremely helpful to bridge that knowledge gap. Thanks for it!
Spotted on.
Good point
Exactly, my case also
This guy leaves no stone unturned. I was so surprised he took extra time to explain things like AFCIs and GFCIs. Fantastic explanation! 👏👏👏
As a professional engineer engaged in multidisciplinary project engineering, these videos are invaluable that were never taught directly in school. Thanks so much!
Glad you find them useful
please use this video in school
@Cop Loo your comment is invaluable to this discussion LOL
Cop Loo - and the lesson is that teachers are often wrong. We need to corroborate knowledge from many sources, especially when a teacher is adamant about it. Thanks for the little life story. I found it invaluable.
ua-cam.com/video/Q8mD2hsxrhQ/v-deo.html
This like this would be taught to the electrician not to the engineer, these kinds of things should be able to be applied from the more advanced theory an engineer would have learned. Yes they don’t directly tell you this how the electricity in a house works but you learn about Ac single phase, three phase, how all that works and how centre tap transformers work
I'm a student trying to become an electrician, this video connected so many lose ends. I learn more watching your videos than I do in class. Thank you.
School? You need to be in the field to learn anything kid
@@Christopher-mn6re Really? So why are you here ""studying"? One needs both classroom/book and hands on.
😂 story of our lives since grade school
@@Christopher-mn6re the field doesn’t teach you any of this. Most journeyman are so concerned with production and other things they rarely take the time to teach you this stuff. Apprentices basically have to learn on their own. That’s why the schools sucks so bad because it’s taught by an overwhelming amount of guys who taught themselves and don’t know what the hell they’re talking about.
@@Christopher-mn6re troll much?
NOW THIS IS HOW YOU TEACH STUDENTS A TRADE OR SKILL. YOU SIR IS A GREAT TEACHER OF THE SCIENCE'S.
I'm glad you made a distinction between "qualified" and "competent".
Except he said, “qualified AND competent.”, not, qualified OR competent. We diy-ers know which category we juuust might fit in though - usually somewhere a little south of competent, but learning all the time. Videos like this help us a lot.
I’m not qualified or competent. But I’ve already got curly hair (so nothing to lose) 😂
As a 4th year electrical apprentice, this video should be shown to all first year apprentice's. It would answer questions before they were even asked. Great job, subscribed.
1st year watching this right now
Hey dude I see this was years ago I wonder how’s it going brother? Wish well and respects to all my fellow electricians
This is one of the best videos I have ever seen that explains AC electrical use
The absolute best I have ever seen this explained, and I've been working trade since 1978.
Can't stress enough how glad I am for having found this chanel. Love it.
Taking an electrician pre apprenticeship program. This channel supliments the program perfectly, and allows me to continue learning and reinforcing what I've already learned. Great job 👍
I am a student and i can honestly say, One of the best explained library of videos around. I love the animations and examples used by the narrator.
Professional electrical engineer here specialized in power generation, transmission and grid management. These videos are impeccable. Straight to the fact with easy to understand visual support. To me the most important point is that they always seem to know exactly who the viewer targeted by the content is. For me, a video like this is baby level, but I can easily see so much value for someone new to this or in the process of learning it. It could dive into much more complex details, but they are left for other videos which is exactly why it is so perfect.
THE best explanation I’ve heard. And I work for a power company.
I am an electrical engineer and even though I know all of this from class and/or from doing it in my own house, I find this video entertaining and the best explanation I have seen yet. I’ll use this to help my buddies understand what I’m talking about! 😂
As an electrical engineer. I find this very nice and simplified in a perfect way. Thank you guys
A brilliant explanation. Coming from Australia I have always been mystified by the US domestic electrical system. I assumed (incorrectly) that all domestic installations were connected to a star secondary transformer winding. Grounding would have introduced all manner of issues if this had been the case. Your explanation has made me "see the light". Thanks again for this clear and very well documented description.
I am not an electrician but have undertaken alot of electrical projects to code on my own. It is stated that you have to be 100% confident in what you are doing as there is absolutely no room for error with electricity. I wish we had access to videos like this one 45 years ago in school. Straight up and straight forward... Thankyou
I probably need to rewatch, but I still don't understand how the ground wire is different from the neutral wire in this example. Also, what is meant by "used" electricity here?
@@TheAero1221 used electricity = electricity thats been trough an appliance like washing machine
@@TheAero1221 the ground wire isn't intended to carry current. It's normally completely dead except in cases of a ground fault(when the hot wore touches something metal). The reason we connect the ground wire to anything metal is because that wire is able to carry the current back to the breaker and make it trip so that whatever metal became energized can turn off to prevent shock.
@@TheAero1221in essence thry arnt different
Its where they are connected that matters, they are an emergency exit for electricity
Take your toaster for example. Inside the toaster the live an neutral connect to the elements and are a closed circut. However if say the element breaks and touches the metal casing of the toaster. The toaster body is now in contact with live. But NOT neutral. So now the ground wire is the "neutral" in this case. And because of how low resistance the ground is. It causes the breaker to trip
Clear, concise, approachable. Great job on this!
Electricity isn't dangerous
@@vikingking71 Really? I suppose you have never gotten shocked, or short circuited a device or current path? You are delusional.
@@vikingking71 yeah, one of my friends used to stay it wasn't the electricity - it was the stupidity of the person who didn't understand and respect it :)
Excellent job clearly describing the home electric system.
Fantastic description. I have been working with 12V DC for years. I have understood the basic principles of AC but never quite got but I found this video very helpful. Thank you for creating it.
As a mechanical engineer that designs power distribution equipment for a living, this is freaking gold! It really ties everything together in a basic yet informative way.
See our new video on how to build mechanical versions of electronic circuits? Watch here: ua-cam.com/video/Zv9Q7ih48Uc/v-deo.html
Wow, finally a channel devoted to properly educating folks in AC. Thank You ...
Electric
This is awesome, ive been working as a helper electrician for over 3 years now, I can pretty much wire a house by myself but untill now I didnt really know what was going on or how it worked, or why it was done a centain way, Thank you so much !!
Wow, same. Are you planning on getting licensed?
Thank you so much for the video! I deal mainly with low voltage wiring, but there are times where I deal with high voltage as well and this video perfectly explains and helps me understand when I communicate with electricians what it is I'm expecting from them!
This is a great explanation of the basics of home electrical wiring and how the power flow, well done. I've seen others try to explain the difference between hot, neutral and ground but never do even with 30 minute videos. You explain each concept briefly and clearly. This is now my new favourite channel!
• Hot: Carries current and is at 120 V wrt the earth.
• Neutral: Carries current and is at 0 V wrt the earth.
• Ground: Doesn’t carry current and is at 0 V wrt the earth.
This is definitely one of the best electrical explanation videos I have ever watched
It is good for update the knowledge
I cant thank you enough for all the videos, they are incredibly helpful as a first year HVAC-R Apprentice!
Lol. Good luck. Been 11 in the trade.
Electricians will either help you. Or fucking be a painful sore on your taint haha
You’ll learn quick trust me.
Also. If you’re paying for school that’s cool. But I feel like I wasted money. I learned the most being a gopher on the field and installing.
Then switched to service after two years.
Your first two years you’re gonna be lost as a service tech. Then after the couple year practice you’ll be in the swing of things.
All units. Controls. Are different. But eventually you’ll see roughly how they should be working.
@@Username-ng8jy yeeep
Just perfect 👌 i've been watching your videos for about 2 years and i really find them very useful and entertaining. The animations and your way of explaining are fantastic 👏 thanks for the amount of work you put into these videos👊 keep it up!
I can't thank you enough for explaining the electrical box in such an uncomplicated simple way with pictures. This is the best I have ever found. I don't know a lot about electrical things but want to understand more. I want to be able to do simple things like put in a new outlet. I don't intend to mess with the big stuff but need to understand the dangers.
Perfectly explained. Appreciate your efforts, truly.
This video was very useful and thank you for sharing, much appreciated.
Very cool. My last house had an old Pushmatic breaker system and was improperly grounded. We had the panel and meter box replaced to handle 200A, and also had to ground stakes added to the outside of the house. The electrician we hired to do the work was really cool about answering all of my questions and I learned a lot about the whole setup. This video just added to that knowledge. Thanks!
Wow! I never really knew where the neutral came from. This makes it so clear. The example showing the transformer with two hot leads and a neutral in the middle was great. Thanks.
Wow, been doing commercial HVAC working with 480V almost daily for over 2 years. I can now confidently say that I know how the electrical works. Very informative video and you explained it perfectly, thank you!
How do u make 110 out of 480
Seen our new 3 phase transformer video?➡️: ua-cam.com/video/u0SsejDCVkU/v-deo.html
great video, i'm the dangerous homeowner that tackles every project with "I can do that" but with your explanation i felt like a pro putting in a new breaker for my generator . 5 stars if u tube did that
Hope you are not trolling. Generator? I only watched half of the video and seriously doubt he explained generators. One of my friends asked me to hook up his house with a generator and I refused even though I do know how. Back feeding a power line can put you on the fast track to pushing a grocery cart or in prison.
Simply OMG! Like most of the comments have said, this is by far the most informative video explaining how a service panel provides electricity to a home! Thanks!👍👍👍👍👍
i found this video as to be as perfect as one can be,,,,,,,,,NOW i understand how the wires are hooked up to the transformer that comes into the house for 120 and 240,,,,,,,,,,that was ALWAYS SO FRUSTRATING not knowing how the transformer was hooked up and the path of the current flow..........NOW I DO,,,,,,,,,,THANKS SO MUCH...........it takes a special kind of person to TEACH OTHERS......YOU ARE THAT KIND OF PERSON.........
Omg why can't they teach us like this from elementary to high schools. Perfect and clear! Thank you.
@Acg blah what kind?
They do. Just not to this level of detail. The study of how electricity works falls under the domain of physics, which is a branch of science that deals with the fundamental components of the universe, including matter, energy, motion, and how they interact. Electricity is a form of energy.
Man, yo, so well explained. Far better than anything explained st work.
As a California State Certified General Journeyman Electrician, must say the this is the best video explanation I’ve seen on the internet. Very good job! Imagine trying to explain all this to an apprentice in the field. Drawing pictures on the backside of drywall, lettering and numbering boxes and panels, etc. I’m happy that you didn’t call residential single phase. There are two phases of power inside the panel. 👍
NOW I COMPLETELY UNDERSTAND THE 240 VOLTS, FOR CLOTHES DRYER'S CONNECTION. THANK YOU FOR YOUR PERFECTLY STATED VIDEO.!
Having worked part-time in the electrical/lighting dept of a major building supplier, explaining all of this to people was more than a little scary...it never failed to amaze me that some of those people were still walking this earth.
This is pretty simple and easy to understand. I just subscribed. Thanks for making it so intuitive :D
This has to be one of the best videos I have seen on this subject. Thank you!
Wow... I'm an IT Network Engineer/Manager and I play with low voltage equipment all day. I recognize that I always need power for my network equipment and in turn, I interact with electricians and electricity every day.
I often use the terms of the trade, but never fully dealt with the exact training of how electricity is provided. Outstanding representation and basic understanding of how current flows. I think I'll go and get certified as a basic residential electrician. I've looked at fuse panels, seen how the fixture wires are ran, but often times, have been frustrated on how my new light fixture and outlets are ran and crossed shared.
Your info has given great insight.
Wonderful coverage. I love GFCI's especially around water. AFCI breakers are a solution in search of a problem and were code mandated just after invention, when only one company could make them. The NEC now protects Profits, machines, and people. In that order.
WraithlingRavenchild Amen Brother! 2008,11, and 2014 code changes were mostly companies selling their products! Disgusting!
Thank you for providing me something to study while I'm stuck at home on lockdown.
One year on and I'm doing the same thing!
The most perfect explanation ever..
You guys did a great job.
I read a lot of online stuff but no one has described it with such clarity...
Thanks a lot...👍👍
Electrician here. You nailed it, good job! Not a single misconception or bit or incorrect/misleading information.
Great video, it was in my recommended.
I didn't know I wanted to watch this right at this very moment,
but sometimes UA-cam gets it right.
Please change the Electrical Panel to an actual 3 phase panel. 2 lines and a N is not 3 Phase. It must be 3 Lines and a N, You are only showing 2 buss bars on the panel when it should be 3 buss bars for the circuit breakers.
Six months into my apprenticeship and this video seriously lit some bulbs in my head.
Well done - the best explanation of home poser I've seen - I certainly don't yet understand electrical power circuits, but I now have a general understanding - thanks!!
The visuals help a lot. I’m a recent EE grad and a lot of the time in classes you get lost in the heavy math. Videos like this help you connect all the dots.
The math is pretty hard when it comes to the class but when you’re out in the field you only use the basic math
@@candicehernandez6327 yeah so far that’s been the case.
I've gotta say that this was easier to follow than any textbook I've read on the subject. Great job!
I'm just starting an electrical journeyman course and DAMN this stuff is amazing. Thank you for all the hard work.
This was the most informative and easy to understand video I've ever watched about AC current! It cleared up several questions I had about AC and about breaker box wiring. If the rest of this channels videos are this good then I have definitely found my new goto place for information on these types of subjects! I'm even going to make a special folder to save the videos to!
I am energized from watching these.
Hi Paul, thank you so much for these detailed videos and spreading the knowledge. I have been trying to understand surge protectors for my apartment and spent two days reading almost every marketing video out there about basic MOVs to series surge suppression to power conditioner and filters. It's a very competitive space with so many companies selling snake oil. To make matters worse, many UA-camrs are super opinionated with basic knowledge from Google.
I've watched most of your videos and I think I can trust your opinion on all things electrical. Would you please consider doing an informational video on surge protection beyond the basics that most other UA-camrs offer which involves mostly going over types, products and ratings. Thank you so much and keep teaching.
By far, the best explanation of how North American household electricity works. Thank you so much!
I design Transmission Powerlines for a living and have never seen a clearer, more precise explanation of LV electrical systems like this. Thank you for this awesome content!
This video is proof of why youtube is changing the game for DIY'ers and curious minds. Great, great content.
Proof? This has been common knowledge for years.
Being electrician and from Europe
It was nice to watch, as it explained a lot for me about how things are done in the US. :)
To be honest I prefer the European system with 3 true phases.
Me too, but I always love to learn how it is done on different systems.
@@Rob_Dingemans How many 3 phase devices do you own?
As a non-technical and non-engineer, this is so well explained! Thank you!
Thank you for making this video! Im in school right now and I was having trouble following along in class because I couldn't visually see what the instructors are explaining. This video is very easy to understand and so helpful!
Spot on accurate, excellent video. Glad you didn't show the neutral and ground wires heading to the same screw. Schuko plug into a NEMA 5-15 outlet looks kind of funny tho.
I agree, in Canada, we still land all neutrals on one of the bars, and all grounds on the other one. This is to aid in identification along with easily powering the panel from another temporary power source in an emergency by just removing the connection between the neutral bar and the ground bar.
Omg thank you! I was studing this in class and I never really understood before this video!!
Glad you enjoyed. Would be great if you could share this with your class.
i hope you are a painter by profession
THANK YOU, IVE LEARN A BUNCH IN JUST THIS ONE VIDEO!!
Thank You. I am forever in your debt as you just made sense of something I never really understood and all attempts to research on my own were not good enough. I can now say I understand my panel and breakers
I've been wondering how the hot, neutral, and ground were connected for years. After wathcing this, my confusion was gone and I even learned how the 240V circuit is hooked up. Thank you for making such a clear and to-the-point video.
240 is just line to line voltage. 120 is found because of the center tapped secondary winding that is grounded, hence 120 volts to ground. If the secondary winding was grounded on one end instead of the center you would instead have 240 volts to ground on one line, 0 volts to ground on the other line, and 240 volts from line to line. You should look up three phase delta and three phase ungrounded systems if you really want to get confused 😂
Seen our new 3 phase transformer video?➡️: ua-cam.com/video/u0SsejDCVkU/v-deo.html
Thank you so much! The books are terrible an explaining things and your videos make everything so much easier.
Jessee Wynn the books don’t talk in our country. I don’t see how much better than the video yours could if they do.
@@HighestRank No one probably could point out your country on the map.
I agree it's hard to wrap your head around some of the concepts when your someone who is more of a hands on visual learner (like me). Like trying to picture something in your head when you've never seen it. The diagrams help but sometimes add to the complexity for comprehension as a student.
About to start my electrical apprenticeship, thought I'd learn all I could on my own before I get into it, very nice explanation.
As an AC service tech, this is a great explanation as to what i work with on a daily basis. I work with 240v and 24v for controls but i do sometimes have to create 120v with a special jumper cable for some services on rooftops and other situations of the like for quick repairs.
Edit: i was tought how to create 120v from 240v, but this is a better understanding of the purpose of neutral, ect.
Loved the video. FYI here in Quebec, Canada main lines are at 750Kv from the dams to the city, within the city they drop it down between 125kv to 25kv for distribution then step it down to 120v/240v for residential use.
Thank you from Vancouver!!!
I run electricity in houses, this is a pretty good video.
Well, I've always done my own electrical work(to a certain extent), knowing how to wire outlets,switches,fans, even installed my own panel box, grounding rods, rewiring the whole house, but now I know WHY it gets wired the way it does. Thanks for the insight!
Excellent! From a fire investigator, this video is wonderful. Good work!
Very good explanation and animated description. I subscribed! A++
GIVE me A++ as well!
I had to take a LOT of physics in college, but never really understood how to apply it to house wiring. Guess I’ll be binging this whole channel now.
As soon as the frame at 5:05 popped up, it triggered and epiphany and everything came together. Thanks! Great vid
Very informative and the animation rocks, especially for a non-electrician. Thank you
Who else watches UA-cam explanation videos to catch up on actual information because they wasted their life in school learning nothing. These videos are so great.
The struggle of growing up without UA-cam when we were children.. now is older folk have to play catch up 😣 lol
Bravo. Very well done. 👏🏻
Thanks
This is the best explanation I’ve seen yet. Very well done. Thank you.
The Engineering Mindset videos are concise and among the best that I have seen on these topics. These videos could save a lot of time for a student or technician in this field. Thank you.
Muy bien explicado y narrado, felicidades.
Guy De Fuentes le entiendes? lol 😂
@@MrKarloz97 Yo sí, tengo 50 años, soy ingeniero en electrónica y hablo inglés, ¿porqué tú pregunta?. Mi comentario solo es un reconocimiento "en Español" al video que está muy bien echo y explicado.
Española aqui: ua-cam.com/video/7JDmvDzb5L8/v-deo.html
Knew about the gfci but did not know about the afci. I will need to check that out and replace our breakers in our cabin. We just had an extension cord do that and the breaker did not pop. Glad i watched this video.
AFCIs were required in bedrooms since the 2005 NEC... how did you not know about them till now...
@@adventureoflinkmk2 Maybe his cabin was built before 2005?
I have started simply putting in dual function afci/gfci breakers in all positions.
They are a lot more expensive, but much better life protection.
Remember, a regular breaker is only to be protect the wiring, not you!
@@ke6gwf pretty sure AFCI is to protect your electric blanket, not the wires
Be careful though. My portable AC did not like the AFCI on my bedroom circuit. I ended up running a heavy extension cord out to the hall.
@@jimstanley_49 some cord ends have afci built into them to protect just the cord, but the breakers are to protect the in wall wiring more than anything.
Some of the most common causes of house fires are from nails going through wires and causing an intermittent short that heats the wire up (or being pinched against metal causing a low level short, etc), or from a bad connection, either from a broken wire that is still touching, or a loose connection, which will heat up under load.
These can also occur in cords, but the reason they are required as breakers rather than outlets, is to protect against in-wall faults.
And yes, AFCIs are susceptible to false trips, but unless the afci breaker is defective, if it is tripping when turning on a heavy load, it probably means that there is a wiring fault, and it is doing its job.
If there is a loose connection at the breaker, at the back of the outlet, or a loose wire nut somewhere along the way, or an internal fault in the unit, it will detect this under heavy load where it might not be a problem under light loads.
So I would try plugging the unit into another AFCI protected circuit from a different breaker, and see if it still trips.
Most of the breakers will show you a code to let you know what it detected, which can help with the troubleshooting.
To put it another way, an afci tripping is a sign of a problem with some part of the system, and should be investigated, rather than just treated as a nuisance,because a properly designed system won't do that.
I have a decent understanding about how electrical circuits work but I learned even more from this video, thank you!
This is the best explanation of the 120/240 split in the U.S. power system. The center tap of the pole transformer automatically transfer the load on both the 120v circuits and 240v circuit to the grid, thanks to the wonderful transformer effect. (Thank you, Mr. Tesla) The grounding of the neutral line also provides a voltage reference to the live-neutral-live lines so they are not floating when compared with the ground wire. It is a brilliant and safest setup.
My favorite youtube channel
Thanks
Excellent video!
Thank you
As an electrician making the jump to engineering, this video is bad ass and explains things very well. Really this knowledge can be useful to either an apprentice electrician or a fresh engineer.
He explains it very clearly and the graphics show exactly how the current flows. Best explanation I have seen on this topic on UA-cam👍👌
I remember having a 240 line break one of the leads coming from the pole to weather head. 120v stuff was still on, looked at the digital meter was showing nothing, but had power. Still called it in didn't want the thing to short out given it was 110 degrees outside.
Great video!!!!! you mentioned in this video you have a video further explaing floating neutrals and bonded nuetrals more in depth, where can i find this. . thanks
Fantastic explanation. I’m going to use this video to teach my son the basics. It explains electricity in the home far better than I can.
IM A ELECTRICIAN HERE IN NYC THIS WAS A GREAT VIDEO VERY KNOWLEDGEABLE N THE NARRATOR VERY INFORMATIVE N PATIENT KEEP THESE VIDEOS COMING