A general rule of thumb for a protic solvent is that it is a molecule with hydrogens that could be released, such as alchohols and carboxylic acids. If you have hydrogens, but they are all bonded to carbon, it is likely not protic since carbon is not perticularly electronegative, it is not very likely to steal any electrons from hydrogen. A way to determine whether your molecule is a good or bad nucleophile is to look at it and see if it has a negative charge. An example is methoxide (CH3O-), which is a strong nucleophile since it carries that -1 charge. While methanol (CH3OH) is uncharged and is expected to be a weak nucleophile. I hope this helps.
Thank you, this clarified a lot. My book on organic chemistry didnt even mention protic and aprotic solvents, thats why I got so confused when it came to secondary alkyl halides. Thank you!!
Since I didn't show the whole mechanism, I understand your confusion. The proton doesn't come off until after the nucleophilic attack. Therefore the O goes from a formal charge of 0 to a formal charge of +1 and then to a formal charge of 0 (like the last example).
from 7:50 and onward. When you take the hydrogen off doesn't the Oxygen have a formal charge of +1? This is the only portion I don't understand. Thanks.
ah, so when the proton leaves after the oxygen has bonded, the oxygen receives a pair of electrons from hydrogen; making the formal charge on oxygen zero?
*That isn't accurate "right now," because that means you are alive by the time you are reading this. It's not important that you know everything about Chemistry, but tonight, as I realized, what matters is that every day, you move on from a topic to the other. Chemistry is not easy; you can't study a field of science that's 3000 years in the making in just 1 night. Reward yourself for the small steps you make, and you, like what happened to me, will suck less in chemistry. :)*
A general rule of thumb for a protic solvent is that it is a molecule with hydrogens that could be released, such as alchohols and carboxylic acids. If you have hydrogens, but they are all bonded to carbon, it is likely not protic since carbon is not perticularly electronegative, it is not very likely to steal any electrons from hydrogen.
A way to determine whether your molecule is a good or bad nucleophile is to look at it and see if it has a negative charge. An example is methoxide (CH3O-), which is a strong nucleophile since it carries that -1 charge. While methanol (CH3OH) is uncharged and is expected to be a weak nucleophile.
I hope this helps.
what is your evidence with this? not that i dont trust you but where can i find the reasoning for why this is true
I'm finally starting to understand! (11 hours before my exam...)
+1 LoL
Dude I am here with an hour left 😂
Feeling that rn 😂
what are you doing in your life now after 5 years of this comment
Thank you, this clarified a lot. My book on organic chemistry didnt even mention protic and aprotic solvents, thats why I got so confused when it came to secondary alkyl halides. Thank you!!
Since I didn't show the whole mechanism, I understand your confusion. The proton doesn't come off until after the nucleophilic attack. Therefore the O goes from a formal charge of 0 to a formal charge of +1 and then to a formal charge of 0 (like the last example).
Is it For NWAC
NWAC
This video was amazing. I was able to grasp this concept within this video compared to my 2 hour lectures. My exam is tomorrow morning.
well i understood i watched it after reading my notes and it made sense
This video was immensely helpful. Thank you!
so many ruuules to follow
You are saving my life. I love you.
Thank you so much you saved my live
Learned more from this 12 min vid than i did going to class 4 days a week...
Man I love you so much
this helps!
Correct
This is great. Many thanks for uploading.
awesome explanation, thanks a lot!
Really good
U made chemistry a fun subject and an interesting one.Thank you soo much now I have a clear idea about sn2 ☺
really really good. thank you
This was very helpful, thank you. Keep up the good videos!
Great videos!!! why the last example won't do E2?
What if the nucleophile is strong but the solvent is polar protic? What then?
you are amazing!
How do you determine whether a nucleophile is strong or weak?
They will just tell u that in the question.......
although I do doubt im of any help since I came 2 yes later........
Can you have another explanation of this in Condensed Structural Formula????
You are my hero.
Great video! Though my English is poor...I could understand.
obiously good.
Do the rules that you showed in the beginning only apply to alkyl halide molecules?
V helpful
from 7:50 and onward. When you take the hydrogen off doesn't the Oxygen have a formal charge of +1? This is the only portion I don't understand. Thanks.
ah, so when the proton leaves after the oxygen has bonded, the oxygen receives a pair of electrons from hydrogen; making the formal charge on oxygen zero?
When you use heat for a reaction like in the first example, wouldn't that make the reaction E1??
You are so much better than Sal...very clear and smooth
I actually think he is way worse than Sal, really fast and using wording I can't follow
Thank you ^_^
Clear explanation.
"1ºR-X always Sn2", what about the case of allylic carbocations?
2 years too late, but yeah...those and benzyllic carbocations are exceptionally stable giving a possibility for either Sn1 or Sn2
How will I know if I’m suppose to use a Protic or a Protic solvent?
exactly
organic punished me back in the day, may be this should have saved me
are u sure acetic acid would react with that alkyl bromide in such a way?
Mulțumesc
I want to do it as fast as you
nyc
does the last problem have 2 products???
For the first sn2 example, could we have added Br to deprotonate as well?
You could, it would just be much less likely to occur because the solvent is in excess; relatively more water than Br-
I will never ever , like EVER understand chemistry.
*That isn't accurate "right now," because that means you are alive by the time you are reading this. It's not important that you know everything about Chemistry, but tonight, as I realized, what matters is that every day, you move on from a topic to the other. Chemistry is not easy; you can't study a field of science that's 3000 years in the making in just 1 night. Reward yourself for the small steps you make, and you, like what happened to me, will suck less in chemistry. :)*
So I got this orgo exam tomorrow......
this is so confusing lol
In the second reaction, why didn't you show what happened to the Sodium ion/if it bonded to anything else?
sorry to say..but not able to understand
I do not understand too fukin hard
I'm fucked
You talk way too fast 😩😩😩
Slow the video down. Helps for slower processors
Where's Sal? I think this guy is WAY too fast for me and even uses terms i have no idea about :/
you speak way too fast.
very helpful, thank you.