5G Signal Made Simple - What is RSSI, RSRP, RSRQ and SINR?
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- Опубліковано 10 вер 2024
- 5G Signal Made Simple - What is RSSI, RSRP, RSRQ and SINR?
What is RSSI, RSRP, RSRQ and SINR - Dr Andre Fourie
RSSI - Received Signal Strength Indicator
RSRP - Reference Signal Received Power
RSRQ - Reference Signal Received Quality
SINR - signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio
SNIR - Signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio
SNR - Signal to Noise Ratio.
Link to an article with the table showing the RSSI, RSRP, RSRQ and SINR values Andre is discussing here: poynting.tech/...
Poynting is a top global provider of integrated antenna solutions, responsible for the innovation, design and manufacture of its market-leading products. Established as a consultancy in 1990, Poynting evolved into an official PTY in 1997 and in 2001 established Poynting Antennas. Poynting supplies antenna solutions for primarily wireless high-speed data applications. We provide solutions for 3G/4G and LTE, GPS and GLONASS, IoT Lora and SigFOx as well as RFID and WIFI.
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2021 June updated
No fancy digital white board, just quality information explaining the basics of radio signals. Shocking! ;)
Absolutely!
great explanation. thank you!!!
I like how he explains it concise and easy to understand "Im not an Engr"
Thank you for a very clear explanation of all these. Mine wildly fluctuate from fair to poor to good. Usually at around 11am it goes from high speed to nonexistent. And then in the evening it goes back to being high speed. I think my provider is throttling.
Yea you have cell tower congestion to consider too. During normal day hours there are more people use the tower, at night - am hours, much less.
muchas gracias excelente explicacion saludos desde colombia
Es un placer - ¡gracias por mirar!
Just got assigned some tasks at work dealing with telemetry data in a multi-billion dollar company. Somebody wish me luck, I don't got a god damn clue what I'm doing. Thanks for your video sir.
Good luck Matt - Don't tell the world! Lots of videos that can help and you are welcome to pop a question here.
Ps we are starting a Poynting Academy - big secret 😁- with RF and Antenna courses. Either subscribe to our newsletter or keep an eye on our website www.poynting.tech to see when we launch the first course.
Great Video I'm trying to configure my directional antenna
Currently with
RSRP - 76dbm
RSRQ - 10dbm
SNR 6dm
another great video
Is it just me or is RSRP hard to get below -80 dbm most of the time? I average -80 - 96 dbm in my house and the tower is just a few houses down. Not very far. It appeared as though being a couple houses further down improved the signal even more.
RSRQ is anywhere from -10 to -14 on average. What is 30 dB RSSNR mean?
Good video sir
I have the Mofi 4500 sim4 v3 and my rsrp -706, rssi -421, rsrq -103. How to Yagi outdoor antennas pointed at Verizon tower 1.3 miles due north of my home mounted to a pole 30+ feet in the air. Why are my numbers so horrible? Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Current reading from mofi 4500 V4
RSRQ -74
RSRP -621
RSSI -350
I'm currently using a weboost yagi antenna 3314411 and a we boost panel antenna that's part of the FBA_470101 Kit mounted about 30ft in the air. I have these on a splitter going to a signal booster. Would it be better to have them going straight to the mofi? The yagi was also a 50 ohm N-connector but i took it a part and replced the pig tail with a 75 ohm F-type connector. I'm using at&t towers and i'm only a few miles away but in a dense foliage area.
Wat do i do.. sinr of my parabolic antenna is poor sometimes average.. but rsrp and rsrq are good.
Antenna height is 12 meters.
What does it mean to have good RSRP and RSRP but poor RSSI ?
Hi,
I tried the pointing Omni xpol antenna however I haven't noticed much difference in rsrq and rsrp on my router however they are both in good ranges.
However it appears that my SINR is really making my connection poor and drastically change.
My SINR varies from -1db to 18db (at this figure I get very good speeds).
Can you recommend a product that will help most with SINR?
Thanks
Many thanks for this explanation, Dr Fourie. I am looking for some advice, please.
I currently get excellent RSRP (-63dBm) but bad RSRQ (-10dB). From what I get from your clip, this basically means I receive a strong signal but with lots of noise. I get between 1-3Mbps download speeds, even though I am 200m from my closest tower with clear LoS and there are towers all around. I am trying to decide between an XPOL-1 to take advantage of the many towers in the area, or XPOL-2 aimed directly at the close tower. I'm leaning towards the XPOL-2, but would appreciate the opinion of an expert.
I install wireless equipment in Toronto Canada, I work on Rogers wireless network. I currently install 2500mhz for 5g technology, we are getting alot of rssi alarms. I use low pim loads to find the issue. Issue is always appears when installed on antenna, do you have any suggestions on what it can be
I have a problem with sinr in day it is _4 or 6 and at the night +3or more
What does it mean if you have an RSRQ of -14 to -16 and the RSRP is -85 but the SINR is between -6 and -3 ? Is there then a lot of noise in the area as well? Or is that interference?
With reference to the table at the end of the video the following:
RSRP = Reference Signal Receive Power; this a 'negative' number measured in decibel referenced to a milliwatt (dBm);
- the larger the number i.e. -80dBm is LARGER than -100dBm, the BETTER the signal - eg. larger than -80dBm (like -76dBm for instance) is considered excellent.
RSRQ = Reference Signal Receive Quality; this is a 'formula' [RSRQ = n x (RSRP/RSSI)] that 'calculates' the Quality and should also be 'LARGER' than, in this case, -10dB
- i.e. -6dB is considered 'excellent'
SINR = Signal-to-Interference-and-Noise-Ratio; very important measurement as it measures the 'amount' of interference and noise a Router's receiver has to 'contend' with; this is like trying to listen to a conversation in a 'noisy' restaurant; the Router has difficulty in 'understanding' the 'signal' due to the Radio Frequency (RF) interference and noise; the result is that the Router has to 'ask' for many 're-transmits' that 'slows down' the rate at which it receives information.
In the above example; RSRP of -85dBm is GOOD; RSRQ of -14dB to -16dB is between GOOD and AVERAGE but SINR of -6dB to -3dB is AVERAGE.
- this means that there is significant INTERFERENCE and/or NOISE which could come from other Transmitters; (Mobile-, Wi-Fi-, other Radios etc) or Power Lines, Transformers etc. (Noise) etc.
Increasing the SINR to larger than 13dB (i.e. >20dB) through the use of an external Directional Antenna should improve the throughput (Up-/Download) significantly.
I want to look at the table at the end of the viideo but I can't because there are images over it. Is there an way to see the table without such obstructions? Please tell me.
@@poyntingantennas Thank you very much!
Dr Fourie, I appreciate the material you put out.
In a situation where RSRQ, RSRP and RSSI are in "excellent" range but SINR hovers between 0-9dB, which is close to "cell edge" i.e. "poor", how would that be explained? Is SINR still an important reference for LTE connections or should we look only at RSRQ (and RSRP for power)? That's what I'm understanding based on your explanation here.
@@poyntingantennas thank you for responding, much appreciated.
Sir Why The signal measurement is in -65
-76
-85
Why is in minus ...please ...tell me ....sir
Hi Sundaresan,
It is a convention that signal is measured in dB and is measured relative to zero. The stronger the signal the closer to zero, therefor a weaker the further away from zero.
-100 is a very bad signal, -50 is a good signal.
Zero is normally zero attenuation (which means weakening of signal). So at Zero there is no weakening of the signal - it is as loud as when it was transmitted.
So the moment the signal leaves the radio it is already lost some of its strength and therefore the strongest signal that we normally measure close to a cellular tower is +- -60 dBm.
Kind regards
Poynting Social Media Team
Ps. Please note that this is a basic explanation to try and simplify this concept and we did not necessarily use the correct technical terms everywhere.
hi Andre Fourie... can you please give the information related to that rsrp and rsrq for lte.... is that values will varies according to internal and external antenna that are connected to hardware... if it varies like that means what is range for internal and external antenna
how do you improve them though`?
Trabalho com os níveis de sinal menor ou igual -85 dBm para a recepção da antena e ruído menor que -18 dB.
I'm not clear as to how a negative RSRQ works. Earlier you explained that it is similar to SNR. You cannot have a negative SNR. You also mentioned that it is based on the reference signal, rather than the entire OFDM signal. So does that mean the value is the ratio, or difference between power of the reference signal vs the enitre OFDM signal? This would make sense to me, but still wouldn't provide useful info regarding SNR.
Good day @dLimboStick, RSRQ = Reference Signal Received Quality: This measurement also considers the RSSI and the number of used Resource Blocks (N). The calculation is: RSRQ = (N * RSRP) / RSSI measured over the same bandwidth. RSRQ is a C/I rather than just a SNR type of measurement; it indicates the quality of the received reference signal. The RSRQ measurement is used to provide additional information when RSRP is not sufficient to make a reliable handover or cell re-selection decision. Kind regards, Pieter Prinsloo, Technical Support Engineer, Poynting Antennas.
I was wondering what is the effect if i increase the below :
1-RRC
2-Throughput
3-Number of cell
Hi Saud, sincere apologies for this late reply; RRC (Radio Resource Control), as you probably know, is quite tightly controlled by the MNO to ensure fair distribution of bandwidth to UE (User Equipment) such as Mobile Phones together with the RRM (Radio Resource Management) layer. Without going into detail, at the RRC/RRM layers the Router has fairly limited control, maybe some influence over 'paging notification and release' but the ultimate control lies with the eNodeB. This means that the Router reacts to RSSI, and predominantly RSRP, RSRQ and SINR, most of these influenced by external factors with the router having some control over transmitter output power and even then if the Router is experiencing for example poor SINR, it would employ it's maximum RF power output strategy/algorithm. Throughput: - these factors will largely influence the ability of the Router to use higher orders of QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), let say the SINR improves, the then the Router could for example step from 16 QAM to 64 QAM (16-bit vs. 64-bit QAM) to increase the number of bits per cycle and of course the throughput; this is controlled automatically by Algorithms set up in the Router. Increasing the number of Cells is good as long as the Receiver can demodulate a 'clean Signal'; the Router, through for eg. an Omni-Directional Antennas, could receive good RSRP/RSRQ and a good SINR and then the Router can be set up, for example, to switch from connecting to the MNO's Tower A to Tower B based upon congestion experienced in Tower A. As we're talking predominantly FWA (Fixed Wireless Access), the Router, through an Omni-Directional External Antenna, may suddenly experience Interference from a Mobile Device on the connection to for example Tower B and based on setup in the Router, it could switch to Tower A, even switch to a different MNO if the Router has multiple SIM cards. Hope that answers your question sufficiently? Be sure to revert if we can clear up any points further, kind regards, Pieter Prinsloo, Technical Marketing Engineer, Poynting (Pty) Ltd.
I have constant -9000 RSSI with Verizon for the last 10 days
Good day, RSSI is measured in dBm, does your Router give you a dBm figure? A typical measurement may be something like for example RSSI = -63dBm?
My challenge is to simulate all of them effectively.
Hi Andre
These are my current values:
RSRP: -76
RSSI: -51
RSRQ: -8
SINR: 7
Do you think I should buy an Antenna?
if so, which one? I am using the Huawei B618 on 2300mhz TDD (Telkom)
Regards
Craig
@@poyntingantennas thank you for the reply
Will buy one and post the figures here once it's set up
Regards
@@poyntingantennas good day
So I bought the Xpol 0006 with 10m cable, my download speed hasn't increased, though my upload increased 3x what I used to get before, I also noticed that my connection is much more stable and speeds are consistent, also Im connected to one Cell tower now and it doesn't jump between towers anymore like it did before.
I'm very happy with the results.
Unfortunately I'm not on face book, but will upload a video to UA-cam and show before and after results.
Cheers.
If your signal is already very good, generally the download speeds won't increase much since your receiver can pick up the "high-powered" carrier signal much better than they could pick up your transmission. So with a high gain Poynting antenna it's no surprise that your UP speed has gone up by 2 to 3 times. On the other hand if your received signal is poor then you should see a nice improvement in both UP and DOWN speeds. Hope that makes sense.
Dr. Fourie, How good does the signal quality or power need to be to get three band carrier aggregation enabled?
PCC RxM RSSI: -58 PCC RxM RSRP: -90
PCC RxD RSSI: -54 PCC RxD RSRP: -86
SCC1 RxM RSSI: -69 SCC1 RxM RSRP: -100
SCC1 RxD RSSI: -68 SCC1 RxD RSRP: -100
RSRQ (dB): -11.9
SINR (dB): 12.2 I can only manage to get B2 and B12 going.
CA (Carrier Aggregation) depends on several variables.
One is the CAT version of your radio, anything above CAT6 has some kind of CA, for example CAT6 has CAx2, CAT18 has CAx3, and CAT24 has CAx4.
Second is your carrier's tower software, which controls the number of bounded channels.
Third is your signal strength, depending on your radio and tower programming they will usually bind channels with an RSSI better than -110.
Fourth, it may also depend on the mobile plan you are subscribed to, some allow the full use of CA, while other cheaper plans might prohibit the use of CA at all.
So, as you can see there are quite a few variables which all must match up to get any kind of CA, let alone your desired CA. ;)
RSRP: -96
RSRQ: -6
SINR: 0
I'm getting speeds on D/L of 60Mbps and U/L of 20Mbps + but find that whilst the connection never drops, it does stall. (webpages don't load, speed tests don't always work) I am assuming its the SINR which is the problem, but no matter where I put the antenna the SINR does not move from 0. Can you clarify that SINR is indeed the issue and what product you have which might help?
My sinr readings show -3 ... wtf
Also last week my download speed went from 15+ down and up to 2 down but surprisingly the upload is still 15 so i started researching this topic ... what is happening here ?
Deathwarrior, question; are you using an external Antenna? Did your Download speed only worsen when your SINR was at -3dB? This level of SINR could point to a high level of local Interference from some Radio Frequency source or just very high Attenuation of the receive signal due to some form of obstruction due to compromised positioning of the Antenna. I mention the possibility of Interference since you stated that you had a situation where your were getting good Upload but poor Download. There could be multiple reasons why Upload would be better than Download. One reason could be Congestion from the Base Station but, if Download is poor ALL the time then it is likely local Interference and, since the Signal in the Uplink is stronger, the Base Station may not be experiencing the same level of SINR at it's receiver and that could explain why Upload is better. That's the short possible explanation, it does get a little more complex when starting to consider Bit Error Rates (BER), Re-Transmission Rates and the Base Station's own Congestion Control etc.If this is indeed an external Antenna installation (which should normally improve your Signal significantly) consider reposition the Antenna to get a better SINR. Pieter Prinsloo, Technical Marketing Engineer, Poynting Antennas.
How can i install my globe broadband away to radio interference
Will you be manufacturing antennas that cover the 3.6Ghz band for 5G
In the US we now have 4-5Ghz 5G bands, any plans for that?
Could not read what he was writing.
RSRQ: -8dB
RSRP: -73dBm
SINR: 4dB
So the first 2 is good, yet my SINR is bad, how do I manage to get that up?
You try to move your antenna little right or lift like five degree five degree
Is there a way we can boost our telkom signal
how to improve rsrp? my rsrq is - 9 while my rsrp is - 109 dBm
You need antenna
I have good result rsrp..rsrq...sinr.....but too slow and the bandwidth is alsa 5mhz
RSRQ -9.O
RSRP 92dbm
RSSI -67dbm
SINR -6
thx
Here in the Philippines was RIP signal.. sad
South African right?
How nice would it be, if you could append just one single letter to your family name... and it should be an R.