Nestor Makhno and the Ukrainian Black Army | Russian Civil War | Polandball/Countryball history
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- Опубліковано 18 сер 2022
- 📢Who was Nestor Makhno and what was his Ukrainian Black Army? What was life like in Anarchist Ukraine? And was leftist unity with the Bolsheviks really the best way to achieve anarchy? Help us make more videos like this one on: 👀
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🏴Nestor Makhno and Rural Anarchism in Ukraine, 1917-1921: amzn.to/3zxffs0
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🔴Red Victory: A History of the Russian Civil War: amzn.to/3DTcS52
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💬Learn about Nestor Makhno, the Ukrainian Black Army, the Russian Civil War, Wrangel, and the humanities at large with CallMeEzekiel in this fun and informative video presented in the Polandball/Countryball style.
🎵 Music from:
- Mother Anarchy Loves Her Sons (Instrumental) • Mother Anarchy Loves H...
- Persona 4:Arena Ultimax [Break Out Of -Instrumental vers.] • Persona 4:Arena Ultima...
- Farewell of Slavianka (Instrumental) • Farewell of Slavianka ...
- "Mother Anarchy Loves Her Sons" (Rock Version) • "Mother Anarchy Loves ...
- "Красная Армия всех сильней" - Red Army March (White Army, Black Baron) • "Красная Армия всех си...
- Stalker OST
- "Batko Makhno" - Ukrainian Anarchist Song (Instrumental) • "Batko Makhno" - Ukrai...
- Чому не вийшло? - Why Didn't it Work? (Ukrainian Anarchist Song) • Чому не вийшло? - Why ...
*💬Bonus Reading Below: Nestor Makhno and the Jews (and the Mennonites)*
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📚Main sources:
🏴Nestor Makhno and Rural Anarchism in Ukraine, 1917-1921: amzn.to/3zxffs0
⚪The Russian Civil War: amzn.to/3h4PDvV
🔴Red Victory: A History of the Russian Civil War: amzn.to/3DTcS52
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*💬Bonus Reading: Nestor Makhno and the Jews (and the Mennonites) -* Something I couldn’t get into the video was Makhno’s approach to dealing with Ukraine’s various ethnic conflicts. The country had always had a long and brutal history of antisemitism. Ukrainian leaders of the Russian Civil War (including Petliura and Grigor’ev) saw no reason to change this and, like their ancestors, harassed and organized pogroms against Ukraine’s Jews. This made Nestor Makhno totally unique among his contemporaries because he was completely opposed to antisemitism. He punished his men whenever they targeted Jews and was happy to recruit them into the Black Army.
A group with which Makhno had much worse relations was the Mennonites - German settlers from the time of Catherine the Great. When the Germans occupied Ukraine, they formed militias and fought against Makhno and other Ukrainian groups. This was in spite of the fact that they were officially pacifists. This turned all of Ukraine, including the Blacks, against the Mennonites. Fighting was frequent and there are reports claiming that, after the capture of Berdyansk, the Black Army carried out pogroms against the Mennonite community in the area.
Helicopter 🚁
Belgium (when they had no government for a long time)
I've gotta make a meme about this.
My family on my mother's side was made up of Mennonites. According to my great-grandpa, who was a child during the civil war, the black army was the greatest danger to his village. Almost all of the neighboring ones had been raided by Makhno, and there was constant fear that they'd be hit next. Great-grandpa said that his father bought a rifle just so he could protect his family in case Bat'ko Makhno ever decided that their village was next.
Out of all the armies that passed through, Wrangel's White Army was the only one that showed any kind of sympathy for my family, and they were happy to come under his protection during his rule over Crimea and Torreda.
I'm glad you mentioned it here, because his anti-antisemetism is another interesting aspect to his character. I did not know about the mennonite stuff though.
>Be Anarchist
>Be relatively good at fighting
>Align with Moscow
>Die
Happened in spain and Ukraine
>Be anarchist
>Compete in a lifelong Don't Read History competition
>Lead in the competition
>Regurgitate falsehoods that are handed down based on zero facts
Happens on the internet all the time
@@jessl1934 I imagine you haven't read much history on anarchist nations.
@@callidusvulpes5556 Go ahead then, take your pick. You'd be surprised.
Kenyan anarchism @@jessl1934
@@jessl1934 Of the anarchist nations that have come about they've all been destroyed due to outside forces specifically the USSR as the Soviet leadership hated nothing more than communists that didn't advocate for authoritarianism as the means to achieve it. Revolutionary Catalonia and Makhnovia were both destroyed by them for instance and you'll struggle to find studies indicating they were failing in any sense other than militarily due to overwhelming amounts of enemies, quite the opposite actually they were achieving both higher growth rates than capitalist war time economies and were actually able to secure gains from that growth rather than inefficiently just plugging in tons of inputs to try and meet ridiculous output demands.
Do one on Green Ukraine and the rest of the Green Armies, or maybe the Japanese during the Russian Civil War. Or maybe other separatists or even Germany during it.
Wasn't GU around Vladvistok (sorry if wrong spelling)/Outer Manchuria
@@ryanfarrelly4647 Vladivostok. Yes they were theee
@Chase Williams I could be wrong but I think they took over some of Siberia like Vladivostok.
The bloody Baron and the us invasion of the northwest
Green Ukraine wasn't one of the Green Armies, it was a nationalist movement of Ukrainians in Siberia
One thing that should be noted is that Grigori'ev was a typical warlord and did not represent the whole Ukrainian People's Republic. He had switched time several times over (first joining the UPR, than defecting to the Soviets and then starting an anti-soviet revolt then planning to join the Whites). The UPR was called nationalist mostly by soviet propaganda, when in fact it was overwhelmingly socialists, but seeking separation from Russia.
'Course he didn't. Because UPR had nothing to do with Machno and his men. You can cut it how you like, but it was nationalistic regardless of its ideology, moreover their ideology changed several times. At the start maybe it was socialist, nobody really knows for sure. Later, during the Htemanate is certainly wasn't. The only thing they would've all agreed on is that Ukraine must be free and Russians are to be shot dead.
UPR was social-democratic not socialist. And yes it was nationalist also, because it wanted separation form Russia. That is literally definiton of nationalism that you want suvereign state with ethnically "correct" people in the head. Whyle socialist were are and will always be internationalists.
@@Project_Amirani UPR at first tried to negotiate for wide autonomy inside Russia, but only after a refusal and the October revolution soon after did it declare independence. And what do you mean ethnically "correct" people? While there were instances of pogroms by warlords the UPR never endorsed any killing or displacement of any nationalities.
@@uamaz5615 I mean that they wanted Ukrainians to govern suvereign Ukraine, thinking that ukrainain bourgeois parties will look after Ukraine and it's people better than russian ones and will not robb it in their own private interest. Well in USSR ukraine was governed by Ukrianians too and they had representatives in council of nationalities (and way more developed economy and culture) but still.
@@Project_Amirani Well you must remember that the Russians were "efficiently governing" (assimilating) them for 300 years, so they had a very good reason to be suspicious. And the process of promoting Ukrainian culture and language was started only after the end of the civil war, and rolled back very quickly when the risk of revolt has passed. After that there was russification, expropriation and a lot of purges, so I think UPR had the right idea.
Looking up Makhnovschina history without crying challenge (impossible)
You must be a Mennonite or something
Yep...
A firefight didn’t breakout, and while Grigoriev did seek some of things that was relatively private, not in front of 20,000 people. Grigoriev was shot by Makhno after creating a banner that claimed “Death to Jews, long live anarchy, and long live Makhno” after being asked if he had made the standard or not.
so makhno assassinated d guy
I heard that he burned his agitator when he writed a pro-makhnovist poster, but with Inscription «Beat the Jews”
@@ikengaspirit3063 more like executed
One reason more that guy was based.
Fuck Antisemitism.
@@ikengaspirit3063 No, he killed an antisemite
I would love to see more videos about the Spanish Civil War. Great video nonetheless, keep up the good work!
Yippe
And people wonder why anarchists have zero faith in communists.
Maybe Makhno shouldn't have betrayed the Bolsheviks and his army wouldn't have gotten clapped.
@@jessl1934and where did he betray? With his partisan actions he stopped Denikin’s army, which was rushing to Moscow and could destroy the Bolsheviks, then, together with the Bolsheviks, he defeated the black baron Wrangel in the Crimea, and after all this help (when there were no strong enemies left) Makhno was suddenly declared a traitor and Destroy, don’t you think this is a setup?
@@koliadazt236 When he commanded his secret police to summarily execute former Bolshevik commanders who defected to the Black Army (extremely anarchist of him to be judge, jury, and executioner like that - and Arshinov would agree.)
When he sought to suppress domestic Bolshevik printing presses in Ukraine (free speech for me, not for thee!)
When he set up terror cells in the Soviet Union.
There's also matters of his military command which, in my opinion, are questionable at points but that is an extremely complicated matter to discuss and draw conclusions from and the UA-cam comments section is just about the worst place to have an earnest discussion about it and to share/dispute sources and competing accounts of Black Army movements during that period so I'm going to give this particular topic a hard pass.
@@koliadazt236 Objective perspectives based on evidence and reason do not matter to the type of person who has a desire to control/rule over others. Often they'll come up with reasons which lower the guard of the public, but it's simply a utility to acquire power.
The Bolsheviks would murder any other faction, even if it was a perfectly ideal communist faction. Because it's not about what's right or wrong, ideologically sound or not. It's about direct control, assured through fear and the threat of violence.
I made a Makhno leader for Ukraine in Civ VI a few months ago. Really cool trying to add an anarchist civilization.
Consider making a CNT-FAI based mod too? Perhaps a Zapatista one? (There was a Zapatista mod in civ 5...)
@@TheLostArchangel666 I've got a lot of plans for the Hispanidad, just not enough time, unfortunately.
Did you establish a military secret police and commit acts of gen*cide too?
Something about Central Asia during the civil war would be cool (Enver Pasha, the Basmachi Movement)
True!!!!
The Jadids, Emirates of Kiva and Bukhara, Basmachi, etc have really interesting histories.
Jadidism vs Kadimism would be interesting so cover
The Basmachi are interesting tbh
swords of paradise is a good read, one of the main inspirations behind Dune
I consider the betrayal of the Ukrainian anarchists to be one of the great tragedies of history. Who knows if their experiment in governance could've worked? Thank you for covering this sadly forgotten chapter in history.
So far they seem to be doing alright for the Zapatistas and Kurds, probably a little updated too.
Anarkiddie detected
It would’ve never worked
@@HistoryMonarch1999 I was really upset by that too!
CHAZ/CHOP says no.
Your Russian civil war series has been amazing! Keep up the good content
One of the most amazing and overlooked historical events ever. What could've been if the Anarchists liberated Ukraine...
Ukraine would’ve completely collapsed lol
@@therealjoediaz And in its place, hundreds of self-organized communities would've sprung up, fully in control of their cities and towns, rather than at the mercy of the incompetence of state, national, and international institutions.
And then they would have all been defeated in detail by the nearest state of any note, or by the most powerful one amongst them, probably Cossacks. It would literally be a repeat of the consolidation of Russia under Moscow, and the smaller the communities the bigger push overs they would be, such a disorganised, disunited and feeble structure is literally the conditions for a good source of slaves throughout most of history.
@@Inoffensive_name the ussr brought Ukraine up and made it a industrial power
@@MrPeterPan And then burned it all down while retreating to Moscow
Mother Anarchy loves her sons. Another great video.
"It was here, in Ukraine, where the most successful modern anarchist society was formed"
Spain: And I took that personally
Now I want to watch a movie on the Ukrainan Black Army
There is a russian TV-Show called "Nine lives of Nestor Machno".
@@DerDrakoyeah, I don't think russian tv about ukrainian is gonna be unbiased
@@typicaluser697 Technicly you are right. But it does not matter much in this case.
Today is birthday of Nestor Mahno (8 November 1888). Happy Birthday Nestor! (A)
For anyone interested in reading about The Ukrainian Black Army & Nestor Makno, Moorhead State College Professor Dr. Victor Peters wrote a book in 1970 titled: Nestor Makhno - The Life of an Anarchist. It's surely worth reading...
As you addressed an ancom society it would be excellent to see your take on Cospia. Excellent video man, keep up the good work.
Mother Anarchy loves her sons! 🇺🇦 🇺🇦
1 thing to note: Makhno's ideology was not typical Anarcho-communism. It was called Platformism: basically a leftist version of Minarchism with a sort-of government that has little influence on the land other than preventing states from rising up in the commune and distributing land.
actually Platformism was born later from the association of Russian anarchists in France, which Makhno was part of, the Free Territory wasn't Platformist, but the army specifically was taken as a model for the defence skeleton of Platformism
This is not a "minarchy" just a centralised democracy for coordonate war efforts
@@hant_blue_habsbourg_bonapa9192 Yes
That's not what platformism is at all. Platformism is, essentially, a form of anarchist praxis that rejects "leftist unity" and advocates for federations of specifically anarchist organizations that are united around a agreement on a core platform, to minimize infighting and prevent authoritarian cooption. It has nothing to do with the organization of a post-revolution society. It was invented by Makhno and others *after* the Russian Civil War, partly influenced by the Bolshevik's betrayal of the Anarchists.
Your characterization of platformism isn't even within a mile of the truth. If you dropped a Tsar Bomba on actual Platformism, your description wouldn't even feel the shockwave. Makhno was a committed Anarchist-Communist, Platformism was a type of praxis for achieving Anarchist-Communism that Makhno & co. developed after the war, not a "leftist version of Minarchism". This leaves me with an important question: where the fuck did you get your idea of platformism from?
@@hant_blue_habsbourg_bonapa9192 That is also incorrect. Read my other comment.
During that period also were Black Zaporozhians, they had guerrilla tactic after bolsheviks win and even established short lived Kholodny Yar Republic. Their motto was "Ukraine or death" or "Freedom of Ukraine or death"
Recent fan. Glad I stumbled across your channel. Really liked your anarchist videos
Still waiting for Napoleon III
If it MUST be a book:
- the shadow emperor
- memoirs of dr. Evans
Based anarchist
Literally just yesterday I was thinking about you making a video about the Free territory. What a good day!
Great job on this
I would recommend doing a video/videos on the dissolution of Austria-Hungary and the chaos that ensued.
No gods, no masters
...then why did Mahkno kill the dissenting voices in his army?
Sounds a lot like Mahkno was the master...
@@dclark142002 you mean the antisemetics who did pogroms, yeah id kill them too if they were in an army, almost like antisemetic pogroms is against the ideals of anarchism
@@dclark142002 You havent read his book have you. He killed those that betrayed him or caused harm to the ukranian farmers
I’ve been waiting for this video for so long I’m so glad that’s it’s finally out!
Yes! I was looking forward to this!
Oooh more channels I can binge. Great video
I HAVE BEEN WAITING FOREVER FOR THIS
This guy always makes incredible videos
Enjoyed the background music
Love your content dude keep it up!
Notice how it said the anarchists lost morale when they were well-fed under the Reds. This shows how food comes before politics.
Nice video and introduction to a great person. His essays are well worth a read. i would love ro see a video on the anarchist societies in Korea that were around a bit later than this.
Very good video, high effort. Love it!
I have waited for this
Amazing video as espected 👌
The art only gets better and better
Nice background music
LETS GO I HAVE BEEN WAITING FOR THIS ONEE
I can't wait for the video on the Friekorp and Sparticus revolt
12:42 if that's about a video on Finland and Mannerheim, then count me excited
Love your content could u consider a video on ireland?
If only Makhno didn't ally with the damned Bolsheviks.
He might of been lost faster, we may never know
Its a good day when ezekiel uploads
Russian Civil War Indeed Is A Very Interesting Topic.
It'd be really interesting to have seen it suceed because I don't know how they would've managed their economy without the price system
I’d love to know more more about the Red Army side of the Civil War, seeing as you’ve done some videos for the other sides
mother anarchy really loves her sons
Thank you Ezekial, I had been interested in History before, but whenever I would try and read any book I'd struggle to pay attention and get truly invested into them. That was until watching your video on Pyotr Wrangel, and then I bought Always With Honour, now I am 135 pages into it reading a little every day, and I look-see in every book store I can.
Also I have watched a lot of your videos particularly around the general chaos of the Eastern Front and its aftermath, where do you get all your information?
P.S. Do you think Pyotr Wrangel is similar to William Marshall?
Great video, Always thought what was that wierd anarchy state in ukraine
Great Video's
Good work
I once again request an Ungern-Sternberg video good sire
🎶 Anarchia mama 🎶
Not an anarchist but i would support an ideal anarchist revolution any day
seems like u are acordding to ur pfp
@@poisonousbadge126 ?
@@SmashingCapital anarchy communist, black and red, whilst ur name is smashing capital
@@poisonousbadge126 the flag is solely red
I would’ve been in the black army if it existed when we lived 🏴🏴🏴🏴🏴🏴🏴
Actually it was hard to get in, you would have to get in a certain ime when they had enough resources
@@GeneralBongmeister true.
Mother Anarchy Loves Her Sons
Thanks!
Countryballs teaching me more than school
so sad it failed in the end.
Good video Can you do a video on Russian mafia in Ussr
Makhno should’ve requested help from the Entente or even the Weimar Republic and play both the Allies and the Soviets against each other.
I don‘t think the entente would have supported Makhno. The Weimar Republic DEFINITELY wouldn‘t have, because of the whole Spartacist thing.
at the later stages of the war the entente barely even supported the nationalists so why would they support other communists?
Do one for Ungern-Sternberg
you should do a video on the OUN/UPA
It would be great just to do a whole episode on the assassination of Bandera. I'd watch that on repeat.
What an unfathomably based moment in Eastern European history.
💁♂️💨💀
Mother anarchy loves her sons!
Pls I beg you make one on Grigory Mikhaylovich Semyonov
part 2 plz
Too bad Makhno did not know about Böhm-Bawerk.
Now the russo-Ukrainian front lays through Huliaipole
well a good new video about anarchism
Nice! Will you make a video about Ukrainian campaigns into Crimea by Bolbochan or Ukraine’s People’s Republic itself?
Great man Makhno
Machine Gun Horse Drawn Buggies? What a crazy time period lmao
you should do a video on Cospaia. the Italian AnCap city state that lasted for 400 years
These russian civil war videos are amazing!
Vendee uprising vid pls
could you do the russo-japanese war or the winter war?
Will you also make a video about the Hungarian Council Republic then?
Finnish winter war and continuation war next?
nice pfp, also he did them I think
already done.
Can’ wait for black army part 2
Great video however I must stress that Mariupol is pronounced (Marie-yu-pull). Other than that great work with your recent videos about the Russian Civil War
Makhno 🍷🗿
Do a video on the neo-zapitas
I think the next video has got to be Finland.
Kinda ironic that Ukrainian Nationalists like Makhno given the history.
I mean it is not that ironic when you take into account other Ukrainian heroes or if you read what Nestor wrote in his late life in France,he had more complicated relationship with Nationalists(he was willing to corporate with Ukrainian Nationalists and others in Ukraine to some extent),he did defend the Ukrainians against The Russian forces(White and Reds)who were abusing them as just another province,he was undoubtedly a brave,innovative and great military leader(and good ruler)without the hate of ethnic background(he was one of the few non antisemitic leaders at the time in Russian Civil war).Last thing and maybe the most important I think,is that culturally and geographically his state was basically the latest version of the Zaporozhyian Cossack in all but name even having nickname batka,Zaporozhyian Cossacks are the basis for Ukrainian Nationalists even if they don't like everything(and they don't)he at very least looked like Ukrainian hero who was wrong in his judgment,btw not the only one in Ukrainian's history.
He was hero of our people, not nation. He definitely one of persons in history and everyone have different opinion about him.
Please do Turkish independence war after finishing Russian civil war series
I think the design for the anarchist balls could have been the flag of makhnovchina and the eyes of the skull is were the eyes would be
Rest in peace, my idol.
The alliances in this video in a nutshell;
team A; hey, i hate you, but team C is approaching
team B; I agree, lets unite our forces
team A hey actually screw you
team B; what?? ok war it is
team A; shit thats actually hard. Come on team C we've got a job to do
team C; alright fine
team A; no, screw that as well, thats getting nowhere
team D; tell me about it
team A; hm... how about we cooperate just for this one time?
team D; ok lets do it
team A; ok that did go well, now f off
team D; dammit
team C; great, now i can finally end you
team A; uh oh... team B? just for this one?
team B; no need to tell me twice
and repeat
Mai fidarsi dei fascisti rossi 🏴
Apparently "creating a successfull anarchist society" is when you engange in free market trade with foreign powers
Anarchism isn’t opposed to free trade, it is opposed to capitalism, the institution under which whoever’s generate value for a business, which is claimed by the employer, with only a fraction of said value being returned as wages. Socialism calls for businesses to be owned by the workers, run democratically, with profits being democratically distributed.
@@mayhemamigos4766 LMAO, lame at the long run the politic doesn't work because business and owners don't have enough money to invest in more business or shareholders ergo increasing the economy.
Honestly, this seems like a very romanticised picture of Nestor Makhno. You don't tell of any of the atrocities he and his men committed.
Peasants would tell stories of how during Makhno's baptism, the priest's clothing caught fire and how he was going to be the Anti-Christ.
One story tells of the village Steinbach and how a man, Epp, had found the entire village murdered by Makhno's men. If you're sensitive to atrocities, you should not read what I am about to quote.
He says:
"Here I saw a scene of indescribable horror that I will never forget as long as I live. Mrs Hildebrandt lay in the small bedroom just inside the door to the corner room, completely unclothed. One of her arms had been chopped off and lay on the floor in the middle of the room. Her youngest baby lay dead in the cradle. It's neck hacked off. The woman was one of those who had been raped, before or after her murder."
This is just one of many of the atrocities Makhno's men committed. For sure, his men were not the only ones who plundered, murdered and raped, that was common, to varying degrees, among all of the different parties fighting in Ukraine, but his reputation for it should bear mention.
I'm sorry, but I had to say this because you say words like "unfortunately" and seem excited at the idea of hearing what an anarchist society might have looked like, but you don't tell of the cost and horror from it.
oh man. literally the entire thing u just wrote was based on a story of one village thats not even in ukraine. and obv its this pfp. ujust mad than lib-cap never happened, arent u?
@@czescjestemztefan2562
Doesn’t matter if it took place in Ukraine or not. It was committed by Makhno and his men. To romanticise about these revolutionaries, portraying them as heroes and not talk about any of the atrocities they committed is the point of my comment.
That it happened in Russia and not Ukraine is besides the point.
@@sirnilsolav6646 Ne seri, pičketino glupa.
What lying rot. Mahkno executed rapists among his ranks. Meanwhile the Bolsheviks were notoriously rapacious, and killed so many civilians. In addition they pogromed lots of Jews.
@@KS-bo5bg
If that’s true, it’s interesting how an anarchist became very authoritarian and demanded discipline amongst his ranks.
Either way, I think that these things should be adressed in the video
So we will see a video of baveria revolution , hungarian , finnish civil war?
Do the anarchists of Barcelona
Nothing says anarchy more than requsitioning for military needs :P
They took weapons from their enemies. They protected people from requsitioning by the Reds.
@@mirromarnicco3162 7:48
"This lighting advance was made possible by requisitioning *fresh horses* en route"
@@wiizzpl4718 "They started infighting again. It was because the Bolsheviks tried to forcibly take food out of Ukraine. When Makhno stopped their grain requisitiong detachments, tensions flared."
@@mirromarnicco3162 So it makes it okay for the black army to requisition horses because the reds tried to requisition food?
@@wiizzpl4718 Yes, because the Reds not only stole food, but also killed, tortured, and imprisoned millions. Black army had lots of support among local populace. And I don't know what you would do, but I would prefer the Blacks taking my horses over the Reds making me starving and possibly killing me. Also, EVERYONE requisitioned stuff in this war.
I wanna be a history teacher one day so when one day im lazy i can just play your videos like how science teachers play bill nye
Good
Europe Post ww1:
Who are u guys fighting again?
Litareally Everyone: Everyone!
I'm gonna take a guess that the next video is about Mannerheim and Finland