Syzygy (plus orbits and interplanetary travel) - Sixty Symbols
Вставка
- Опубліковано 9 вер 2024
- WARNING: Don't challenge Dr Meghan Gray to a game of Scrabble - this video is about interplanetary travel and orbits.
More links and info below ↓ ↓ ↓
Hohmann Transfer Orbits, Voyager Probes, and of course THAT Tesla.
More videos with Dr Gray: bit.ly/Meghan_P...
See our moon rocks and soil videos on Objectivity: bit.ly/Objectivity
Visit our website at www.sixtysymbol...
We're on Facebook at / sixtysymbols
And Twitter at / sixtysymbols
This project features scientists from The University of Nottingham
bit.ly/NottsPhy...
Patreon: / sixtysymbols
Sixty Symbols videos by Brady Haran
Animation by Pete McPartlan
www.bradyharanb...
Email list: eepurl.com/YdjL9
(*) the Earth version of Scrabble has only 2 Ys - but we were playing the Martian Edition.
A selection of Sixty Symbols patrons will receive a cool signed postcard based on today's video - make sure you add your postal address on your Patreon to be eligible (existing patrons can go into their pledge and add their address)... www.patreon.com/sixtysymbols
in fact only 117 of the 255 alignments of planets has had enough time to repeat at least once in the 4.5 billion age of the solar system.
Jupiter aint got no land to land on.
What about the Foodskey channel? Have you definitely abandoned it? At least a statement would be nice...
@@omeshsingh8091 No but you can use jupiter for aerobraking to get yourself into a nice jovian orbit intercepting one of the moons that have a solid surface for instance.
love the animations in this one. Cheers!
Fun fact, when picking a user name for a BBS many years ago I thought of this word I'd read. However I didn't remember how to spell it or pronounce it, so I came up with Szyzyg - which is still my username on a number of systems.
So is this not the same word as your username and just a coincidence?
Even better, you'll get that word into the dictionary at some point :-)
@@alexdecicco5716 what coincidence? He basically said he had read and intended syzygy but spelled it wrong.
Oh hey, I love your videos Scott.
Do Kerbals names generate the same way?
What I find amazing is that there are more 13 to 16 year olds that know exactly what is being discussed here because of the Kerbal Space simulator and Scott Manley who played the simulator on UA-cam for several years. He made it as much about learning these things as he made it about entertainment. Kids were learning astrophysics and didn't even realize it. I, myself, at age 65 have played KSP enough to understand the terminology and ideas you are explaining in this video, but if it wasn't for KSP and S. Manley, I would be scratching my head on much of it. In my opinion Scott Manley should be given some sort of prestigious teacher's award for the number of young people he taught in a two or three year time.
1:26 "[The Expanse is] a story that's entirely set within the solar system." So, a bit like Friends, then?
Well, technically... leading up to the last season finale.... That's not true anymore XD
Taricus yeah when ross and rachel reached solar escape velocity, that was pretty surprising
Half expected this video to end with "I'm Scott Manley, fly safe"
I started looking for KSP references in the comments at the very start of the video. Was not disappointed. :)
I'm Scott Manley, Fly it like ya Stole it
I had the same feeling.
@@waify2678 SNACKs!!!!
"The Expanse"
*stares excitedly*
"Kerbal Space Program"
*vibrations intensify*
This was a really good introduction to orbital mechanics. Thank you!
I'm going to change my facebook occupation to "Participant in the Kerbal Space Program". Dr Gray is the best!
"Pluto's not a planet!"
He walks out...
I loved it!
just like Pluto walked out on us
Crashing a probe on a planet is called lithobraking.😁
I love it!
the most fun and the most deadly form of breaking
common for "impactor" probes
Just like how the rocket didn't explode, it had a rapid unplanned explosive disassembly...
@@taylorhancock5834 In same same light, I have "re-kitted" numerous radio-controlled aeroplanes.
Thanks! Your explanation of an orbit is exactly what I tell people to imagine! :) I say, "Picture falling. Now, imagine you're dreaming that you're falling. Then you realize that the weirdest thing is happening: as you fall, the ground is actually curving away from you! You feel like you should hit it any second, but because it keeps curving, you just keep on falling! Well, *_that's an orbit!"_* I love this word: syzygy. What a cool word! I really *_do_* learn something new every day! Thanks again. Rikki Tikki.
Go forwards (tangentially forward in your orbit direction) to go up (out in the orbital direction). Go up to go back. Go back to go down. Go down to go forward. Orbital maneuvers for dummies. Learned that from the book The Integral Trees years ago.
Scott Manley and Kerbal Space Program taught me all of this... great to hear KSP mentioned in this vid... love it!
10:00 I still vote for that manhole cover being the fastest object launched. The text below is from What-if 35.
"The official record for fastest manmade object is the Helios 2 probe, which reached about 70 km/s in a close swing around the Sun. But it’s possible the actual holder of that title is a two-ton metal manhole cover.
The cover sat atop a shaft at an underground nuclear test site operated by Los Alamos as part of Operation Plumbbob. When the one-kiloton nuke went off below, the facility effectively became a nuclear potato cannon, giving the cap a gigantic kick. A high-speed camera trained on the lid caught only one frame of it moving upward before it vanished-which means it was moving at a minimum of 66 km/s. The cap was never found."
"Maybe that's where they started" (in a straight line). - Brilliant! :D
I think this new model of solar system formation should be called The Haran Accretion Line Theory.
Planet alignment within around thirty degrees (about as close as they can get) happened in 561 BC, and the next will be in 2854.
The perfect aligment is impossible becouse planets are tilted on slighty different planes.
But if we don't care about this one axis, it is probable to happen after about 8 billion years. Unfortunately at that time Sun will probably destroy first three planets, including Earth, so I'm not shure if that counts.
But something like 5-6 planets alignment happens much more often, a couple times in our life time might occur.
I thought we don't have fixed plans for the planets. Definitely not so for the earth
When I saw the video title, I thought, "Oh boy!" - but a minute into watching it, I thought, "Hohmann!"
haHAA i see wat u did there
It is obvious if you think about it. The minimum energy for a transfer orbit from Earth to Mars, Jupiter, or whatever, is the doubly tangential orbit. Tangent to Earth's orbit and tangent to Mars's orbit. Clearly no other orbit could use less energy.
This pun has me Oberth a moon
Whoa, Dr. Gray called us "participants in the Kerbal Space Program" :-o I feel honored now! I always thought of myself as a gamer hahaha! :-D
So KBS is NASA getting people to work for them for free?
Dr. Gray you are such a pleasant person to listen to, and lovely to see, thank you for all your work and sharing your expertise
Excellent video on the basics of Syzygy and related,aspects of orbital dynamics. Worth noting that Apollo 13 used a slingshot maneuver to return to Earth.
This was a GREAT episode! Lots of interesting info, covered very well. Dr. Gray is great!
"Maybe that is where they started?" xD
Sindar Rin
Only if the Universe is a simulation, which is actually not that improbable.
"You're troubling me today"!
@@heekimsang I think the term used was even "trolling". Brilliant :-)
What a morning! A a nice cup of coffee and a video by sixty symbols to revise the Hohmann transfer. Couldn't ask for more! :)
Coffee with soymilk?
@@persereikanen6518 I drink black 🙂
@@YTBeyondBorders Strong black coffee? 😓
Great presentation. Many of your viewers need this kind of “simplification” to understand these concepts. Thank you very much.
The way she kinda laughed at Brady's idea @2:58 is pure gold.
That gravity well animation was superbly done.
12:00 Douglas Adams famously described flying as “falling at the ground and missing”. But Dr Gray says what I have always thought, that that is a more apt description of orbiting than flying.
I love how many topics are covered in this video!
1:26 "(The Expanse) It's a story that's entirely set in the solar system." Oh boy, you are in for such a treat. I can only highly recommend watching the series or if you want more, read/listen to the novels. The Expanse is an awesome piece of SciFi with a ton of plausible physics and astronomy in it.
Was a little bit too boring for me. And I like slow sci-fi. Just couldn't hack it.
@@CalvinHikes How many episodes have you seen? The beginning is very slow because of a lot of necessary world building, then it somewhat speeds up in the second half of season 1. Second season is much better with better pacing and third season speeds up again, with the last few episodes being almost too fast. So I can assure you that after the slow start, it's anything but boring.
Happy days calculating Hohmann transfer orbits. I had a home made version which ran on my Vic 20
You could also generalize a Hohman tranfer for non planer and non circular orbits using a porkchop plot which can be obtained by solving Lambert's problem.
Came for The Expanse shoutout, stayed for the rest of the video.
same here!
??
I love this dr Gray. Her method of expressing what she knows is most invigorating; one of a kind.
For years, I used the name Syzygy Dichotomy for my MMORPG necromancers. It's been one of my favorite words since reading the SciFi "Syzygy" by Michael Coney in the 70's.
I actually did a report/project surrounding the Parker Solar Probe in school a few months ago and I fell in love with the project. Man these things are so interesting! Would love to some day work with stuff like this, but sadly I don't think that'll happen. Loved the video!
It is always such a treat when you post videos with Dr. Gray.
She and Dr. Eisenbud are favorites of mine. Thanks, Brady.
First Kieth on Objectivity dropping a Firefly reference and now Dr Gray & The Expanse. Nerd credentials recognized.
And guess who doesn't know either!
OMG Dr Meghan Gray watches the expanse too!!, well I shouldn't be too surprised in the sense that for a hardish sci-fi show to be liked by actual scientists but still, it's my fav show of all time and so it's still nice to see/hear.
Syzygy is from greek 'συζηγια' συν(=both) and ζυγός(=bond). So it basically means 'in pair'.
"Pluto's not a planet"
*gets up to go* "I'm leaving"
Big same
"pluto is not a planet"
"I'll let myself out" :D
Meghan Gray loves The Expanse, awesome!
I'm catching up on the videos on Braadys' various channels of late, great to see this, as I have a growing fascination with orbital mechanics. Dr. Grays' style is great, Succient, informative, and a genial manner. Having fun watching his as I learn more and more on orbital mechanics :)
I'm glad I finally know how to pronounce the name of this X-Files episode.
I hoped she would have mentioned that it actually costs more energy to go into the sun, than to go out of the solar system.
That sounds counter-intuitive, how does that work? Interesting.
this video was so good. thanks dr. gray and 'dr.' haran. more orbmech please :D
KSP has prepared me for this
Deep Sky Videos and KSP, the perfect syzygy. 😀
Love how the Canadian astronomer gets in a plug for the Canadian sci-fi show! Sixty Symbols and The Expanse are equally awesome, btw. When there is too much craziness going on in the world, channels like 60S apply the soothing balm of facts and intelligent discussion.
As a veteran KSP player, there were shivers going down my spine watching this video. Mostly from the animations, though, the talk was fine. Orbit lines don't do such horrible things in simplified cases this video was about.
chill out bro, ksp is a video game, simplified greatly in its own rite.
@@aakksshhaayy it only takes a few seconds to google how hohmann transfer orbit looks like. The fact that they got it wrong in the animation suggests level of ignorance animators apply to their work and undermines educational value of the whole video.
@@kasuha Who said those silly trajectories were supposed to represent Hohmann transfer orbits? Or any sane orbit? They are, however, physically possible trajectories. The question the video addressed was how to distinguish a reasonable orbit from a ridiculous one.
@@michaelsommers2356 maybe you should watch the video again if you don't remember what they were talking about in it.
@@michaelsommers2356 in particilar, the orbit presented in the video thumbnail is unphysical. Especially in context given to it in the video and in continuation drawn to it in the video. I don't blame you for not recognizing it but I don't think it's right to promote and defend ignorance. Flat earthers recruit from people who get physical principles this subtle level wrong.
Thanks, Brady, for your showing of solidarity with Pluto!!
Timely, or timingly.
The time duration timing modulation component of Orbital sciences is in terms of accelerations and momentum, which is another nomenclature for quanta-quantization and spin. Acknowledging the energy levels relationships of E=mc² in spin timing reciprocals, the kind of timing ability of the latest cameras that can image light in motion, it's also possible to imagine an inner Transfer Orbital shifting around reciprocal balanced constants, in Eternity-now, Actuality of Time.., Mathematics-> Pure Dynamic Temporal Fluxion-Integral Calculus, of e-Pi-i logarithmic orbital-orbits, of QM-TIME resonances.
Delta-V is one of the best words ever created. It sounds so good.
Another Professor Gray video. That's good news.
Looking forward to watching it in its entirety tonight when I get home.
My favorite video yet
4:18 Someone else got the snacks reference to Kerbal Space Program
Brady is such a moon landing fan, I think it would be pretty funny watching him try to do it properly in KSP.
4:39 I laughed at loud as she mentioned KSP. I knew this was coming lol
Came because I wanted to learn. Stayed because Dr Gray's a fan of The Expanse.
electric universe postulates that we had an north pole alignment,with the planets lined up, but the harmonic convergence they were lined up
I brake for Hohmanns. It should be a bumpersticker.
Legends are very much appreciated, thank you very much!!!
Dr. Gray's videos are always a pleasure.
Yay! Dr. Meghan!
The Hohmann transfer is the first maneuver used by the Soyuz to get to the ISS. The second is the Bi-elliptical transfer. I just learn that from an ESA’s video, and I’m so glad to see it here (and to know what you’re talking about!)
On approach to Jupiter, when the planet is catching up with you from behind, you can use a deficit in speed, relative to the sun, as orbital speed relative to Jupiter. If the geometry is right, then Jupiter's gravity will just swing you around into orbit, and you'd thereby save a few km/sec in delta-vee.
My brain is sizzling when I hear syzygy
1000
Thank you for "The Expanse" tip.
Maybe a video on the bi-elliptic transfer...? I once tried to derive the magic 11.94 constant using the vis-viva energy conservation equations, and ended up with an unholy mess of square roots of sums of square roots that would have left me with 6th- or 8th-order polynomials to solve. I ended up writing a simulation verifying that the maneuver used a teensy bit less fuel than a Hohmann maneuver when the target orbit was 11.94 times that of the starting orbit... but numerical methods rarely tell you "why". So my question to you is: Why?
I'm sure it was a memorable Earth transit, seen from Jupiter.
Brady needs to play around with Kerbal Space Program. He will learn more astrophysics and understand more of the theory being taught
2:21 Nice Rolex Explorer I, Brady! You should've been wearing a Speedmaster for the anniversary of the moon landing, though!
I played Kerbal space program before mods and tracking station.
So i know all tricks of gravity assisting and Hoffman transfer. :)
I admit, I did decide to read the coments, you know, just in case. :D
and even Hohmann transfers
I don’t know how I ended up here, but I learned so much in a short amount of time!
I just knew Syzygy from the Michael Brecker track of the same name!
1:21 -- *THIS IS A VERY COOL VIDEO,* and thanks for the upload! *SPOILER ALERT!*
When Jupiter was in opposition with respect to the Sun and the Earth, the best time to have gone from Earth to Jupiter would have been about 2 months prior to Earth arriving "pretty much as close to Jupiter as it will get", which is another way of saying, "as close to the Jupiter-Sun L1 Point as it will get".
Lagrange points are the best way to quickly figure out economical yet quick routes between various bodies in the Solar System. *AND HAPPILY,* Lagrange points "line up" along harmonics of 60° which, in Earth annual orbital terms, is 2 months. So then, what we are picking is the best time *with respect to the position of the Sun,* which is "down" in the gravity well. Jupiter also has a gravity well; and the flattest point to go "uphill", as it were, is the economical route. BUT WHY 2 Months? You insist on knowing?? I'll tell you why. It is the best time to aim for Jupiter-Sun L2... that's why.
^^ *HOW QUICK?* If we're talking to Mars, as quick as any near Earth orbiting asteroid or comet can make the transit, and even quicker if humans can develop a constant boost method of propulsion. Much much less than 1 G of constant boost gets us to Mars in under a month. And Jupiter is not much further than that.
Call me L5 ... posting this in September. XD
Sweet vid. Are you ever worried that a car or truck will jump the guardrail on the road behind you, slide down the hill and crash in to your house? There are some big vehicles going by up there.
Interesting fact - if the Parker Solar probe could maintain its peak speed and head towards the closest star (proxima centauri) it would take it 11,000 years to get there. We are a long way in distance, time and technology from visiting another star.
Syzygial is a better word as you use all 7 letters (must add to a word for 8th letter) so you can get the 50 bingo bonus points for using all your tiles and since there are only 2 y's in the game (excluding the blanks.)
Hohmann transfer is least fuel to reach another body, but bielliptic transfer is least fuel to *match orbits* with another body.
you238
Not always. If the larger radius is less than 11.94 times the size of the smaller one, Hohmann transfer is always more efficient.
15:04 Solar sails actually catch sunlight, not the solar wind. I don’t think the solar wind exerts much pressure.
Well even if you assume only the gravitational pull of two bodies, there are more fuel efficient methods than Hohmann transfer like low-energy transfers. Even if you assume only the gravitational pull of of the body you are orbiting, there is still another maneuver called bi-elliptic transfer which is sometimes more fuel efficient than Hohmann transfer.
It is not constructive to tell something is impossible without being sure about it. Just tell that it is the most fuel efficient transfer that you know of or tell that it is the easiest one to communicate.
Love the Scrabble board - love the series.
How is nobody talking about the OA?
Syzygy!
I was scrolling just to find a comment like this (or make it myself). ;) I actually thought it was a made-up word in the show, but I see now that the meaning makes perfect sense in the context of the show. Amazing show, BTW!
Elgsdyr
When I first saw on the show I mind-noted to search its meaning but eventually forgot. Was so happy to know it's appropriate!
I see there are two comments saying "three wise, man"
Well, now there's three...
i think one misconception is we are falling, thing is there is nothing to fall too. more like we are being pulled towards. so to put it in other terms, its not gravity, but attraction. .
Is Dr Gray going to comment on the 2020 Nobel prize fort Physics? Yes please!
She's one of my favorite professors
"Pluto isn't a planet"
yeah, that's a mistake that needs to be undone already.
Great stuff , McDuff . It's an orbilative subject .
15:11 We could use a laser at our end to provide a powered boost in the departure phase. But there wouldn’t be anyone with a laser at the other end to slow the probe down when it arrives. We don’t think so, anyway.
Sunlight is much more powerful than a laser and the energy source is free.
So basically we just toss it and it "falls" straight thru spacetime. It's somewhat amazing that even though we have these vast distances, you really dont need a lot of energy to get anywhere - if you got enough time at hand :-)
Awesome work Thankyou
Queue Scott Manley. :)
fly safe
Scott Manley will always be one of my favorite youtubers because he taught us how to play Kerbal Space Program.
@@yaldabaoth2 Aah, Scott Manley, the one and only, the legend =) with that voice he could sell training videos '"How to watch paint dry" and still make a fortune.
@@1_2_die2 "I'm Scott Manley. Dry Safe"
Great video,thank's 👍
i love the expanse.
Please do it “All to Scale” relative to Size & Distance. It would wake everybody up!
JUST finished watching all available episodes of the expanse, I was impressed with their dedication to realistic depiction but I feel like they relied a bit too much on the mag-boots and the actors, when their boots were engaged, appeared and moved as though they were under the effects of normal gravity.
Lol “you’re trolling me today” lol lol priceless
Scott Manley!!
Thank u guys ...I found u ....from someone else's suggestion