I like these long interviews. They give me insight into what cosmology really is, and how it's incredibly interesting. I've already decided that if at all possible, I want to be a physicist, and these videos didn't just help me make that decision, they are also helping me figure out what areas of physics are most interesting and suited to how I work. Thank you, Brady, and *Thank you, professor Copeland*.
Looking on UA-cam, I note that almost everyone, Christian, Secular, Muslim, is an 'expert' on (a) biological evolution, (b) cosmology/the 'big bang', and (c) philosophy! Except, of course, they're not, so how interesting to learn the latest ideas from someone who actually has knowledge and understanding of the subject on which he speaks. Thanks for uploading.
@derek24hudson Lol! Ain't that the truth. It's quite amusing to read some of the crackpot theories I come across in these comments threads by people who think they have it all figured out and the real physicists/cosmologists like Ed here don't know a thing. Kills me every time.
And most UA-cam commenters seem to enjoy speaking in absolutes. They completely forget to mention the word "theory", or its definition, and seem to always know it all in absolutes, no matter the subject.
Sixty Symbols I would love to see an interview with Professor Michael Merrifield in regards to galaxy formation, and its connection to dark matter. From what I understand he studies galaxies, and to learn about their formation, and how dark matter connects with their rotation, in this sort of context, would be fascinating.
I love these videos. Brady asking "is this the observable universe or the whole universe" shows that there is a big problem with the way we use the word universe. We need some sort of nomenclature that is less ambiguous than "universe" and "Universe" or the cumbersome "observable universe" and "entire universe".
As I listen to Ed late in the evening, a warm, safe feeling surrounds me much like mum calming me when my imagination would run wild. So many questions about "why" interrupt my sleep occasionally, but Ed is like a hand in the deep part of a pool reassuring and giving hope and understanding to purpose and questions that elude me.
joetylerdale imagine a infinitely compressible fluid with velocity c, containing toroidal vortex rings (particles). These rings have angular momentum and are quantised by Bose Einstein statistics. The model I have described seems so complicated that it would be able to derive all the other known physical laws with greater accuracy. Best thing is, you don't have to say time is a dimension unless your in the reference frame of a vortex. Which you aren't. I'm not a professor..
In order to make ice cream, you need to start from the basics. First, you need some singularity, then inflaton field that will rapidly expand into a space-time universe and the singularity will then expand and eventually mater will form. It gets a bit more complicated later on.
Ed Copeland is excellent. He is great at explaining very complex and difficult subjects. His manner and tone are comforting and reassuring. He is one of the best subjects for these interviews.
I remember watching this video multiple times right after it was published; I was fascinated by cosmology and enjoyed the professor’s voice very much. It’s been 6 years: I got my bachelor’s in math last year and I am now a master student in math. Tomorrow I have a General Relativity exam. Now I understand much better, especially the pain behind all the calculations required to understand all these facts. I still love the professor’s voice!
I have nothing but admiration for the quality of Brady's work. Even his questions are intelligent and perceptive, and the answers they garner are so illuminating. Although usually fleeting one almost doesn't notice them, but succinctly they garner marvellous interesting narrative from the professor. A truly masterful journalist esp when you compare him to how journalists on broadcast TV blather on, rarely adding value, and indeed often derailing the expert. Brady, proff and Nottingham you really have enriched my life- I get excited every time you post a video, this one was so exciting in that it was lovely and long :)
When I get tired, I listen to Ed Copeland to get a boost at doing a bit more research before I call it a day. All professors in Sixty Symbols are great, but Ed is the man.
He is one of my favorite scientists. The way he calmly talks about things makes me really hooked to the explanations. Love to watch it before I go to bed.
It would be really great to have this precise interview (and ones on related concepts) repeated yearly. Same form, same physicists, same subjects. That would make an accessible and engaging record of how the picture evolves. It’s already fascinating to see the speculative comments of these amazing folks at Nottingham from, say, before and after the observation of the Higgs particle, the results from LIGO, etc...
***** I think you misunderstand. The professor used "mystique" as a way to describe the claims people who say they _do_ know (religions and new age and pseudosciences), as a way to politely say they are not scientific.
Such an excellent professor, no wonder I can hear his speeches for more than 20 minutes without losing attention and remembering virtually everything he said, with a full understanding of the subject explained. I really thank you Brady for uploading those one on one interviews with Copeland regarding those subjects, even though some of those were already discussed in this channel.
As I understand it, the universe never expanded "into" anywhere, but rather space puffed up -or became an aspect- of that initial sub-picometer point of energy. Taken in that sense, the current continuous influx of space which we observe as the accelerating expansion of the Universe is something like space generated by space. As with compound interest, the more space there is, the more space it generates, almost as if space itself is the root source of space. But I suppose that would produce an exponential acceleration, while I gather the current acceleration is something closer to linear. My head hurts trying to contemplate the nature of inflation. Even more-so when I contemplate the fact that something exists rather than nothing, when nothing existing would seem to make a lot more sense, unless the "multiverse" or "brane" is simply an eternal continuum.
I have a astronomy exam tomorrow, it also has this kind of things about the Big bang and inflation. We were taught that the inflation was caused by the electoweak and strong forces separating, and that area of equivalent of atom expanded to the size equivalent of the solar system, but havent been taught about the reheating. Im quite sad it was one semester course only, because it was (and is) extremely interesting. And after I've watched this I should go back revising...
Was "time" constant through all the process of the bigbang? Is this taken into account when scientists say "I took 10^-x seconds for this to happen". What's the point of reference for that time counting?
I'm loving periodic, numberphile and sixty symbols. Even these extended bits are keeping me stuck to the screen. Thank you Brady, thank you professors, thank you university of nottingham.
I really enjoy the videos with Professor Copeland, because he is easy to understand. No dialect that gets into your way. For a non-native speaker his way of speaking makes it easy to follow him.
This is just brilliant! I love the calmness and certainty of Prof. Copeland when he explains these abstract concepts. I hope for many more extended interviews to enjoy. These videos makes the dark nights in Norway a bit more pleasant to endure. (Also the northern lights are quite the cheer up, but then you have to go outside and experience the cold winter night)
Big question here: 1. What we are seeing in the sky it is what happened billions years ago. Because light of the stars took time to reach us. 2. We can observe the universe size is accelerating. 3. Would it be possible the universe was accelerating millions years ago. But stopped accelaring but we don't know because the information didn't reach us yet.
Nope, that does not happen. The universe at that scales is governed by general relativity. The simplest model for the universe due to that is the Friedmann equation. It basicly tells you that the expansion/contraction of the universe is determined by the energy density in it. So what would have to happen for the universe to stop accelerating is: it would have to massively increase its energy density. So the content of baryonic matter, energy and dark matter would have to suddenly jump up without borrowing that energy from somewhere else. Not only do we not observe this in the very close suroundings, but that would be a massive violation of energy conservation.
Have just subscribed after watching a few Sixty Symbols vids. All the professors are thoroughly engaging in the field of science they are describing. Professor Copeland sounds like a hero voyager who's returned from a deep dive in an ocean of mathematics and theories and is regaling us with key events from his adventures. Although wonderfully explained, I couldn't help but get flashbacks to Monty Python's Life of Brian where Brian is trying to escape the centurions and lands in a place where various soothsayers and prophets are talking to random people in words many of us can't understand but are nevertheless transfixed by the narrations.
I don't understand how scientists can talk about minutes or seconds after the big bang. Wouldn't time dilation due to the immense gravity and velocity mess with that? Are scientists able to account for it, and therefore give accurate numbers, or is it just an analogy, like quarks having color, where it helps us understand what's going on?
I think it's a bit misleading to say the acoustic peaks in the CMB map perfectly into the predictions of inflation. Inflation predicts (almost) scale invariant spectra which don't have any peaks in it. The peaks come later from the way sound waves propagate in the baryon-photon plasma at the time when atoms formed and the universe became transparent. Once you account for the known physics of baryon-photon plasma you get an almost scale invariant primordial spectrum which indeed supports inflation, but the way Copeland says it a layperson might be left with the impression that it is inflation that produces the peak structure.
It messes my head up, my brain goes very very deep into wondering why we are here and why are there billions of galaxies in the universe and where did they and all the matter come from. Then my brain snaps out of it and then I realise I'm in bed watching these videos passionately before I go to sleep.
Ed Copeland is wonderful. He has to be the best conveyor of complex subjects in physics, he makes even a simpleton like me feel they have grasped a little slice of it.
I really like these longer videos =) There are some things in this video's editing I could do without however. I flinched every time the screen suddenly went black to display a word, and I don't think it really helped my understanding or got me more interested - please just skip it next time. (That's my opinion in any case) The graphics were mostly nice, but some of them seemed a bit misplaced - like the slicing and squeezing of the grapefruit... why did you do that? I would prefer if it only cut to graphics when it really helped for explaining. I wouldn't mind just watching the professor talk in the couch for 30 minutes. You obviously put a lot of work in these videos, which I why I figured I'd give my feedback on it. Everything else was perfect as always =) I wouldn't mind seeing him talk about these subjects for several hours (or more shorter videos) if that's possible =)
I think this is the first time i have heard a comprehensive explanation of why the cosmic microwave background radiation CMBR has fluctuation. I was a bit annoyed at times when my teachers stated the cosmological and couldn't answer why the CMBR isnt 100% homogeneous.
I am thoroughly enjoying these longer videos! They are some of the best and most interesting ones. I would really love to hear the interviewees talk about their research in some more depth as well! Excellent content.
We know that gravity near a massive object slows down time, relative to a far away observer. So doesn't that mean that the in the early universe, the immense gravity (because matter was much more densely packed) would have slowed down time, relative to us? So when scientists speak of very small time scales (e.g. from 10^-35 seconds after the big bang, to 10^-30 seconds after), perhaps that would have taken billions of years, as observed by us in our current reference frame.
Not a expert but... Gravity is a function of mass. In the beginning there was too much energy for anything to condense out so there was no mass. I'm not sure when the massive particles started condensing out in any significant numbers according to mainline theory but again I'd guess that the expansion was pretty well underway by then - like about after 300,000 years. As an aside, it's interesting that in a black hole hyper gravity brings time to a halt, but right in the centre, like in the centre of our planet, there is no gravity so time ticks away normally if under a little bit of pressure!
What a great professor, explanations of these complex theories are clear an concise and waffle free. If my physics professors would have been like that, I would probably stayed in the physics field for life.
Fantastic! Speaking as a physics undergrad, I think these videos are great; explaining the theories in simple terms so everyone can get a basic understanding. Hopefully I'll be able to contribute to these ideas in the future!
I love these longer interviews, but the black flashes with text of what Prof Copeland is saying are really ruining it. "INFLATION" HOLY FUCK THAT'S A WORD THIS GUY JUST SAID. MIND = BLOWN.
Person 1: "Hey I'm defending my PhD thesis today." Person 2: "Oh yeah? What do you study?" Person 1: "Astrophysics and Cosmology." Person 2: "Wow, deep stuff. What's your thesis on?" Person 1: "Reheating." Person 2: "Oh... I didn't know microwaves ovens were so complicated!"
Wish I could +1 this many time, great topic and explained very well. So nice to hear real scientist speak and say things like "I don't know" instead of these commercial scientist that speak all the time and have explanations for everything even if no one knows the answer. This is one of my favorite youtube channels by far.
This is so thoroughly interesting and fascinating! Thank you very much for sharing, it's a great pleasure to listen to and learn from professor Copeland. There are only few people to explain rather complex content in such engaging way!
I understand half that. Wish he would have gotten into why inflation and multiverse are usually linked together because it still seems like inflation happened in our universe, but I don't know how that let's us predict there are other universes....
Great video, as always! Brady, if I can make one suggestion it would simply be that the questions posed to the interviewees be made through a microphone, or at least have subtitles for those bits. I often watch these at low volume when my kids are sleeping so sometimes I can't hear them clearly or have to temporarily turn up the volume to hear the questions. Cheers!
I hope someone will break through and understand all this and explain it all at the layman's level before I die. Wonderful video. It's likely more simple than we all imagine.
A wonderful video for sure ! Its a pleasure to meet such a professor ! He has a way to simplify things into easily understandable words that otherwise nobody of us the average people would be able to comprehend ! Respect to both gentlemen for making it possible and of course to sixty symbols a huge thanks for posting it !
Metric expansion of space and the collapse of space/time could be an infinite cycle. The universe expands after a 'big bang' and slowly reheats, finally starts to collapse. In the end or the beginning 'The Big Crunch' by a black hole singularity. Great Video! Keep them coming...
I agree, these longer videos are great. This is one of the best and most interesting so far. Just fantastic, thanks so much and look forward to many more!
By the way for the bouncing brane thing it's more accurate to say that you ways of measuring distance change due to energy levels in the crush and bounce back.
Limiting the text over the video to those instances when someone unfamiliar with a specific concept and its spelling (brane, etc.) was a good approach, and was less distracting than the last time.
I would love to see him discuss these topics with Penrose, I believe his conformal cyclical cosmology addresses a lot of these questions but it's all pretty mind bending lol
I have a few questions concerning the accelerating universe. 1. Have scientist ever identified the location in the universe of the "big bang" event? 2. With this point in mind, wouldn't the galaxies farther from the center than us be decelerating at a slower rate than us (giving the illusion of accelerating away from us). 3. Wouldn't the galaxies closer to the center be decelerating at a faster rate than us (also giving the illusion of accelerating away from us. 4. Is this taken into account when scientists calculate that the universe is accelerating?
I could listen for hours to the voice of Professor Ed Copeland regardless of the subject and regardless of whether I understand anything or not.
You are not kidding, brother.
it feels like i understand something more after listening to him, even if i don't know exactly what it is
the most intelligent people are quietly spoken. They don't need to shout. People listen to them and they are so humble.
You seem to be in love with him...
Ooh w youowoooooooogoooooto
I would just like to thanks Professor Copeland and Brady for taking the time to make this video.
it was a pleasure
@@sixtysymbols uui
I like these long interviews. They give me insight into what cosmology really is, and how it's incredibly interesting. I've already decided that if at all possible, I want to be a physicist, and these videos didn't just help me make that decision, they are also helping me figure out what areas of physics are most interesting and suited to how I work. Thank you, Brady, and *Thank you, professor Copeland*.
did you just invent a new verb? patreoning!
*patreonizing
@@awkweird_panda thankyou
updates? It's been 5 years!
@@Tralbi8 the universe is bigger now
Looking on UA-cam, I note that almost everyone, Christian, Secular, Muslim, is an 'expert' on (a) biological evolution, (b) cosmology/the 'big bang', and (c) philosophy! Except, of course, they're not, so how interesting to learn the latest ideas from someone who actually has knowledge and understanding of the subject on which he speaks. Thanks for uploading.
Fortunately the majority here seem somewhat constructive :)
@derek24hudson Lol! Ain't that the truth. It's quite amusing to read some of the crackpot theories I come across in these comments threads by people who think they have it all figured out and the real physicists/cosmologists like Ed here don't know a thing. Kills me every time.
And most UA-cam commenters seem to enjoy speaking in absolutes. They completely forget to mention the word "theory", or its definition, and seem to always know it all in absolutes, no matter the subject.
you haven't met me, i am a complete dipshit and don't try to fool anyone
Brady: I'm loving these extended interviews. I know that we have part 3 yet to come, but I'm hoping that you have more of these planned. Nice job!
thank you Scott - would love to do more.
Sixty Symbols I would love to see an interview with Professor Michael Merrifield in regards to galaxy formation, and its connection to dark matter. From what I understand he studies galaxies, and to learn about their formation, and how dark matter connects with their rotation, in this sort of context, would be fascinating.
@@lexguttman i know these are ancient comments from a previous internet dynasty. But i completely agree!
I love these videos.
Brady asking "is this the observable universe or the whole universe" shows that there is a big problem with the way we use the word universe. We need some sort of nomenclature that is less ambiguous than "universe" and "Universe" or the cumbersome "observable universe" and "entire universe".
As I listen to Ed late in the evening, a warm, safe feeling surrounds me much like mum calming me when my imagination would run wild. So many questions about "why" interrupt my sleep occasionally, but Ed is like a hand in the deep part of a pool reassuring and giving hope and understanding to purpose and questions that elude me.
joetylerdale I was just about to say the same thing
joetylerdale imagine a infinitely compressible fluid with velocity c, containing toroidal vortex rings (particles). These rings have angular momentum and are quantised by Bose Einstein statistics. The model I have described seems so complicated that it would be able to derive all the other known physical laws with greater accuracy. Best thing is, you don't have to say time is a dimension unless your in the reference frame of a vortex. Which you aren't.
I'm not a professor..
wtf am i doing here, ten minutes ago i came on youtube looking how to make icecream
+theo dirazio To create the universe, first you have to make ice cream.
El Capitan First make a baby universe, then change all the physics so that all matter within is made of ice cream.
"if you want to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first invent the universe"
In order to make ice cream, you need to start from the basics. First, you need some singularity, then inflaton field that will rapidly expand into a space-time universe and the singularity will then expand and eventually mater will form. It gets a bit more complicated later on.
To make ice cream, first you have to make a universe.
turned it on to get asleep. got a hang of it and now I'm more awake than anyone ever being
Ed Copeland is excellent. He is great at explaining very complex and difficult subjects. His manner and tone are comforting and reassuring. He is one of the best subjects for these interviews.
I remember watching this video multiple times right after it was published; I was fascinated by cosmology and enjoyed the professor’s voice very much.
It’s been 6 years: I got my bachelor’s in math last year and I am now a master student in math. Tomorrow I have a General Relativity exam. Now I understand much better, especially the pain behind all the calculations required to understand all these facts.
I still love the professor’s voice!
My favourite physicist
Im loving this date with Ed simulation!
I have nothing but admiration for the quality of Brady's work. Even his questions are intelligent and perceptive, and the answers they garner are so illuminating. Although usually fleeting one almost doesn't notice them, but succinctly they garner marvellous interesting narrative from the professor. A truly masterful journalist esp when you compare him to how journalists on broadcast TV blather on, rarely adding value, and indeed often derailing the expert. Brady, proff and Nottingham you really have enriched my life- I get excited every time you post a video, this one was so exciting in that it was lovely and long :)
When I get tired, I listen to Ed Copeland to get a boost at doing a bit more research before I call it a day. All professors in Sixty Symbols are great, but Ed is the man.
there is nothing like the sweet smell of physics first thing in the morning
Excellent - Great to hear Ed explain this cutting edge stuff so well.
Love this longer, deeper format. More like this please Brady!
The cutaway black text is really pretty bothersome, please overlay it on the video instead.
I love the freaking long videos, Brady. Props to Profs Copeshnizzle for taking time out to do it along with Brady for giving it to UA-cam.
Brady, thank fuck you are there whenever the audience needs an analogy.
He is one of my favorite scientists. The way he calmly talks about things makes me really hooked to the explanations. Love to watch it before I go to bed.
Well done again. I'm going to have to listen to this one again as he left me lost more than once.
That's OK, though. That's how you learn.
I love the way Professor Ed Copeland explains concepts. So interesting and pleasant, I could listen all day. :)
More Ed Copeland interviews. Please!
So what was that sound before and after the video..that grumbling....sounded familiar...is it background radiation or something?
That was my stomach, sorry about that.
That initial and finial sound was the sound of the wonder and awesomeness of this subject.
CMB in the audible spectrum maybe? Or just a low note.
I recognized it as the low rumbling of rocket engines, but I'm not sure.
I seem to half remember it from a video "listening" to the sun.
It would be really great to have this precise interview (and ones on related concepts) repeated yearly. Same form, same physicists, same subjects. That would make an accessible and engaging record of how the picture evolves.
It’s already fascinating to see the speculative comments of these amazing folks at Nottingham from, say, before and after the observation of the Higgs particle, the results from LIGO, etc...
Accidentaly paused at 16:30 to see the happiest scientist ever :)
mystique must be the professor's way of saying bullshit.
Or rather, ''We just don't know yet.''
no its the problem with your perception.
*****
I think you misunderstand. The professor used "mystique" as a way to describe the claims people who say they _do_ know (religions and new age and pseudosciences), as a way to politely say they are not scientific.
Such an excellent professor, no wonder I can hear his speeches for more than 20 minutes without losing attention and remembering virtually everything he said, with a full understanding of the subject explained.
I really thank you Brady for uploading those one on one interviews with Copeland regarding those subjects, even though some of those were already discussed in this channel.
As I understand it, the universe never expanded "into" anywhere, but rather space puffed up -or became an aspect- of that initial sub-picometer point of energy. Taken in that sense, the current continuous influx of space which we observe as the accelerating expansion of the Universe is something like space generated by space. As with compound interest, the more space there is, the more space it generates, almost as if space itself is the root source of space. But I suppose that would produce an exponential acceleration, while I gather the current acceleration is something closer to linear. My head hurts trying to contemplate the nature of inflation. Even more-so when I contemplate the fact that something exists rather than nothing, when nothing existing would seem to make a lot more sense, unless the "multiverse" or "brane" is simply an eternal continuum.
I have a astronomy exam tomorrow, it also has this kind of things about the Big bang and inflation. We were taught that the inflation was caused by the electoweak and strong forces separating, and that area of equivalent of atom expanded to the size equivalent of the solar system, but havent been taught about the reheating. Im quite sad it was one semester course only, because it was (and is) extremely interesting. And after I've watched this I should go back revising...
This is the second best grapefruit related video on UA-cam.
Was "time" constant through all the process of the bigbang? Is this taken into account when scientists say "I took 10^-x seconds for this to happen". What's the point of reference for that time counting?
I'm loving periodic, numberphile and sixty symbols. Even these extended bits are keeping me stuck to the screen. Thank you Brady, thank you professors, thank you university of nottingham.
I really enjoy the videos with Professor Copeland, because he is easy to understand. No dialect that gets into your way. For a non-native speaker his way of speaking makes it easy to follow him.
There is something about the soothing voice and easy going mannerism of Professor Copeland that makes it a real pleasure to listen to him.
This is just brilliant! I love the calmness and certainty of Prof. Copeland when he explains these abstract concepts. I hope for many more extended interviews to enjoy. These videos makes the dark nights in Norway a bit more pleasant to endure. (Also the northern lights are quite the cheer up, but then you have to go outside and experience the cold winter night)
Mate, All I can say is, don't stop with any on this vids. All of them are absolutely brilliant
Brady, you ask the greatest questions.
Thank you for another great video. To me these longer videos are far more entertaining and educational
Big question here:
1. What we are seeing in the sky it is what happened billions years ago. Because light of the stars took time to reach us.
2. We can observe the universe size is accelerating.
3. Would it be possible the universe was accelerating millions years ago. But stopped accelaring but we don't know because the information didn't reach us yet.
Nope, that does not happen. The universe at that scales is governed by general relativity. The simplest model for the universe due to that is the Friedmann equation. It basicly tells you that the expansion/contraction of the universe is determined by the energy density in it.
So what would have to happen for the universe to stop accelerating is: it would have to massively increase its energy density. So the content of baryonic matter, energy and dark matter would have to suddenly jump up without borrowing that energy from somewhere else. Not only do we not observe this in the very close suroundings, but that would be a massive violation of energy conservation.
Great stuff but Brady please mike yourself up too - your questions are hard to hear but are very pertinent to the explanations that Ed then gives.
Have just subscribed after watching a few Sixty Symbols vids. All the professors are thoroughly engaging in the field of science they are describing. Professor Copeland sounds like a hero voyager who's returned from a deep dive in an ocean of mathematics and theories and is regaling us with key events from his adventures. Although wonderfully explained, I couldn't help but get flashbacks to Monty Python's Life of Brian where Brian is trying to escape the centurions and lands in a place where various soothsayers and prophets are talking to random people in words many of us can't understand but are nevertheless transfixed by the narrations.
these three videos are brilliant. Professor Copeland has a rare capacity to explain very complicated theories in a very simple way. Congratulations.
I don't understand how scientists can talk about minutes or seconds after the big bang. Wouldn't time dilation due to the immense gravity and velocity mess with that? Are scientists able to account for it, and therefore give accurate numbers, or is it just an analogy, like quarks having color, where it helps us understand what's going on?
I could listen to these lectures for hours.
marvelous video! Prof. Copeland explains things so well. side note: with very soft-spoken speakers, Brady, could you maybe up the audio range?
24 min Copeland!!! I'm truly grateful for these in depth videos.
I like how he is calm. Plus, with how he explains, I don't feel like an idiot. He doesn't sound cocky! I feel like learning this stuff is cool!
I think it's a bit misleading to say the acoustic peaks in the CMB map perfectly into the predictions of inflation. Inflation predicts (almost) scale invariant spectra which don't have any peaks in it. The peaks come later from the way sound waves propagate in the baryon-photon plasma at the time when atoms formed and the universe became transparent.
Once you account for the known physics of baryon-photon plasma you get an almost scale invariant primordial spectrum which indeed supports inflation, but the way Copeland says it a layperson might be left with the impression that it is inflation that produces the peak structure.
professors voice i so enjoyable:)
true.. so soothing and comforting!! i find it ideal for a teacher..
I'm not sure this has made me much wiser, but I could listen to Ed all day. Thank you, :)
these extended interviews are great. If the regular videos are like a science snack, this is a three course meal.
It messes my head up, my brain goes very very deep into wondering why we are here and why are there billions of galaxies in the universe and where did they and all the matter come from. Then my brain snaps out of it and then I realise I'm in bed watching these videos passionately before I go to sleep.
Ed Copeland is wonderful. He has to be the best conveyor of complex subjects in physics, he makes even a simpleton like me feel they have grasped a little slice of it.
Professor Copeland is brilliant at explaining very complex principles, I feel I understand the universe a little more now :)
No grapefruits were harmed in the making of this video. . . 16:14 you monster!!!! lol
Such an awesome video, ty!
"Life, ..... life is like a grapefruit. Yellow with pimples on the outside, wet and squishy on the inside. With pips"
Ford Prefect, H2G2
I really like these longer videos =)
There are some things in this video's editing I could do without however. I flinched every time the screen suddenly went black to display a word, and I don't think it really helped my understanding or got me more interested - please just skip it next time. (That's my opinion in any case)
The graphics were mostly nice, but some of them seemed a bit misplaced - like the slicing and squeezing of the grapefruit... why did you do that? I would prefer if it only cut to graphics when it really helped for explaining. I wouldn't mind just watching the professor talk in the couch for 30 minutes.
You obviously put a lot of work in these videos, which I why I figured I'd give my feedback on it. Everything else was perfect as always =)
I wouldn't mind seeing him talk about these subjects for several hours (or more shorter videos) if that's possible =)
@00:25 I was totally expecting "middle finger" instead of "mystique" :-D
Ed's voice is so soothing.
I actually really like these long and extended interviews, you should more Brady! Also, Professor Copeland being brilliant as usual!
why did you squeeze the grapefruit???
Far out Ed's voice is so relaxing it put me to sleep haha
He really does have a soothing lilt to his voice. I often put these videos on when I go to sleep. They're like informative bedtime stories for adults
otteaux true that. Like calisthenics for your brain :)
I think this is the first time i have heard a comprehensive explanation of why the cosmic microwave background radiation CMBR has fluctuation.
I was a bit annoyed at times when my teachers stated the cosmological and couldn't answer why the CMBR isnt 100% homogeneous.
James Tasker
Is it wrong than looking at your comment all I see is CMDR from Elite Dangerous? lol
Thank you - I still don't really understand but I know a bit more about what it is that I don't really understand. It's a start!
I am thoroughly enjoying these longer videos! They are some of the best and most interesting ones. I would really love to hear the interviewees talk about their research in some more depth as well!
Excellent content.
Professor Copeland is the Bob Ross of high energy physics
I could listen to prof. Copeland all day!
We know that gravity near a massive object slows down time, relative to a far away observer. So doesn't that mean that the in the early universe, the immense gravity (because matter was much more densely packed) would have slowed down time, relative to us?
So when scientists speak of very small time scales (e.g. from 10^-35 seconds after the big bang, to 10^-30 seconds after), perhaps that would have taken billions of years, as observed by us in our current reference frame.
Not a expert but... Gravity is a function of mass. In the beginning there was too much energy for anything to condense out so there was no mass. I'm not sure when the massive particles started condensing out in any significant numbers according to mainline theory but again I'd guess that the expansion was pretty well underway by then - like about after 300,000 years.
As an aside, it's interesting that in a black hole hyper gravity brings time to a halt, but right in the centre, like in the centre of our planet, there is no gravity so time ticks away normally if under a little bit of pressure!
What a great professor, explanations of these complex theories are clear an concise and waffle free. If my physics professors would have been like that, I would probably stayed in the physics field for life.
I have an AP Biology exam tomorrow and yet i choose to watch physics videos. I Obviously took the wrong course
Fantastic! Speaking as a physics undergrad, I think these videos are great; explaining the theories in simple terms so everyone can get a basic understanding. Hopefully I'll be able to contribute to these ideas in the future!
My favourite Sixty Symbols video.
I've been waiting for the third part of the interview for what feels like forever!
I can listen to this guy forever. Good job Brady.
I love these longer interviews, but the black flashes with text of what Prof Copeland is saying are really ruining it.
"INFLATION" HOLY FUCK THAT'S A WORD THIS GUY JUST SAID. MIND = BLOWN.
Person 1: "Hey I'm defending my PhD thesis today."
Person 2: "Oh yeah? What do you study?"
Person 1: "Astrophysics and Cosmology."
Person 2: "Wow, deep stuff. What's your thesis on?"
Person 1: "Reheating."
Person 2: "Oh... I didn't know microwaves ovens were so complicated!"
I'm really enjoying these extended videos, but I think the text flashes are annoying and unnecessary.
Wish I could +1 this many time, great topic and explained very well.
So nice to hear real scientist speak and say things like "I don't know" instead of these commercial scientist that speak all the time and have explanations for everything even if no one knows the answer.
This is one of my favorite youtube channels by far.
Thank you for the opportunity to watch this.
Ed, you are basically a super hero for physics
Modern astronomy is only 100 years old, and we already know so much! 100 years is nothing!
Professor Copeland in this video you have provided an excellent apologetic. Thank you
This is so thoroughly interesting and fascinating! Thank you very much for sharing, it's a great pleasure to listen to and learn from professor Copeland. There are only few people to explain rather complex content in such engaging way!
I honestly can't tell you how much I appreciate your videos man. Thank you!!! Such a great discussion.
I understand half that. Wish he would have gotten into why inflation and multiverse are usually linked together because it still seems like inflation happened in our universe, but I don't know how that let's us predict there are other universes....
Lovely, even for a layman like me. Keep these videos coming, please! I am grateful! And thanks, Ed!
Great video, as always!
Brady, if I can make one suggestion it would simply be that the questions posed to the interviewees be made through a microphone, or at least have subtitles for those bits. I often watch these at low volume when my kids are sleeping so sometimes I can't hear them clearly or have to temporarily turn up the volume to hear the questions. Cheers!
I hope someone will break through and understand all this and explain it all at the layman's level before I die. Wonderful video. It's likely more simple than we all imagine.
A wonderful video for sure ! Its a pleasure to meet such a professor ! He has a way to simplify things into easily understandable words that otherwise nobody of us the average people would be able to comprehend ! Respect to both gentlemen for making it possible and of course to sixty symbols a huge thanks for posting it !
Metric expansion of space and the collapse of space/time could be an infinite cycle. The universe expands after a 'big bang' and slowly reheats, finally starts to collapse. In the end or the beginning 'The Big Crunch' by a black hole singularity.
Great Video! Keep them coming...
i freaking love the editing in these videos
Michael how so? I like the content but sometime the editing bugs me and I just have to look past it.
I agree, these longer videos are great. This is one of the best and most interesting so far. Just fantastic, thanks so much and look forward to many more!
By the way for the bouncing brane thing it's more accurate to say that you ways of measuring distance change due to energy levels in the crush and bounce back.
Limiting the text over the video to those instances when someone unfamiliar with a specific concept and its spelling (brane, etc.) was a good approach, and was less distracting than the last time.
This video helps me to understand how little I understand of cosmology.
I would love to see him discuss these topics with Penrose, I believe his conformal cyclical cosmology addresses a lot of these questions but it's all pretty mind bending lol
I have a few questions concerning the accelerating universe.
1. Have scientist ever identified the location in the universe of the "big bang" event?
2. With this point in mind, wouldn't the galaxies farther from the center than us be decelerating at a slower rate than us (giving the illusion of accelerating away from us).
3. Wouldn't the galaxies closer to the center be decelerating at a faster rate than us (also giving the illusion of accelerating away from us.
4. Is this taken into account when scientists calculate that the universe is accelerating?
This was exceptional! I would love it if you gave all the professors the chance to talk in depth about the things that they are passionate about.