Austrian Olympiad System of Equations

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  • Опубліковано 21 лис 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 74

  • @rcnayak_58
    @rcnayak_58 11 місяців тому +34

    Dear Sir, this time I am trying to solve this problem perhaps in a simpler way. This type of equation is known as symmetrical equation, where exchanging x with y values does not alter the properties of the equations, if f(x) = f(y) then x = y. In this case x = y is a solution. Since x = y, let us replace all y as x in either of the two equations. Say the 1st equation: Now we have (x -1)(x²+6) = x (x² + 1). That is x³ - x² + 6x - 6 = x³ + x. This becomes x² - 5x + 6 = 0. The roots of x are 2 and 3. As they are symmetric, they can be arranged in 4 different ways. That is, (x , y) = (2 , 2) and (3, 3), (2 , 3) and (3, 2).

    • @SanePerson1
      @SanePerson1 11 місяців тому +6

      I took this approach as well and, like you, I solved the equation for x and got x = 2 and 3. The problem is that you (and I) derived the equation to be solved, x² - 5x + 6 = 0, by setting x = y in either of the given equations. So the solutions (x , y) = (2 , 2) or (3, 3) are fine. (x , y) = (2 , 3) and (3, 2) are indeed solutions, but while our approach shows that if (x , y) = (2, 3) is a solution, (3 , 2) must also be a solution (and vice-versa), we haven't shown that either one is a solution.

    • @rcnayak_58
      @rcnayak_58 11 місяців тому

      Yeah. If we replace all x as y and solve it, we will get a similar solution y = (2,3) or (3,2). Therefore, we have x = 2 or x = 3 (we have already proved) and y = 2 or 3. Since the problem is symmetrical in x and y i.e., f( x,y) = f(y,x), we have 4 solutions as (x,y) or (y,x) = {(2,2), (3,3), (2,3), (3,2)}.

    • @theupson
      @theupson 11 місяців тому +3

      @@rcnayak_58 you have literally said "since x=y... we get (2,3) as a solution". that does not follow.
      edit: to illustrate my objection to your reasoning, let me be concrete:
      (x-2)^2+(y-2)^2 = 4 and (x+y-3)*(x+y-2) = 0 has the same type of symmetry you have cited. neither are the solutions arranged in a rectangle, nor in fact are there any solutions of the form (x,x).

    • @hammadsirhindi1320
      @hammadsirhindi1320 6 місяців тому

      Good approach❤. I have another question.
      x^2+y^2=a
      x^3+y^3=b

    • @eshuatbits
      @eshuatbits 2 місяці тому

      ​@@theupsonnayak sahab was wrong

  • @sophisticatedplayer
    @sophisticatedplayer 11 місяців тому +18

    When adding the equations, you can split 12 into 6 + 6, move y to the other side and factor the -1, so you get:
    x² - 5x + 6 = (y² - 5y + 6)(-1)
    (x - 2)(x - 3) = (y - 2)(y - 3)(-1)

    • @nanamacapagal8342
      @nanamacapagal8342 11 місяців тому +1

      I started with the assumption that since the two equations are symmetric, surely a solution existed where x and y are the same
      From that I got (2, 2) and (3, 3)
      Then I added the equations and landed in a similar spot as you said
      I managed to get here:
      If x^2 - 5x + 6 = 0 then so must y^2 - 5y + 6
      thus, (2, 3) and (3, 2)
      The other possibility is x^2 - 5x + 6 = - (y^2 - 5y + 6)but that's difficult to evaluate
      Then maybe the subtraction method works

  • @dougaugustine4075
    @dougaugustine4075 3 місяці тому +1

    I watched it yet a third time. Still impressed and liked seeing the graph of the solution at the end: intersecting hyperbolas (or things that look like hyperbolas).

  • @SamarBist-b8l
    @SamarBist-b8l 11 місяців тому +8

    *”Those who stop learning, stop living.”*

  • @amtep
    @amtep 11 місяців тому +5

    I started by just watching math videos and enjoying the cleverness but now I've graduated to trying the problems myself first :)

    • @anglaismoyen
      @anglaismoyen 11 місяців тому +2

      This is the way. Just wait until you unironically buy (or download) a textbook and work through it from cover to cover.

    • @ashutoshsethi6150
      @ashutoshsethi6150 10 місяців тому

      Stem redux, just later in life.

  • @dan-florinchereches4892
    @dan-florinchereches4892 2 місяці тому

    I think i have watched the video two times and solved in 2 ways which for me seem simpler.
    After addition and subtraction we are left with
    X^2-5x+6+Y^2-5y+6=0
    And
    2xy-x-y-7=0
    First method takes ento account the equations are symmetric in x and y so:
    Let S=x+y and P=xy the equations become:
    S^2-2P-5S+12=0 and
    2P-S-7=0 , so 2P = S+7 which we substitute in firs equation and solve a quadratic S^2-6S+5=0 so (S-1)(S-5)=0 which gives soluions (S,P) of (1,4) and (5,6) solving a quadriatic resulting from vietas formulas yields the real solutions for x,y (2,3) and (3,2)
    My second solution was to let the first equation become
    -(x-3)(x-3)-(y-2)(y-3)=0
    And the second be
    X=(7+y)/(2y-1)
    Substituting in the original equation and factoring we get
    (Y-2)(Y-3)(-1-15/(2y-1)^2)=0
    Last term is always the sum of two negative terms which is never zero
    I think this problem has something which baits you into solving it and you sir have some really clever manipulations sometimes.

  • @andreabaldacci1142
    @andreabaldacci1142 11 місяців тому +3

    I went about it slightly differently. Expanding the original equations and subtracting the second from the first, gives 5x-y^2-12+5y-x^2=0. Switching signs, rearranging the terms and splitting 12 in 4+4+2+2 gives (y-2)^2+(x-2)^2-(x-2)-(y-2)=0, which can be rewritten as (y-2)(y-3)+(x-2)(x-3)=0. Setting y=2 gives x=2 and x=3, while setting y=3 gives x=2 and x=3.

  • @brunoporcu3207
    @brunoporcu3207 11 місяців тому +2

    Really a beautiful explanation, congratulations from Italy.

  • @dougaugustine4075
    @dougaugustine4075 6 місяців тому +2

    I watched this video twice. Algebraic magic.

  • @weo9473
    @weo9473 11 місяців тому +12

    U gives better education than our schools

    • @azzteke
      @azzteke 11 місяців тому +1

      "U gives" is no English.

    • @itachu.
      @itachu. 11 місяців тому +1

      ​@@azztekehe's african

    • @akashchowdhury7918
      @akashchowdhury7918 11 місяців тому +2

      you give
      he/she/it gives
      this is the correct grammar

    • @luladrgn9155
      @luladrgn9155 11 місяців тому +1

      kinda weird to criticise school when you don't know how grammar works

    • @RuthvenMurgatroyd
      @RuthvenMurgatroyd 10 місяців тому +1

      ​@@luladrgn9155 Ehh, if he is ESL he jind of gets a pass.

  • @duroarezina
    @duroarezina 17 днів тому

    I believe we have two more valid (imaginary) solutions to our equations here.
    Solving the second system using method:
    (x + y)^2 - 2xy - 5(x + y) +12 = 0
    and
    2xy = x + y + 7
    one gets two results: x + y = 1 and x + y = 5.
    So, from x + y = 1 there are two more valid (though imaginary) solutions:
    x5, y5 = (1 + i * Sqrt(15))/2, (1 - i * Sqrt(15))/2
    x6, y6 = (1 - i * Sqrt(15))/2, (1 + i * Sqrt(15))/2
    I tried to verify these results by substitution into our two original equations and yes they work indeed!
    Since both equations are kind-of third degree ones (the maximum degrees are x^2*y and x*y^2) - to have six solutions (in our case 4 real ones and two imaginary ones) makes perfect sense.
    I hope this helps.
    P.S. I admit... I became addicted to your channel. :)

  • @adw1z
    @adw1z 11 місяців тому +1

    For those wondering,
    a+b = -4 ==> a^2 + b^2 + 2ab = 16
    Combined with a^2 + b^2 = 1/2 ,
    ==> ab = 7.75
    Combined with a+b = -4, this clearly isn't possible (a,b need to be same sign) which is why it doesn't give any extra solutions for a,b real;
    (to be pedantic, this is because a and b are roots of the quadratic:
    m^2 + 4m + 7.75
    = (m+2)^2 + 3.75 > 0 for all m, and hence has complex roots, meaning a and b are complex)

    • @SalmonForYourLuck
      @SalmonForYourLuck 11 місяців тому

      Thank you for the explanation.... I understood everything

  • @m.h.6470
    @m.h.6470 8 місяців тому +1

    I would go a completely different route:
    Since the equations are exactly the same except the switched variables, you can say, that one valid solution is x = y.
    This means, you can have one equation with just one variable:
    (x - 1)(x² + 6) = x(x² + 1)
    x³ + 6x - x² - 6 = x³ + x |-x³ -x
    -x² + 5x - 6 = 0 |*-1
    x² - 5x + 6 = 0
    (x - 2)(x - 3) = 0
    x ∈ {2, 3} and therefore also y ∈ {2, 3}
    You have 2 solutions for 2 variables, that is 4 solutions in total:
    (x, y) ∈ {(2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2), (3, 3)}

  • @dorkmania
    @dorkmania 3 місяці тому

    Since both equations are symmetrical in x and y, it follows that there must exist a solution that satisfies x = y, thus
    (x - 1)(x² + 6) = x(x² + 1)
    => x³ - x² + 6x - 6 = x³ + x
    => x² - 5x + 6 = 0
    Or x = {2, 3} = y
    We already know (2, 2) and (3, 3) are solutions, and if we plug in and check the remaining combinations of (2, 3) and (3, 2) we find that they satisfy the system.

  • @vikasseth9544
    @vikasseth9544 10 місяців тому

    You sir are a Maths Super Action Hero.

  • @BP-gn2cl
    @BP-gn2cl Місяць тому

    If in first original equation x is replaced by y, we get second original equation. By using this fact after getting x=2, 3 and x=y, we can write (x, y) = (2, 3), (2, 2), (3, 2), (3, 3)

  • @miloradtomic
    @miloradtomic 11 місяців тому

    Respected Sir,
    I am pleased, because I create simular tasks for mi students in Serbia. It even bigger when they do it themselves. Wonderful.

  • @senpaikunbi2552
    @senpaikunbi2552 11 місяців тому +1

    Hey sir, I have a faster solution for -2xy+x+y=7. When you have x^2+y^2-5x-5y+12=0, then x^2+y^2+2xy-x-y-7-5x-5y+12=0. This becomes (x+y)^2-6(x+y)+5=0 and now we have (x+y-1)(x+y-5)=0, so x+y=1 or x+y=5. When you have x+y, you can get xy and you con solve for x,y with Viète’s theorem. Thank you and have a nice day sir!

  • @claudiopeixoto4463
    @claudiopeixoto4463 11 місяців тому

    It suffices to get two new equations by adding and then subtracting the original equations. Solving the system, one gets x + y = 1 and x + y = 5.

  • @rizviwasi
    @rizviwasi 3 місяці тому

    I started watching your videos just for your beautiful smile and really got impressed with your style @PrimeNewtons

  • @elephantdinosaur2284
    @elephantdinosaur2284 11 місяців тому

    Great video. Keep up the good work. A nice side problem is to show that x - y always divides p( x , y ) - p( y , x ) where p is a polynomial in two variables.

  • @mplaw77
    @mplaw77 11 місяців тому +1

    Well done and interesting, I proceeded a little differently after several failed attempts.

  • @LUFFY-o8f
    @LUFFY-o8f 11 місяців тому

    Sir would you make a video on Darboux's theorem?

  • @pascall4674
    @pascall4674 29 днів тому

    When you look to factorize, just split 12 in two 6 and you get (x-3)(x-2)+(y-3)(y-2)=0 and get four pairs in a shot... but need to check for not 0+0 solutions

  • @PureHanbali
    @PureHanbali 10 місяців тому

    In the equation x^2+y^2-5x-5y+12=0, the x and y coefficients are equal, 1. Moreover, the coefficient of xy is 0. So, it's easy to say without even doing math that it's the equation of a circle.

  • @pietergeerkens6324
    @pietergeerkens6324 11 місяців тому

    Very nice. 150% speed is a good pace.

  • @donwald3436
    @donwald3436 11 місяців тому +1

    15:12 lol it took me a minute to figure out that your 7\frac{1}{2} meant {\tt 7-1/2} not 7*1/2 lol, who uses that notation any more?

  • @JatinChawla-v5f
    @JatinChawla-v5f 2 місяці тому

    What he showed at last(graph), is my first attempt to answer the question 🫣

  • @vitotozzi1972
    @vitotozzi1972 9 місяців тому

    Awesome!!!! Simple awesome!

  • @knupug
    @knupug 11 місяців тому

    I'm wondering if I'm missing something. After multiplying out the original equations and adding them, you got x^2-5x+y^2-5y+12=0. My immediate thought was to turn that into (x^2-5x+6)+(y^2-5y+6)=0, which becomes (x-2)(x-3)+(y-2)(y-3)=0. That leads you to (2,2), (2,3), (3,2), and (3,3). The only other possible solutions would be when (x-2)(x-3)=-(y-2)(y-3). I'm not quite sure how to prove that's impossible when x is between 2 and 3 or y is between 2 and 3 ... the only ways to generate negative products.

    • @gghelis
      @gghelis 11 місяців тому

      "The only other possible solutions would be when (x-2)(x-3)=-(y-2)(y-3)"
      It's not "other", it's equivalent to (x-2)(x-3)+(y-2)(y-3)=0. It also has an infinite number of other possible solutions, other than (2,2), (2,3), (3,2), and (3,3).
      You seem to be trying to prove that (x-2)(x-3)+(y-2)(y-3)=0 on its own is equivalent to the original system, which it's obviously not.

  • @abdullahbarish8204
    @abdullahbarish8204 11 місяців тому

    Amazing

  • @BP-gn2cl
    @BP-gn2cl Місяць тому

    And (2, 3) and (3, 2) satisfy x+y-2xy+7=0

  • @ratratrat59
    @ratratrat59 11 місяців тому

    quicker. fast is velocity and quick is time

  • @zypherdoesstuffonline5712
    @zypherdoesstuffonline5712 11 місяців тому +1

    Hello can you solve this question
    Sqrt(log x) - 1/2=log sqrt(x)
    It was on my math exam and i didnt know how to solve it

    • @vafasadrif12
      @vafasadrif12 8 місяців тому +1

      Perhaps i can help.
      At first we take 1/2 to the other side so
      sqrt(log(x)) = log(sqrt(x)) + 1/2
      Then we raise both sides to the power of two so
      logx = (log(sqrt(x)) +1/2)² = log(sqrt(x))² + log(sqrt(x)) + 1/4
      Now we can substitute log(sqrt(x)) as y:
      Let y = log(sqrt(x))
      Using the rules of logarithm log(x) would be equal to 2y
      2y = y² + y + 1/4
      0=y² - y + 1/4
      Using the quadratic formula we have y = 1/2
      Note that the equation has only one root as the delta would be .equal to zero
      log(sqrt(x)) = 1/2
      0.5log(x) = 0.5
      log(x) = 1
      x = 10
      And that is our answer

    • @zypherdoesstuffonline5712
      @zypherdoesstuffonline5712 8 місяців тому

      @vafasadrif12 ty

    • @zypherdoesstuffonline5712
      @zypherdoesstuffonline5712 8 місяців тому

      @@vafasadrif12 ty

  • @jweissen9024
    @jweissen9024 23 дні тому

    When I graph this system of equations, I am getting a slightly different graph. I get the intersection points, but there's an extra line at x = 1. That is also giving a solution, which was not mentioned. What's the deal with that, am I missing something?

  • @BP-gn2cl
    @BP-gn2cl Місяць тому

    This will save much time. Correct me if i am wrong

  • @juma4127
    @juma4127 11 місяців тому

    Teacher thnks

  • @isar7349
    @isar7349 11 місяців тому +4

    From where are you sir.

    • @itachu.
      @itachu. 11 місяців тому +5

      Straight from the heavens

    • @dandeleanu3648
      @dandeleanu3648 11 місяців тому

      He is a professional no matter where he is from

    • @munimahmed7877
      @munimahmed7877 5 місяців тому

      from the school of our dreams (which only exists in our dreams)

  • @НикитаКоданев-ф7м
    @НикитаКоданев-ф7м 11 місяців тому +1

    Why are we not considering a+b+4=0?

    • @amtep
      @amtep 11 місяців тому +1

      It means b = 4 - a. Substituting into a^2 + b^2 = 1/2 and expanding gives 2a^2 - 8a + 16 = 1/2 which has no real solutions

    • @tontonbeber4555
      @tontonbeber4555 11 місяців тому

      @@amtep Yep you exclude in R, but it's interesting that the equation is 6th degree globally, so admits 6 solutions in C. 4 are real, 2 are not ... the 2 complex solutions are not so difficult to find too ...

  • @tontonbeber4555
    @tontonbeber4555 11 місяців тому +2

    xy2 + 6x - y2 - 6 = x2y + y
    x2y + 6y - x2 - 6 = xy2 + x
    (i)+(ii)
    5(x+y) - (x2+y2) - 12 = 0
    (x+y)2 - 2xy - 5(x+y) + 12 = 0 (iii)
    will be useful later ...
    (i)-(ii)
    xy(y-x) + 6(x-y) + (x2-y2) = xy(x-y) + (y-x)
    -2xy(x-y) + 7(x-y) +(x+y)(x-y) = 0
    (x-y) (x+y-2xy+7) = 0
    (a) x=y => in (1) or (ii) : x3 + 6x - x2 - 6 = x3 + x
    x2 - 5x + 6 = (x-2)(x+3) = 0
    => sol (x,y) = (2,2) or (3,3)
    (b) x+y-2xy+7 = 0
    2xy = x+y+7
    in (iii) : (x+y)2 - (x+y) -7 - 5(5+y) + 12 = 0
    (x+y)2 - 6(x+y) + 5 = 0
    (x+y-1)(x+y-5) = 0
    (b1) x+y=5 => xy = 6 => (x,y) = (2,3) or (3,2)
    (b2) x+y=1 => xy = 4 => x(1-x) = 4 => x2 - x + 4 = 0 no real solution
    So 4 real solutions : (2,2) (3,3) (2,3) (3,2)
    and probably 2 other complex solutions as global equation is 6th degree :
    x2 - x + 4 = 0 => x = (1+/-iV15)/2
    so ((1+iV15)/2,(1-iV15)/2) and ((1-iV15)/2,(1+iV15)/2))
    By the way, nice curves if you plot them

    • @munimahmed7877
      @munimahmed7877 5 місяців тому

      man! this must have taken you forever to write down...

    • @xyz9250
      @xyz9250 3 місяці тому

      Exactly how I solved it.

  • @fabige
    @fabige 11 місяців тому

    This is my country :o

  • @GreenMeansGOF
    @GreenMeansGOF 7 місяців тому

    Lol. I watch every video at 2x speed.

  • @eduardionovich4425
    @eduardionovich4425 3 місяці тому

    Вторая половина решения (после рассмотрения случая х=у) страшно длинна и не рациональна.

  • @TrinityRed
    @TrinityRed 3 місяці тому

    Resolution too complicated. Adding the equations and you will solve it in 5 minutes.