Anti-tank Kinetic Energy Projectiles | HIGH VELOCITY MISSILES
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- Опубліковано 6 бер 2020
- Hyper-Velocity Missile, was an anti-tank missile developed during the 1980s. The HVM carried no warhead and killed its targets with kinetic energy alone using a metal rod penetrator. Development as an air-launched weapon for the A-10 Thunderbolt II ended sometime in the late 1980s but continued for helicopter use into the 1990s along with ground-launched (HMMWV) as the larger MGM-166 LOSAT. None of these systems was operationally deployed.
LOSAT developed out of an earlier Vought project, the HVM. HVM was a multi-platform weapon supported by the US Air Force, for their A-10, and by the US Army and US Marine Corps, for helicopters and other vehicles. HVM offered performance similar to existing systems like the AGM-114 Hellfire but offered a semi-fire-and-forget operation through the use of FLIR tracking and guidance commands sent to it via a low-power laser. It could be carried on any platform that had FLIR support, with the self-contained command guidance system able to be carried externally, or potentially integrated into existing target designators. With the end of the Cold War, the Air Force pulled out of the project, and development work on HVM appears to have ended in the late 1980s.
At about the same time, in 1988, the Army released a new requirement for a ground-based anti-tank system, known as Advanced Anti-Tank Weapon System - Heavy, or AAWS-H for short. AAWS-H specified an air-liftable lightweight system with the capability to knock out any existing or near-future tank outside its own gun range. The TOW missile could be guided from concealed locations, but did not offer the needed range and its relatively slow flight speeds (~250 m/s versus 1650 for HVM) left it vulnerable to counterattack from the target while the missile was in flight.
The MGM-166 LOSAT (Line-of-Sight Anti-Tank) was a United States anti-tank missile system designed by Lockheed Martin (originally Vought) to defeat tanks and other individual targets. Instead of using a High Explosive Anti-Tank warhead like other anti-tank missiles, the LOSAT employed a solid steel kinetic energy penetrator to punch through armor. The LOSAT is fairly light; it was designed to be mounted onto a Humvee while allowing the vehicle to remain air-portable. LOSAT eventually emerged on an extended-length heavy-duty Humvee with a hard-top containing four KEMs used by special operations. Although LOSAT never "officially" entered service, it was used for the smaller Compact Kinetic Energy Missile.
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Anti-tank Kinetic Energy Projectiles | HIGH VELOCITY MISSILES - Наука та технологія
Texas instruments, where you can come for all your calculator and high velocity missile fire control system needs
Yet it still can't compute X
Nothing about Emerson?
Lol, in high school...we had ti-34 calculators...but the military 🪖 had Texas instruments laser guided bombs...
1:54 Watching the steel wheels of a tank crushing rocks and the ground beneath it is surprisingly soothing to the eyes...
*crunchy*
Good video Matt. Your final comment made sense. This weapon system will be brought back, at some point. The blueprints are stored somewhere. Unless lasers can be developed to punch holes in tanks, high velocity penetrators will have a place. There are many cancelled programs, but pieces of them are used in future programs. Hypersonic missiles are becoming popular now, so dont be surprised if the HVM reappears.
I was a kid when the HVM project was announced. Always thought it was a cool concept. Thanks for the update, I imagine its time will come again.
thanks matt... great information as always, you are THE go to for military hardware like forgotten weapons is for firearms... cheers
Red camp effect
Another excellent video, Matt: detailed, comprehensive, well thought out and well presented. Keep up the good work.
Next episode,
Railgun Tanks!
@@revolverswitch True, energy required are significantly less than rail/coil gun.
maybe the real issue is do you want to negate the whole tank warfare by introducing a modar system that can be fired from a
normal car (more or less), exponentially increasing threat to tanks once the tech picks up. After investing zillions of dolars into tanks, normally you want to go with the same. This tech can have the same impact as the early guns had on personal armor in medieval times, any peasant with a modicum of training being able to kill a mounted knight.
The problem remains the mass of the power plant required, the Navy could do it on a nuclear powered ship, but a tank is just too small.
"War Thunder developers *SCRIBBLES FURIOUSLY* on a dilapidated notebook"
lol
Sekrit documents! We need sekrit documents, tovarisch!
Ink is frozen again, blin!
One of the best documentaries I've seen on Apfsds rounds
Thanks 😊 4 educating us with so much knowledge on Apfsds
watching those starstreaks fly is so bizarre, they way they dart around looks like a swarm of gnats
Starstreak is a kinetic anti aircraft system in use today. Pretty cool one actually.
I love your videos. Your knowledge about every subject is much appreciated!
Thanks Matt, I tracked that program with a lot of interest since I graduated in 1990 and lost track of it when they joined in the merger! I agree with major high intensity combat being what is forecast, the 2.75 inch rocket and Clem could be used more in a ground support role! I think tow is in dire need of being phased out. Javelin is good, but we need something more immune to apps systems!
Mat, I really enjoy your vids. Keep up the good work. Thanks!
Love these kinda videos like mini documentaries!!
combine a scaled down version of this technology with Advanced Precision Kill Weapon Systems like the upgrade on the Hydra 70 and I think we're looking at a low cost future tech winner
Wait for the electromagnetic rail-gun, it will be the ultimate kinetic energy perpetrator. The electrical energy required is currently (joke) the limiting factor. 25 megawatts of sustained power is required, the average warship generates 10 megawatts. That said, pulse technology under development by BAE has lowered the requirement to 5 megawatts. Much more achievable.
@@gusgone4527 still waiting on the "Rods of God" Orbital Artillery (Ortillery) lol but yeah I agree - direct fire in the (not so distant) future is going to be dominated by rail guns and rail gun-alikes, indirect and stand off stuff though I think will belong to guided hypersonics.
@@thecavalrygeneral3453 railguns arent going to be good in ship warfare, the projectiles cant hold any payload and to do major damage it has to go really fast which can make the projectile unstable.
if you mean near future to be 2050... I mean just sayin
@the cavalry general, I took a design for that to the UK government way back in the mid-90's. Of course they said they were not interested because it could not be done without looking at my design or my CV.
I never heard of these programs. Those things are flipping awesome!
As usual, quality editing, solid info, set an exception in ad blocker for your content.....the ordinary stuff.
Awesome Review, never heard before of this Programm, very interesting👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👍🏻 THX
Great video! Keep it up! These are my favorite type of videos from you
What! Another Matsimus Vid! Great job as usual Mat
5:09 voice crack was amazing and so was the video
Excellent, thanks for posting!!
A couple of pods of HVMs under the wings of the A10 would have been a gorgeous thing to behold in combat.
I'd love to see an updated A10 with no rockets or missiles.. but replace them with more ammo so I can see a 20-30 sec burst of madness
Very well-researched & very informative.
I think I once heard one of these systems referred to as “Follow on to TOW” in the late 1990’s. And the idea was that it would replace the Tow systems I worked on. I had always wondered what happened to the project after I left the service.
Good, informative video. I didn't even know this particular branch of anti-armour systems existed 'til now.
Love it, Matsimus! Keep it up, please.
8:32 That is true. However, that depends on the layout of the missile. The missile could be arranged with as a penetrator with jettisonable rocket motor. After which, the penetrator will glide, unpowered to its target (similar in build to the Starstreak missile. This arrangement of missile is basically strapping an APDSFS unto a rocket motor). Since, the penetrator flies by itself, it suffers less from drag. In fact, I would say that it would only lose around 40 m/s every 1 km it travels (similar to how an APDSFS loses energy to drag)
Or, the missile could be arranged by surrounding the penetrator core with the entire body of the missile. Which is kinda akin to an APCR shell. However, this design suffers from excessive loss of kinetic energy due to drag. A normal APCBC shell loses like a few-couple of hundred meters/sec every 1 km it travels (I am not quite sure about APCR, but the effect may be worse, since the shell is much more lightweight). *[And sure, even if the missile wraps around the penetrator, it still has a fairly areodynamic dart shape, so it wouldn't lose drag like an APCBC shell. But, then, the cross section of this missile layout is still higher than a missile where the penetrator flies by itself]*
If the missile is wrapped around the penetrator couldn't you have a rocket that continues accelerating long enough to offset the increased drag with higher velocity when the motor burns out? If it's going fast enough by then the increased drag wouldn't have time to slow it down too much before it reaches the target?
@@Pudentame
Yes, your right. As you say so yourself, you can have a rocket that continues accelerating to offset increased drag. Or increasing the rocket's speed to a higher velocity.
There is no technological limit stopping anyone from making a higher velocity KEM missile. They could do it if they wanted to.
However......that being said, going faster doesn't come without it's own downsides. And there are some issues to making a faster missile
Thank - you .
"The T-72 in Lockheed Martin's 2007 test was just over 2 miles away from the CKEM launcher. Limitations in the firing platform’s ability to steer the missile to the target may have been the reason for not testing it out to its maximum range at that time."
It's not as great as it sounds. T-72 was probably old one captured from Iraq with Kontakt-1(which already isn't effective against APFSDS). Or shot on the side just like in the video.
It works against aircraft and lighter armored vehicles(APC...etc.) because they're thin-skinned.
But inherent instability(which is how it's steered) can cause massive penetration loss against modern tanks. (on top of ERA/NERA's mechanism for defeating KE projectiles, any slight tilt would be significant decrease in penetration, ~10degrees will lose ~50% penetration; worse if it's hit by hardkill APS)
The non-existence of explosive effect also limits its use against infantry...etc.
So basically you have a vehicle-portable weapon(barely, seeing as Humvee had to be enlarged) that is dubious against front of modern tanks with similar range to standard ATGM platforms, that has little use against anything that isn't armored enough for pure-AP to be effective(would probably pass straight through civilian cars without much damage), that costs a ton(not just in deploying/supplying a new platform), that has very long minimum range(this is nearly Shilleleigh level bullshit; except that one just can't be guided before that range, this one literally has less destructive power until it accelerates past that range), that probably still has enough backblast to kill friendlies 20m away.
That's probably why people gave up on it. Might as well use a traditional ATGM(top down attack, or just a bigger warhead) or lower-pressure/recoil traditional tank gun(like 105mm on M1128MGS).
At one point the KE protection was drastically lower than the CE protection. It was in the mid to late 50s I believe when the defense meta was leaning towards everything armed with HESH or HEP and HEAT-FS shells with aux ATGM for tank combat as first generation test deployments of ERA were only recently introduced. I honestly wonder if this program was a legacy of that time and just floundered in the bureaucracy on paper for decades. Even as late as the 70s with the introduction of T-72 with proper armor and T-80 the kinetic protection reached levels almost equal to chemical protection these missiles would be rendered redundant.
If it were firable from a more mobile system I could see some use against IFVs but all of your points are valid. Any scenario that this system could be employed in likely could be matched in performance at worst or likely exceeded by a TOW-2 or javelin.
@@Colonel_Overkill anything going that fast will fly flat and straight and destroy most things on the battle field and air
@@bigmal1690 you appear to have missed my point, while I am disputing what the rocket will do on impact, Im also saying the entire program seems to be 40 years late. A kinetic projectile like that has subpar performance to a gun launched APFSDS shell, which it is supposedly intended to rival. It also is inferior to HEAT effect weapons and for pure kinetic impact most modern battle tanks are immune to it frontally. Decades ago this would have been a great system but these days anything it may be able to do something else can already do it better.
Simple calculations based on the impact energy show that a hit from an 80kg projectile travelling at 2000mps will destroy any ground vehicle. It doesnt have to penetrate the armour, it has enough energy to snap the chassis like a torpedo breaks the keel of a ship.
@@afs101 Nice try at using full weight of the missile instead of the relevant part(the penetrator).
If you take a round *that* heavy(for reference, 80kg is close to the weight of a 203mm HE round) and dump it onto a tank, even just HE would destroy any tank...
176lb. is missile with the fins, guidance system, mostly propellant that would mostly be burnt before reaching max range(just to accelerate to lethal velocities, if it actually works...).
Lol "simple calculations."
Now I know why people think this is some kind of magical weapon - they can't even figure out how heavy the relevant part is. (remember this is supposed to be "lightweight" enough to fit onto HMMWV)
In all likelihood it probably blinds the shooter(and "computerized tracking system") with launch blast for most of that ~4s it takes to reach the target, plus it has maybe 20 degrees of guidance, on a wheeled platform that you have to steer toward target...
And that's just LOSAT; CKEM is already well under 50KG.
Brilliant video as always
The best youtubers always be named matt
Great content bud. Keep them coming.. greetings from the UK 🇬🇧🍺
Good stuff. Minor pick: Loral was not part of LM. Loral picked up LTV and other defense companies/units during the consolidation of the defense industry after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Later, Loral decided that it wanted to concentrate on commercial space launch and sold off its defense elements to LM.
Love the vid, these programs were completely unappreciated. P.S. Please do the Ticonderoga class cruiser! :)
Really interesting information and footage. Thanks!
Thanks very much.....
Nice video..talking about kinetic energy missiles with clear explaining of method of explosively activewear ...thanks friend
Interesting as always.
Yes great video very informative thanks
Awesome video never heard of this weapon system
Thanks Matt 😁
Awsome vide !!! If there is no tanks in the army, this will be a really good resolution.
Very interesting weapon systems indeed.
Thanx!
Very interesting really enjoyed it thanks
thanks for the vid !
Oh, nice video. Tons of new (to me) info.
listen son, i play kerbol space program and in that game the delta V to orbit is roughly 2000m/s and your saying that thing has the energy to do that packed in to that tiny package, AAAND THEY MADE IT EVEN SMALLER AND FASTER, this blew my mind
Awesome vid.
Well researched and quite interesting. This technology is in our closet waiting for a new armored threat.
Your into are so epic
Enjoyed 👏
Great footage and fine information! Kind thanks. Instant LIKE and SUB.
Keep your stuff coming great cont
Throwing something very fast towards the enemy will always be a viable strategy, its been around for thousands of years
Awesome video. I’m glad I found your channel. New subscriber here.
great video
Excellent video.
If they were so concerned about the minimum range, they could just put a pair of Javelin launchers on one side of the turret and Lost on the other.
Could just use the crows javalin that already is in service on strykers
Great video, very informative
Great stuff as usual... have a mint day
Nice job
Nice video!
2 hours late but notifications worked this time, Matt (via my feed but still, notification)
What if tanks fire hypervelocity missiles. Take a solid fueled subcaliber rocket and line its internal combustion cavity with a burnable carbon fiber porous tube. This tube would protect the plastic solid fuel from deformation. A spigot will be inserted into the combustion cavity to fill any empty space. When the tank fires the round, the igniter explodes the main charge that sends the missile sub-projectile out of the cannon tube. Then the spigot is ejected from the rocket's combustion chamber out at the back, this is done with the help of a time delayed fuse that pushes the metallic spigot-rod through the nozzle and out of the rocket. The rocket is ignited and it burns slightly oxygen rich. It then deploys its fins for controlled flight.
The main charge is a high explosive/gun power mixture with innert hellium gas buffer in order to make it a combustion light gas cannon. So if the missile exits the cannon at mach 2,5 to mach 3 it could then accelerate to hypersonic velocities...
Would this work?
Great story. More pls!
Wow I never knew TI did these kind of military contracts. My old man worked as an engineer there in the 90s.
14:08 The LOSAT missile has 90 MJ of kinetic energy? Well maybe for the entire missile itself, but that doesn't apply to the penetrator core itself. The kinetic energy of the penetrator core is likely to be lower.
If we look at the Starstreak missile itself as an example, it weighs 14-20 kg overall. But, the total projectile weight of the missile is 2.7 kg. So, that gives us a figure where 13.5-19.3% of the missile is its projectile core. That's pretty impressive, since APDSFS shells devote around 22% of its weight into the actual penetrator (so that Starstreak has somewhere around 60-88% of the "payload" of a tank fired sabot shell).
But, anyways, that means the actual mass of the LOSAT missile that actually contributes to the penetration is only around 10.8-15.44 kg. Which gives a kinetic energy of around 12.54-17.93 MJ. Which is pretty impressive, in comparison the 140mm XM291 is speculated to have a muzzle energy of around 24 MJ (it is likely that half of that energy goes into penetrator of the sabot shell).
So.....a fraction of the missile's kinetic energy is devoted to the penetrator core. But, what about the rest of missile body, you might ask. Well, the rest of missile body would probably peel off, and not penetrate very far into armour (sorta akin to the aluminum body on a APCR shell peeling off when it hits armour). HOWEVER, that's not to say that the (peeling) missile body (surrounding the penetrator core) isn't entirely useless. It could cause secondary damage through concussive impact (caused from the mass of the missile body). Just as an example this is what happens to a Churchill tank when it receives a non-penetrating hit from a German 128mm gun ftr.wot-news.com/2013/10/25/the-big-bad-128mm/. Yeah, the 128mm is pretty damn scary, now use your imagination when thinking about a great big honking, 90 kg missile flying your way at hypersonic speeds.
*[And also, a slight side note. The LOSAT missile may weigh 80 kg. But, you gotta keep in mind that a significant portion of the missile's weight is in its fuel. So, once, the fuel is expended, the weight of the missile may be less than 80 kg]*
@@komradearti9935 Are you sure about that? That seems far too light for a 80 kg missile. Where do you get your information from?
@@komradearti9935 Oh ok. Thanks.
Thanks Mat
Mack? 🤔
Outstanding channel...🥃🥃
Just because we may not need a particular weapon system at the moment, that doesn't mean we won't need it in the future, so don't totally get rid of something that we might be needing in the future.
Great vid.
Some of those launches look a lot like the UK Starstreak. Itself an interesting system.
those are Starstreak missiles :-)
A good friend of my Father's worked for the US Army at Aberdeen back in the 60's and 70's and with us all being gun folks, we often discussed weird or oddball weaponry. He told me about a now unclassified program he worked on the was a precursor to this program. The Army was looking for a lightweight man portable hyper velocity weapon that would allow a single man to knock out a Russian tank. They came up with a KE round that sent a titanium "dart" that was about twice the size of a standard flachette. He said they sent it down range at close to 10,000 fps and at 500 yards it went through 2 M60 range target tanks front straight on and passed entirely through the front and back of both tanks. He said it was incredibly strange to look through a perfectly shaped hole with fins and all and look straight through them both. One of his jobs was to document the terminal performance and the Army was happy about how well it penetrate but it would literally just punch neat little holes and not do any spalling or create any shrapnel upon penetration. Basically unless personell or something vital was in its path, nothing really happened and the program was deemed a failure.
My Goodness what powerful weapon , God bless America .
It sure did not go to waste all of that technology right now we have the rail gun. Cheers
Another Beautiful video...
👌
😲
i remember when Texas Instruments just made digital watches and hand held calculators for math class.
9:48 I have a pic of one of those fireing on my wall. My father took the pic
stop lying....u dont have a father
Where did he take that pic?
I just started to get interested in this ammo since the game Armored warfare implemented a loot of these toys .
Like the griffin 120 mm , uses a kind of hyper-sonic kinetic guided missile .
With everything I’ve ever seen or heard about kinetic energy missiles they are so much less expensive to operate. It seems they are more practical
Nice your back 👍✌👍
That other vehicle beside Bradley is VFM 5, which is based on XM8.
I love your videos. Was just this, that cought my attention.
You're right, they will be coming back quickly I would think.
Fascinating would like you to do something on jsow's and some of the more obscure weapons/munitions ie electric rail gun and some of these types of weapons
One sexy vehicle tbh,keep up your great work and God bless you 🥰🥰
good sucking
remember playing tackle football and you got your BELL rang...now imagine weaponizing the pain
After active protection systems for tanks .... this project will be alive again
I never knew this kind of weapon system existed, barring Starstreak.
Very cool, and interesting. I think satellite launched kinetic energy missiles are probably in our future, if they're not here already. Pretty scary stuff!!!
You were talked about the Fulda gap for armors invasion?
1:31 If I remember correctly, the Soviet Union during that time had outnumbered NATO in tanks by a factor of 2 (and some of their tanks were pretty scary actually. Anyone familiar with the T-64?). And the Russians had a numerical superiority in infantry by a factor of around 4 (To be honest, NATO had some advantages over the Soviet Union. Such as in air, and naval power). So, obviously NATO was like "nope, I don't want anything to do with you", and resorted to desperate backup plans (namely using nukes. But, to be fair, the Soviets were planning to do the same thing too)
Yes but the Russian tanks were garbage as usual...
@@ThisAlias Are you sure about that? When the T-54 was introduced it was equal to the American Patton tanks (and I don't rly remember anyone calling those tanks being garbage). When the T-64 came out, it was superior in almost every conceivable way (although it was built in relatively few numbers. After which point, the T-72 superseded it, due to cheaper costs).
I wouldn't call Soviet tanks to be garbage
@@ThisAlias Everybody knows that in WW2 German tanks were by far more sofisticated and lethal than any Soviet one. But,... as A.Hitler said in a private conversation, Soviets were able to build 1000 T34 per month. In some cases even German tanks finished all the shells killing Soviet ones, but there were still many that still were more Soviet ones operationally able to destroy the German ones.
Sofistication and modern weapons often demonstrated that in the long run do not bring the superiority against massive attacks. Or even against a Taliban/Vietcong that lives during days in a foxhole with an AK and a bowl of boiled rice.
Furthermore, sofistication is always expensive and operationally dependent of second line support.
Russians tanks are not generally lethal, but also cheaper and more easy to mantain. It is not only with tanks, but also in many technologies they create. It is in their minds, thus their engineers mindset.
Im trying to remember but there was a place in west Germany that you could go to see into e Germany and actually see Russian tanks sitting just beyond the border but enough to let you know they where there. I was a kid in the 70s living there as an army brat but I believe the area was around Fulda.
@@Antagraber "Sofisticated" in ww2 germany tank divisions = overengineered, expensive, and fragile. They were very effective when working properly but outnumbered. And they only dominated in the earlier stages of the war. There's a reason why Germany considered rushing their own carbon copied t-34's when they started running into them in Russia. Up until the Abrams Russian tanks were considered pretty beast. Supposedly their new stuff is as well, however modern militaries are moving away from MBT's now, so they will never have a chance to shine I imagine, other than bullying 3rd world countries.
I read on a forum where it was mentioned that back in the day (80’s 90’s probably) bofors were testing a 220mm recoilless anti tank gun which had the capability of firing dart ammunition(supposedly)
Seems ideal from modern ship to ship warfare
Please do a video on active protection systems.
When I was doing my UOTC thing back in the late ‘90s my CO said that Germany was considering StarStreak, until they realised this would mean they would have ‘SS’ divisions. Doh!
fuck that would be amazing
Yep. Thats why we called it HVM in the British Army. The idea of an SS battery in the British Army was a bit unpalatable!
Damn this weapon look like its really crazy ! Wouldn't want to be at the receiving end. xD
This program did not get scraped , it was a step forward and now cheaper , about $25,000 per projectile that is all most twice has fast and much more distance! It's called the rail gun !