How Plants Became Carnivores
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- Опубліковано 6 жов 2020
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Go check out Overview on PBS Terra: • Why Are These Mountain...
Deep Look’s episode on Sundews! • Cape Sundews Trap Bugs...
How and why does botanical carnivory keep evolving? It turns out that when any of the basic things that most plants need aren’t there, some plants can adapt in unexpected ways to make sure they thrive.
Thanks to these folks for making their carnivorous plant footage available to us:
Patrick Moldowan and Algonquin Wildlife Research Station: • Botanical carnivory: H...
Brady Beck Photography: • Longleaf Serenity- Pin...
InnerWorldsJIC: • Bladderwort with Captu...
Mississippi Wildlife: • Venus fly trap eating ...
whiskyfromthefield: • Sarracenia Rubra ssp A...
scottschiller: • Drosera Capensis (Cape...
Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: / pbsdigitalstudios
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References: docs.google.com/document/d/1L... - Наука та технологія
“I’m tired of drinking, I wanna chew”
I remember
Nice CalebCity reference
"I can't move, I'm a plant!"
IT'S GOOD!!!
I was looking for this, glad to see it’s here
"One fossil seed... that was destroyed in a freak lab accident after being photographed" how are you seriously gonna leave us with just that sentence i need a whole video about this lol
I'm sure the CIA was involved. Possibly extra-terrestrial dinos as well.
The fossil was apparently dropped.
Eons video: *mentions convergent evolution*
My brain: _Why do things keep evolving into crabs?_
Someday, plants will evolve into crabs too, right? Lol!
They do have an episode with that title. Look up
@@ejenfaiproduction155 that's... what i was referencing...
💥
🦀
Carcinization
flytrap: "guys i'm a vegan"
other flytraps: **horrified gasps** "YOU CANNIBAL"
impressive work
What did one venus flytrap say to the other? You were NEVER vegan!
@tea wrecks Nice line, except a cannibal eats its own kind, a carnivore eats meat. It would be interesting if these plants actually ate each other.
I had a Venus flytrap once. One day as I was watering it I noticed (and I'm still unclear how exactly this happened) two of its traps were biting down on each other.
So, yeah, your joke actually has a slight ring of truth to it (at least to me).
@@swalihmm Boink! I totally missed that one......
"One fossil seed... that was destroyed in a freak lab accident after being photographed"
Is it bad that I want this event to get its own episode?
tell plainly difficult
Sounds similar to the death of my wife.
Sounds like a conspiracy of sentient predatory flora destroying clues to their existence.
@@Aereto I'm REALLY glad I wasn't the only one that this idea occurred to.
Not the only one, no.
When I was a kid, we lived in a shabby trailer and for whatever reason, no matter what we did, we would always have fly infestations, mostly in the summer. Then I learned about Venus fly traps. Our fly papers worked for a day or two, then the flies would get smart and avoid the areas where the paper was. So, little Elementary school me suggested Venus fly traps when I saw they sold them at Home Depot. I guess my mom just wanted to humor me, because she was surprised when it ate the fly we caught. I love those little guys!
I gifted my father a Venus fly trap plant and it did really weel and ate tons of flys that got into the house, until it flowered and then died for some reason.
Great stories--except that Dionaea catches mostly ants and beetles. Crawlers, not fliers.
@KnightsWithoutATable it probably didn’t die. Flytraps go dormant in the winter and for all intensive purposes look dead much like a tree or tulip does in winter
@@kevinpeters6709 Well, this was early internet, so we really didn't know that. It got tossed in the trash.
@@anne-droid7739 they catch them when we are able to stun the little buggers and throw them into their mouths lol
Soon to be a carnivorous plant: what does an insect taste like?
Normal plant: huh
Soon to be a carnivorous plant: sorry it was a strange thing to ask
Is that aot reference? 😳
@@rebshuuprety5627 yes
Eren time travels
Gone rogue!
“Purple Acid Phosphatase” sounds like what a biochemistry professor would name their psychedelic funk band
"Welp, can't get enough nutrients from the ground and sun, time to hunt" ~ Some plant
Actually quite the opposite, it dosent hunt, it sits there and waits for the prey to come, nature's literal COD sniper campers
Cowabunga it is
XD
Spoiler alert
😂
Plant want more food, plant want MEAT.
Now I want to know what that "freak lab accident" was.
Yeah it seems suspicious in the same way as the old metallic hydrogen claim
If it was one of those old days photo equipments that contained also a mini-lab to reveal the photo yourself, it most likely involved the acids in said lab spilling out, thus dissolving the most precious specimen.
We don't know that the accident was related to the photography...but nonetheless, I'm imagining some pretty unlikely scenarios. Like, somebody was trying out their Victorian camera, and the flash powder ignited all the ether in the lab...
I looked up the original article. They accidentally dropped the tray containing said fossil seed and the seeds smashed... A shame.
@@xinyep3813 Thank you very much.
"there are essentially two things a plant has to do to be considered carnivorous"
Me: be carnivorous, and be a plant...
Ayyy pan rights!
@@femmesammy8768 enough about pan rights, lets talk about pan wrongs
@@femmesammy8768 pronouns trash this entire evolution thing the video talks about. Why are you here?
@@edwardjennings6021 Not how it works + you have pronouns too yknow
Correct he/him, but theres only the prior and she/her biologically. Unless its a fungus, but you're a human not a mushroom.
I find it amazing how the enzymes used to fight of funghi evolved to digest insects just because of the chitin they have in common.
Well, that's evolution for you
"Why use a weapon for defensive purpose, while you can actively kill stuffs with it ?" - A soon to be carnivorous plant
Yes!!
Looking down on my salad and wondering if it's luring me in.
🤣😂🤣😂🖖
Bye 👋
😉
Either way it would help you lose fat
Salads are good for your digestion, maybe you are on to something.
@@MrLarryLicious And a finger or two lol
3:20 "Carnivorous plants are found on every continent except for Antarctica."
Even Australia?
No, wait, silly question.
Everything dangerous lives in Australia. "Dangerous places" 101
@@doggygirl3187 they don't have any top apex land predators anymore so it's honestly not that bad
@@Sami-io6xb uh huh... check out the Cassowary... ;)
@@Sami-io6xb Its the little things in life that get you
In Australia
They would probably eat stuff like kangaroos over there
Carnivorous plants: “I’m so hungry I could eat a lizard”
Normal autotrophic plants: “Wtf bro???”
Edit: This went from a joke to an argument about reptiles 😂
Aren't salamanders amphibians?
I like to imagine it was all starved when one of the plant have pot shaped leaf that accidentally trap a bug or something and realised it was pretty delicious.
@@thomasfplm some pitcher plant species are big enough to drown lizards and eat them
@Live Jewelry yes the devs must allow this buff the herbivores are getting their XP too easily
@Live Jewelry don't make jokes about that. they may be coming for us. or running.
Mom had a venus flytrap in college. When she went camping, she asked her roommate to “please feed Fritz. There are cricket meatballs in the freezer.”
She’d purchased crickets, froze them, then wrapped them in bits of ground meat. Which somehow worked better for her flytrap than just the bugs. Not sure how. Fritz died and Mom got a dog. And then she had kids
I presume cricket meatballs are still an annual friday meal?
@@heisara not after I had a gecko!
"Ohh yay, I topic I actually asked about got a video!! :D"
**saddened squirming soaked salamanders**
"I am now informed and perturbed! That's the Eons I know and love 💖"
🎶 Feed Me Seymour!🎶
No mother it's just the Northern lights
I'm a simple man. I see a video about carnivorous plants, I look for semour, I up vote.
How does this not have more likes? Lol
Feed me all night long!!!~
8:32 "...and one fossil seed from the Eocene Epoch of Australia that was destroyed in a freak lab accident"
I want to know more about that lol
"You are a plant, why do you eat meat?!?"
"You know, if I went vegan, that'd have been cannibalism 🤷🏻♂️"
There's one type of carnivorous plant that stopped eating bugs and instead catches fallen leaves in its traps. A vegetarian plant..... real freaky but true!!!!
@@velocipastor676 I was just about to ask whether there are any plants that eat other plants. Do you know what its called? I googled around for "herbivorous plant" and "leaf eating plant" but didn't find anything.
@@creativedesignation7880 nepenthes ampullaria
thats why it doesnt make sense that comic writers keep making poison ivy a vegetarian
@@nikkovalidor4890 yeah!!!! I mean, her friends are plants, so she wouldn't eat her friends
I can only imagine what the carnivorous plants of the Mesozoic would have looked like.
They are 40 meters tall and consume pterodactyl
Sadly the era with the big bugs was the carboniferous which was way before the mesozoic, back in the paleozoic
My mood right now: eons and something to eat
Literally samee right now!!!
Same! Just knocked down a couple cheeseburgers and a milkshake(guess what country I'm from 😂) while watching :)
Chicken divan.
@@semaj_5022 Burgmilkistan?
@@willlastnameguy8329 close! Though I am from the state of Friedchickenistan
'Freak lab accident after being photographed'? "FEED ME SEYMOUR!"
Fly when my slipper is flying at it: I am speed
Fly when plant jaws are closing: This is fine
Everyone gangsta until the plants bite back.
That PLANTed a funny picture in my head...
Wonderful episode!
Both great channels!
Both are great
have you tried to see a nepenthes pervillei seeds under high resolution camera? they have iridescent coat
Omg! Its Deep Look!
What??? I am actually subscribed to your channel a long time ago and I thought you are inactive. And i actually have notifications on..Damn it youtube algorithm!
my plants; *Standing out in grass*
me; THEY’RE JUST STANDING THERE, MENACINGLY
Here in the UK we have a lot of brambles and quite often sheep and other animals get stuck in them and eventually rot
I once read an article that this actually could be one of the reasons for the plants spines along with stopping stuff eating them
I too have heard this notion about brambles…
Every time you cut to the salamanders I was just like “Help them!!”
Me too! Poor little guys
Likewise, but, plants gotta eat too, even when their prey is cute. :(
The biggest ones can catch mice and newborn monkeys too
D R Bunny Totally, I get that! But it still made me sad
No way they caught it fair and square, plants gotta eat too
Everyone gangsta until they get stuck in a venus flytrap
the fly's gold chains fade out of existence
I usually have a hard time understanding english speech, but the way everybody speaks on this channel is really articulate and good, I would like to thank you all for your amazing work, I can rest my eyes without having to read captions, perfect bedtime situation.
Oh, cool! I'm not the only one!
I also like listening to these videos just before bed.
vegans: "Everyone should eat only plants! They dont have feelings like animals do!"
carnivorous plants: *Are you challenging me, mortal?*
🤣
Mortals 😂😂😂😂
I looked at your pfp so I’m not gonna take this seriously but this did get a breath out my noise
Ahahahaha omg I'm vegan and this is mind-blowing, I really don't know if I'd be comfortable eating those plants
Eat me then, I no longer have feelings.
I've reached that point where I'd believe anything PBS Eons told me.
I’ve reached that point where I’d do anything PBS Eons told me.
@@Toenailish We can only hope that PBS Eons use this power wisely.
Austin I’d certainly believe they’d have my best interests in mind
Facts
they check their sources
When Plants are carnivorous, Animals are vegetarian.
@@BestOfAnimalss I would delete that comment so you don't get yelled at
Uh nevermind, your welcome. Have a good day
@@BestOfAnimalss people who say thanks for the likes get hate
@@BestOfAnimalss I don't know why people just hate that for some reason its stupid
An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth and a leaf for a leaf.
I loved the background music... so fond and calm. Almost like we aren't even talking about brutal, vicious carnivorous plants hahah
Steve is my favourite patron. One day I will become like Steve and help science reach people. Thank you Steve !
The plants were tired of eating the sun
🎶I love tasting the suuun!🎶
Actually nevermind, I like eating flies, frogs, and other things now.
T A S T E T H E S U N
Going for a tan in the sun is nice, but you just gotta have some red meat...
BTW, carnivorous plants eat bugs to compensate for lack of minerals in soil, not to replace sunlight. They still need sunlight, more than many other plants in fact.
If you can taste the rainbow by eating skittles, maybe the sun tastes like all the colors of skittles combined. Makes me wonder why you would want flies. :P
@@mikullmac they want a burger! 😅
That's cool, was reading a comment the other day asking for exactly this video. Nice that they read these
So easy to tell that you love your work!! Upbeat, enthused and confident! Do enjoy your segments!
I love this series so much... always learning something amazing about our planet and the things that call it home.
My only beef is I wish these were longer episodes. I could totally get on board with 30min episodes.
*_Gotta get that protein._*
* sweet home webtoon flashbacks *
Most people talk about their cats and dogs. But I have a pet Venus Flytrap.
🤭
Perfect companion to a pet rock.
I have a random question: how do you feed it? Live flies? Chunks of meat or bug?
@@winterspectre I'm not the person you're asking but I can answer your question. I have a few different carnivorous plants of different genera, and basically they don't really need any help from you except putting them in an area with enough light and enough insects passing through, they will feed themselves because that is what they evolved to do, so no need to feed them, but I do it from time to time to show off their traps to other people.
Grab a fly by the wingtip (hard to do btw) and let him flutter in the trap, when it closes watch him panic :)
What did you name your plant? I'm not judging, I'm interested in your choice.
That ending though. The fly is crying for mercy to the fly gods and the music is like so happy and and as the fly it struggling to escape her tone is so happy.
You have to have a fair bit of remove to study this stuff, I suspect.
That was carnivorous plant music.
I love my canivorous plants! They are so fascinating, it never gets boring. They look like they were genetically engineered by bored scientists to look cool and beautiful. The passive trap concept is so simple yet so effective. I also like the other ones, but Nepenthes and Sarracenia are my favorites, i always look for new plants for my collection. They are all hybrids, but that's ok. Better than taking native plants out of their habitat and endangering them. Still enough eyecatchers among them. Nice Episode!
I've always wondered if there were carnivorous gymnosperms earlier in the Mesozoic that predated modern carnivorous plants. Those same niches still would have existed before angiosperms evolved and many ancient gymnosperms share convergent traits with modern angiosperms. But since theses environments preserve fossils poorly its gonna take a lot of luck to find a fossil of such a plant.
because they have already evolved many times recently and they require specific conditions to survive it is not unreasonable to say that carnivorous plants have evolved many times and gone extinct
They said its happened at least 9 times that we know about so I would say its fairly safe to assume its happened before.
What is a gymnosperm?
@@funkyfetus5592 it's a group of seed producing plants which literally mean 'naked seed' as their seeds are unenclosed
@Umair Khakoo That actually reminds me of ponderosa pine, they are pine trees native to California which would emit sap to protect them from the pine digging beetles. Not exactly carnivorous, but similarly unique.
Folks, isnt this channel just awsome
"destroyed after being photographed"
Can someone elaborate on that?
Someone dropped it and stepped on it.
Yessss! More botany and entomology videos please!!! They’re totally under appreciated 😁
YES Eons! Fighting depression one vid at at time.
The true true.
@@inutaro maybe there is a plant that can feed off your sadness
We all go through highs and lows, tough times, even if it's not clinical depression. I hope you find much happiness in your days. 2020 is a particularly sucky year. Let's hope next year gets better.
Hang on !
@@brianmessemer2973 That's what boomers say. The young folks all have depression, if I may say so without sounding like a boomer.
Just as a matter of semantics, it is not considered convergent evolution in the strictest sense to many evolutionary biologists. The term they seem to use is parallel evolution, where a trait that exists in some way in both organisms is modified to do the same thing. For example multiple woody plants evolving herbaceousness though a reduction of the vascular cambium.
Convergent evolution to them is when different traits evolve to do the same thing but in different ways. An example of this is eyes in arthropods and vertebrates or "wood" in monocots even though monocots lack the vascular cambium necessary for the secondary growth that generates woods.
I personally think this is a dumb distinction and that parallelism is just a type of convergence, but that's just me
Yay! Thanks for doing an episode on these guys. I absolutely love carnivorous plants and actually kinda sorta got to use the same evolution mechanics behind our real world Caron plants and a creation of mine in a fascinating evolution simulator called Thrive. (I am not affiliated with nor paid by the developers just love the game which is free and is nowhere near complete (only the single cell stage is available right now))
Thank u guys for reigniting my love for PBS. It got me threw alot of bs as a kid. Shout Out to Zabomafoo!
I loved Zaboomafoo!
Love the acknowledgement of indigenous peoples at the end xoxo
Love from Australia
I thought was an awesome acknowledgement too! 🙂
Same!
The movie, "Little Shop of Horrors " still messes with my head to this day.
Try watching the movie Eraser Head. This movie will truly twist your noodle.
I think it's the best movie to ever come out of the 80s
@@rossbusher4412 whats that
Mine also.
@@xX_wiLLiam_Xx very creepy movie from David Lynch l think. Nothing to do with carnivorous plants, it's just very....... creepy.
Fascinating. I had no idea there were so many different kinds of carnivorous plants.
That was a fantastic episode! I love Andy Steve whenever you mention him in the credits.
As an Australian Aboriginal man i thank you for acknowledging us in you vid.
Vegans: We only eat plants.
Carnivorous plants: Hello there.
Can vegans eat carnivorous plants?
@@connor863 I guess not. Some carnivorous plants use acids to dissolve their prey and I'm pretty sure drinking that would be pretty bad. Mind you, I'm from Stoke-on-Trent, so we'd probably call that a special brew.
@@connor863 Probably. Animals have been around long enough that I'd imagine pretty much all minerals have been part of one at some point.
That said I'm not aware of any carnivorous plant beeing fit for human consumption.
@@connor863 out of curiosity after reading this post, l took a nibble from a leaf trimming that l took from one of my carnivorous plants. Just tasted like any ordinary leaf. Just.... grass like. Not edible
I made that comment low-key as a joke but absolutely love that I'm getting science-y answers to it! 😃
As if all that wasn't mind-blowing enough, the genus Nepenthes seems to say "hold my digestive fluid": at least one species is evolving away from carnivory; others derive much of their nutrients from the droppings of animals that they attract (the "bat Nepenthes" for instance has upper pitchers that perfectly accommodate a certain species of bat which seeks them out for daytime shelter); N. albomarginata is "preferential" to termites which it lures with secretions of cellulose; and then there are the commensals- a species of spider that lives in one nepenthes' pitchers, diving and hunting in the digestive fluids; and a mosquito that apparently lays its eggs exclusively in the same fluids, the larvae helping themselves the plant's prey, thanks to a coating that prevents them from being digested also.
Said before, say again: you have a lovely voice and well-modulated speech that project earnest involvement in your subjects.
This is the first time I have heard of that bladder plant. I wish there was more emphasis in this video on that since so much time was spent on pitcher and sundew plants but, thankfully, I know how to google. Great video, as always!
New Eons video on a day off, nothing better!
10:42 "No, Dad, I'm not changing my name to 'Pre-Cam Brian.' I don't care how proud you are."
I gotta say, EONS videos are the best structured and paced, most easy yet still satisfying science shorts on youtube. Im more into physics and space but still, even SpaceTime -the best physics show on yt imo- could learn a bit from its sister channel. Thanks EONS, thanks PBS!
Thank you. I needed the "Eons Calm" right now in my day
I love when you guys talk about plants, it would be really cool if you make more of them in the future!
“A plant that used sticky goo to catch its prey, got stuck forever in the sticky secretions of another plant.”
From certain videos I’ve seen on the internet, I believe that’s considered “friendly fire”
Love how you credit the indigenous people. Bravo
I’ve been wanting a video on this for a while very excited when I saw this
i love this channel so much 😵 i want to be a botanist or paleobotanist and your videos are so interesting, I listen to them like podcasts 24/7
As a current paleobotanist I encourage you to pursue it! It can be a bit tiring at times but it is really worth it.:-)
@@stepfanhuntsman5470 plants>animals
If you haven't yet, check out the channel Crime Pays But Botany Doesn't. His videos are really interesting and informative, and he has a certain crass charm that's really amusing and endearing.
Six-year-old me is breathlessly excited and amazed by how cool these things are.
And so is twenty-seven-year-old me.
Your 27 yr old you can now own your very own carnivorous plant.
This is true! I should go get some!
I sometimes think about how dinosaurs had counterparts on air, land and water. Similar to modern day animals, but a completely different set. Like how carnivory evolved 9 times on it's own in plants. Creatures repeatedly evolve similar tactics that work over and over, while still leaving room to develop new ones. Pretty cool stuff.
This was great! I saw Moth Light Media's video on this subject a couple days ago, and I really enjoyed the Eons take on the same subject. It's such an interesting evolutionary development.
Ah thank you so much for giving the reason why this felt eerily as if I had seen it or something very similar before despite it being new!
@@jennis8561 for sure! It threw me off for a minute, too. Lol
This channel makes me feel big brain even though i'm dumb
Nah, curiosity is what makes you smart.
I was literally thinking about carnivorous plants just before this video went up. Thank you for being convenient!
Are you a psychic? Quick! Think about money falling from the sky!
Really interesting topic and a great presentation
My cousin once cared for a Venus flytrap, it’s really interesting to know how these plants and many others became carnivores.
Literal reaction to notification: EONS!!!! I always get so happy to see a new Eons video!! Of course, I'm completely icked-out about all things insects/bugs, but I make an exception for Eons insect-related videos. I didn't realize there were multiple different ways plants could be carnivores, that's pretty interesting.
I was always wondering when you guys were going to make this!
I love the credit they give out at 9:33 for the people and the location of everything used 😊👍👍
I remember learning about pitcher plants as a kid, right after moving to Mississippi. One of the niftiest things I ever read up on for myself. I still think they're neat!
Oh man, I had a pet venus fly trap as a kid, and it was such a joy for us to learn about her and feed her and get her little terrarium (an old cookie pot) just right. She would sorta hibernate every winter, and lived for yeeeears.
Loving the message at the end, guys!
An issue deserving of more attention.
Respectfully working with indigenous peoples to learn from their lands and fostering good relationships between the scientific community and theirs would do so much to enrich our understanding.
- An aspiring linguist & palaeontologist living on Kaurna land
so much information, love it
I love carnivorous plants, I own a little terrarium filled with them. They're absolutely the coolest and learning about how they evolved is amazing. A cool video I would love to see from you guys it's about the evolution of New world vultures Carthartidae and the Terratorns (Terratornis mirabilis)
Thanks to Kallie for so beautifully hosting this, and of course the rest of the team and all of you who've helped bringing this into fruition! As a teacher I can only be happy, delighted, and thankful!
You guys makes my work such a delight! Love from far away, happy, and supporting little Denmark!
🇩🇰❤️🇺🇸
PS to all of you lovely Americans! I sincerely hope you will take the time and effort to #vote2020 💙
Amen to all that.
@@gyozakeynsianism ESPECIALLY the part about "Kallie for so beautifully hosting this" because she is just ENGAGING AND CAPTIVATING..... crap, I've got a crush
A proud owner of 3 species of carnvivorous plants.
The tip to keep them alive is simply to always maintain bellow their pot a plate of either De-ionized water or rain water. Do not use tap water (or mineral water)! The roots of these plants are too sensitive to the salts in the tap water. Other than that, their roots do not mind being partially submerged as they are bog plants.
They do not really ever need feeding of any sort as long as the insects can sometimes get to them. They need really tiny amounts of insects to be happy.
Love when you guys talk about plants!!
And would love even more if you make a video about galls
Wait, galls? Like gallstones?
@@lunarose2529 No!!! hahahahaha
More like plant galls. You should look it up, it's a very interesting ecological event!
@@lunarose2529 no, like galls in plants which contains larvae
Yeeeey! A palaeobotany episode! I felt so excited, I had to comment first, watch later LOL.
Thanks for the education, very very cool.
I love this topic! Great video as always.
PBS = National Teasure
I wonder if some plants that evolved on land returned to underwater habitats. I’d love to learn more about aquatic ferns and kelp!
Kelp and seaweed isn't plants, seagrass on the other hand is a type of flowering plants.
Aaah.. The sun tastes too Hot. I am gonna try a Lil Umami now 🦗🌴
The sun is a deadly laser.
So much variety and possibilities in the evolution of plants.
This made me think:
Why did plants never develope that ability to actively move themselves? Did their specific cell structure fundamentally not allow to build equivalents to nerves and mucles?
Amazing video thanks
Love your videos❤
Super curious. I’ve read about ancient forests on what is now Antartica and given its position for most of the end of the Cenozoic, it likely didn’t receive the same amount of sunlight as equatorial forests. Wonder if plant carnivores were widespread there during those hotter times.
Very educational and entertaining. It's great to have something like this after a long day.
I like the animations in the beginning. Keep it up!