He missed the greater importance of windmills. In 1592 a Dutch peasant invented the sawing windmill, allowing the Dutch to build ships 30 times faster. Together with the financial innovations like the Amsterdam wisselbank, they invented modern capitalism and proto-industrialization, made them doing more than half of all European trade. That made them filthy rich, not the VOC which brought a lot of exotic and expensive products, but was less than 1% of the Dutch trade. The big money was in the European bulk trade, not in the one year trips to Asia. The main purpose of the VOC was to fight the Spanish Empire overseas. The VOC was relatively big in Hoorn though. The statue is op J.P. Coen, one Dutch history's greatest human rights violaters with the Banda massacre. "There can't be trade without war or war without trade" as he put it, and when natives were in the way of the great struggle agains the evil Spanish catholics then they had to be gotten out of the way. In a nationalistic hype in the late 19th century the VOC was romanticized and he got that statue, but it has had a plaquette explaining his human rights record since the 80's. Despite religious zealots like Coen and the Dutch Republic having a protestant government, it was religious tolerant. Only the catholics their churches were taken and they were put on a tight leash because of the war against the intolerant catholics. The freedom of conscience (of how to serve god) was codified in the Union of Utrecht of 1579, which became the de facto constitution of the Dutch Republic, and later confirmed in the Dutch DOI of 1581 as an inalienable right. That meant that catholics could be catholic, but they had to build churches in their own homes and don't make the look like a church from the outside, while jews were allowed to build the biggest synagogue in the world in Amsterdam. Actually the painting at 16.30 depicts one Dutch reformed, two catholics, a mennonite and a remonstrant, in business together.
In the Netherlands, 18,000,000 people live (September , 2022) on an area of only 41,543 km². This means that there are about 461 people per square kilometer. This makes the Netherlands the most densely populated country in the EU (Monaco is not part of this). And after the dwarf states Monaco and San Marino, the most densely populated country in Europe. About 40% of the Dutch population lives in the Randstad. The most densely populated municipality in the Netherlands is The Hague with 6,429 inhabitants per km². Best regards Frits
Aaa this is gonna be good! Happy to see more Netherlands content, you're always great. Yes, that church tower is really leaning that much. It leans about 2 meters from the vertical! In Leeuwarden in Friesland, we also have a leaning tower, which is arguably even more famous as our ''tower of Pisa''. Belgium was less of a delta region than the Netherlands, they do have windmills, a few, because they were also used for carpentry in previous times, but in the Netherlands the number of old windmills was for a large part for draining out lands. But yes, nowadays both have a large number of modern wind turbines to provide clean energy to the nations. 80% of all flower bulbs are from the Netherlands, it is true. It's our current monopoly, haha. Way less harmfull than.. the spicy trade. Oof. Also regarding the maeslantkering, look it up on google, the white thingies are just the arms, the thing blocking the water is like a solid piece of.. idk. Just look up pictures, you'll understand! But it's basically 2 moving arms of a stronger strength than any dike could offer. It's no wonder it's one of the modern wonders. 35:30 , the then lake turned into fresh water within 5 years, so yeah, pretty quickly I would say!
About your comment about the english dialect is not about that English and Dutch are the same, but We watch a lot of american television show / movies etc. Basically we learn UK english on schools even with the Engish accent, but because of the US influence nowadays it sounds American.
As a child I used to wear those wooden clogs. If you are used to them, they are comfortable. Getting used to them takes some time. Also, the older the clog, the more comfortable they get. The inside gets smoother in time. The only thing I really didn’t like was wearing them in the snow. The snow stuck to the clogs and became like a round sole. So every few steps I stamped on the ground to get the snow of. When we went inside the house it was easy to leave your clogs by the door, no untying laces. We were totally used to them but I think i would have trouble to start wearing them again. 😂
How long it will take for land reclamations to become lakes again? The moment you stop draining the ground water will start flodding it again so its a matter of days to weeks depending how deep they are below riverwater level! No rain needed to flood them!
To answer one question, YES! There is desert in Europe. There are many places that look like a desert because of sand dunes, but the only true desert is a small region in Southern Spain.
Depends on how you define a desert, when it is a place where nothing grows, there are many deserts in Europe. In Spain where there is little rain. In the mountains above the herb level. In the north where it freezes. And the rare inland sand dunes in the Netherlands where nothing grows because of lack of nutrients.
@@dutchman7623 or the north sea which is also a sea sand dessert accept for some boulders that were dropped from Scandinavia by the moving ice when the ice melted at the end of ice ages that combined with the shipwrecks form oasis in the sea desert!
I’m amazed that you’re reacting to such an old video. I’m Dutch and hardly recognize some of your objects. I live very close to Haarlem and the city has changed so much😮. Please look for some more recent films or video’s. The Netherlands has some of the best universities in the world. We don’t wear clogs, that’s just for tourists 😢. You should just come and visit my county, especially outside the area of Amsterdam.
Land in England around The Wash an area known as the Fens were drained by Dutch engineers and have Dutch names, you’ll see a cross cross of rivers, drains and ditches with windmills and dykes
When it comes to the Maeslantkering, the barrier that protects Rotterdam, they only showed the arm parts of the barrier. At the end of those arms are a set of rounded walls that meet in the middle of the river.
Yes, there is a desert in Europe in Spain. Look up Desierta de Tabernas. There are also deserts in Italy, Poland, Serbia and Ukraine. And in The Netherlands there are shifting sand plains that give a desertly feel as well.
24:45 That's Jan Pieterszoon Coen. He was the founder of Batavia and made the VOC huge. He also did some less pleasant things to the poor people of the Banda Islands but he is still considered as a national hero.
I don’t think of him as a national hero and don’t think many people do. He exterminated those islands and people nowadays judge these acts very harshly. His statue being there is not of idolisation but more as a reminder of his horrible acts.
He was portrayed as a national hero in the late 19th century when the statue was erected and a nationalistic sentiment was hyped in relation to the actual colonization of Indonesia, which was only really happening then. But the VOC board already told him off for his brutal handling of the Bandanese when he reported on it without shame. They were happy with the result though. Decent guys like Piet Hein and De Ruyter are much more national heroes, and rightly so.
Your enthusiasm about geographical and historical facts is so great Connor McJibbin. Just try to focus on what you see, instead of letting your mind wander off completely 🙂
@28:00 I'm from The Netherlands. To understand how completely a nation can commit to this sort of project, consider the Netherlands. We have been fighting to hold back the water since the end of the Iron Age, 3,000 years ago. Our Dutch government have already approved spending a billion dollars a year for the next 100!! years to deal with the threat of the sea. Dutch motto: Defend, adapt, retreat and avoid. Or like I'd like to say: "Adapt or die" 😉😅U.S.A. motto: "Patch and pray". Unfortunately, in the United States, there is no central planning or discussion of how to cope with such sea level rise. People are too busy arguing about whether water levels are actually rising, and what is causing it, though the science is pretty much settled. Sea levels are going up. Dutch water engineers build the $165 million Seabrook Floodgate Complex, completed in 2012, to protect New Orleans by reducing storm surge entering from Lake Pontchartrain. I also belief it's our nations mentality. If we had to deal with hurricanes like the U.S. centuries later we would build our houses like (beautiful) "bunkers", out of concrete and stone, earth-sheltered maybe. We would build it economical (Thrifty Dutch) but it would still look classy. Not "Muricans" though, still keep rebuilding their "hurricane proof" wooden houses. Mind you, The Dutch colonizers of America build houses the exact same way...in 1602!! 😂😉 Love your channel! Cheers!.
So... the 'Maaslandkering' surge barrier (about 28 minutes in) consists of 2 floating doors that close off the 320 meters wide river. When they close off the river, they're filled with water and sink to the bottom where they sit on a mount. The barrier then is still high enough to block a 15 feet tidal wave. After the storm they drain the barrier doors so they float again, then they are returned to their docks on each side of the river. That process takes about 2.5 hours.
Also: The doors are a lot bigger than what you see above ground. They go 'below ground' into quite deep 'dry docks' which are flooded when the barrier needs to close. So the Arms you see above ground are quite literally only half the story.
Wooden shoes are comfortable as long as they fit well. You can't just buy your size and think they'll fit. The inside has to fit to the shape of your feet too. And when you find the right ones, they're great. I used to walk on them often, especially on vacation. Easy to step in an out, dry and warm feet and a good footbed. They're great.
As a Belgian (from Flanders), I have to say the Dutch speak English better than us (as in they master the language better), but their accent is so harsh and so hilariously Dutch! :p Flemish people who speak English have a way softer and less noticeable accent for me.
The "stormvloedkering" is much more then just those huge doors you see in this video. Its a set massive structures that spans over a huge part of the coastline in the province of zeeland. Look up "Delta Works".
well, yes, the Rhine has a side-river called the Main, from there a man made Canal (Rhein-Main-Donau-Kanal) gets you to the Danube and the Danube goes to the black sea
The “Maasland kering” storm surge barrier already has its gates submerged in the water. There are cut outs in the land where the barrière can go when its opened.
These big doors are in a drydock and when they want to bring them to the center of the river they let water in the docks , the doors start floating and then drift in the river where they will be pumpt with water and they sink on the tresshold . Hope you understand what I am trying to tell .
If the pumps stop pumping, water level in the polder will rise directly. It’s not only rain water but also ground water coming in. Polders near the sea sea has have a specific water level other wise the salt water from the sea is entering the polder. Most crops are not salt resistant. There are places near Gouda if you don’t pump the water out it will turn into a swamp very vast and what looks like a grass field is floating dirt with grass on top, very dangerous to walk on.
So about the wooden shoes: In the beginning, they will not be that comfortable and I can advise you to wear thick socks when you just started wearing them. But the wood of the shoes will shape to your feet. So you will end up with a really comfortable outdoor work shoe.
The freshwater lake, called IJselmeer, has changed from salt to fresh water thanks to the fresh water of the river IJsel. By spraying the salt water into the sea at low tide at sea, it gradually became a freshwater lake.
They wouldn't need to spray water into the sea it's constantly being flushed by the river isn't it ¿? I would imagine they would have to spray the salt laden layers of sediment and sand into the sea otherwise any future disturbance of the lake floor would release lot of salt concentrate I could be wrong But from a logical point of view with extensive knowledge of such matters unless the river doesn't normally feed the lake and that part was done by mechanical means Please let me know if you have an answer it's always fascinated me how so much of the country is under the sea water level Why haven't you done this again and expanded more
@@madyottoyotto3055 ''Why haven't you done this again and expanded more'' - Environmental groups/concerns making it impossible to complete the full plan Cornelis Lely (the one that made plans to drain the inland sea called Southersea) had, thus making the province made out of the former sea only about 50/60 % efficient. In the original, a huge 3rd polder was planned, but sadly it never came to be only the 2 first polders were built, even though large parts of the dikes were already built for the 3rd polder, it never saw the light of day. Nowadays life changing projects could never happen, democracy and the boredom of ordinary life is too much of a factor. People don't like change. Anyway beyond the borders of the inland sea, it's impossible to expand. You can't extent across the base coastline. Not in this current times/technology anyway.
@@madyottoyotto3055 "Spraying water" is an error of translation. The IJsselmeer is connected to the sea by locks and some pumps. The process of letting water through to control the level is called "spuien" in Dutch. If you apply Google Translate carelessly (or think the word is "spuiten" instead of "spuien"), you end up with "to spray" rather than "to flush".
@@letheas6175 BS. The reason the Markerwaard was never built is money, it has nothing to do with environmental concerns. The Markerwaard would be hugely expensive to build and over the years the necessity never justified the cost. And there's no reason you can't extend across the base coastline; what do you think the Tweede Maasvlakte is? You could extend The Netherlands all the way to England with enough sand and concrete. But why would you? We don't need that much land, certainly not at that price.
I remember going to an old windmill that was kinda like a museum. But they also showed you how everything worked. Even for Dutch people this is fun and interesting. I mean, we weren't born with the knowledge of how windmills work. lol. There are many historic buildings in Europe that make you feel you stepped into another time. Like castles with the original (or replica) furniture. But even castle ruins trigger your imagination when you walk through them. I advice to always take the tour with guide. They often have great stories and you learn a lot.
The modern windmills you saw on your trip are all generating electrical power. The classic wooden windmills in The Netherlands that still exist have been preserved as monuments but are not really used anymore other than for demonstrations to tourists. *Note:* classic wooden mills are held together by wood pegs. Not a single nail is used. This is because they were intended to be dismantled, loaded on carts and moved to a new area to pump away the water. Because of this, wooden mills were also used during the Eighty Years' War, when cities were being besieged and the besieging Dutch army would use windmills to pump away the water that the town or city had used to inundate the land. Reversely, the Dutch also destroyed their own dykes as a way of defending the country against the Spanish and later French invaders because even if the water level wasn't high enough to drown the enemy, no soldier like getting wet feet or having to wade through water up to their waist. Water is still being pumped from the low laying country into the rivers or the sea but these are all modern industrial pumps.
3:16 guy giving out free samples, tries to give a second sample to the other person, but interviewer just takes two of the same kind hahaha do they even know how expensive good cheese is? I sure hope they bought something.
That statue that you were trying to figure out, who it was. That is Jan Pieterszoon Coen... Check him out, there is a lot of controversy about that statue. The big organ, in the Big Church (Grote kerk or Sint Bavo) of Haarlem, was actually played by Mozart. I used to work and live about 50 meters from that church. And yes there are some desserts in Europe..... El desierto de Tabernas in Spain (as someone mentioned before) is actually really famous. The movies, A Fistful of Dollars, For a Few Dollars More (1965), The Good, the Bad and the Ugly from 1966, were shot there. But also other great ones like Lawrence of Arabia (1962), Once Upon a Time in the West (1968), Trinity Is Still My Name (1971), Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989), Exodus: Gods and Kings (2014) and others
Before pumping out the water of most of the west of the Netherlands (Holland), it was primarily marsh land (inhabited by frogs). These provinces are practically a delta for several rivers. The cogs were/are perfect for walking in these soggy lands.
All your questions about the flood protectionbarrier and the freshwaterlake are answered in this video about mega projects. It was all man engineerd in the early to mid 1900's ua-cam.com/video/I79CQUTO5II/v-deo.html
well you were almost correct about the information from another video. i believe that video does specifically say "80% of the worlds Tulips and over 50% of the worlds cut flower exports"
There is not an easy answer on how long it would take to flood Holland. It depends on so many factors, but if there is a storm surge at spring tide, we saw in 1953 in the province of Zeeland that it could happen overnight. But there are also some "sleeping dikes" at some places as a second line of defence.
The lake (IJsselmeer) that used to be a sea (Zuiderzee). Is fed with fresh water from the river the IJssel. So they pumped out the salt water, while fresh water kept pouring in.
Land where the sea once was is very fertile and is great for our flower industry. It's the reason why 1/3 of the world's flowers come from Holland. So yes, it's different sand/soil than on the other side of the country.
The big IJsel lake (Zuiderzee, english: Southern Sea) turned into fresh water indeed, a very long dam was build from North Holland to Friesland for safety (dangerous floods during storms) of the Dutch cities. Very good question, how long did it take to get fresh water? Indeed, the Dutch milled the land dry, large parts of North Holland and South Holland. Half of the Netherlands is below sea level. I had no idea that Archimedes screw was applied to pump water to a higher level. We now have 17 million people in the Netherlands, mainly due to mass immigration from Africa and Asia. The Dutch export numerous plant and animal products, which is now under political threat ("the environment"). Most Dutchmen have a very high esteem of the Anglo Saxon world.
30:00 the two barriers do float, when they are in place they are fild with water so they sink to the bottom of the river and protect the land from the sea
To be able to go from Rotterdam to the Black Sea you have to pass from the river Rhine that goes from Rotterdam deep into Germany (in fact it flows from Germany to Rotterdam of course) and jump to the Danube River, that flows from Germany through Austria, Hungry and Romania to the Black Sea. To connect these two main rivers of Europe a canal was constructed in Germany (the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal over 100 miles long in a mountainous region) that was only completed in 1992! It did not take too long for het IJsselmeer lake (former Zuiderzee sea) to become sweet water. Already in 1934 the lake was almost sweet water after the dike was completed in 1932. Note that it's not just only rain that fills the lake with sweet water but mostly rivers that bring enormous amounts of sweet water into the lake.
@@DenUitvreter As you can imagine if you create an artificial lake that is fed with water from rivers, you have to create locks to avoid that the water overflows. These locks end up in the sea and that's were the salt goes.
@@raatroc So the IJsselmeer water is higher and flows into the sea? Makes sense, rivers without a lake flow into the sea too but I always got the impression the sea was higher than the lake.
@@DenUitvreter no the lake lays higher.. thats why around the entire lake you will see storm barriers and dikes as well because it still has a sea climate
If you want to know how the storm barriers work and how they reclaimed the land, this video explains all about the delta works and how they were created: ua-cam.com/video/I79CQUTO5II/v-deo.html
The Netherlands is still great, but... I fear that the greatness of the Netherlands might be fading away. The government proposed measures that will basically bankrupt the farmers because cow fart methane and CO2 emissions. The electrical grid is at the brink of collapse because the organizations that manage the grid cannot bring themselves to convince gemeenten (municipalities) to authorize the construction or expansion of new power lines. The construction of new buildings was partially halted a few years ago because of the CO2 reduction measures, which exacerbated the problem of housing shortages that the country has been experiencing for decades now. There is now some talks about the possibility of introducing a meat tax to force everyone to become vegan. Inflation is among the highest in Europe, only surpassed by some eastern European countries that were very exposed to russia. The Netherlands has the 3rd LOWEST percentage of renewable energy production 12% (oh yeah, they really have fallen behind), only Malta and Luxembourg manage to be worse. Along with the Swedes and the Germans it has the highest taxes for people's incomes (forget about working extra hours or getting a second part-time job, you won't see much o that money, the belastingdienst will keep most of it). The heal-care is terrible, mostly because you cannot get inside a hospital unless you are already dying, they set up a system of deflectors that keep patients away from hospitals, like the family doctors (huisarts) who are completely useless in most cases because they are not specialized in anything and can't recognized the most basic health problems and paracetamol is their goto solution for literally everything. Also the healthcare is the second most expensive in Europe, only behind Switzerland. Everyone loves to talk about the bicycle infrastructure, and it is true, it is great, but try to find a parking lot in the center of a city in the Netherlands... you will soon find that the majority of new buildings do not even have underground parking basements, so the cars get parked outside, on the streets, occupying space, the city centers are hellholes and there is a growing trend of suburbanization... just like in the US in the 1950's. The Dutch themselves actually hate the city centers and when they have the money they pay half a million Euros for a house in a sprawling suburb with detached houses and a tiny garden in a street with no amenities and in many cases out of reach from a walking distance convenience shop... I am not even going to talk about the huge income gap between poor and rich people in the Netherlands and the falling purchasing power... The Netherlands is very different from the US, but still it is one of the countries in Europe that resemble the US the most, and as times go by, it resembles the US more and more.
windmills grind corn. those in holland are called wind pumps that move water. the tall white things you saw where wind turbines that produce electric complely differnt thing
The windmills that move water are called polder mills in Dutch (polder is the land which is sectioned of by dykes and then drained). We also have industrial mills that grind grains, saw wood, make paper, press oil etc. and some of those are still in use.
According to Wikipedia, it took the Ijsselmeer about 2 years to become a fresh water lake! It is constantly fed by the river IJssel with fresh water. This river in turn is fed by the Rhine river. In the dam that seals the lake of from tje sea, there are locks to discharge excess water. The IJsselmeer is also an important source for drinking water nowadays.
Yes, you are right, there is a sand layer between 30 - 100 feet down almost all over the Netherlands. The town I live at is approx. 6 feet below sea level.
To answer one of your questions about 'flooding'; climate change means huge inland storms as well. 2022 brought inland flooding which wiped out valley communities, and was followed by droughts which make rivers like the Rhine unnavigable, putting the economy under immense pressure.
10:38 Min No, the rivers bring down sand, clay and mud that sink to the bottom of this inland sea. And now after 20 years the salt is out of the ground and grass, cabbage, tulips or potatoes can be grown on this soil Best regards Frits
The doors of the Maeslantkering are hollow. They float in a dock. When there's a storm surge the doors are floated to the middle of the Nieuwe Waterweg and pumped full of water to make them sink to the bottom of the canal. When the storm surge is over the water is pumped out nd the float back into their docks.
They didn't fill the reclaimed land with sand and you don't have to dig to find the bottom of the sea. What you're walking on IS the bottom of the sea! (I'm Dutch btw)
the IJselmeer is filled with the water from the river IJsel. they dindn't drain the entire water and waited till the area was filled with rainwater. since the entrance from the seawater was closed of the only water that came in was freshwater it mingled with the sslt water and through flushing out water it became fresh.
Might it be that the upward motion of the Archimedes screw prevents the water from flowing back? It would probably need a specific speed to keep the water going up, so they adjust that I think?
This is from a Scientific American article: The Archimedes screw is a form of positive-displacement pump. A positive-displacement pump traps fluid from a source and then forces the fluid to move to a discharge location. The Archimedes screw is made up of a hollow cylinder and a spiral part (the spiral can be inside, but here you'll put it outside the cylinder). One end is placed in a low-lying fluid source and the other end is tilted up into a higher discharge area. To move water all you need to do is rotate the screw. As the screw moves it scoops up a small amount of water into the first pocket. On the next turn of the screw the first pocket of water moves to the second pocket, and a new scoop of water enters the first pocket. This motion continues, and eventually the first scoop of water comes out at the other end.
1 Yes it is leaning 2 That gate is probably the last thing you'll see in the city because its like in the midpoint of everything else. Also people got into a car accident there like almost 2 days ago, no one survived. pretty sure the bodies recovered of the two women separately were just dumped by a serial killer or something. I don't see how they got out of the car into the water even at that speed. -Source I live here. Light festival tomorrow!!~
4:02 The leaning tower of the Old church in Delft already started to sag during the build (in the 1300’s I believe). If you look closely you see a little bend in the top half, because they continued building straight up on the already leaning lower part.
The Archimedes screw is far from perfect, but it works (good enough, back in the days). If you can hold e.g. 20 liters of water in one "section", and you loose 12 on the way up, you've transported 8 liters. Naturally, sealing would make a big difference. Steven pronounced it as "gezoond", but it should be "gezond". "gezoond", in Dutch written as "gezoend", means "kissed". We don't do that with herring. When you stop draining the water, the flooding won't come from rain, but mostly from ground water that is being pushed up by the sea. It's the principle of communicating barrels. Along the coast there are so called "kwelders". These are pieces of land that get flooded by this effect and need constant draining. Kwelders are the opposite of polders.
Before the dam in the north (Afsluitdijk Close of dyke literally) IJsselmeer was Zuiderzee (South sea) and salty. After they closed the sea they renamed it into the IJsselmeer (lake IJssel/Yssel). It took ONLY 5 years before the whole lake turned from salt to fresh (sweet) water. This is also a part of our drinking water source. We're not without that quickly, lol.
Love seeing you trying to grasp the ideo of a "polder". This is a body of water made into land. When the water is pumped out it is not filled in with anything. Just imagine a lake without water. That's it. The soil is often sand but it can also be clay or peat. To keep the water out a dijk (dike) is bult around the lake and on the outside of the dike there is a cirular canal (ringvaart). Now the only thing you have to do is keep pumping out enoug water so the lake does not flood again but leave enoug water to be able to use it as farm land. To be able to pump out the water you will find that the bottom of the former lake will have a mesh of little canals that collect the exces water. The only time when something is filled is when the reclamed land is actulally a former piece ot fhe sea. In that case no water is pumped but sea sand is built up untill it is higher than the water. In that case a dike may be built around it just to protect the new land from storm surges etc. Look for an example at the Palm Islands in the UAE built by Dutch engineers and dredging companies.
*Re: global share of flower export* according to Wikipedia it's over 50%. *Note:* in Protestant churches there are no statues of saints, no golden crosses or other ornamention you would find in palaces and Catholic churches. Formerly Catholic churches were whitewashed, the statues were taken down and destroyed and the gold ornaments were probably melted down or plundered to adorn some people's home. Remember, The Netherlands is the delta of the main rivers flowing through Europe, especially the Rhine. So along the way, starting in Switzerland as a stream, flowing through Germany and part of France, it accumulates a lot of soil, stones, etc, that is transported by the river till it meets the sea (The Netherlands). All those materials are deposited in The Netherlands and that is why we build our house from concrete and brick. Sand and pebbles are literally everywhere. And if you drain away the water, the bottom will also be clay, or even peat, which was used up till early Industrial times to heat homes. After a polder was established and all the water drained away, the government would seed it with simple plants like grass and weeds. Of course, there were parts that were just sand and unsuitable for agriculture except the planting of trees or grass. However, the agricultural output from the Flevopolders in the province Flevoland is so big that it places The Netherlands as the 2nd or 3rd largest exporter of food in the world.
That church on the market square in Delft has the royal crypt where the royal family is burried since William of Orange. The largest ports are in Asia these days, but Rotterdam used to be the biggest in the world. Rotterdam is so modern compared to other Dutch cities because the Germans bombed it in world war II and the entire city center was almost entirely destroyed with only a few buildings left ua-cam.com/video/yV0JA0JM194/v-deo.html
35:34 on averige the netherlands sees 800 mm rain in a year. since we are 12000 mm under sea level. if all rain remained in the netherlands and we forget the 2 main rivers flowing into the netherlands. it would take 15 years for the land to be at sea level once more if we stoped milling out the water. Im not an expert but in my lokal polder my dad is a farmer and has to deal with high and low ground water. the man that handeled the lokal water milling was ill during a storm and hadnt activated the milling. in 2 days 120mm of rain had fallen. it had caused the lokal farmland to be at places to be only an inch or 3 to be above the ground water. half of that field was a failed crop because the plants had rotted in the ground. This storm however was a rare one of its kind. comming maybe twice in a decade where i live. Dutch weather can be very differing during the day and lokaly, one village gets rain and the next village over only saw sun while they are only a mile or half a mile apart.
If you want to know how the Maeslandkering works, then look this up on UA-cam: "Proefsluiting Maeslantkering 2021 | Rijkswaterstaat" Last time it was closed was on 3 januari 2018 because of a big storm and high tide.
BTW, I stumbled on WranglerStar once, searching for a good knife sharpener, and he made a good video about a Dutch windmill, a saw mill, and also had himself informed about wooden shoes. One finger room at the heel and thick socks for comfort if I remember correctly. ua-cam.com/video/Q6FxG3ll-lw/v-deo.html ua-cam.com/video/Q6FxG3ll-lw/v-deo.html Windmills and wooden shoes are such terrible clichés here in the Netherlands that it takes an American to point out they are actually very interesting.
In the US, cities like New Orleans etc could benefit from Dutch water management technology. Dutch engineers have in fact been out there looking at laughable American efforts like the so-called levies in Louisiana, and did make suggestions to improve things. They were ignored by American engineers feeling they really didn't need upstarts from a tiny place like The Netherlands to tell them how to do things! The big difference between the Dutch and Americans is that Americans want to do fix things tomorrow, while the Dutch always take the long view. There are massive projects underway in The Netherlands that basically have no end date. You could say that water management is a skill the Dutch have been honing for 800 years!
Here is a short animation about the Maaslandkering. The one you didn't understand the workings of ua-cam.com/video/LXAmfvCpfOw/v-deo.html (only in Dutch but you'll see what it does in 1:30 mins).
clogs aren't that comfortable when they are brand new. When you wear them a little while, the wood starts to form to your feet, making them very comfortable in how they fit. They aren't the softest, obviously, but they were meant to be sort off like safety shoes. Having worn both a lot, I prefer wooden clogs in comfort. Though modern safety shoes are a lot safer.
He missed the greater importance of windmills. In 1592 a Dutch peasant invented the sawing windmill, allowing the Dutch to build ships 30 times faster. Together with the financial innovations like the Amsterdam wisselbank, they invented modern capitalism and proto-industrialization, made them doing more than half of all European trade. That made them filthy rich, not the VOC which brought a lot of exotic and expensive products, but was less than 1% of the Dutch trade. The big money was in the European bulk trade, not in the one year trips to Asia. The main purpose of the VOC was to fight the Spanish Empire overseas.
The VOC was relatively big in Hoorn though. The statue is op J.P. Coen, one Dutch history's greatest human rights violaters with the Banda massacre. "There can't be trade without war or war without trade" as he put it, and when natives were in the way of the great struggle agains the evil Spanish catholics then they had to be gotten out of the way. In a nationalistic hype in the late 19th century the VOC was romanticized and he got that statue, but it has had a plaquette explaining his human rights record since the 80's.
Despite religious zealots like Coen and the Dutch Republic having a protestant government, it was religious tolerant. Only the catholics their churches were taken and they were put on a tight leash because of the war against the intolerant catholics. The freedom of conscience (of how to serve god) was codified in the Union of Utrecht of 1579, which became the de facto constitution of the Dutch Republic, and later confirmed in the Dutch DOI of 1581 as an inalienable right. That meant that catholics could be catholic, but they had to build churches in their own homes and don't make the look like a church from the outside, while jews were allowed to build the biggest synagogue in the world in Amsterdam. Actually the painting at 16.30 depicts one Dutch reformed, two catholics, a mennonite and a remonstrant, in business together.
The netherlands is half the size of Ireland but has nearly 4 times the population so densely populated.
dude, i like you. You seem to bee thourough and ask questions other don't. Keep it up
In the Netherlands, 18,000,000 people live (September , 2022) on an area of only 41,543 km². This means that there are about 461 people per square kilometer. This makes the Netherlands the most densely populated country in the EU (Monaco is not part of this). And after the dwarf states Monaco and San Marino, the most densely populated country in Europe. About 40% of the Dutch population lives in the Randstad. The most densely populated municipality in the Netherlands is The Hague with 6,429 inhabitants per km².
Best regards
Frits
Bedankt Frits
the title is so wrong........ it shoud be Holland ....beyond Amsterdam... where is the east, south and north of The Netherlands ??
Aaa this is gonna be good! Happy to see more Netherlands content, you're always great.
Yes, that church tower is really leaning that much. It leans about 2 meters from the vertical! In Leeuwarden in Friesland, we also have a leaning tower, which is arguably even more famous as our ''tower of Pisa''.
Belgium was less of a delta region than the Netherlands, they do have windmills, a few, because they were also used for carpentry in previous times, but in the Netherlands the number of old windmills was for a large part for draining out lands. But yes, nowadays both have a large number of modern wind turbines to provide clean energy to the nations.
80% of all flower bulbs are from the Netherlands, it is true. It's our current monopoly, haha. Way less harmfull than.. the spicy trade. Oof.
Also regarding the maeslantkering, look it up on google, the white thingies are just the arms, the thing blocking the water is like a solid piece of.. idk. Just look up pictures, you'll understand! But it's basically 2 moving arms of a stronger strength than any dike could offer. It's no wonder it's one of the modern wonders.
35:30 , the then lake turned into fresh water within 5 years, so yeah, pretty quickly I would say!
Did you really type a whole ass encyclopedia
@@sume-guy Say you're American without saying you're American.
About your comment about the english dialect is not about that English and Dutch are the same, but We watch a lot of american television show / movies etc. Basically we learn UK english on schools even with the Engish accent, but because of the US influence nowadays it sounds American.
As a child I used to wear those wooden clogs. If you are used to them, they are comfortable. Getting used to them takes some time. Also, the older the clog, the more comfortable they get. The inside gets smoother in time. The only thing I really didn’t like was wearing them in the snow. The snow stuck to the clogs and became like a round sole. So every few steps I stamped on the ground to get the snow of. When we went inside the house it was easy to leave your clogs by the door, no untying laces. We were totally used to them but I think i would have trouble to start wearing them again. 😂
That's true, because the wood forms to the shape of your foot, just like leather.
How long it will take for land reclamations to become lakes again? The moment you stop draining the ground water will start flodding it again so its a matter of days to weeks depending how deep they are below riverwater level! No rain needed to flood them!
To answer one question, YES! There is desert in Europe. There are many places that look like a desert because of sand dunes, but the only true desert is a small region in Southern Spain.
Depends on how you define a desert, when it is a place where nothing grows, there are many deserts in Europe.
In Spain where there is little rain. In the mountains above the herb level. In the north where it freezes.
And the rare inland sand dunes in the Netherlands where nothing grows because of lack of nutrients.
Take any European movie - especially the spaghetti westerns - filmed in a desert. 99% chance that it was filmed in Spain.
@@flitsertheo Former Yugoslavia. In those days less roads, planes and curious tourists.
Just to add to the definition...
Antarctica is considered a desert.
@@dutchman7623 or the north sea which is also a sea sand dessert accept for some boulders that were dropped from Scandinavia by the moving ice when the ice melted at the end of ice ages that combined with the shipwrecks form oasis in the sea desert!
I’m amazed that you’re reacting to such an old video. I’m Dutch and hardly recognize some of your objects. I live very close to Haarlem and the city has changed so much😮. Please look for some more recent films or video’s. The Netherlands has some of the best universities in the world. We don’t wear clogs, that’s just for tourists 😢. You should just come and visit my county, especially outside the area of Amsterdam.
Some farmers do use wooden shoes
Land in England around The Wash an area known as the Fens were drained by Dutch engineers and have Dutch names, you’ll see a cross cross of rivers, drains and ditches with windmills and dykes
When it comes to the Maeslantkering, the barrier that protects Rotterdam, they only showed the arm parts of the barrier. At the end of those arms are a set of rounded walls that meet in the middle of the river.
There is a video of how the Maeslantkering works on UA-cam.
Yes, there is a desert in Europe in Spain. Look up Desierta de Tabernas.
There are also deserts in Italy, Poland, Serbia and Ukraine. And in The Netherlands there are shifting sand plains that give a desertly feel as well.
24:45 That's Jan Pieterszoon Coen. He was the founder of Batavia and made the VOC huge. He also did some less pleasant things to the poor people of the Banda Islands but he is still considered as a national hero.
I don’t think of him as a national hero and don’t think many people do. He exterminated those islands and people nowadays judge these acts very harshly. His statue being there is not of idolisation but more as a reminder of his horrible acts.
less pleasant? that's about an understatement as it gets.
I didn't recognize him, but Connor's bastardization of "Ende desespereert nimmer" gave it away as it's part of the full name of PEC Zwolle.
He was portrayed as a national hero in the late 19th century when the statue was erected and a nationalistic sentiment was hyped in relation to the actual colonization of Indonesia, which was only really happening then. But the VOC board already told him off for his brutal handling of the Bandanese when he reported on it without shame. They were happy with the result though.
Decent guys like Piet Hein and De Ruyter are much more national heroes, and rightly so.
Your enthusiasm about geographical and historical facts is so great Connor McJibbin. Just try to focus on what you see, instead of letting your mind wander off completely 🙂
That cool building is De Rotterdam, designed by Rem Koolhaas
@28:00 I'm from The Netherlands. To understand how completely a nation can commit to this sort of project, consider the Netherlands. We have been fighting to hold back the water since the end of the Iron Age, 3,000 years ago. Our Dutch government have already approved spending a billion dollars a year for the next 100!! years to deal with the threat of the sea. Dutch motto: Defend, adapt, retreat and avoid. Or like I'd like to say: "Adapt or die" 😉😅U.S.A. motto: "Patch and pray". Unfortunately, in the United States, there is no central planning or discussion of how to cope with such sea level rise. People are too busy arguing about whether water levels are actually rising, and what is causing it, though the science is pretty much settled. Sea levels are going up. Dutch water engineers build the $165 million Seabrook Floodgate Complex, completed in 2012, to protect New Orleans by reducing storm surge entering from Lake Pontchartrain. I also belief it's our nations mentality. If we had to deal with hurricanes like the U.S. centuries later we would build our houses like (beautiful) "bunkers", out of concrete and stone, earth-sheltered maybe. We would build it economical (Thrifty Dutch) but it would still look classy. Not "Muricans" though, still keep rebuilding their "hurricane proof" wooden houses. Mind you, The Dutch colonizers of America build houses the exact same way...in 1602!! 😂😉 Love your channel! Cheers!.
So... the 'Maaslandkering' surge barrier (about 28 minutes in) consists of 2 floating doors that close off the 320 meters wide river. When they close off the river, they're filled with water and sink to the bottom where they sit on a mount. The barrier then is still high enough to block a 15 feet tidal wave.
After the storm they drain the barrier doors so they float again, then they are returned to their docks on each side of the river. That process takes about 2.5 hours.
Also: The doors are a lot bigger than what you see above ground. They go 'below ground' into quite deep 'dry docks' which are flooded when the barrier needs to close. So the Arms you see above ground are quite literally only half the story.
I love Rick Steves' show. I've been watching it on our local Seattle PBS station (which we get up in Vancouver, BC) since I was a kid.
Wooden shoes are comfortable as long as they fit well. You can't just buy your size and think they'll fit. The inside has to fit to the shape of your feet too. And when you find the right ones, they're great. I used to walk on them often, especially on vacation. Easy to step in an out, dry and warm feet and a good footbed. They're great.
As a Belgian (from Flanders), I have to say the Dutch speak English better than us (as in they master the language better), but their accent is so harsh and so hilariously Dutch! :p Flemish people who speak English have a way softer and less noticeable accent for me.
The "stormvloedkering" is much more then just those huge doors you see in this video.
Its a set massive structures that spans over a huge part of the coastline in the province of zeeland.
Look up "Delta Works".
well, yes, the Rhine has a side-river called the Main, from there a man made Canal (Rhein-Main-Donau-Kanal) gets you to the Danube and the Danube goes to the black sea
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhine%E2%80%93Main%E2%80%93Danube_Canal
The “Maasland kering” storm surge barrier already has its gates submerged in the water. There are cut outs in the land where the barrière can go when its opened.
Yes, but the move it and then let water in to sink it and seal it I believe. They pump the water out to open them again.
@@DenUitvreter Correct
These big doors are in a drydock and when they want to bring them to the center of the river they let water in the docks , the doors start floating and then drift in the river where they will be pumpt with water and they sink on the tresshold . Hope you understand what I am trying to tell .
What you saw were wind turbines, which generate electricity. The old windmills were used for grinding grain and pumping water.
If the pumps stop pumping, water level in the polder will rise directly. It’s not only rain water but also ground water coming in. Polders near the sea sea has have a specific water level other wise the salt water from the sea is entering the polder. Most crops are not salt resistant.
There are places near Gouda if you don’t pump the water out it will turn into a swamp very vast and what looks like a grass field is floating dirt with grass on top, very dangerous to walk on.
So about the wooden shoes: In the beginning, they will not be that comfortable and I can advise you to wear thick socks when you just started wearing them. But the wood of the shoes will shape to your feet. So you will end up with a really comfortable outdoor work shoe.
The freshwater lake, called IJselmeer, has changed from salt to fresh water thanks to the fresh water of the river IJsel. By spraying the salt water into the sea at low tide at sea, it gradually became a freshwater lake.
They wouldn't need to spray water into the sea it's constantly being flushed by the river isn't it ¿?
I would imagine they would have to spray the salt laden layers of sediment and sand into the sea otherwise any future disturbance of the lake floor would release lot of salt concentrate
I could be wrong
But from a logical point of view with extensive knowledge of such matters unless the river doesn't normally feed the lake and that part was done by mechanical means
Please let me know if you have an answer it's always fascinated me how so much of the country is under the sea water level
Why haven't you done this again and expanded more
@@madyottoyotto3055 ''Why haven't you done this again and expanded more'' - Environmental groups/concerns making it impossible to complete the full plan Cornelis Lely (the one that made plans to drain the inland sea called Southersea) had, thus making the province made out of the former sea only about 50/60 % efficient. In the original, a huge 3rd polder was planned, but sadly it never came to be only the 2 first polders were built, even though large parts of the dikes were already built for the 3rd polder, it never saw the light of day. Nowadays life changing projects could never happen, democracy and the boredom of ordinary life is too much of a factor. People don't like change.
Anyway beyond the borders of the inland sea, it's impossible to expand. You can't extent across the base coastline. Not in this current times/technology anyway.
@@madyottoyotto3055 "Spraying water" is an error of translation. The IJsselmeer is connected to the sea by locks and some pumps. The process of letting water through to control the level is called "spuien" in Dutch. If you apply Google Translate carelessly (or think the word is "spuiten" instead of "spuien"), you end up with "to spray" rather than "to flush".
@@letheas6175 BS. The reason the Markerwaard was never built is money, it has nothing to do with environmental concerns. The Markerwaard would be hugely expensive to build and over the years the necessity never justified the cost.
And there's no reason you can't extend across the base coastline; what do you think the Tweede Maasvlakte is? You could extend The Netherlands all the way to England with enough sand and concrete. But why would you? We don't need that much land, certainly not at that price.
If you wanna know how the stormflutbarrer functions, there are some UA-cam clips you can look upon.
I remember going to an old windmill that was kinda like a museum. But they also showed you how everything worked. Even for Dutch people this is fun and interesting. I mean, we weren't born with the knowledge of how windmills work. lol. There are many historic buildings in Europe that make you feel you stepped into another time. Like castles with the original (or replica) furniture. But even castle ruins trigger your imagination when you walk through them. I advice to always take the tour with guide. They often have great stories and you learn a lot.
The modern windmills you saw on your trip are all generating electrical power.
The classic wooden windmills in The Netherlands that still exist have been preserved as monuments but are not really used anymore other than for demonstrations to tourists.
*Note:* classic wooden mills are held together by wood pegs. Not a single nail is used. This is because they were intended to be dismantled, loaded on carts and moved to a new area to pump away the water. Because of this, wooden mills were also used during the Eighty Years' War, when cities were being besieged and the besieging Dutch army would use windmills to pump away the water that the town or city had used to inundate the land.
Reversely, the Dutch also destroyed their own dykes as a way of defending the country against the Spanish and later French invaders because even if the water level wasn't high enough to drown the enemy, no soldier like getting wet feet or having to wade through water up to their waist.
Water is still being pumped from the low laying country into the rivers or the sea but these are all modern industrial pumps.
3:16 guy giving out free samples, tries to give a second sample to the other person, but interviewer just takes two of the same kind hahaha do they even know how expensive good cheese is? I sure hope they bought something.
About the clogs, we used to wear a them when we were kids about 40 years ago. What I can remember is that they were pretty comfortable.
That statue that you were trying to figure out, who it was. That is Jan Pieterszoon Coen... Check him out, there is a lot of controversy about that statue.
The big organ, in the Big Church (Grote kerk or Sint Bavo) of Haarlem, was actually played by Mozart. I used to work and live about 50 meters from that church.
And yes there are some desserts in Europe..... El desierto de Tabernas in Spain (as someone mentioned before) is actually really famous. The movies, A Fistful of Dollars, For a Few Dollars More (1965), The Good, the Bad and the Ugly from 1966, were shot there. But also other great ones like Lawrence of Arabia (1962), Once Upon a Time in the West (1968), Trinity Is Still My Name (1971), Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989), Exodus: Gods and Kings (2014) and others
Before pumping out the water of most of the west of the Netherlands (Holland), it was primarily marsh land (inhabited by frogs). These provinces are practically a delta for several rivers. The cogs were/are perfect for walking in these soggy lands.
All your questions about the flood protectionbarrier and the freshwaterlake are answered in this video about mega projects. It was all man engineerd in the early to mid 1900's
ua-cam.com/video/I79CQUTO5II/v-deo.html
well you were almost correct about the information from another video. i believe that video does specifically say "80% of the worlds Tulips and over 50% of the worlds cut flower exports"
There is not an easy answer on how long it would take to flood Holland. It depends on so many factors, but if there is a storm surge at spring tide, we saw in 1953 in the province of Zeeland that it could happen overnight. But there are also some "sleeping dikes" at some places as a second line of defence.
The statue in Hoorn is of Jan Pieterszoon Coen, you could call him the CEO of the VOC.
The lake (IJsselmeer) that used to be a sea (Zuiderzee). Is fed with fresh water from the river the IJssel. So they pumped out the salt water, while fresh water kept pouring in.
Land where the sea once was is very fertile and is great for our flower industry. It's the reason why 1/3 of the world's flowers come from Holland. So yes, it's different sand/soil than on the other side of the country.
24:38 it says "dispereert niet" meaning "doesn't disperse", statue of "Jan Pietersz Coen" also found on google maps
The big IJsel lake (Zuiderzee, english: Southern Sea) turned into fresh water indeed, a very long dam was build from North Holland to Friesland for safety (dangerous floods during storms) of the Dutch cities. Very good question, how long did it take to get fresh water? Indeed, the Dutch milled the land dry, large parts of North Holland and South Holland. Half of the Netherlands is below sea level. I had no idea that Archimedes screw was applied to pump water to a higher level. We now have 17 million people in the Netherlands, mainly due to mass immigration from Africa and Asia. The Dutch export numerous plant and animal products, which is now under political threat ("the environment"). Most Dutchmen have a very high esteem of the Anglo Saxon world.
30:00 the two barriers do float, when they are in place they are fild with water so they sink to the bottom of the river and protect the land from the sea
Cutting off a piece of sea, means that rivers end in a lake and thus bring fresh water, slowly replacing the salt water. More than rain does
To be able to go from Rotterdam to the Black Sea you have to pass from the river Rhine that goes from Rotterdam deep into Germany (in fact it flows from Germany to Rotterdam of course) and jump to the Danube River, that flows from Germany through Austria, Hungry and Romania to the Black Sea. To connect these two main rivers of Europe a canal was constructed in Germany (the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal over 100 miles long in a mountainous region) that was only completed in 1992!
It did not take too long for het IJsselmeer lake (former Zuiderzee sea) to become sweet water. Already in 1934 the lake was almost sweet water after the dike was completed in 1932. Note that it's not just only rain that fills the lake with sweet water but mostly rivers that bring enormous amounts of sweet water into the lake.
But where does the salt go?
@@DenUitvreter As you can imagine if you create an artificial lake that is fed with water from rivers, you have to create locks to avoid that the water overflows. These locks end up in the sea and that's were the salt goes.
@@raatroc So the IJsselmeer water is higher and flows into the sea? Makes sense, rivers without a lake flow into the sea too but I always got the impression the sea was higher than the lake.
@@DenUitvreter no the lake lays higher.. thats why around the entire lake you will see storm barriers and dikes as well because it still has a sea climate
If you want to know how the storm barriers work and how they reclaimed the land, this video explains all about the delta works and how they were created: ua-cam.com/video/I79CQUTO5II/v-deo.html
The Netherlands is still great, but... I fear that the greatness of the Netherlands might be fading away.
The government proposed measures that will basically bankrupt the farmers because cow fart methane and CO2 emissions.
The electrical grid is at the brink of collapse because the organizations that manage the grid cannot bring themselves to convince gemeenten (municipalities) to authorize the construction or expansion of new power lines.
The construction of new buildings was partially halted a few years ago because of the CO2 reduction measures, which exacerbated the problem of housing shortages that the country has been experiencing for decades now.
There is now some talks about the possibility of introducing a meat tax to force everyone to become vegan.
Inflation is among the highest in Europe, only surpassed by some eastern European countries that were very exposed to russia.
The Netherlands has the 3rd LOWEST percentage of renewable energy production 12% (oh yeah, they really have fallen behind), only Malta and Luxembourg manage to be worse.
Along with the Swedes and the Germans it has the highest taxes for people's incomes (forget about working extra hours or getting a second part-time job, you won't see much o that money, the belastingdienst will keep most of it). The heal-care is terrible, mostly because you cannot get inside a hospital unless you are already dying, they set up a system of deflectors that keep patients away from hospitals, like the family doctors (huisarts) who are completely useless in most cases because they are not specialized in anything and can't recognized the most basic health problems and paracetamol is their goto solution for literally everything. Also the healthcare is the second most expensive in Europe, only behind Switzerland.
Everyone loves to talk about the bicycle infrastructure, and it is true, it is great, but try to find a parking lot in the center of a city in the Netherlands... you will soon find that the majority of new buildings do not even have underground parking basements, so the cars get parked outside, on the streets, occupying space, the city centers are hellholes and there is a growing trend of suburbanization... just like in the US in the 1950's.
The Dutch themselves actually hate the city centers and when they have the money they pay half a million Euros for a house in a sprawling suburb with detached houses and a tiny garden in a street with no amenities and in many cases out of reach from a walking distance convenience shop...
I am not even going to talk about the huge income gap between poor and rich people in the Netherlands and the falling purchasing power...
The Netherlands is very different from the US, but still it is one of the countries in Europe that resemble the US the most, and as times go by, it resembles the US more and more.
Connor, you have to see the deltawerken, there is a video which will explain the hole of The Deltawerken
windmills grind corn. those in holland are called wind pumps that move water. the tall white things you saw where wind turbines that produce electric complely differnt thing
The windmills that move water are called polder mills in Dutch (polder is the land which is sectioned of by dykes and then drained). We also have industrial mills that grind grains, saw wood, make paper, press oil etc. and some of those are still in use.
According to Wikipedia, it took the Ijsselmeer about 2 years to become a fresh water lake! It is constantly fed by the river IJssel with fresh water. This river in turn is fed by the Rhine river. In the dam that seals the lake of from tje sea, there are locks to discharge excess water. The IJsselmeer is also an important source for drinking water nowadays.
Yes, you are right, there is a sand layer between 30 - 100 feet down almost all over the Netherlands. The town I live at is approx. 6 feet below sea level.
Me: sees the intro and music plays
My brain: rolling credits "alright guys thanks so much for watching"
The Danube river ends in the Black Sea; the Rhine river ends in the North Sea. Between the Rhine river and Danube River is a canal.
Ricks content was made for TV, not UA-cam, thus the quality and the good intro etc.
Traditional wooden clogs ARE comfortable, actually. Great for gardening and farm work.
To answer one of your questions about 'flooding'; climate change means huge inland storms as well. 2022 brought inland flooding which wiped out valley communities, and was followed by droughts which make rivers like the Rhine unnavigable, putting the economy under immense pressure.
10:38 Min
No, the rivers bring down sand, clay and mud that sink to the bottom of this inland sea.
And now after 20 years the salt is out of the ground and grass, cabbage, tulips or potatoes can be grown on this soil
Best regards
Frits
17:50 the building are still be there. the angle is a bit differeent and the trees are "new" and in the way.
More than 80 percent of all flower bulbs (not just tulips) come from The Netherlands. Biggest flowers exporter in the world.
The doors of the Maeslantkering are hollow. They float in a dock. When there's a storm surge the doors are floated to the middle of the Nieuwe Waterweg and pumped full of water to make them sink to the bottom of the canal. When the storm surge is over the water is pumped out nd the float back into their docks.
They didn't fill the reclaimed land with sand and you don't have to dig to find the bottom of the sea. What you're walking on IS the bottom of the sea! (I'm Dutch btw)
When the doors of the Measlantkering have found each other. They are filled with water so that they provide a waterproof seal on a concrete threshold
How the Netherlands Helps Other Countries With Their Water Problems
We are doing that all over the world, even in America
the IJselmeer is filled with the water from the river IJsel. they dindn't drain the entire water and waited till the area was filled with rainwater. since the entrance from the seawater was closed of the only water that came in was freshwater it mingled with the sslt water and through flushing out water it became fresh.
Might it be that the upward motion of the Archimedes screw prevents the water from flowing back? It would probably need a specific speed to keep the water going up, so they adjust that I think?
This is from a Scientific American article:
The Archimedes screw is a form of positive-displacement pump. A positive-displacement pump traps fluid from a source and then forces the fluid to move to a discharge location. The Archimedes screw is made up of a hollow cylinder and a spiral part (the spiral can be inside, but here you'll put it outside the cylinder). One end is placed in a low-lying fluid source and the other end is tilted up into a higher discharge area. To move water all you need to do is rotate the screw. As the screw moves it scoops up a small amount of water into the first pocket. On the next turn of the screw the first pocket of water moves to the second pocket, and a new scoop of water enters the first pocket. This motion continues, and eventually the first scoop of water comes out at the other end.
Yes, that church is really leaning like that. It's been like that since forever, but if you stand under it it is scary af
1 Yes it is leaning
2 That gate is probably the last thing you'll see in the city because its like in the midpoint of everything else. Also people got into a car accident there like almost 2 days ago, no one survived. pretty sure the bodies recovered of the two women separately were just dumped by a serial killer or something. I don't see how they got out of the car into the water even at that speed.
-Source I live here. Light festival tomorrow!!~
I myself sail from April to September. Every Tuesday evening with such a wooden Botter in a competition. In Spanenburg. #spakenburg
4:02 The leaning tower of the Old church in Delft already started to sag during the build (in the 1300’s I believe). If you look closely you see a little bend in the top half, because they continued building straight up on the already leaning lower part.
The Archimedes screw is far from perfect, but it works (good enough, back in the days). If you can hold e.g. 20 liters of water in one "section", and you loose 12 on the way up, you've transported 8 liters. Naturally, sealing would make a big difference.
Steven pronounced it as "gezoond", but it should be "gezond". "gezoond", in Dutch written as "gezoend", means "kissed". We don't do that with herring.
When you stop draining the water, the flooding won't come from rain, but mostly from ground water that is being pushed up by the sea. It's the principle of communicating barrels. Along the coast there are so called "kwelders". These are pieces of land that get flooded by this effect and need constant draining. Kwelders are the opposite of polders.
Aaaah leave him be, if he wants to kiss a raw herring he should be able to do his thing ;)
Before the dam in the north (Afsluitdijk Close of dyke literally) IJsselmeer was Zuiderzee (South sea) and salty. After they closed the sea they renamed it into the IJsselmeer (lake IJssel/Yssel). It took ONLY 5 years before the whole lake turned from salt to fresh (sweet) water. This is also a part of our drinking water source. We're not without that quickly, lol.
A big part of that is probably because the IJssel RIVER is feeding the IJsselLAKE with sweet water.
24:38 That's Jan Pieterszoon Coen. If you want to know the black pages of Dutch history, I recommend reading his Wikipedia page.
Love seeing you trying to grasp the ideo of a "polder". This is a body of water made into land. When the water is pumped out it is not filled in with anything. Just imagine a lake without water. That's it. The soil is often sand but it can also be clay or peat. To keep the water out a dijk (dike) is bult around the lake and on the outside of the dike there is a cirular canal (ringvaart). Now the only thing you have to do is keep pumping out enoug water so the lake does not flood again but leave enoug water to be able to use it as farm land. To be able to pump out the water you will find that the bottom of the former lake will have a mesh of little canals that collect the exces water. The only time when something is filled is when the reclamed land is actulally a former piece ot fhe sea. In that case no water is pumped but sea sand is built up untill it is higher than the water. In that case a dike may be built around it just to protect the new land from storm surges etc. Look for an example at the Palm Islands in the UAE built by Dutch engineers and dredging companies.
Lol yes our country is very small and EVERYONE on the world can find us. Is that amazing or not?
33:05 it's like wearing a ridget low-cut shoe, like a steel toe and sole shoe.
*Re: global share of flower export* according to Wikipedia it's over 50%.
*Note:* in Protestant churches there are no statues of saints, no golden crosses or other ornamention you would find in palaces and Catholic churches.
Formerly Catholic churches were whitewashed, the statues were taken down and destroyed and the gold ornaments were probably melted down or plundered to adorn some people's home.
Remember, The Netherlands is the delta of the main rivers flowing through Europe, especially the Rhine.
So along the way, starting in Switzerland as a stream, flowing through Germany and part of France, it accumulates a lot of soil, stones, etc, that is transported by the river till it meets the sea (The Netherlands).
All those materials are deposited in The Netherlands and that is why we build our house from concrete and brick. Sand and pebbles are literally everywhere. And if you drain away the water, the bottom will also be clay, or even peat, which was used up till early Industrial times to heat homes.
After a polder was established and all the water drained away, the government would seed it with simple plants like grass and weeds.
Of course, there were parts that were just sand and unsuitable for agriculture except the planting of trees or grass.
However, the agricultural output from the Flevopolders in the province Flevoland is so big that it places The Netherlands as the 2nd or 3rd largest exporter of food in the world.
That church on the market square in Delft has the royal crypt where the royal family is burried since William of Orange. The largest ports are in Asia these days, but Rotterdam used to be the biggest in the world. Rotterdam is so modern compared to other Dutch cities because the Germans bombed it in world war II and the entire city center was almost entirely destroyed with only a few buildings left ua-cam.com/video/yV0JA0JM194/v-deo.html
William of Orange wasn't royal family but basically the founder of the Dutch Republic.
30:20 they rotade/turn and move the barier at the end of the arms in the way.
35:34
on averige the netherlands sees 800 mm rain in a year. since we are 12000 mm under sea level. if all rain remained in the netherlands and we forget the 2 main rivers flowing into the netherlands. it would take 15 years for the land to be at sea level once more if we stoped milling out the water.
Im not an expert but in my lokal polder my dad is a farmer and has to deal with high and low ground water. the man that handeled the lokal water milling was ill during a storm and hadnt activated the milling. in 2 days 120mm of rain had fallen. it had caused the lokal farmland to be at places to be only an inch or 3 to be above the ground water. half of that field was a failed crop because the plants had rotted in the ground.
This storm however was a rare one of its kind. comming maybe twice in a decade where i live. Dutch weather can be very differing during the day and lokaly, one village gets rain and the next village over only saw sun while they are only a mile or half a mile apart.
I think a lot of flowers grown in say Africa are sent to the Netherlands to be sold and then move again to their final destination.
Yeah, there a a low of Dutch growers who moved their companies to Kenya because they can grow flowers there without greenhouses
If you want to know how the Maeslandkering works, then look this up on UA-cam: "Proefsluiting Maeslantkering 2021 | Rijkswaterstaat" Last time it was closed was on
3 januari 2018 because of a big storm and high tide.
the cool building in Rotterdam is called "the Rotterdam"
The sea bottom is not sand everywhere, a lot is just mud and clay
BTW, I stumbled on WranglerStar once, searching for a good knife sharpener, and he made a good video about a Dutch windmill, a saw mill, and also had himself informed about wooden shoes. One finger room at the heel and thick socks for comfort if I remember correctly.
ua-cam.com/video/Q6FxG3ll-lw/v-deo.html
ua-cam.com/video/Q6FxG3ll-lw/v-deo.html
Windmills and wooden shoes are such terrible clichés here in the Netherlands that it takes an American to point out they are actually very interesting.
In the US, cities like New Orleans etc could benefit from Dutch water management technology. Dutch engineers have in fact been out there looking at laughable American efforts like the so-called levies in Louisiana, and did make suggestions to improve things. They were ignored by American engineers feeling they really didn't need upstarts from a tiny place like The Netherlands to tell them how to do things! The big difference between the Dutch and Americans is that Americans want to do fix things tomorrow, while the Dutch always take the long view. There are massive projects underway in The Netherlands that basically have no end date. You could say that water management is a skill the Dutch have been honing for 800 years!
It's 50% of the world flowers, 80% of the world tullips
It is really 80% of the international cutted flower trade of the world. In value it’s between 10 en 20 million euro 5 day’s a week
It was already land it was connected to Britain via Doggerland until the floods and rising sea levels after the last ice age.
It took about 5 years for the Ijsselmeer to become a sweet water lake.
28:30
Because on other places on earth deserts will appear. No storm surch will prevent that.
Ik ben Nederlandse, i am dutch, if you have more questions say something
Here is a short animation about the Maaslandkering. The one you didn't understand the workings of ua-cam.com/video/LXAmfvCpfOw/v-deo.html (only in Dutch but you'll see what it does in 1:30 mins).
Rick, still ony visited 2 of the 12 provinces. And the North and south Holland are totally different from the rest of the Netherlands.
clogs aren't that comfortable when they are brand new. When you wear them a little while, the wood starts to form to your feet, making them very comfortable in how they fit.
They aren't the softest, obviously, but they were meant to be sort off like safety shoes. Having worn both a lot, I prefer wooden clogs in comfort. Though modern safety shoes are a lot safer.
3:17 the second one was handed to the camera person but he just took it and ate it.
Flood barrier 'Maeslantkering' and how it works:
ua-cam.com/video/wetmgwicbXs/v-deo.html
The Netherlands exports over 50% of all global flowers and 80% of tulips.
20:43 a train goes from my city to Amsterdam every 15 min.