Corrections: 4:19 I learned of some instances where Hindi can drop the pronoun, with removing them being very common within context. 5:00 With तुम क्या खाते हो it's only used in the general present form, rather than the function of both general present and progressive tenses in many other IE languages. 5:41 The infinitive ending is -dan; in many past stems you remove just -an, but as stated, many present and past stems are irregular as we see with the example verb. 6:43 ती is also for the feminine plural, and another form तीं is seen as a feminine plural in other contexts. 7:57 There's also a perfective form: हमने लोगों को पैसे दिए 10:57 A Persian loan हफ़्ता exists and is actually used more than Sanskrit सप्ताह; The word for Seven is also not "in the word," moreso derived from it, but both words are cognates.
One mistake; retroflex consonants are not just 'consonants where your tongue touches the roof of your mouth'. That includes basically every consonant that involves your tongue. In retroflex consonants, the tongue is curled slightly, and located a bit further back than where most English speakers pronounce their /t/ sounds. Otherwise, great video!
Yes I also found that explanation very simplistic, but maybe he's been so concise because he expects that someone who watches this kind of videos already knows by a long time what retroflex means.
Hey! A native Hindi speaker here, there are some (minor) mistakes in translation, like how the sentence "we will hunt for a week" is translated to "हम एक सप्ताह शिकार करेंगे।" When it should rather be "हम एक सप्ताह तक शिकार करेंगे।". In no way is the first sentence grammatically wrong but it carries the meaning of "we will hunt some week" as in the week in which well hunt is not specified and will come to reside in the future. Notice how in the English version we use "for" ? The same exists in Hindi being "तक".
An additional note id like to add is that the opinion I shared is in accordance with the standard academic version. In ever day-to-day speech you'll find that the Hindi spoken doesn't follow most of the grammatical laws. Well, you'll also come to find that mostly no one speaks standard Hindi. Everyone speaks their own dialects and their vocabulary represents this notion. Coming back to the topic, the sentence "हम एक सप्ताह शिकार करेंगे।" Does indeed mean what you've translated but only when the context has been established and even then, it's an informal way of speech. An additional note is that there also exists honorary speech that is to be spoken with guests and people in the upper hierarchy. I pointed this out because your video does not touch on this topic. Definitely not as polished as japanese or persion but it still does exist
The biggest similarity is perhaps the numbers Persian - Hindi 1. yek - ek 2. do - do 3. seh - tīn 4 chahār - chār 5. panj - pānch 6. shash - chheh (Sanskrit - shash / shat) 7. haft - sāt (Sanskrit - sapta) 8 hasht - āth (Sanskrit "ashta") 9. noh - nau 10. dah - das Hindi had borrowed words from Persian. Some of the loanwords happen to be very similar to native Hindi words for example, band (Persian) vs bandh (Hindi) both mean "closed" or "tied". sar (Persian) vs sir (Hindi) both mean "head".
Also in Hindi there's Rang from Sanskrit and rang from Persian ,door from Sanskrit and door from Persian. Then there's shaakha from Sanskrit and saakh from Persian
नेपाली is also compareble to Farsi; For example when counting things, Persian adds ta in the end of the number: This is also true in Bangla. But, Hindi/ Urdu lacks this feature.
Thnx for the video! I wanted to add that in Tajiki and Dari of persian they pronunce ق the way the arabs do so there's a difference between ق and غ.Also the pronunciation is more similar to the classical persian ,which from the hindi took words from so the words sounds more similar or indectical.For example ديل they pronounce as dil .In Tajiki variety it's written as дил,i mean they write both long and short vowels.
thanks to the man panini for giving perfect shape to samskrit and standardising it in a unique way. samskrit has created many indian languages and influenced many asian and europian languages' vocabulary.
Some of these similarities are thank to PIE and PII languages, but a large part of them is due to the influence of Persian bureaucrats brought to India by the Turkic empires on Hindustani. Also, Hindustani language was redeveloped by Turkic scholar Amir Khusrau who created Urdu language which has even more Persian loanwords.
AlsoModern standard Urdu as we know it today developed in Delhi in the 18th century,a century earlier than modern Hindi. It was called zuban maula e Urdu i.e language of the fortified city. As most speakers of these walled cities under Mughal empire were local muslims who looked up to persianate culture,the language acquired a lot and a lot of persian and by extension Arabic imprint.
Khusrow writing on the other hand not only appears more braj but while it had a lot of persian words , it was nowhere near as we have in urdu we know today,as much as found in the urdu of Ghalib for instance. He instead used some fairly sanskritised vocabulary too like prem ,nain, mad,sansaar. So I don't know what you mean by redeveloped hindustani. He is more like one of the pioneers or earliest writers of hindustani (that is if you consider braj as one of the varieties of) Hindustani
It would be great if you could also make a video on the similarities between Turkish and Mongolian. As a source, I can recommend the Etymological Dictionary of Altaic Languages and Martine Robbeet’s works.
@@tokmakchibashi That’s not enough to put them in same family all those Turk languages are under Turkic language family however Mongolian is not one of them it has its own language family If you put a Turkish person and a Mongolian person together and both speak their own language none of them will understand what both says
@@tokmakchibashi Yes because you can find many words that relate Russian and German to other European languages which makes them part of the same Indo-European language branch but you can not do the same with Turkic languages and Mongolian language which both belongs to two different languages branch which are not related to each other
Foot: Persian: pâ, Hindi: pér, Portuguese: pé What: Persian: ce , Hindi: kya, Portuguese: que You: Persian: to, Hindi: tu, Portuguese: tu This surprised me lol
@@jonasfernandes4144 Since you bring up Portuguese, did you know? Hindi has a good number of Portuguese loans. Paao means foot but it also means bread which is from Portuguese I believe. Other common words in Hindi of Portuguese origin are chabi,balti,girja-ghar,fita,faltu,mez,kamra
@SpiritualSeeker-oq5pt well Urdu Is more Similar to Persian than Hindi , You can literally Translate Persian Sentences Word by word if you know it's Urdu Equivalent
@SpiritualSeeker-oq5pt Ok, First of all I ain't No Pakistani and second It doesn't matter to me if Pakistani's Like to Call themselves Persian, Arab or whatever, I just love Persian and Urdu language That's all, I ain't tryna claim anything, Ok? You feel me , Man?💀
ആര്യൻ കുടിയേറ്റം എന്നൊരു സംഗതി ഇല്ല....ആര്യൻ മാർ അല്ല ഹിന്ദു മതം ഉണ്ടാക്കിയത്...അതിലും പഴക്കം ഉള്ളതാണ് ഹിന്ദു മതം...ശിവനെ ആരാധിക്കുന്ന ശൈവമതം എല്ലാം ഇന്ത്യയിൽ ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നു അതെല്ലാം എത്രയോ പഴക്കം ഉള്ളതാണ് അത് കൊണ്ട് ഇറാനിൽ നിന്നും വന്നവർ ഇന്ത്യയിൽ കുടിയേറി ഹിന്ദു മതം സ്ഥാപിച്ചു എന്ന പൊട്ടത്തരം പറയരുത് അത് തെറ്റാണ്...ദയവ് ചെയ്ത് തെറ്റിദ്ധാരണ പരത്തരുത്
Persian loan words are used even in the sanskritised registers used in textbooks or in politicians speech. It's just natural to use some persian words which have no other well known substitute.
the latter غ pronounce /ɣ~ʁ/ not /ɢ/ ق also pronunce both /q/ and /ɢ/ also the all six vowel can pronunce both long and short for example "سرود" pronunce /suɾuːd̪/ and "سبز" pronunce /sæːbz/ and all this is in tehrani dialect not in my own
@alyaly2355 I speak Bushehri, we have some consonants that Tehrani lack like /β/ (it's like English v but your lips touch each other like the letter b), classical Persian had /uː/, /oː/, /eː/ &/i/ in Tehrani back vowel merged to /uː/ and the front vowel merged to /iː/ in Bushehri all four merged to /iː/ we have /uː/ but it come from classical Persian /ɒː/ before nasal consonant (this shift happened in Tehrani too) ( in both /eː/ & /oː/ exist as allophone of /e/ & /o/) , classical Persian had /e/ /i/ /o/ /u/ in Tehrani back vowel merged to /o/ and front vowel to /e/ Bushehri have all four as phonemes (Tehrani only have /i/ &/u/ as allophone of /e/ &/o/) , our ⟨غ⟩ sound is more like /ɣ/ Thier sound more like /ʁ/( they sound french & feminine we don't) ,our ⟨ق⟩ is voiceless but Thier ⟨ق⟩ is voiced and in rapid speech we may pronunce it as /k/(because of these the difference between the ⟨ق⟩ &⟨غ⟩ is stronger in southern accents than central Iranian accents) there's several vowel shifts that didn't happened in Tehrani like: /ɒː/ →/ou̯/ /aβ/,/ɒːβ/→/ou̯/ /a/→/i/(happen usually after plosive consonants) /ɒːj/→/ei̯/ they devoice plosive consotant in certain places we don't, their ⟨ر⟩ may sound more like /ɹ/ instead of /ɾ/ & we weaken /t/&/d/ to elision in non starting position (we hate/t/ & /d/ they don't)
Corrections:
4:19 I learned of some instances where Hindi can drop the pronoun, with removing them being very common within context.
5:00 With तुम क्या खाते हो it's only used in the general present form, rather than the function of both general present and progressive tenses in many other IE languages.
5:41 The infinitive ending is -dan; in many past stems you remove just -an, but as stated, many present and past stems are irregular as we see with the example verb.
6:43 ती is also for the feminine plural, and another form तीं is seen as a feminine plural in other contexts.
7:57 There's also a perfective form: हमने लोगों को पैसे दिए
10:57 A Persian loan हफ़्ता exists and is actually used more than Sanskrit सप्ताह; The word for Seven is also not "in the word," moreso derived from it, but both words are cognates.
Can you do Farsi vs Urdu too to show the even closer relation between the two languages
It’s fascinating, ker means work in the ancient language, there’s a living word kerdaar that means of work. Great video, thank you
One mistake; retroflex consonants are not just 'consonants where your tongue touches the roof of your mouth'. That includes basically every consonant that involves your tongue. In retroflex consonants, the tongue is curled slightly, and located a bit further back than where most English speakers pronounce their /t/ sounds.
Otherwise, great video!
Yes I also found that explanation very simplistic, but maybe he's been so concise because he expects that someone who watches this kind of videos already knows by a long time what retroflex means.
@@vlachlemnmichail I guess he just didn't have time to put that explanation into a relatively short video.
Hey! A native Hindi speaker here, there are some (minor) mistakes in translation, like how the sentence "we will hunt for a week" is translated to "हम एक सप्ताह शिकार करेंगे।" When it should rather be "हम एक सप्ताह तक शिकार करेंगे।". In no way is the first sentence grammatically wrong but it carries the meaning of "we will hunt some week" as in the week in which well hunt is not specified and will come to reside in the future. Notice how in the English version we use "for" ? The same exists in Hindi being "तक".
An additional note id like to add is that the opinion I shared is in accordance with the standard academic version. In ever day-to-day speech you'll find that the Hindi spoken doesn't follow most of the grammatical laws. Well, you'll also come to find that mostly no one speaks standard Hindi. Everyone speaks their own dialects and their vocabulary represents this notion. Coming back to the topic, the sentence "हम एक सप्ताह शिकार करेंगे।" Does indeed mean what you've translated but only when the context has been established and even then, it's an informal way of speech. An additional note is that there also exists honorary speech that is to be spoken with guests and people in the upper hierarchy. I pointed this out because your video does not touch on this topic. Definitely not as polished as japanese or persion but it still does exist
The biggest similarity is perhaps the numbers
Persian - Hindi
1. yek - ek
2. do - do
3. seh - tīn
4 chahār - chār
5. panj - pānch
6. shash - chheh (Sanskrit - shash / shat)
7. haft - sāt (Sanskrit - sapta)
8 hasht - āth (Sanskrit "ashta")
9. noh - nau
10. dah - das
Hindi had borrowed words from Persian. Some of the loanwords happen to be very similar to native Hindi words for example,
band (Persian) vs bandh (Hindi) both mean "closed" or "tied".
sar (Persian) vs sir (Hindi) both mean "head".
Also in Hindi there's Rang from Sanskrit and rang from Persian ,door from Sanskrit and door from Persian.
Then there's shaakha from Sanskrit and saakh from Persian
Bandage, PIE word detected
नेपाली is also compareble to Farsi; For example when counting things, Persian adds ta in the end of the number: This is also true in Bangla. But, Hindi/ Urdu lacks this feature.
Given the three major historical periods that encouraged substantial contact between these languages, substantial commonalities should be expected.
Thnx for the video!
I wanted to add that in Tajiki and Dari of persian they pronunce ق the way the arabs do so there's a difference between ق and غ.Also the pronunciation is more similar to the classical persian ,which from the hindi took words from so the words sounds more similar or indectical.For example ديل they pronounce as dil .In Tajiki variety it's written as дил,i mean they write both long and short vowels.
Greatest job ❤
thanks to the man panini for giving perfect shape to samskrit and standardising it in a unique way. samskrit has created many indian languages and influenced many asian and europian languages' vocabulary.
in spoken hindi we drop pronouns alot
Yepp
Some of these similarities are thank to PIE and PII languages, but a large part of them is due to the influence of Persian bureaucrats brought to India by the Turkic empires on Hindustani. Also, Hindustani language was redeveloped by Turkic scholar Amir Khusrau who created Urdu language which has even more Persian loanwords.
Most similarities discussed in the video are pie, only one segment was dedicated to loan words.
AlsoModern standard Urdu as we know it today developed in Delhi in the 18th century,a century earlier than modern Hindi. It was called zuban maula e Urdu i.e language of the fortified city. As most speakers of these walled cities under Mughal empire were local muslims who looked up to persianate culture,the language acquired a lot and a lot of persian and by extension Arabic imprint.
Khusrow writing on the other hand not only appears more braj but while it had a lot of persian words , it was nowhere near as we have in urdu we know today,as much as found in the urdu of Ghalib for instance. He instead used some fairly sanskritised vocabulary too like prem ,nain, mad,sansaar. So I don't know what you mean by redeveloped hindustani. He is more like one of the pioneers or earliest writers of hindustani (that is if you consider braj as one of the varieties of) Hindustani
@@vatsalj7535most are pii though
cool video!
past stems are never irregular in Persian. the past stem is always derivable from the infinitive.
Good video 👏
good video
omg is that *the* LangJester in the comments?! I am so honored
It would be great if you could also make a video on the similarities between Turkish and Mongolian. As a source, I can recommend the Etymological Dictionary of Altaic Languages and Martine Robbeet’s works.
They are not similar and far away from each other it’s two different language families
@@teknul89 There are over 1000 cognates
@@tokmakchibashi That’s not enough to put them in same family all those Turk languages are under Turkic language family however Mongolian is not one of them it has its own language family
If you put a Turkish person and a Mongolian person together and both speak their own language none of them will understand what both says
@@teknul89 Yes but Russian and German are also entirely mutually unintelligle but still related.
@@tokmakchibashi Yes because you can find many words that relate Russian and German to other European languages which makes them part of the same Indo-European language branch but you can not do the same with Turkic languages and Mongolian language which both belongs to two different languages branch which are not related to each other
khari boli later became urdu and hindi, and there were many name of it and hindi belt languages, but still hindi urdu hindustani etc are khari boli
Foot: Persian: pâ, Hindi: pér, Portuguese: pé
What: Persian: ce , Hindi: kya, Portuguese: que
You: Persian: to, Hindi: tu, Portuguese: tu
This surprised me lol
Foot is paao in Hindi not per. Per means legs
@@vatsalj7535Legs in portuguese is perna, a bit similar too
@@jonasfernandes4144 Since you bring up Portuguese, did you know? Hindi has a good number of Portuguese loans. Paao means foot but it also means bread which is from Portuguese I believe. Other common words in Hindi of Portuguese origin are chabi,balti,girja-ghar,fita,faltu,mez,kamra
@@vatsalj7535 Interesting, I had no idea
so amazing.love from Iran 💗
Very cool
خیلی کول دوستم-Zaman
You can also add ezafeh and pronoun for possession
Example: my brother barâdar e man
Hindi and Farsi sound quite similar to me spoken.
Can you make a video about The Similarities and differences between Persian And Urdu, Please
@SpiritualSeeker-oq5pt well Urdu Is more Similar to Persian than Hindi , You can literally Translate Persian Sentences Word by word if you know it's Urdu Equivalent
He literally said nothing about Pakistanis being persian@SpiritualSeeker-oq5pt
@SpiritualSeeker-oq5pt What's your Problem, bro?💀 no I don't think like that, WTF
@SpiritualSeeker-oq5pt Ok, First of all I ain't No Pakistani and second It doesn't matter to me if Pakistani's Like to Call themselves Persian, Arab or whatever, I just love Persian and Urdu language That's all, I ain't tryna claim anything, Ok? You feel me , Man?💀
@SpiritualSeeker-oq5pt Yeah I'm Bengali from Bangladesh
finally hindi is a branch of indo-iranian
Aryans from Hindu kush, Persia who migrated to Indian subcontinent who founded Hinduism and Hindi in Indian subcontinent.
No no wrong ...Aryan not founding hinduism hinduism much older ...Shiva concept and shivisim is very old version of hinduism ...curept your knowledge
ആര്യൻ കുടിയേറ്റം എന്നൊരു സംഗതി ഇല്ല....ആര്യൻ മാർ അല്ല ഹിന്ദു മതം ഉണ്ടാക്കിയത്...അതിലും പഴക്കം ഉള്ളതാണ് ഹിന്ദു മതം...ശിവനെ ആരാധിക്കുന്ന ശൈവമതം എല്ലാം ഇന്ത്യയിൽ ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നു അതെല്ലാം എത്രയോ പഴക്കം ഉള്ളതാണ് അത് കൊണ്ട് ഇറാനിൽ നിന്നും വന്നവർ ഇന്ത്യയിൽ കുടിയേറി ഹിന്ദു മതം സ്ഥാപിച്ചു എന്ന പൊട്ടത്തരം പറയരുത് അത് തെറ്റാണ്...ദയവ് ചെയ്ത് തെറ്റിദ്ധാരണ പരത്തരുത്
im persian ❤ persian like to find each other 😊
ق غ are not like arabic you messed it up in that part it’s like the r in german
Persian loan words are used exclusively in Urdu or Hindustani not in Sanskritised Hindi
Dil is Urdu while Hridey is Hindi
Persian loan words are used even in the sanskritised registers used in textbooks or in politicians speech. It's just natural to use some persian words which have no other well known substitute.
These are not hindi words , most of cone frim Persian.
the latter غ pronounce /ɣ~ʁ/ not /ɢ/ ق also pronunce both /q/ and /ɢ/ also the all six vowel can pronunce both long and short for example "سرود" pronunce /suɾuːd̪/ and "سبز" pronunce /sæːbz/ and all this is in tehrani dialect not in my own
Which dialect do you speak btw? And how is it different from Tehrani
@alyaly2355 I speak Bushehri, we have some consonants that Tehrani lack like /β/ (it's like English v but your lips touch each other like the letter b), classical Persian had /uː/, /oː/, /eː/ &/i/ in Tehrani back vowel merged to /uː/ and the front vowel merged to /iː/ in Bushehri all four merged to /iː/ we have /uː/ but it come from classical Persian /ɒː/ before nasal consonant (this shift happened in Tehrani too) ( in both /eː/ & /oː/ exist as allophone of /e/ & /o/) , classical Persian had /e/ /i/ /o/ /u/ in Tehrani back vowel merged to /o/ and front vowel to /e/ Bushehri have all four as phonemes (Tehrani only have /i/ &/u/ as allophone of /e/ &/o/) , our ⟨غ⟩ sound is more like /ɣ/ Thier sound more like /ʁ/( they sound french & feminine we don't) ,our ⟨ق⟩ is voiceless but Thier ⟨ق⟩ is voiced and in rapid speech we may pronunce it as /k/(because of these the difference between the ⟨ق⟩ &⟨غ⟩ is stronger in southern accents than central Iranian accents) there's several vowel shifts that didn't happened in Tehrani like:
/ɒː/ →/ou̯/
/aβ/,/ɒːβ/→/ou̯/
/a/→/i/(happen usually after plosive consonants)
/ɒːj/→/ei̯/
they devoice plosive consotant in certain places we don't, their ⟨ر⟩ may sound more like /ɹ/ instead of /ɾ/ & we weaken /t/&/d/ to elision in non starting position (we hate/t/ & /d/ they don't)
@@alithefrog This is amazing, thank you so much for sharing this information on your dialect!
India was a colony of the Persians.
Hindi + Persian = Urdu
in terms of vocabulary:
90% hindi + 10% arabic/farsi = indian hindi
70% hindi + 30% arabic farsi = pakistani urdu
Wrting fancy and writing Hindi are too different .
Hindi is nice
Tara Nemek Tara Star Nemek salt
Now do zuni and japanese
transliterating hindi ə~ɐ as ë is a crime against humanity
Albanian does it, Armenian when romanized also does it, what's so bad about it
@@GustawStudios23 it's not used in indian languages, both ISO 15919 and informal transliteration use a
@@bobwagon2601 just because those don't do that doesn't mean everyone else should you little ####
Are persians indic people?
No
@@dertyp7916 that's not similarities it seems persian is a dialect of indian
@@Kamekasee lmao I’m not persian but I can speak it and there are nearly not similarities 🤣
They are indo-iranian they split in two 3700 years ago
@@dertyp7916as a sanskrit knowing person I can understand modern persian more than 50 percent
Langfocus wannabe.