My First Quintic Equation

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  • Опубліковано 19 чер 2024
  • Head to brilliant.org/blackpenredpen/ and start exploring more Interesting math. That link also gives you a 20% discount on their annual premium subscription.
    Learn how to solve my first quintic equation x^5+4x+1=0. Although not all quintic equations are solvable, this is one of them that has a nice solution. The key is to factor x^5+4x+1 into a product of a quadratic and a cubic. We will also use the cubic formula • so you want to see the... And if you're feeling up for a challenge, try this extreme quintic equation: • EXTREME quintic equati...
    This is my equation for the year 2020.
    #algebra #equation #blackpenredpen #mathforfun
    0:00 solving the quintic equation x^5+x^4+1=0
    Cubic formula debut: 6:15
    Read more about it: brilliant.org/wiki/cubic-equa...
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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КОМЕНТАРІ • 1,2 тис.

  • @blackpenredpen
    @blackpenredpen  8 місяців тому +12

    Try this extreme quintic equation: ua-cam.com/video/GoGsVLnf8Rk/v-deo.html

    • @vezulykamarari
      @vezulykamarari 5 місяців тому +2

      I used to watch you a bunch in high school (2020-2022) when I was in pre calc (junior) and ap calc (senior). Although I could barely keep up with a lot of your videos because I hadn’t learned as much as I needed to understand it all, it was still super interesting and got me wanting to understand. I passed all of my classes with B-A’s, but quickly withdrew from math as a whole when I went into college mainly due to the difficultly with more new material and college taking more of my brain. I am studying psych and will get my bachelors in the winter of ‘24. However I have forgot most of calc as I didn’t need to take any more math classes either.
      However, I got Covid (again) and am near bed ridden till it goes away. And it sucks not being able to do anything productive. However, watching your videos makes me feel like I am doing something because I am trying to learn/re learn a lot of complex math. I mainly just wanted to say thankyou for making these videos. Even if I am in and out and not able (at the moment) to give your videos 100% effort for learning with trying the problems, they are still useful and interesting. I also appreciate you coming back to old videos with updates and more stuff for us to sink our teeth in. As well having these videos helped me a bit in my calc classes. Thankyou for making me feel a little bit smarter with each video and showing me the solutions and process to these seemingly impossible questions. Take care and continue being an absolute genius and wonderful person! ❤️ Happy holidays and a new years!

  • @ernestdecsi5913
    @ernestdecsi5913 4 роки тому +1534

    I am 65 years old. When I was young, I loved math. Thank you, I just rediscovered. :-) a Slovak pensioner.

    • @Johnnius
      @Johnnius 4 роки тому +10

      Odkiaľ?

    • @seeseefok7659
      @seeseefok7659 4 роки тому +27

      same but I loved maths when I was about 3-9 years old until my mom wanted me to "be better". Now I am form 1 and I rediscovered my interest towards maths because I standed out for myself.

    • @seeseefok7659
      @seeseefok7659 4 роки тому +2

      comment edited due to grammar issues

    • @MrAbdoulray
      @MrAbdoulray 4 роки тому +7

      I am sexy five and still love math, Ans still think world revolve around math ...

    • @erniejudge9311
      @erniejudge9311 4 роки тому +15

      Hey Ernest, I'm Ernest too, and I have always loved maths, but I've started to get seriously back into it over the last 10 years. I can't wait to retire (

  • @RC-sk5rg
    @RC-sk5rg 3 роки тому +482

    Is no one going to talk about those marker skills?? Man is blowing my mind with those swaps

    • @craiglacey3047
      @craiglacey3047 3 роки тому +4

      Absolutely filthy marker control 😂😂😂

    • @nahrafe
      @nahrafe 3 роки тому +9

      That's what the channel name says. "Blackpenredpen"

    • @rozmanab
      @rozmanab 3 роки тому +1

      He's going to be a legend!

    • @lk554
      @lk554 3 роки тому +3

      I can't understand anything. I'm just watching how he changes marker.

    • @rozmanab
      @rozmanab 3 роки тому

      @Chicken Leg No, it doesn't. He ain't a Japanese. You can find his biography and other credentials on the net.
      Check this one out: api-everipedia-org.cdn.ampproject.org/wp/s/api.everipedia.org/v2/wiki/amp/lang_en/blackpenredpen?usqp=mq331AQSKAFQApgBy46dyers4qcVsAEg

  • @vozamaraktv-art5595
    @vozamaraktv-art5595 3 роки тому +422

    He's really good at maths, but I'm equally impressed with his writing too.

    • @blackpenredpen
      @blackpenredpen  3 роки тому +64

      Thanks.

    • @_AadiDevSharma
      @_AadiDevSharma 2 роки тому +22

      Yaa writing with 2 pens simultaneously is really a great skill..

    • @XBGamerX20
      @XBGamerX20 2 роки тому +6

      most real math teachers usually have a good and decent handwriting.

    • @antoniusnies-komponistpian2172
      @antoniusnies-komponistpian2172 Рік тому +13

      ​@@XBGamerX20And what about the complex math teachers?

    • @Bozitico
      @Bozitico 6 місяців тому +2

      @@antoniusnies-komponistpian2172 & what about the rational math teachers?

  • @frannas1477
    @frannas1477 4 роки тому +2357

    Anybody else appreciate the fact that this man held a pokeball for the duration of this video

    • @dillonroller
      @dillonroller 4 роки тому +156

      It's a mic :)

    • @oximas
      @oximas 4 роки тому +59

      @@dillonroller a very cool mic.\

    • @angrytedtalks
      @angrytedtalks 4 роки тому +20

      It's the only reason I watched to the end.

    • @4subvoid4
      @4subvoid4 4 роки тому +4

      Great! Thank's!

    • @darkphantom314
      @darkphantom314 4 роки тому +4

      Yes it’s so nice

  • @fredericchopin6445
    @fredericchopin6445 3 роки тому +844

    give this man a bigger white board lmao

    • @yomismo6219
      @yomismo6219 3 роки тому +2

      No hace falta... necesita mejor camarografo🥴

    • @paolo6219
      @paolo6219 3 роки тому +10

      Chopin I'm your biggest fan

    • @anasohdavid9375
      @anasohdavid9375 3 роки тому +1

      🤣🤣🤣🤣

    • @_AadiDevSharma
      @_AadiDevSharma 2 роки тому +2

      🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣after that he will solve long long eqn in a single step..

    • @lyrimetacurl0
      @lyrimetacurl0 2 роки тому +2

      And different shades of red pen

  • @angelmendez-rivera351
    @angelmendez-rivera351 4 роки тому +284

    For those who want to know how to solve x^3 - x + 1 = 0, here is the method.
    First, note that (u + v)^3 = u^3 + 3vu^2 + 3uv^2 + v^3 = u^3 + v^3 + 3vu^2 + 3uv^2 = (u^3 + v^3) + 3uv(u + v). Therefore, let x = u + v. Hence x^3 = 3uvx + u^3 + v^3 = x - 1 implies 3uv = 1 and u^3 + v^3 = -1. 3uv = 1 implies v = 1/(3u), which implies u^3 + 1/(27u^3) = -1, which implies 27u^6 + 1 = -27u^3, which implies 27u^6 + 27u^3 + 1 = 0.
    Therefore, u^3 = [-27 + sqrt(621)]/54, or u^3 = [-27 - sqrt(621)]/54. From this, it can be shown rather trivially that v^3 is the conjugate of u^3. Therefore, without a loss of generality, u^3 = [-27 + sqrt(621)]/54 and v^3 = [-27 - sqrt(621)]/54, because addition is commutative.
    Therefore, u = -cbrt([sqrt(621) - 27]/54), and v = -cbrt([sqrt(621) + 27]/54), and as such, x = -[cbrt([sqrt(621) - 27]/54) + cbrt([sqrt(621) + 27]/54)] = -[cbrt([3·sqrt(69) - 27]/54) + cbrt([3·sqrt(69) + 27]/54)] = -[cbrt([sqrt(69) + 9]/18) + cbrt([sqrt(69) + 9]/18)]. This is the exact real answer, and you can show using some simple algebra that the result shown in the video actually simplifies to this.
    You don't need to actually know the cubic formula before hand. You only ever need to solve a system of equations to solve a cubic equation. In general, if you have a polynomial equation of the form y^3 = py + q, then by using the same method above, you can show that y = u + v, where 3uv = p, and u^3 + v^3 = q. Solving this system is always very easy as it reduces to solving a quadratic equation and taking the cube root of the solutions to that quadratic equation.
    Also, you can always convert a general polynomial equation x^3 + ax^2 + bx + c = 0 into the form above by letting x = y + a/3 and simplifying. Cubic equations are easier than they look.
    Quartic equations, on the other hand, are a genuine pain in the ass. Although they are always solvable, the method is significantly more tedious and annoying.
    EDIT: I made a dumb arithmetical mistake with my calculations, so I fixed it.
    EDIT 2: Split stuff into paragraphs, and fixed another dumb arithmetic mistake. See, this is why you don't do math after having pulled an all-nighter. *sigh*

    • @blackpenredpen
      @blackpenredpen  4 роки тому +69

      So amazing!!

    • @angelmendez-rivera351
      @angelmendez-rivera351 4 роки тому +14

      blackpenredpen Thank you!

    • @heatedpants8437
      @heatedpants8437 4 роки тому +8

      @@blackpenredpen I never came across such formula so thnks

    • @jofx4051
      @jofx4051 4 роки тому +38

      That effort to write this should be appreciated

    • @twistedsector
      @twistedsector 4 роки тому +6

      Nice! If you want to convert a general cubic to the depressed form, I think you have to do the b/3a trick

  • @tiotito31
    @tiotito31 3 роки тому +47

    "There is no known formula for this. Anyways, please pause the video and try to solve."
    You give me too much credit, sir

    • @RexxSchneider
      @RexxSchneider 3 роки тому +4

      Considering we ended up with an irrational value, a numeric solution would be as good. Any quintic with real coefficients has at least one real solution, so Newton-Raphson will give you a numeric solution. A quick inspection shows the expression changes sign between -1 and -2, so -1.5 would be a good starting point. I got -1.324717959 in four iterations. A numeric solution is not as "pure" as a formulaic solution, but the solution's the same and N-R is a _well-known_ _formula_ for solving these sort of problems.

  • @pkmath12345
    @pkmath12345 4 роки тому +379

    Wow those expressions you added in red really makes a huge difference in factorization and it works so nicely. I like 6:35 the most. Def worth trying them out with hands for sure!

    • @ciel2428
      @ciel2428 4 роки тому +8

      So true. That's what I felt

    • @blackpenredpen
      @blackpenredpen  4 роки тому +15

      MathFlix
      Thanks!!

    • @MarkusDarkess
      @MarkusDarkess 4 роки тому

      0.1123671011141920252829323742. True fibonacci sequence.

    • @angelmendez-rivera351
      @angelmendez-rivera351 4 роки тому +1

      MarkusDarkess Not true Fibonacci sequence. More like Tribonacci sequence, but that wouldn't be correct either.

    • @arnavpandey3823
      @arnavpandey3823 4 роки тому +1

      @@blackpenredpen take a look at jee exam india

  • @bass407fla
    @bass407fla 3 роки тому +28

    A quicker way to factor this problem is to use the zero property method at the beginning by adding and subtracting x^3 and then grouping (x^5+x^4+x^3) and (1-x^3).

    • @11oreos
      @11oreos 5 місяців тому

      But how?

  • @KRYPTOS_K5
    @KRYPTOS_K5 4 роки тому +22

    Excelente lesson. That professor is perfect: he is smart and talented to teach, he sings, he plays multi color golf. What more? Very good!!! Greetings from Brasil. Thank you for your channel.

  • @einsteingonzalez4336
    @einsteingonzalez4336 4 роки тому +74

    OMG! You actually did it twice!
    Soon, the whole world will know about that formula and the people behind them
    and the reason to teach the formula and the history instead of hiding it.
    Thank you so much!

    • @blackpenredpen
      @blackpenredpen  4 роки тому +8

      U mean on my Chinese channel too?

    • @einsteingonzalez4336
      @einsteingonzalez4336 4 роки тому +3

      @@blackpenredpen Yep, that too. : )

    • @einsteingonzalez4336
      @einsteingonzalez4336 4 роки тому +4

      @@blackpenredpen Wait, remember the video when you proved that sin(10°) is irrational?
      ua-cam.com/video/cN0vDlWjFiY/v-deo.html

    • @blackpenredpen
      @blackpenredpen  4 роки тому +3

      Uea

    • @einsteingonzalez4336
      @einsteingonzalez4336 4 роки тому +6

      @@blackpenredpen Yep. Use Cardano's formula to find sin(10°).
      After all, it's the solution to 3x - 4x^3 = 1/2.

  • @gloystar
    @gloystar 4 роки тому +11

    I approximated the solution right away using Newton's method to be -1.32472 (in only 4 iterations), but of course I liked your way of solving it using factoring and then cubic formula. Interesting video!

  • @bowser498
    @bowser498 4 роки тому +461

    Me: By intermediate value theorem, the root must lie between -2 and -1. QED

    • @Hiltok
      @Hiltok 4 роки тому +76

      Come on. A good engineer would at least limit that range to (-1.5,-1.25) :)

    • @GRBtutorials
      @GRBtutorials 4 роки тому +144

      Me: by definition, the real root must be a real number. QED.

    • @shenmipower
      @shenmipower 4 роки тому +38

      How about solving this numerically? NEWTON'S METHOD... lol

    • @_carrbgamingjr
      @_carrbgamingjr 4 роки тому +21

      Lol by Extreme Value Theorem, there is at least 1 relative min and relative max :)

    • @aaademed
      @aaademed 4 роки тому +7

      The first think I managed to do is to estimate the root and to prove that there is only one real root

  • @chuckmo14
    @chuckmo14 3 роки тому +22

    Can we just take a moment to appreciate how beautiful his squared/cubed roots are

  • @priyanshupal1920
    @priyanshupal1920 3 роки тому +7

    Did anyone noticed his speed of changing the marker so fast and perfect..👀....Amazing man 🔥🔥😊

  • @DavesMathVideos
    @DavesMathVideos 4 роки тому +232

    Tartaglia... That's a name I haven't heard in a long long time

    • @blackpenredpen
      @blackpenredpen  4 роки тому +59

      Seriously, his name deserves to be mentioned more.

    • @guitarbonanzabychiragkar4249
      @guitarbonanzabychiragkar4249 4 роки тому +13

      Gives me Godfather feels :)

    • @DavesMathVideos
      @DavesMathVideos 4 роки тому +6

      @@guitarbonanzabychiragkar4249 I've now got half a mind to do a video about Cardano's formula in a very bad godfather voice

    • @rogerkearns8094
      @rogerkearns8094 4 роки тому +3

      @@guitarbonanzabychiragkar4249
      Yes, me too. (That was Tattaglia though, of course.)

    • @erikkonstas
      @erikkonstas 4 роки тому +1

      I wonder if anybody else knows what it means...

  • @nationalstudyacademykim5030
    @nationalstudyacademykim5030 4 роки тому +22

    He is like the Bob Ross of Math! How do you make math so much fun?

  • @aziztey5370
    @aziztey5370 3 роки тому +1

    It's very accurately states all the points and their margins. Great !

  • @maxmccann5323
    @maxmccann5323 3 роки тому +23

    "yeah I did quadratic equations in high school"
    they said
    "it looks pretty similar"
    they said
    "it can't be too difficult"
    they said
    They said...

  • @BlackTigerClaws
    @BlackTigerClaws 4 роки тому +4

    What a cool quarantine quintic!

  • @vcvartak7111
    @vcvartak7111 3 роки тому +11

    It seems solution lie between -1 and -2 since x=-1 gives the value of equation is +1 and when x = -2 value is -15 then I can use bisection method -1.5 etc till I get close to zero

  • @shrayanpramanik8985
    @shrayanpramanik8985 2 роки тому

    Truly mesmerized by the technique.

  • @usmhot
    @usmhot 3 роки тому

    Absolutely excellent, as always.

  • @adamsitabkhan5479
    @adamsitabkhan5479 4 роки тому +94

    That moment when you have to leave in 5 minutes but BPRP just released a new 10 minute video

  • @gerardogabrielnavagomez3669
    @gerardogabrielnavagomez3669 3 роки тому +7

    Well, I actually applied Newton's formula on the integral of the expression just to figure out where the minimum is located (the actual problem). After analyzing the derivative of the problem, (second derivative in Newton's method), I picked -1 as initial value. After 7 iterations of next = xi - f'(xi)/f''(xi) arrived to x approx. -1.325.

    • @VC-kj9yx
      @VC-kj9yx 3 роки тому

      Wow. Are you Spanish?. No wonder Spanish people are so smart with good jobs. Great

  • @anuragmahajan5919
    @anuragmahajan5919 2 роки тому

    That was a brilliant solution, awesome videos!!!

  • @meureforcodematematicacomp6983
    @meureforcodematematicacomp6983 3 роки тому +1

    Wow what a magnificent question. I am a teacher from the interior of Brazil and I am surprised by this question

  • @Peter_1986
    @Peter_1986 4 роки тому +20

    You know that you are a math enthusiast when you casually present a quintic equation.

  • @ffggddss
    @ffggddss 4 роки тому +72

    My pre-view attack:
    x⁵ + x⁴ + 1 would be -cyclotomic- monic, with all coefficients = 1, if three more terms (x³ + x² + x) were added. So let's do this:
    *[Note: Correction - "cyclotomic" has a more specialized meaning, which coincides with the one I intended, only when the degree is p-1 for some prime, p.]*
    x⁵ + x⁴ + 1 = x⁵ + x⁴ + x³ + x² + x + 1 - x(x² + x + 1) . . . multiply by (x-1), which will introduce the extraneous root, x=1; we will remove this later.
    (x-1)(x⁵ + x⁴ + 1) = x⁶-1 - x(x³ - 1) = (x³-1)(x³ - x + 1) = (x-1)(x² + x + 1)(x³ - x + 1)
    So:
    x⁵ + x⁴ + 1 = (x² + x + 1)(x³ - x + 1)
    The zeros of the first (quadratic) factor are the 2 complex cube-roots of 1. So the desired real zero of the quintic is the real zero of the cubic factor.
    And the general cubic equation has a solution formula - see Angel Mendez-Rivera's comment; also check out the video by Mathologer where he shows how to develop the solution, while complaining that the cubic formula should be taught in algebra classes, alongside the quadratic solution formula.
    Of course, if you don't care to find the closed-form answer, you can always use Newton's Method, or some other iterative method to compute it to any desired precision.
    Fred

    • @Eismann1
      @Eismann1 4 роки тому +2

      Enclosing the missing root is beautiful, like inserting the final stone into a mosaic. Thanks for sharing!

    • @bernardopicao267
      @bernardopicao267 4 роки тому +4

      Great ideia! Would just like to point out that the polynomial Σx^i (i going up to n) is only cyclotomic iff n+1 is prime therefore that polynomial isn’t cyclotomic.

    • @davisjohn1517
      @davisjohn1517 4 роки тому +1

      Sir I am sorry to inform you that your “pre-view attack” is wrong. Nice try, however.

    • @Dr.Pepper001
      @Dr.Pepper001 3 роки тому

      Show off.

    • @ffggddss
      @ffggddss 3 роки тому +3

      @@bernardopicao267 Yes. I used the wrong term for the right polynomial; will correct that.
      BTW, what is the right name for the general polynomial, of degree (integer) n ≥ 0, that is simply p(x;n) = (xⁿ⁺¹ - 1)/(x - 1) = ∑₀ⁿ xᵏ ?
      @Davis John: I challenge you to point out an error, other than the already-identified error of terminology brought up by Bernardo.
      In particular, my conclusion that the real zero of x⁵ + x⁴ + 1 is the (unique) real zero of x³ - x + 1.
      I believe it is you who are in error.
      Fred

  • @peterchan6082
    @peterchan6082 2 роки тому

    Love it hat you've mentioned the Cardano formula at least for the reduced cubic👍

  • @aurelienperdriaud108
    @aurelienperdriaud108 4 роки тому

    Really clever! I was impressed

  • @khnahid5807
    @khnahid5807 4 роки тому +5

    like the fact he always looks happy

  • @erikvormala5900
    @erikvormala5900 3 роки тому +3

    i love it when u use different colours to write the different parts, it really makes it much more clear!

  • @xChucKChax
    @xChucKChax 4 роки тому +2

    Thanks for making math interesting again (for me)

  • @nohaylamujer
    @nohaylamujer 3 роки тому

    So satisfying!

  • @yourfriend5144
    @yourfriend5144 3 роки тому +5

    -1 is pretty close by guessing. Then do 5 Newton iterations and wala. But your method is pretty good as well.

  • @eliseuantonio6652
    @eliseuantonio6652 4 роки тому +17

    I used a trick my teacher explained: If the exponents of a polynomial are each congruent to a different number mod 3, then it is divisible by x^2+x+1. Example: x^5+x+x^0 or x^8+x^7+x^3. It works for other number too. x^16 + x^11+x^6+x is divisible by x^3+x^2+x+1. This way I could factor the equation in a cubic and a quadratic equation. Unfortunately couldn't solve the cubic part, but at least I could find two solutions

    • @yuri_0216
      @yuri_0216 4 роки тому +1

      Nome de Brasileiro kkk

    • @ottoaberg5942
      @ottoaberg5942 4 роки тому +1

      What does "congruent to a different number mod 3" mean? My english is lacking

    • @ronaldjensen2948
      @ronaldjensen2948 4 роки тому

      @@ottoaberg5942 mod is short for modulus, the integer remainder of integer division. So 5 mod 3 = 2, 4 mod 3 = 1, and 0 mod 3 = 0. Since the answers differ the OP claims it is divisible by x^2+x+1.

    • @ottoaberg5942
      @ottoaberg5942 4 роки тому

      ​@@ronaldjensen2948 i see. so a polynomial that includes the exponents 11 and 5 would not follow this rule since the remainder is 2 for both of them?

    • @ronaldjensen2948
      @ronaldjensen2948 4 роки тому

      @@ottoaberg5942 That is the assertion made by OP, and a quick check with Mathematica shows it seems to work. But I've not seen the proof for this rule myself...

  • @nasserdawood2171
    @nasserdawood2171 2 роки тому +1

    Your solution is very nice man

  • @firestoneproduction5105
    @firestoneproduction5105 3 роки тому

    Very cool! Thanks!

  • @joshuahillerup4290
    @joshuahillerup4290 4 роки тому +10

    I was like, well, we know -2 < x < -1, and then I gave up and watched the video

    • @Nithesh2002
      @Nithesh2002 4 роки тому

      Same lol

    • @victorshilin9360
      @victorshilin9360 4 роки тому

      I found the approx. solution by the binary search.
      Kinda looks like a cheating, but works too.
      >>> y=lambda x: x**5+x**4+1
      >>> y(-2)
      -15
      >>> y(-1.9)
      -10.728889999999994
      >>> y(-1.7)
      -4.84647
      >>> y(-1.3)
      0.14317000000000002
      >>> y(-1.4)
      -0.5366399999999989
      >>> y(-1.35)
      -0.16252718750000072
      ...
      >>> y(-1.325)
      -0.0017212207031245264
      ...
      >>> y(-1.3247)
      0.00010951904337330731

    • @gregorsamsa9762
      @gregorsamsa9762 4 роки тому

      @@victorshilin9360 ya that is cheating lol

    • @adamedmour9704
      @adamedmour9704 4 роки тому +1

      Victor Shilin This is how my brain works

    • @lecinquiemeroimage
      @lecinquiemeroimage 4 роки тому +1

      x⁵ + x⁴ + 1 = 0 ⇒ x³(x² + x + 1) - x³ + 1 = 0 ⇒ x³(x² + x + 1) - (x³ - 1) = 0 ⇒ x³(x² + x + 1) - (x -1)(x² + x + 1) = 0 (because a³ - b³ = (a - b)(a² + ab + b²));
      then we have (x² + x + 1)(x³ - x + 1) = 0 ⇒ x³ - x + 1 = 0, because x² + x + 1 = 0 does not have any real solution ( Δ = - 3 < 0)
      to be continued ...
      P.S: we need to note that if f(x) = x⁵ + x⁴ + 1 , then f(x) = 0 has only one real solution, and this solution is negative, between (-2) and (-1)); ...
      ... and this in using lim f(x) when x → - ∞; lim f(x) when x → + ∞; and f'(x) = 5x⁴ + 4x³ = x³(5x + 4) = x(5x + 4).x²
      x³ - x + 1 = 0 is easy to solve with Cardan's formula.

  • @RedGallardo
    @RedGallardo 3 роки тому +3

    You know what is happiness? It's to know I never have to solve such things in my life. Pure joy. ^__^

  • @michielcampagne8614
    @michielcampagne8614 4 роки тому

    I don't know how but you always get me excited for math

  • @juandeluna2652
    @juandeluna2652 4 роки тому +2

    You're a genius!

  • @rabiamounir6327
    @rabiamounir6327 4 роки тому +3

    In the beginning, I tried to write it as (x^4+1)(x+1), then I tried something with (x^3+1) and then think to something which make some terms simplifies and in the end find the answer. Nice, but Easy one.

  • @redstoneplayz09
    @redstoneplayz09 4 роки тому +3

    It's a shame that I don't have anything to comment about before coming here, but I can't miss this golden opportunity to be this early lol..
    I just want to say that I really like your videos and even though I still haven't officially learned calculus or trigonometry in school I watch every single one of your videos! :D

    • @einsteingonzalez4336
      @einsteingonzalez4336 4 роки тому +1

      Yes. They're explained so easily that ANYONE can understand it.

    • @redstoneplayz09
      @redstoneplayz09 4 роки тому +1

      @@einsteingonzalez4336 That's what I like about these videos.
      Thanks to it, I think it will be easy learning complex numbers, since I already know the basics of what it is and how to use it etc, plus I see it everywhere and it becomes normal at this point!
      Same with trigonometry.
      I started to understand the small stuff that no one pays attention to, like the angles of pi related to the circle, euler's formula, comparing numbers, tricks to solving equations, and I can state many more.

  • @Max-mb2rh
    @Max-mb2rh 4 роки тому

    Great video as always

  • @turb0flat437
    @turb0flat437 3 роки тому +1

    I solved this by recognising almost immediately (by inspection since if we set x^3 = 1, we get x^2 + x + 1 =0 which also returns the conjugate complex roots of one) that that the two complex cube roots of one solved this. Which means linear factors of (x-omega) and (x-omega^2). Then by serial synthetic division and using the identities related to the complex cube roots of one, I got x^3 - x +1 =0. I solved this using the cubic solution I derived from first principles (recognising the reduced cubic form and putting x = z + 1/(3z) followed by z^3 = m and solving the quadratic). It was after this last step (when I'd already got the correct solution) that I watched your video hoping for more insight or a clever trick in how you solved that final cubic, but alas - you just regurgitated the cubic formula.

  • @bryanCCC
    @bryanCCC 3 роки тому +9

    honestly I am just enjoying how he writes on a white board at this point

  • @behzat8489
    @behzat8489 4 роки тому +3

    Adding and substacting x^2 also works.

    • @camronmccutcheon2842
      @camronmccutcheon2842 4 роки тому +3

      tha's what I did too. It was much faster. Unfortunately I got stuck because I did not know the cubic formula. I was hoping to see a solution that didn't require it. oh well.

  • @AnonimityAssured
    @AnonimityAssured 4 роки тому +1

    Numberphile has a stimulating video on the plastic ratio, and the Wikipedia page on the plastic number (the same thing under a different name) is pretty good. Also, typing "plastic number" into Wolfram Alpha and then clicking on "More information" provides the start of an interesting mathematical tour.

    • @UmarTahir
      @UmarTahir 3 роки тому

      Thanks for the recommendations!!

  • @tienthuy3385
    @tienthuy3385 3 роки тому

    You make me love math. Thank you!

    • @MathLab4u
      @MathLab4u 3 роки тому

      We solve as math teachers cubics as well
      You might look at some examples
      ua-cam.com/video/ircZ_M1m3I8/v-deo.html

  • @shifta7726
    @shifta7726 4 роки тому +5

    this vedio so good to help crack my exam next wek its iit jee advanced sir can you pls help thank you sir

  • @derdimi927
    @derdimi927 3 роки тому +8

    Me, being an engineer:
    Ok... google, what was the formula for Newton's method again?
    ...calculator goes brrr...
    Hmmm, something around -1.325. Lets put -1.5, it will do its job.

    • @groovyengineer
      @groovyengineer 3 роки тому +1

      Hahaha i did the exact same thing took a couple seconds.
      Ahh it's around -1 , close enough. If we'd worked together we would have averaged it and nailed it.

  • @pwmiles56
    @pwmiles56 3 роки тому

    What a nice guy! I converted the polynomial to a "depressed quintic" (sigh) y^5+y+1=0 with y=1/x. I guessed there would be roots y and y* with |y|=1. y=-1/2 +/- i sqrt(3)/2 turns out to work. Multiplying the terms for these gives the quadratic factor leaving the depressed cubic (double sigh). After that I Googled

  • @ashrithvenkat8053
    @ashrithvenkat8053 4 роки тому +4

    We can also do using Descarts rule of signs to know how many real roots

  • @naytte9286
    @naytte9286 2 роки тому +7

    I just tested a bunch of numbers with two columns. One for x and one for f(x), and I got pretty close. I got to 1.32 which would be 0.02, which is quite close. I'm sure you'd get the answer eventually that way if you had enough patience.

  • @VedanthB9
    @VedanthB9 3 роки тому +28

    I would just use the Newton-Raphson method, lol.

    • @hechx4606
      @hechx4606 3 роки тому

      Engineer?

    • @powerdriller4124
      @powerdriller4124 3 роки тому +2

      I would have cranked the equation into an online polynomial solver, like Wolfram, it would give in two seconds the five solutions as stars in a nice complex plane. By the way, do you know that the family of polynomials equations: x-1=0, x^2+x-1=0, x^3+x^2+x-1=0, .... are related with the Fibonacci numbers, and of course with the Golden Ratio??

    • @jimgraham6722
      @jimgraham6722 3 роки тому

      Newton's method should converge on a solution in about 5 iterations. I haven't tried it though.

    • @powerdriller4124
      @powerdriller4124 3 роки тому +1

      @@jimgraham6722 :: The number of iterations for convergence for Newton Rapson depends on the seed value you give in as Xo, and the precision you need. And also not to fall in a zone where the function has a valley, where the iterations will go up and down, oscillating.

    • @jimgraham6722
      @jimgraham6722 3 роки тому

      @@powerdriller4124 Yes indeed, NM has some limitations, but to me it is fun to watch it resolve some otherwise difficult problems using a cheap programmable calculator.

  • @nahianshabab724
    @nahianshabab724 3 роки тому

    This was in my recommendation. Awesome video

    • @deedewald1707
      @deedewald1707 3 роки тому

      Great request Great video Great comments !

  • @MackSuperb
    @MackSuperb 4 роки тому +1

    Awesome!

  • @anicorner7723
    @anicorner7723 3 роки тому +7

    who else thought it was -1 and then found out that there is still one remaining?

  • @hubertkudatywitkowski2528
    @hubertkudatywitkowski2528 3 роки тому +4

    He is a Smart guy ,j would like to have brain on this level

  • @yashgarg1182
    @yashgarg1182 3 роки тому +2

    No words to say , u are great sir.

    • @MathLab4u
      @MathLab4u 3 роки тому

      We solve as math teachers cubics as well
      You might look at some examples
      ua-cam.com/video/ircZ_M1m3I8/v-deo.html

  • @aibekmukhamediyarov7906
    @aibekmukhamediyarov7906 4 роки тому

    You are awesome. It is understandable even for me who is far from maths

  • @alchemistofxerxes2630
    @alchemistofxerxes2630 3 роки тому +4

    Good to see that you decided to grow your beard😊😊😊

  • @3d_daniel299
    @3d_daniel299 3 роки тому +3

    me: searching how to solve quadratic equations...
    he: lets solve a 5th equation!
    me: ... *head bangs against the table" ...

    • @melonenlord2723
      @melonenlord2723 3 роки тому

      he also showed it for cubic but not the quadratic one. :D

  • @lightyagami6647
    @lightyagami6647 4 роки тому +2

    I come to his every video just to see what new question and which new mic he brings XD

  • @irajnoormanesh9805
    @irajnoormanesh9805 3 роки тому

    thank you was very useful

  • @priyanshsingh1753
    @priyanshsingh1753 4 роки тому +11

    Maybe, we could get away with some graphing. Take x⁵+x⁴ on lhs and -1 on rhs and we could surely make a good enough approximation

    • @sumitprajapati821
      @sumitprajapati821 4 роки тому

      Nice approach brother

    • @mohammedsrivastava5917
      @mohammedsrivastava5917 4 роки тому

      I don't think you can go much further with that except compluter. In this process ultimately you have to solve this to find the intersection analytically

    • @angelmendez-rivera351
      @angelmendez-rivera351 4 роки тому

      Okay, but what if we don't want an approximation?

    • @sumitprajapati821
      @sumitprajapati821 4 роки тому

      @@angelmendez-rivera351 nothing is accurate

    • @lecinquiemeroimage
      @lecinquiemeroimage 4 роки тому

      x⁵ + x⁴ + 1 = 0 ⇒ x³(x² + x + 1) - x³ + 1 = 0 ⇒ x³(x² + x + 1) - (x³ - 1) = 0 ⇒ x³(x² + x + 1) - (x -1)(x² + x + 1) = 0 (because a³ - b³ = (a - b)(a² + ab + b²));
      then we have (x² + x + 1)(x³ - x + 1) = 0 ⇒ x³ - x + 1 = 0, because x² + x + 1 = 0 does not have any real solution ( Δ = - 3 < 0)
      to be continued ...
      P.S: we need to note that if f(x) = x⁵ + x⁴ + 1 , then f(x) = 0 has only one real solution, and this solution is negative, between (-2) and (-1)); ...
      ... and this in using lim f(x) when x → - ∞; lim f(x) when x → + ∞; and f'(x) = 5x⁴ + 4x³ = x³(5x + 4) = x(5x + 4).x²
      x³ - x + 1 = 0 is easy to solve with Cardan's formula.

  • @scienceseeker8377
    @scienceseeker8377 4 роки тому +32

    Never clicked so fast!

  • @DL-fb8jd
    @DL-fb8jd 3 роки тому +2

    Another interesting way to solve this equation is to use the symmetry of its solutions.
    Let z a solution of the equation
    Then to have z⁵+z⁴+1
    z⁵ and z⁴ can be complex conjugate each other.
    Let ⃗z the conjugate of z. Then ⃗z⁴ will be conjugate of z⁴ then equal to z⁵
    Then we have this awesome equation
    z⁵=⃗z⁴.
    Using exponential notation for complex numbers
    r⁵exp(5θ)=r⁴exp(-4θ)
    for r≠0 then r=1 to satisfy the equation and
    5θ=-4θ+2πk
    we found that θ=2π/3 is a solution.
    then z=exp(±2π/3) are two solutions of the equation.
    Then since z are two cubic roots of the unit they satisfy the equation.
    z²+z+1=0
    then x²+x+1 divide x⁵+x⁴+1.

  • @behruzmahmadiyorov7805
    @behruzmahmadiyorov7805 3 роки тому

    Thank you very cool lesson

  • @purpleontop2133
    @purpleontop2133 4 роки тому +44

    How were people here before it came out

    • @blackpenredpen
      @blackpenredpen  4 роки тому +28

      I put my unlisted videos in my playlists

    • @purpleontop2133
      @purpleontop2133 4 роки тому +10

      blackpenredpen ohhhhh, thanks

    • @Larsjensen99
      @Larsjensen99 4 роки тому

      @@blackpenredpen you could just graph ut aswell

  • @user-td3uj8is5i
    @user-td3uj8is5i 4 роки тому +6

    As soon as i saw the equation i instantly calculated the solution -1.3247 in my head no problem.

    • @davidbrisbane7206
      @davidbrisbane7206 4 роки тому +6

      I am so clever that I instantly calculated the answer in your head and made you think it was all your idea 😂🤣😂🤣.

    • @davutsauze8319
      @davutsauze8319 4 роки тому

      You're either lying or exagerating

    • @blackpenredpen
      @blackpenredpen  4 роки тому +1

      Purely amazing!

    • @SimonClarkstone
      @SimonClarkstone 4 роки тому +1

      That's nothing. I calculated the answer in BPRB's head.

    • @jofx4051
      @jofx4051 4 роки тому

      You mean you calc that with brain calculator?

  • @vishalk2802
    @vishalk2802 4 роки тому

    You are very helpful to me bro, this is very useful for IITJEE

  • @saharhaimyaccov4977
    @saharhaimyaccov4977 4 роки тому

    Thank u to learn the cube formula ... i happy for that ... if you can to learn more about this

  • @ennedp6925
    @ennedp6925 4 роки тому +5

    i just know that evryone thought "hm ok so, it's not zero" first thing first ahah

  • @Humongastone
    @Humongastone 4 роки тому +6

    Why can't B and E be like 4 and 0.25 for example? 2:08

  • @mechanicalromance6748
    @mechanicalromance6748 4 роки тому

    You are a great genius bro

  • @michelkhoury1470
    @michelkhoury1470 3 роки тому

    Thank you man 😘

  • @matteodamiano7598
    @matteodamiano7598 4 роки тому +3

    0:41 you can substitute x=1/y to get an equation which only has the linear and constant terms, which (in some cases) should be solvable

    • @user-cd5kp2qd5l
      @user-cd5kp2qd5l 4 роки тому

      How would this work? Bello trovarsi tra italiani nei commenti 👍

    • @rainbow-cl4rk
      @rainbow-cl4rk 4 роки тому

      If we subtitute x by 1/y:
      Y^(-5)+y^(-4)+1=0
      «=»1+y+y^5=0
      I don't think it s easier

    • @matteodamiano7598
      @matteodamiano7598 4 роки тому

      @@rainbow-cl4rk its not easier, but there are formulas for some cases of quintics in the form x⁵+ax+b=0

    • @rainbow-cl4rk
      @rainbow-cl4rk 4 роки тому

      @@matteodamiano7598 ah ok, tanks, i didn't know that

    • @dlevi67
      @dlevi67 4 роки тому

      @@matteodamiano7598 However the conditions for the formulas to work are... well, let's call them challenging to compute.

  • @chhabisarkar9057
    @chhabisarkar9057 4 роки тому +3

    I don't know but can anyone explain why there's a "±1" in the end of every existing equation out there 😂

    • @jofx4051
      @jofx4051 4 роки тому +1

      Square root can be from either positive or negative number squared

  • @mauryadarshan
    @mauryadarshan 4 роки тому

    Very interesting way of explanation... Bahut badhiya.. Great

  • @amansharma2957
    @amansharma2957 3 роки тому

    Great teacher

  • @FreeGroup22
    @FreeGroup22 4 роки тому +4

    8:55 uhhhh no dont do that

  • @veritascui6013
    @veritascui6013 3 роки тому +3

    meanwhile, physics student type the equation into mathematica

  • @manamimnm
    @manamimnm 2 роки тому

    in high school we were taught to factor any polynomial by dividing it by (x-b) where b is a factor of the 0-th term; that is 1 in your example. so we divided once by (x-1) and again by (x+1).

  • @thehumanflute
    @thehumanflute 4 роки тому +2

    I could see that "w and w^2" are the solutions of the original equation, coz w^2 + w + 1 = 0 and w^3 = 1. So I got x^2 + x + 1 as a factor directly. Works in this particular case only though 😅

  • @nirmalkumar4059
    @nirmalkumar4059 3 роки тому +3

    1 real root
    4 imaginary root
    By d carties law of sighn

  • @FACT2FIT
    @FACT2FIT 3 роки тому

    Good solution 👍

  • @UtpalRay
    @UtpalRay 4 роки тому

    Very Nice!!!

  • @tinasolanki7010
    @tinasolanki7010 4 роки тому

    You are favourite 😊
    Thanks 😀

  • @mathsolar7365
    @mathsolar7365 3 роки тому

    Brilliant!!!

  • @VanNguyen-kx6gx
    @VanNguyen-kx6gx 7 місяців тому

    Good answer.

  • @zzz942
    @zzz942 4 роки тому +1

    Divide equation by x^2: x^3+x^2+1/x^2, which implies x^3+(x+1/x)^2-2=x^3-1+(x+1/x)^2-1 so factoring this and dividing by x^2-x+1 we get desired cubic

  • @Kairav09
    @Kairav09 3 роки тому +1

    I'm in highschool. I'm so passionate about maths. I hope I'm as good as you are when I'm your age. Absolutely surreal

    • @UmarTahir
      @UmarTahir 3 роки тому

      Good luck! I hope you studies go great!!

  • @essaali9823
    @essaali9823 3 роки тому

    Theta function can also be used to solve quantic and sixtic polynomials, however, for septic polynomials the Segal function is required.

  • @sexytomato100
    @sexytomato100 3 роки тому +1

    This mans marker control is impeccable

  • @Debg91
    @Debg91 4 роки тому +2

    Although there is not an analytical expression for the solutions of quintic equations, there are conditions on the existence of closed expressions for certain coefficients. Those I think were developed by Abel, but I'm not quite sure.

  • @goldfing5898
    @goldfing5898 Рік тому

    This is really genius. All is derived in a logical and understandable manner. I tried to figure out the polynomial multipöication but it got to complicated. Still I had the idea that maybe x^2 + 1 or x^2 + x + 1 could be the quadratic factor, since both of these end with 1 and have no real solution. But the grouping scheme was great and much easier!

    • @carultch
      @carultch Рік тому

      Given that there is only one real non-repeated solution, this means it has to come from the cubic factor and not from the quadratic. This means that the cubic factor is a case where Cardano's formula works directly, because the cubic discriminant will be positive for the single non-repeated root. The quadratic factor could give us two real roots, or a real/repeated root, but not just one real/distinct root.
      If there were only one real root and it were repeated, it could come from the quadratic factor. This isn't possible with an odd degree polynomial, since a repeated root means there's a turning point at the root. It has to turn back around and cross the x-axis again. So any odd-degree polynomial with a real repeated root, will have another distinct root as well.