What the HECK is Mass?
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- Опубліковано 25 лип 2024
- The concept of "mass" shows up a lot of different places: Newton's Laws of Motion, Inertia, Gravity, Einstein's Relativity, Quantum Mechanics. Is it relativistic mass or just rest mass? These confusions are everywhere. Let's clarify.
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VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS
What is Inertia?
• What is Inertia?
Why Doesn't Light Have Mass?
• Why Doesn't Light Have...
How Fast Is Light?
• How Fast Is Light?
What is a Quantum Field?!?
• What is a Quantum Fiel...
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RELATED UA-cam VIDEOS
Veritasium on Mass/Higgs:
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PBS Space Time on Mass/Higgs:
• The True Nature of Mat...
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Relativistic Mass:
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2:15 For most people, in everyday situations, Newtonian mechanics is the best way to look at mass. If we were all forced to use Einstein's equations there would be... mass confusion.
Ha!
Don't mass with us
Well, in newtonian mechanics mass is defined as a multiplier that turns velocity into momentum. Still applies to relativistic mass, but instead of m we wright jm
Master Therion
Mass-t you say this?
Its taken me nearly 5 minutes seriously thinking about your comment before I recognised your joke. Well done, though I get really grumpy about folk who make me recognise my own dimness.
As an aging physicist, I applaud your videos. As they say, the half-life of a physicist is 2 years - I’ve forgotten more than I ever knew..
I do my best to keep up with things. Making these videos helps :-)
@@ScienceAsylum And you succeed in it. Well done!
@@ScienceAsylum and you succeeded
Oh my goodness! Is the half life of a physicist really just 2 years?!
I´m with you John.
Man this guy is a "Physics" saver. Can't appreciate him enough. Thank you so much for clear, easy and non-depressing explanations. Thumbs up sir.
Finally I understand why speed increases "mass", heard it loads of times, never got why tho, thanx.
WOW! Thanks for the revelation. Your comment just cleared some muddy water for me.
why?
Then why is a photon massless?
@@vijaysinghchauhan7079 because it's not catholic.
@@vijaysinghchauhan7079 It's not.
A photon *at rest* would have no mass.
But photons are not at rest. They are moving extremely fast. Therefore, they have energy, resulting in mass.
That's why light bends around a black hole - it's affected by gravity, due to its mass.
Note, it is not moving at the speed of light. It can only move at the speed of light in a vacuum. But there's no such thing as a perfect vacuum.
Also, I'm not fat, I'm energetic :)
Etai Vandel
LOL! That's a good one, I'll use that! 😀
Etai Vandel 😀 just a little bit more rest energy, that’s all
Yeah, it will be obvious if you set a fat person and a thin person on fire. A fat person will burn more energetically.
Well... You're not wrong...
You area almost pure gluon field energy, way to go, Superglue!
Self-esteem Reducer @ 0:17 ... hahaha!
Excellent video as usual
jajajajajaj I'd missed that
Anyone who's ever read Griffiths before know this
Simply put, this is one of the best channels on youtube. Thanks for making these videos, mate.
Thanks for watching them :-)
You broiled this down to be just a 7+ minute video in which you provided a reasonably clear explanation of what the "stuff" of mass actually is. Very impressive.
This man cured my depression
i totally get you!
He calls me crazy. N im fine with that n thats progress😁
Correction: At 6:00 I say "Leptons" when I _should_ have said "Fermions." Spin-half particles are called Fermions. Leptons are a specific kind of Fermion (specifically the 6 on the far left of the chart). Sorry for the mistake.
Update: I managed to use the UA-cam video editor to remove that 2 seconds from the video. Mistake fixed!
The Science Asylum Ok, that makes more sense.
You were probably thinking of the particles that steal mass, the Kleptons. :)
Man, just when I thought I was clear about light's "mass" situation, you brought up that it has Kinetic Energy's mass. I'm confused again. Can you please explain?
jSoN makkan Using the .clone() function if your name is JSON :)
What is energy???
How the heck can you fit so much physics into so little time? Excellent job as always.
Probably with a lot of planning, a lot of re-writing the first explanation that comes to his mind, and a lot of graphic design to convey his point.
Richard Feynman is happy.
you deserve so much more subs
Subscribers are mostly just gluon field energy.
@@tom_something hahahahahahaa
So, based on your ending we are all suffering from ‘mass’ delusions? Interesting...
Ha!
The sun! Does the biggest mass I can see.
@@ScienceAsylum Ha ☝🏻🙂
Well, not all of us...
While some have mass delusions, others mass debate!
So nicely put into a single video.I see your effort bro.Your videos are getting even better.That bar graph madr sguff so clear.Thanks
Excellent explanation of mass. This needs to be watched by so many confused physics professors so they can stop causing mass confusion.
@0:28 epic Newton rap😂😂
It was perfecttt
I was expecting Rapper Clone, but no. DJ zigzag
@@HutcH68 he is ziggin he's zaggin :D I was waiting for a clone, too.
Full songs plis
Your last two videos have been incredible.
Last two? All of them are amazing. None of them fails.
Cleiton Oliveira True. 👍🏻
I agree. They were incredible in completely opposite ways.
Man, you are really good.. This channel is seriously underrated... Keep going man.. It only needs one good viral video to give the necessary boost to the channel... I have almost watched all videos in last one week's time... Thanks for all the research and the explanation...
"Self-esteem reducer" :DDD Set aside the humor, the video is brilliant. Including the humor makes it awesome.
I mean, just Awesome. Understood every bit of it and the content was Awesome. Love your creativity and craziness. You surely deserve a million subscribers.
* Dad jokes clone *
This video had a MASSIVE influence on my knowledge 😬
Ha!
The video transmitted its energy content to me too.
Finally subbed. Because the kinetic energy/relativistic mass explanation actually got me to a new plateau of understanding relativistic concepts. Thank you!
That was a crystal clear explanation on the subject! Your channel is indeed great. I know it already increased quite a bit in popularity but it is not at all as well known as it deserves to be yet...
I agree with you he is an awesome explainer
“Whats the most massive thing youve ever seen?”
* insert fat mama jokes here * 😂😂😂
Hey! You stole my comment.
Well ... that's the price of being late.
Yo mama so fat, she occupies 99% of the Higgs field! 😂😂😂
Yo momma so fat it bends light around her belly!
What?
1%??
I'm gonna sell all my Higgs Field shares and buy all the gluons I can.
That would be stupid since the higgs field aways has a above zero normal its the safest field of investment
@@voszvaivaldtkoszikovokh6418 Sadly, this is also how many people invest their money! Based on missing the point. Get an extremely sensitive weight scale, get a rubber band powered airplane. Weigh the airplane, then wind the prop as tight as reasonable, and lock it in place. Then weigh the airplane again. The WOUND rubber band weighs considerably MORE now, because you have imparted kinetic energy into the band. The locking in place allows you to weigh that difference in ENERGY. Release the prop, and allow the energy to dissipate and weigh the airplane again. It will now weigh LESS than originally! WHY? Because the rubber band has been damaged in the process and has lost mass. It will eventually if twisted over and over, will weaken and break due to internal stresses and the release of the BINDING energy holding the band together.
I have watched so many channels of physics but no one explained in depth has you do thanks man really appreciate it
Great work, great channel! Gives me much inspiration for my own studies. I still have not found anyone else explaining the different subjects nearly as easy as you. Keep on with your awesome work! 😎
Yay! I appear in a video as an "angry commenter"! :D
Way to go ! we knew you will achieve something someday !
David Lee what he said was fact, not opinion. Nick was wrong, relative mass is not real. It’s very easy to debunk such a concept, and pretty much all physicists agree on this.
Lol... You were right though.
@@canyadigit6274 How about a claim, give some references to scientific papers and maybe statements, from the apperently overwhelming amount of scientists, disagreeing with the concept of relative mass, which is a CONCEPT. Good luck.
The most massive thing I've ever seen is my...
Love for this channel, keep up the good work
Marko Rezic that true
got scared looking at the first part
WOW. I literally just described tried to explain this in a comment section on PBS SpaceTime's videos with my untrained, limited understanding, and I can't believe how on the money I was! Seriously, between this channel's undergrad level explanations and PBS SpaceTime's graduate level explanations, I'm getting my existential fill of knowledge!
Dude! You just made all that SO CLEAR! THANK YOU!
ya
The best five minutes teacher on the web !! So much good info in such a short time, I defintely raise my thumbs !
Guillaume Seguin uhhhhhh akshully it was 7:39 long u imbecile
Lmao that shade thrown at Don Lincoln of Fermi lab
what makes mass interesting are 3 unique properties:
1. it cam move at speeds other than the speed of light
2. it can accelerate
3. it resists acceleration
and all those properties derive from mass being a specific meta-construct over different types of energy.
PBS SpaceTIme have a very good (imho) video about this where they illustrate matter to be a perfect mirror box, filled with bouncing photons.
at rest, the photons apply equal force to all of the box's walls which cancel each other and cause no motion. but while pushed (accelerated), they push back more on the wall being pushed, and thus apply a negative force resisting acceleration.
the more mass --> the more photons --> the more resistance.
Wow, you cleared all my questions I didn't expect you to cover Higgs field in this, but I'm SO glad u did.
THANKS!!
I like the way Nick explains things that are quite difficult to understand. He makes it so interesting and lively. Keep on at it Nick!. I love your videos!
You are incredible! This is the best explanation of mass I've seen
my favorite type of mechanics is Lucidian mechanics.... Get it? because Nick Lucid?
Ha! If only that were a real thing...
@@ScienceAsylum let's call it Nick lucidian mechanics 😂😂
Jabrils!! I love your machine learning videos!!
Is that his real last name?
@@guillermoaguilar5738 yes.
I am constantly amazed by Nick. Explaining complex topics in a way that most people can understand is a rare talent. The most massive thing I've seen is Beatleguise.
What I love of your videos is that they allow me to unwind all that flawed knowledge that was fist fed to me as an universal truth when I was in highschool. Hopefully someday kids learn this things from kindergarten. Meanwhile I'm liking your vids a lot!
That gangsta "whooooo" on the background nearly killed me :-)
Sibusiso Maseko yo he droppin science like galileo dropped the orange
Went to school for physics and I'm watching all of your videos for fun. Excellent work, very entertaining and I'm stealing your jokes too for future use.
I really enjoyed the illustration at 3:42, you wouldn't believe how unbelievably helpful that was, thank you.
You're videos are perfect blend of humor and knowledge !
This video + the spacetime channel video about mass= I finally understand what mass is!!!!
Now! This is mind numbing! I’ve never heard an explanation this way about this kind of stuff. That’s what makes me coming back for more. Nice SA!
I see you're getting close to 100k. Guess it was inevitable after all, your content is great :)
Gluon field energy!!!! Wow.
First time I‘ve been shown this breakdown of the enrgy content of a Proton. Very enlightning. Thank you.
You're welcome :-)
*The most massive thing is my appreciation to this channel!*
Keep improving your content; this channel is going to grow a lot faster in the near future, I wager.
Whenever someone mentions QM I can't but think how CRAZY but also really cool it is.
QM is merely the shadow cast by the encompassing theory, QFT. Shadows often make no sense but they work for the purposes of calculations. QFT is more intuitive but still has plenty of strange features.
"QM is merely the shadow cast by the encompassing theory, QFT"
No, quantum mechanics is a general framework. QFT is a quantum mechanical theory.
QM is a simplification of QFT that deals with two-particle interactions (or a minimal number) largely ignoring the background field environment and some of the other things that particles can do. QFT is the full working theory. You are correct that QM is a general framework for particle interactions, but particle interactions are a rather small subset of what QFT is about, which explains many interactions somewhat differently anyway. Without the full QFT context, even with, QM is not very intuitive. QFT is what the Standard Model is derived from. QM leads to belief in odd ideas that aren't true, like wave-particle duality.
"QM is a simplification of QFT that deals with two-particle interactions"
No, that is completely wrong. "Quantum mechanics" refers to the framework in which observables are non-commuting objects -- it says nothing about interactions, that's for the person using the framework to supply. Quantum field theory is a quantum mechanical theory. String theory is a quantum mechanical theory. This is because in both cases the relevant objects are non-commuting generalizations of the classical notions of fields and strings.
I doubt very much Mikayla had in mind your very technical definition of QM involving non-commuting objects (that probably don't physically exist outside of math) but instead had in mind the crazy notions that QM leads people to believe in about the physical world, things that are sensibly explained by QFT. I said what I know QM "deals with" in practice, what I've read physicists also say, and I did not dispute your framework definition. You're being excessively pedantic for this channel. Know your audience.
Thanks once again amazing explanation!
LOVE your content!
Crazy stuff, crazy simple explained! Crazy!
I get so much info out of your videos. Love them!
As one of many, many former students who used Griffith's Intro to Electrodynamics text, it truly it a self-esteem reducer!
Why it is self esteem reducer? Any reason?
Thanks for not using imperial units
Xano Trevisan Kothe 😸 Yes, indeed! My thinking precisely!
No, but americans love to use them anyway
Imperial units? I thought Luke Skywalker defeated them?
Well, relativistic mass is the imerial unit system of theoretycal physics. It is just as annoying and outdated.
For gluon field? Lol
your videos are super fun! you are very funny! you always make me laugh and i like how you choose to talk about really interesting things and simplify every concept in an awesome way
The best explanation i have seen so far! It finally starts to make sense to me!
Legit lol'd with the shade you threw at fermi
Self-Esteem Reducer LMAO!!!!!
Certainly how I felt when we used that text in my Electricity and Magnetism course.
Sean Reese that's how almost everyone does
Love it! Good stuff.
Thanks for what you do, I love watching your explanations. As a passionated guy in mathematics and physics it’s a pleasure studying with your videos.
I'd pay to see Nick Lucid and Dr. Don Lincoln debate over relativistic mass.
Don Lincoln for the win!
@2:22 In the upper equatiom Nick him self used "rest mass" as just mass. There is in fact no simple way of putting "relativistic mass" there. Also, the punch line of the video shows the uselessness of the term relativistic mass :)
In all fairness, Don would likely perform better in live debate. I'm not very comfortable live... but just because someone is comfortable and confident, it doesn't mean they're correct.
I won't pay but I would love to see that.
Damn, your videos are so entertaining and interesting. Thanks to you, i learned more with this channel than my teachers did
My man is still paying equal attention to the comments as it was uploaded just a few days ago...
A True Man Of Culture
Comments are important.
Dude your explanation was so clear! You definitely nailed it! Bravo!
i wish i had a physics teacher like you in school...
"So what's the most massive thing you've ever seen?" *raises eyebrows*
I may be young, but I got that.
The animations really helped! Thanks!
Every time I think I take the next step
I see so many more!
Thanks for showing me the endless way
"we'll start with relativity because it's easier," I guess all things are in fact relative if that's the easy part.
Right. I never said it was "easy" ...just that it was _easier_ than quantum mechanics.
I just love your explanation 😍😍
Excellent video. You just filled in a gap for me. Thumbs up.
I just discovered your channel today and I'm so glad I did! Beyond amazing to watch this as a physics student who ADHD! Kept my attention the entire video!
I don't know if you have a video on what I'm about to ask, but I'm asking anyway!
Do you think our universe exists within a 4th dimensional singularity? If so, how would it tie in with relativity and quantum mechanics? If you don't believe this, why not?
Can't wait to binge watch more videos over the next few weeks!
A singularity is just an input for an equation where the output approached infinity. Inside a black hole or near the beginning of the universe, that was density approaching infinity. The universe doesn't really have that problem at the moment.
Amazing... Amazing song you did there, lol... No acctually the way u relate things together with this simplicity and clarity is amazing...
I wish to know whats your degree
I'm a physicist that can't seem to get a full-time job in academia (too many people, not enough jobs)... so I've invested my time here on UA-cam hoping I'd have better luck.
The Science Asylum i sure do wish you best of luck, although we are benefiting from your presence here, its a shame no one hired you to teach upcoming generations. But then again, here you get a wider audience.
The Higgs field does not "hover about a nonzero energy", it hovers about a nonzero _value of the field._ What the energy is at that value is irrelevant -- in particle physics you can add and subtract constants to the energy without changing anything. It is not the energy density of the vacuum that is important, especially since we have a very good measurement of that, and it's zero for all subgalactic purposes.
Mass in quantum field theory is nothing more than a quadratic contribution to the field potential energy. It's actually really simple: it just means that if the value of the field at a certain point x is f(x), the energy density has a term that looks like m (f(x))² / 2. The various massive fermions have an interaction with the Higgs that is represented by a contribution to the energy which looks like g H(x) (f(x))² / 2, where g is a coupling strength that depends on the particle. If on average the value of the Higgs field is some number H not zero, this just means the particle gets a mass proportional to gH.
Also, there's an inaccuracy in the distribution graph around the 6 minute mark. It says "gluon field energy" for almost the whole bar, but really the brunt of the mass in nuclei is (at this level) best thought of as due to the kinetic energies of the constituent quarks. You can see this clearly, for example, in charmonium or bottomonium states (e.g. the infamous J/psi), which are nonrelativistic and only slightly heavier than the sum of the quark masses would indicate (the J/psi weighs 3.1 GeV, and it's made of two charm quarks, each weighing 1.3 GeV.
Because of asymptotic freedom, it's not terrible to think of a proton or a neutron as a hollow sphere in which the quarks are free to move and bounce around. This model isn't perfect, but it's pretty good for how simple it is, even though there's no gluon field energy to speak of!
While it is true that the value of energy can vary by an additive constant without affecting anything (a fact I've mentioned in videos before), that fact is not always useful when trying to explain a concept. When educating, you often have to decide what's important.
I'm not saying you needed to mention that in this video. I just mention that as a simple reason why the vacuum energy density is not the relevant thing in the Higgs mechanism. A vacuum expected value for the field is a very different thing.
1:40 It's all about Satisfaction. Love the videos. Please keep posting.
Nick can you give us physics textbook recommendations, thanks man.
P.s we love so much and wish you the very best in everything you do;your constantly enlightening us through your well explained high quality captivating videos,I appreciate and admire you so much.
Have a great weekend Nick😁
Damn, did you just diss Dr. Lincoln from Fermilab? YOU SHALL PAY!!! Lol jk. It's a great channel though. I'd love to see you there.
2:45 You must have posted that scene because of the link I sent you of Dr.Don saying how relativistic mass isn’t real 😂.
Man I love this channel. In age of simplicity, I'm glad to find "real" stuffs here.
The more massive thing I've ever seen?
Various possible answers:
1. Nothing. Because all I can see are photons, and photons have no mass.
2. The Earth. Because is the more massive object nearby.
3. The sun. It's even more massive, but usually I don't look at it.
4. Some star. Sometimes I look at them, but saying which one it the more massive...
I guess you're joking because he meant that in a different way 😜
Me when The Science Asylum posts
*STOP WHAT YOU ARE DOING AND WATCH!*
My God! It's CanYaDigIt himself! Can you teach me how to get all the fly honies like you do?
@@Sciller4 you just gotta lead them and play it sly dog #gitgud
Amazing description of science as always! Thank you. Just thought I'd mention you should turn yourself partway towards the camera when filming side-by-side dialog between two characters because it feels more inviting to the viewer -- as if we're being included. When two characters talk directly towards each other it can seem unnatural or invasive to the viewer.
Once again, wonderful moments of insight. Thank you.
"When you measure the mass of something, you're measuring it's energy content." Hmmmm - interesting!
I would love to see a detailed video about the higgs boson and the higgs field, maybe even about how they discover it at the LHC as long its not too complicated
xMcSK see PBS space-time
Best video about it! Good job!
great video as always
I've heard a hundred explanations of mass. This is my favorite. Well done. Thanks for making me feel like I'm drowning in energy.
@0:27 NewTON rap about Mass!!!
Seriously. I’ve never seen a better video or channel. If interest and learning were energy types, I would have a lot more mass. :)
If you were a bishop, you'd have a lot more Mass😂
Wow. There's actually an answer to those questions you sometimes ask yourself. And no one else can explain them better !
I liked this video even before watched it, fast fast!
.... and after 7:10 😂
Probably some random star I can see in the sky is the best contender for the most massive thing I have seen lol
I really like your bar graphs showing the kinetic energy part of mass, including the gluon part, too.
Thanks!
Best channel. Finally I understood why speed of light travel is not possible
6:00 - error: Quarks are not leptons. Only electrons, muons, tauons and their neutrinos (and their antiparticles) are called leptons. If you want a general term for quarks and leptons, the most precise one is probably "elementary fermions."
Also, saying that relativity is easier than QM is at the very least daring.
Crap! You're right. I meant to say fermions. How did I get that mixed up in my head?!
I will pin a comment about it.
Mistaking is human. And at least in an asylum we can easilly forgive such w minor wordmistake
Sorry to be the slow guy but aren't the W and the Z bosons too get their mass via the Higgs mechanism ?