What the HECK are Magnets? (Electrodynamics)
Вставка
- Опубліковано 25 лип 2024
- Magnetism has been a human fascination for thousands of years, but where does it come from? Some of it comes from the motion of charge, called electromagnetism. Some even the spin angular momentum of electrons in quantum mechanics. Let me show you how these are one in the same.
________________________________
VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS
What is Electric Charge?
• What is Electric Charg...
What is Quantum Spin?
• What is Quantum Spin?
Humans Have Trouble With Time:
• Humans Have Trouble Wi...
________________________________
RELATED UA-cam VIDEOS
Crash Course on Magnetism:
• Magnetism: Crash Cours...
MinutePhysics on Magnetism:
• MAGNETS: How Do They W...
Veritasium on Magnetism:
• How Special Relativity...
________________________________
SUPPORT THE SCIENCE ASYLUM
Patreon:
/ scienceasylum
Advanced Theoretical Physics (eBook):
gumroad.com/l/ubSc
Merchandise:
shop.spreadshirt.com/scienceas...
________________________________
HUGE THANK YOU TO THESE PATRONS
Daniel Bahr, Ilya Yashin, Morgan Williams, Rick Finn, Drake Dragon (TMDrake), Anamnesia, Kevin MacLean, Timothy Blahout, Al Davis, Stephen Blinn, Mikayla Eckel Cifrese, David Bronakowski, Evgeny Ivanov
________________________________
OTHER SOURCES
hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/...
hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of...
________________________________
LINKS TO COMMENTS
Charge Values - Luuucy:
• What is Electric Charg...
________________________________
IMAGE CREDITS
Benjamin Franklin:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Hans Christian Orsted:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Jean-Baptiste Biot:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Felix the Cat:
archive.org/details/Felix_Apr...
Pierre-Simon Laplace:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Several of you have pointed out that, at 3:08, my magnetic field doesn't include the return arrows that exist within the bar magnet shown at 2:52. I'm well aware of this. The animation glitched whenever I tried to include them and they weren't important for the point I was making. The video was _already_ a week late and it wasn't worth trying to get it to work when I could just leave a black space in the field instead.
What about neodymium magnets? Aren't they magnetic at room temperature?
@@dangriff12 From Wikipedia: "neodymium magnet (also known as NdFeB, NIB or Neo magnet), the most widely used[1] type of rare-earth magnet, is a permanent magnet made from an alloy of neodymium, iron and boron to form the Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystalline structure."
So neodymium magnets are not just neodymium, they are an alloy that forms a crystal that is magnetic.
I'm going to take the narcissistic crazy high road - If I didn't notice it it's not worth noticing. Now, back to normal - I really appreciate all your work. Thank you.
The sense of humor is British . Great. And the scientific content is presented verrrryyy good.
Animation hates quantum mechanics,lol. XD
5 years of Engineering studies, 4 semesters to painfully understand these concepts and you did the job in 7 minutes ! Superb video and nice conclusion.
@hama prgasc I know Electromagnetism but my enthousiasm came from the way Nick explain them so briefly and straigth to the point. I am impressed you study Electromagnetism in high school. But in my memories, classical electromagnetism need prior a solid knowledge in calculus and I didn't find it so easy to understand at the time...
No man I am in just 12th and I understood these concepts very well the need is just learning your textbooks carefully . No doubt for peoples with no background of science this is the best channel ever 👍👍👍👍 and oh yeah this is my mom's gmail account ok
Magnetism was always a weird one for me. I never had a pretty clear understanding until recently and this video just puts it together so nice!
@hama prgasc lol..we study these in kindergarten...
@@unemployed756 Are you serious, I always thought this was common knowledge that everyone is born with.
"Don't ever jump to conclusions in Quantum Mechanics..." stay in superposition.
wohw 😮
Nick your videos are just so good...
Thanks Jade! What brings you to my magnet video?
One of my patrons asked how magnets worked and I linked them over here n_n
Cool thanks!
The best there is!
@@DimljenaRiba Yes, after PBS Space-time.
Quality is outstanding Nick. Partially glad you made us wait for it. You made Electrodynamics
wait for it
Attractive.
This joke is the best one I've heard in weeks dude xD
Slow clap.....👏🏿👏🏿 beautiful
But it truly is attractive, everyone else make it look unattractive and boring
This video has done a better job concisely explaining magnetism in low-level detail than any other video on the subject that I have ever watched. You are seriously the most underrated science UA-camr on this whole website!
You are, without a doubt, my top favourite UA-cam video producer. Magnetism is my nemesis, but I've definitely learnt something new today. Thank you Capt Crazy!
Wow. Your “all magnets are electromagnets” explanation was absolutely stellar. I feel like when I got my best maths teacher to date after almost failing end of year exams, and then suddenly getting 90% tests, because the lady actually took the time to explain things.
Love the "we have no idea" answer at the end. It gets not enough credit
Like an electromagnet changing directions on its own. Hard to pinpoint.
Wow, clicked this first before PBS Spacetime when I had a clear choice, lol
Yeah lol I'm watching Space-time's video next.
I share this preference.
same
The PBS spacetime guy is too boring and tries to sound toooooo fancy...
I love both, the more science I can get in my diet the happier I am. Yummy yummy science!
"Quantum mechanics. Hold on to your butts" The answer to every question ever!
But did you hold it?
Well...they are the "basic" of everything that exist so...yeah :D
Hello! I've always struggled with physics until a friend introduced me to your channel. I'm currently studying for the physics part of the medicine entry exam and you're the only reason why I'm managing to get more then 2-3 points at a time. Thank you so much, I love your content and please keep it up! You're amazing :)
Glad I could help!! 🤓 I used to teach university-level intro physics courses (in the U.S.) where quite a few students were preparing for the MCAT. It was part of my job to prepare them for the physics stuff.
Love your work so much! I go in to so many videos thinking I understand the underlying science but after seeing your video I realize how hazy it really was and your video made more of a clear picture.
"yes, in a lifetime of millions of years, the last stage takes days" what I never see is a video, even a simple one, describing this timeline of the life of a star.... I hope you'll do one someday. Other channels... guided me here, but yet you seem like a friend from university explaining things at the pub, without saying lies or omitting things... GOOD WORK NICK!
This guy never takes anything for granted. He always gets to the root of it and makes it practically relatable. Even when the concepts are hypothetical and mathematical, he discusses them while pointing to the relevance they hold to everyday reality.. Unlike in most schools where every lesson begins with an unquestionable assumption and ends with an irrefutable conclusion.
Wish i could like more than once to support you! Please don´t ever stop making videos! You are better than all teachers I have had so far. Keep spreading the knowledge!
I don't plan on stopping.
That was also a short video with density of info, ☺️excellently explained on the crucial points. A great short review of science on a topic. Greatly helpful and interesting thanks
Wow I have a really tough week but tomorrow I don't have to learn a lot, so I thought it would be awsome to watch a great physics video, and than I've noticed that you and Space Time uploaded😍
Feynman got very angry when asked on magnetism , but did not think us mere mortals could grasp the electron's spin and so witheld his answer , yet the Asylum gave a nice though short answer which I hope can be amplified . Great video .
Your video brought home a concept that several semesters into engineering school didn't. Thank you!
You're very welcome! 🤓
I have waited for a video like this on magnets since eternity
Excellent :) I Really Enjoyed This Video ..... And The One Before This ...... And The One Before That ...... And The One Before Them ...... :D Short Version .... All Of Them :)
Cant thank you enough for this Nick! I was a physics dunce at school... sitting at a hard bench sleeping on my elbows while a husk of a teacher tried to explain with no diagrams etc etc - I now rule the electromagnetic universe and all in a few easy to follow steps!!! Still in my PJs with hair standing on end... Now wearing the badge!!!
You explain things in ways easy to understand and also go deeper in some ways than some other sources I've watched and read into why stuff is the way it is. Bravo.
Thanks :-)
6:21
You can also expose the material to a very powerful electromagnet to convince it to line up it's atomic domains. Fun fact, if you want to demagnetize a metal that was made into a magnet this way, just hit it really hard or expose it to rapidly alternating magnetic fields.
inb4 cross link to the marble machine X's demagnetizer vid ;D You know, come to think of it, I'll link it: ua-cam.com/video/R50B5XaWUPM/v-deo.html
Great video, Nick! You make science ahem... Attractive! 😀
Ha!
@@ScienceAsylum it's your magnetic personality 😎
Well played sir
but constantly bashing mathematicians is not a sexy look! :DDDD
@@MsSonali1980 Yes it is. String "Theory" is but one good reason why. HA! lulzy
Nick, your videos are beyond expression. I'm a huge fan of your work and thoroughly appreciate all the effort you put into each clip. Keep it going man!
Thanks!
0:38 Nice! You fixed it :)
Yep! I appreciate when viewers correct me (even if I'm disappointed in myself for not noticing).
its terrifying for us too 😂 for some time
Thank you, Nerd Clone, for insisting on the quantum explanation 😄
"The crazies are gonna like it." LOL
You deserve WAYYY more recognition.
I was searching for this. Love all of your videos.
Amazing video! I love it, you really explain it in a way pretty complete and also simple, thank you
Interesting video, as always. I wonder why you didn’t mention something regarding magnetism that really blew my mind when I found out: the fact that magnetism can actually be regarded as a consequence of applying special relativity to a moving electrostatic charge.
The questions I constantly ask get answered here and thats amazing.
You are making UA-cam a better place
You are my idol sir . Thanks from my heart concept is now crystal clear . I wanna change your title of this video that - " Who heck has disliked this video !"
If you stare at Nick's nose without blinking @ 4:48 for 6 seconds, his face appears in the atom!
Woaaaw... :)
Wow. How did you figure this one out? XD
Thanks for the fun ride!!
Fred
You're welcome :-)
Always cause for excitement when you post a new one. Thanks!
Underrated channel. Thx for the content :)
Every time I see weird shit done with magnets my brain goes "ah, reality in no way works as you intuitively perceive it".
Almost everything in this video is covered in one chapter(magnetism) of class 12th physics book in INDIA.
Nick, you really help us a lot.
Wonderful summary of how a magnet works! From the innermost up to the human scale. Thank you.
After "hold onto your butts" we laughed so hard our sides ached (and the girlie's **ts went smickity-smack) so good thing you showed us Felix The Wonderful Cat.
Nick, I always get a charge out of your videos (pun intended), and if you take a pole (pun intended), all responses will be positive (again, pun intended). Thanks for keeping us crazies informed and entertained!
you did it again, great video!!
Good video nick this time you also added some quantum mechenical explanation great work👏👏
Awsome nick! You made leran what seems to me as a mountain .... and thats the stuff about magnets.
Jesus, finally a good video explaining magnetism, great work!
Really... You dont know how long i ve struggled to understand this. But this actually finally makes so much more sense, then i ve told anywhere.
Not really. Neutron doesn't have electric charge, but it generates a magnetic field. Magnetism is about the alignment of spin/magnetic moment in a current or in a particle...
Cameron McHenry Yes, but their electric charges cancel eachother out - just like magnetic moments of electron pairs on a single orbital. What matters, is the magnetic moment (spin) of neutron, as a whole particle and not the spins or electric charges of quarks within it.
Besides electrons in an orbital don't create electric currents. Their momentums and locations are undetermined, until they are being measured, so it's not right to apply the Right Hand Rule or EM induction...
And one more thing: magnetic fields in motion, create electric currents, just like electric currents produce magnetic fields. Both, electric and magnetic fields are equivalent in the EM induction - and it's wrong to say, that electric charge is the SOURCE of magnetism in matter
The only valid understanding of EM, is to see the difference between electric charge and quantum spin - which are two, different properties of subatomic particles. Electric and magnetic fields don't interact with eachother in their static forms - what shows, that those forces are not just "two sides of one coin", but completely different aspects of matter.
The only proper explanation of the source of magnetism, is to include the alignment of spins/magnetic moments of particles in a current or in atoms, which make a magnetic domain. Magnetic fields are all about alignment - just as on the quantum scale, so for the Universe at macroscales. In galactic magnetic fields, all star systems are more or less aligned. In stellar magnetic fields, planets are magnetically aligned with the central star(s). In a pernament magnet, all the magnetic domains are aligned. In a magnetic domain, all the atoms are magnetically aligned. AND SO in an electric current, all electrons are aligned perpendicullary to the electric moment - and this is why, currents of particles create magnetic fields...
This way is MUCH more simple to understand and to connect it with the other forces... Electromagnetism (EM induction) is the result of moving fields: both, electric and magnetic ones.
Another fascinating topic as always explained in a comprehensible way. Thanks for the upload...
Finally an intuitive reference without the need for math.
finally, i learned what makes magnets work. wondered this my entire life and didnt get the answer until now
Some months ago, I saw this video. Today, my 9yo nephew asked me "How do magnets work?", and thanks to remembering parts of your video I managed to explain the basic stuff with a piece of string (wire) and a bowl of tomatoes (Fe atoms). This has to count as some sort of success on your part as well! Keep up the great work :-)
That's wonderful!
You are doing what my high school, college, degree teachers couldnt do. They just tell u to byheart the stuff(especially math) so that u can pass in the exams. Sir you have my Respect...
Nice work Nick
This is next level
I think this is the first video i've watched from "The Science Asylum" and understood the majority of the concept.
Great video as always!! Simple and Lucid !! 😃
Another outstanding video! I very much like this UA-cam channel!
Magnets are so coolest thing ever. It feels like magic.
To people who think the Earth is flat it *is* magic
You are that type of meme which everyone loves.
Great one!
This lecture is a masterpiece. Thanks for unifying these concepts.
I'm calling it in a maximum of 2 years this channel will have 3 mln subscribers
My favorite line: “Laplace was a BAMF.”
I did my share of learning Laplace transforms in college to completely agree. 😊
They are fuckin magic
That was a great explanation! Cheers.
We love your Videos Nick, greetings from Vienna
I remember watching Feynman explaining once, that the force we feel when trying to push opposite sides of two magnets together, is the same force that we feel when we try to push our finger through the table. But because of atom alignment we feel this force sooner in magnets. Is this accurate?
Technically, yes, the electric force (finger on the table) and the magnetic force are really just the same type of force: the "electromagnetic force." The problem I have with that explanation is that non-physicists don't think of those things as the same, so it can be a bit misleading without further explanation.
Laplace is cool.
Been waiting for it.
Gained a lot sir
Really helpful and intuitive!
Someone should link this video to Insane Clown Posse. They have been asking this question for years.
*Sees and clicks new S.A. video
*Clicks Like button
*Proceeds to watch video...
So glad this channel came up during a search. Awesome. Sorry I'm late...lol.
Thanks man, love your videos! Always been confused by electricity and magnetism
But then what is this thing with motion that it is serving as a link between electricity and magnetism.....I mean why moving charges have magnetic properties......and also does relativity come into play, like does moving with charge effect my measurement of the strength of magnetism(my intuition is that it should not but kindly explain)
Thanks for existing.
try looking up the episode on vertasium on electromagnets.
My understanding is that relativity has everything to do with why moving charges generate the magnetic force. Imagine two conducting wires lying parallel to each other. They are composed of positively charged protons in their nuclei and and equal number of negatively charged electrons surrounding the nuclei. As there are an equal number of electrons and protons in these wires there is no net electric charge and therefore no force between the wires. Now start a current in both wires moving in opposite directions. Imagine that you are an electron in one of the wires. From your “point of view” you are standing still as are all the electrons in your wire. If you look over to the flow of electrons in the other wire you see them moving, therefore, per relativity, the distances between these moving particles would be measured by you to be contracted in the direction of their motion. This makes the total negative electric charge in the neighboring wire appear to be denser and therefore you and all your fellow electrons in your wire would experience a repulsive electric force. The electrons in the other wire experience the same thing and the two wires are pushed apart. We call this force, a result of their relative motion, “magnetism” but it is still just the electrostatic force of particles with an electric charge. Note that you, as an electron, would also see the distance between the positively charged protons contract but since they are, from you viewpoint, contracting the same in both wires they contribute no net large scale effect. Now imagine the currents flowing in the same direction. Now the electrons in the other wire are traveling the same as you and therefore appear stationary and there is no contraction between them from your viewpoint and no “magnetic” force. On the other hand, the protons see the electrons in the opposite wire moving and therefore contracted with an accompanying “densification” of negative charge which causes them to be attracted. The two wires will now move towards each other. It was a revelation to me when I first learned that magnetism is a result of moving charges.
There is an often told story in biographies about Einstein that when he was a small boy his father gave him a magnetic compass 🧭 and that he was utterly fascinated by the mysterious invisible force that could move something without being in direct physical contact and that he was determined to find an explanation. I think it is absolutely marvelous that although his primary goal in developing special relativity was not to explain magnetism it nonetheless happened to fulfill his childhood dream by also solving that riddle.
Oh yes :- "On the electrodynamics of Moving bodies".
Wow! Permanent magnets and electromagnets both exist s due to movement of charges
"Sort of." Spin is weird. It shows up as an angular momentum, and in normal situations we typically define (angular) momentum as the (angular) velocity multiplied by the mass. Yet the spin is neither generated by (real) movement nor is it related to the mass of the particles -- an electron and its cousin the tau particle have exactly the same spin even though the tau is like 3000x more massive.
Nobody knows how the hell that works -- spin is one gigantic mystery in general -- but its the way the universe works. We can measure it with insane accuracy and even use it in our devices, but we're totally stumped in terms of actually understanding the "why" questions.
You don’t have it quite right. It’s not the movement of charges. It’s more accurate to say it’s due to the momentum of the charges (electrons).
The property of spin is not really movement, but it is momentum.
@@cjheaford That's exactly my point. It registers as an angular momentum, but our (normal) definition of angular momentum is based on movement and rotation -- two things that spin isn't, and mass -- which spin isn't tied to.
That is, we have absolutely no intuitive / macroscopic way of relating to spin. Surre we can measure it. We know what units it shows up as in the equations. We just have absolutely no idea _why_ it has those units.
altrag
I know altrag. I was addressing the original poster, not you. You had it spot-on.
The other 2 commenters have it right but would just like to add in, it is not a charge such as electric charge to power something. You can not hook up a wire to each end like a battery. But like a battery when it gets over heated you can also kill the angular momentum by heat. This creates a random structure to the atoms instead of a uniform direction. Thus allowing the magnet to lose its "charge".
your explanations of scientific phenomenon is impeccable and great. the way you explain it makes everything vivid
I accidentally pressed the back button just right before the "... and until next time, remember, it's okay to be a little crazy".
I couldn't stand living on like this, so, well, here I am. Great video!
F***ing magnets - how do they work?
for free it seems
TheSamsanca
Those were lyrics to perhaps one of the lamest songs of our generation.
ua-cam.com/video/8GyVx28R9-s/v-deo.html
@@thedebatehitman
Didn't know that song. Btw, why is the link youtu.be and not youtube ?
@@thedebatehitman, why did I click that link? It's like magic, bruh, you say something sucks and people want to see anyways.
TheSamsanca, it's just a trick UA-cam uses to shorten links. All the video links I put in my video descriptions are youtu.be
The first time I opened my mind, it was because of magnets.
You are an amazing teacher man! Please keep making these videos.
Nana nana nana nana teacherman (sings to tune of batman theme).
Great video :)
I don’t even watch these now before I click like. I know anything from the asylum will be good!
| V=IR, V is directly proportional to i.
And, I=Q/T
V directly proportional to Q But,from V =W/Q
V =1/Q >>>>> So, V is inversely proportional to charge Q. it is has some contradiction.
_ IN potential due to a point charge Derivation V proportional To Q. And in capacitance Q=CV .Same as above proportionality. I don't understand why V=1/Q.
At least part of your problem is equating all that Q's to each other. They're not all the same. Remember, during an interaction, there are _two_ charges: one affecting the field and one affected by the field.
Nerd clone should be in every video! "are you gonna make me go there? Yes, the Crazies will love it".......... Yes we loved it! Great video!!!
Nerd Clone is a fan favorite.
Another playful presentation of an interesting and somewhat perplexing subject. Thanks
The electromagnetic force is one of the forces that remind us that we don't need a creator to describe the universe.
Mathematics is sick
GOOD JOB, YOUR VIDEOS IS AMAZING, I LIKE SO MUCH
I have never fully understood magnetic fields, until now!
haha..visual approximation........you are funny.
I just want to say your videos are actively changing my life, and I'm sure that property generally applies 👍
Great video❤️❤️❤️
Brilliant! More videos on magnetism please :)
Brilliantly explained!
I'm researching the source of Earth's magnetism. This was very helpful. Thank you.
Glad it was helpful! 🤓
My favorite magnet story involves a coworker from Jamaica and an electro magnet. We finished a roofing job and I borrowed an electro magnet from a friend to pick up nails. My coworker had no idea what it was. So I told him to hold out his hand, and I opened the circuit and the nails dropped into his hand. I will never forget the look on his face.
WOW! After watching a half dozen of your videos I come across one that I fully understand... I think. Thanks so much! I love your stuff having to do with time dilation/"gravity"... even if I have a hard time understanding it😅
I love the way he presents and make to comprehend easy.