Georgia is really one of those tragic stories of a beautiful, near-powerful nation that was robbed during its ascendence by the Mongols and later Timur.
"to punish Georgians for Baghdad" to this day is not a history for many. after Crusaiders, who also claim "Jesus is Christ, the Messiah", just as Muslims do, allied with pagans against us - it was a betray and shock, thus instead of icy fruits and speech of Saladin they since heard only roaring of Mamluks, seeking a breach in the wall. Betray of Georgians is doubled, for they was overpowered, and could be cut, their property taken, and their daughters and wives enslaved, as if they were pagans - but they held their lifes, property and freedom only by claiming to believe 'Jesus is Christ'. And betray of Georgians tripled - they gave oath not to fight AGAINST Muslims, since they not forced to fight FOR Muslims, and neither income nor wealth was taxed, but compensation for excemption from military duty, jizya payed only by military aged men. Yet they are noble people, and we never expect lie from each other, as we never expect truth from Russians.
@aidanbarrett9313 this happened when? 10 years ago? 50 years ago? 100 years ago? No, stop feeling blaming your problems things which happened a 1000 years ago.
@@shen_baba Ignorant, there is no century when Georgia didn`t have to fight to survive, even right now they are at war against number 2 strongest military (Russia).
What really messed up Georgia after the Mongols was black plague, after 150 years of Mongol rule, they managed to restore most of their territory before the invasion and right at that point boom.
@@shen_baba it was their fault lmao. Mongols and Timurids destroyed all hopes of ascendacy since mongols and timurids were replaced with Russia, Ottomans and Persians. Yeah, two empires were replaced by three empires that desired the Caucasian lands, so yes, they are to be blamed for the fact that Georgia couldn't resist any of the three empires.
Georgia is not one of the oldest wine-producing region in the world. Georgia is the FIRST and the oldest wine-producing region in the world. Georgia is the Homeland of wine. and particularly that region - Kakheti, that you mentioned.
Here are some stories about Georgians: Georgians have their own language family (like Indo-European language family and Afro-Asiatic language family): It is Kartvelian language family (or South Caucasian language family). This family has 4 languages: Kartuli (Georgian), Mingrelian, Lazic and Svan languages. This language family is older, than Indo-European and as old as Afro-Asiatic. Georgian language has 3 Alphabets: Asomtavruli, Nuskhuri, Mkhedruli. Kartvelian peoples (Georgian people) was formed by the assimilation of 2 anrchaeogenetic linages: Caucasus Hunter-gatherers (J2a haplogroup) and Anatolian Farmers (G2a haplogroup). Georgian's relative peoples were: Minoan Cretans, Pelasgians, Sumerians, Hurrians and Hattic peoples. The First Georgian tribal states appeared from 15th century BC, these were: Diaeuhi, Colchis and many others. In Urartu, there were 2 major Georgian tribes: Mushki and Colchians. In Nairi confederation, Georgian state Tao (Diaokhi, Diaeuhi) was the central power. Georgians (Kingdom of Iberia / Kingdom of Kartli) became Christian officially in 326 AD. Then in the 8th century great war started with the Muslim world and we faught hundreds of great wars against them for 1000 years, until we became part of Russia in the 19th century. Russian Geographer about Georgians: "Europe, and especially Russia, has not yet realized how important historical mission Georgia has fulfilled in the face of European Christianity, through its centuries-long suffering, its devotional battles. The Georgian nation is a truly crusader nation. In a bloody war against the Muslims, this nation has not lost a sword for more than a thousand years, and if the Christian cross had not been embroidered on the clothes of many of them, it would have been embroidered in the heart of every Georgian. Thus, Georgia became a stronghold of Christianity for Europe, receiving the first and most terrible blows. This little ally of Europe has done a great historical service to the security of the continent. In spite of everything, this nation has retained its beauty, language, customs, traditions and of course, faith. The great Islamic states of the East have repeatedly turned their energy and fanaticism to the unshakable chest of little Georgia, and although their claws still reached the Caucasian peoples of northern Caucasus and managed to convert most of them to Islam, the Georgians themselves remained Christians and did not convert to Islam. The crosses of the temples of Christian Georgia were rising higher and higher, hiding in the middle, fortifying themselves stronger in the mountains, but still they continued to shine. "And still the Islamic Golden Crescent remained at the foot of the Georgian temples, but it was always proudly overlooked by the Christian cross." "Crusader Nation" - from the book by Russian geographer Yevgeny Markov - "Essays on the Caucasus". “If not Tbilisi, there might be standing a mosque in stead of church in Vienna, as Jalal Ad-Dins, Genghis Khans and other Eastern Sultans and Shahs were crashed exactly on Tbilisi Citadel. Tbilisi stood, as European fortress from where enemies of the whole Christianity could only reach Europe weakened and emptied from blood.” Tbilisi has fallen a hundred times and it is amazing !!! Resurrected for the hundredth time! The conquering invaders - the armies of Rome and Byzantium, the Arabs, the Persians and the Turks, the Mongols or any other barbarian tribes - were destroying the capital and it would rise again from the ashes as a buffer that would slow down, weaken the mightiest darts! "This is how Tbilisi fought, this is how it was beaten, even for Vienna, even for Western Europe ... Even after Giorgi Saakadze - this People's Greatest Duke, under the command of 300 Aragvians, who guarded the gates of Georgia like lions, until they were exalted by the shout of the barbarians - Allahu Akbar! ..." Karl Hugo Huppert (1902-1982). William Allen about Georgians "There is one interesting element in the character of Georgians - individualistic irresponsibility, which is reminiscent of the national character of the Spaniards and Irish, and which can also be called aesthetic irresponsibility. This people sometimes were under the influence of the foreign powers domination, but they did not take it seriously, and after the decline of that power, they retained their former character. It would not be right to say that they did not oppose such domination. They often had furious resistance, but it was the resistance of a living organism and not a struggle for any idea. The history of Georgia, like that of Spain and Ireland, shows that here the nation was regarded as the highest sanctity and not this or that principle or religion. And if any of these were involved in a religious war, we find that the reason for the struggle for the faith was a national (racial and cultural) interest. In this "aesthetic irresponsibility" of Georgians lies their national charm. And the secret of their survival as a strictly individualistic nation. "In Georgians, both in the people and in individuals, a well-developed intellect and a clear, curious mind go hand in hand with the immorality and indomitability of primitive man." William Edward David Allen (1901-1973) - English historian, Kartvelologist. "History of the Georgian people"; The White race is called "Caucasian race" in the name of Georgians «Caucasian variety. I have taken the name of this variety from Mount Caucasus, both because its neighborhood, and especially its southern slope, produces the most beautiful race of men, I mean the Georgian; ... The Georgians belong to the most beautiful nations in the world. Everywhere, at any place, there can be seen tall men and slender women with noble faces, attractive features and large beautiful eyes........., Georgians are considered to be among the bravest and the most honest nations in the world; like all other Caucasian nations, they are also hospitable and reliable, as reliable, as their sabers are, and as swift and flexible, as their stallions, courageous in warfare and kind and soft-hearted at their homes. These people produces the most beautiful form of the skull, from which, as from a mean and primeval type, the others diverge... Besides, it is white in color, which we may fairly assume to be the primitive color of mankind and because ... in that region, if anywhere, it seems we ought with the greatest probability to place the autochthones of mankind.» Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752-1840) The German anthropologist, physician, naturalist, physiologist, historian and bibliographer, Johann Friedrich Blumenbach is generally regarded as the founder of physical and scientific anthropology. He first used the word ”race” in 1775 to classify humans into five divisions: Caucasian, Mongolian, Ethiopian, American, and Malay.
How were Europeans formed? - Very briefly 1. First, the people of the R haplogroup became the Siberian aborigines, aka "Ancient North Eurasians". 2. In the same period, J2a and J1 were formed as aboriginal Caucasians. And in Anatolia, this branch G2a (which later migrated to Europe from 6500 BC and became the dominant people of Europe - they are called "early European farmers"). 3. Then, around 10,000 BC, some Siberian aborigines migrated and mixed with aboriginal Caucasians. As a result of this mixing, a new race arose: "Caucasian hunter-gatherers", who were up to 80% aboriginal Caucasian and 20% aboriginal Siberian genetics. 4. Then, From around 4500 BC, aboriginal Siberians moved to the European part of Russia. Here they met the European aborigines (western hunter-gatherers who were a division of the J haplogroup of the Caucasians - I haplogroup) and by mixing these two, a new people arose - the Eastern European hunter-gatherers. A Siberian aborigine interbred with a Western European aborigine in the European territory of Russia - resulting in a hybrid people called Eastern European hunter-gatherers. This Eastern European hunter-gatherers were genetically 75% Siberian aborigine (ie, ancient North Eurasian) and 25% genetically Western European hunter-gatherer. These Eastern European hunter-gatherers then interbred with Kura-Araxes culture's people (i.e. proto-Georgians, i.e. the descendants of Caucasian hunter-gatherers, Caucasian aborigines) and we got the first Indo-Europeans (the same "the western steppe herders"). These western steppe herders were genetically 46% Eastern European hunter-gatherers and 54% Proto-Georgian or "Caucasian hunter-gatherers". All this happened in the European part of Russia. 5. Then, by 3000 BC, the first European agriculturists, or a division of aboriginal Caucasians - G2a people - aboriginal Anatolians, came to southern Russia from Europe. And 15% genetics were added to the first Indo-Europeans. 6. Before the first Indo-Europeans began to spread, during their stay in southern Russia, that is, at the place of origin, they were 15% genetically aboriginal Anatolians (Caucasus-related), 54% Caucasian hunter-gatherers (Caucasus aboroginals) and the rest - 31% Eastern European hunter-gatherers. If we take into account that Caucasian hunter-gatherers already had 20% Siberian genetics due to the above-mentioned mixing, and Eastern European hunter-gatherers had approximately the same amount (up to 25%) of Western European hunter-gatherer genetics, overall pure Siberian genetics in the first In Indo-Europeans it would rise to a maximum - was 30%, and pure Caucasus-Anatolian aboriginals (Caucasian-Anatolian and Western European) - was approx. 70%. 7. But then the main thing happens. Then the Caucasus-Siberian mix - Proto-Indo-Europeans spread to Europe and found that continent full of G2a people - aboriginal Anatolians, Early European farmers (Caucasus-related) and mixed with them completely. So much so that the autosomal genetics of today's southern Europeans (from Spain to Turkey) is 80% - that of early European farmers, aka aboriginal Anatolians (Caucasus-related). Added to this is the Indo-European genome already formed by fusion with Proto-Caucasians. Also in Europe there were Cro-Magnons of haplogroup I and Europeans have their genetics. Haplogroup I was a direct branch of haplogroup J. One people it was, and the paternal genome of the period of unity of these 2 brother branches is referred to as - the IJ haplogroup. People I and J were one race and one kin. We can say that basically, autosomally Europe (including Russia of course) is "Great Caucasus".
Pre-historic Cultures and Historic independent states of Georgia: ∎ Oldowan industry (Afro-Eurasia, Georgia, Dmanisi - Homo Georgicus) - 2.6 - 1.7 Million years BC. ∎ Acheulean industry (Caucasus, Western Europe) - 1.8 Million - 130,000 years BC. ∎ Mousterian industry - 130,000 - 42,000 BC. ∎ Baradostian culture (Caucasus and Zagros) - 36,000 - 18,000 BC. ∎ Trialetian culture (South Caucasus, Caucasus Hunter-gatherers) - 14,000 - 6500 BC. ∎ Shulaveri culture (whole south Caucasus) - 6500-4350 BC. in 6500-5000 BC its population had haplogroups: J2, J1, G2a, T1a, R1b. in 5000-4350 BC - J2a, G2a, J1 (R1b, T1a). Sioni culture (Georgia) - 4500-4000 BC. ∎ Kura-Araxes culture (Whole South Caucasus, Mesopotamia) - 4000 - 2200 BC. in 4000-3500 BC its population was: J2, J1, G2a, (R1b, I2c). in 3500-3000 BC - J2, J1, G2a, T1a, L1b (R1b, I2c). in 3000-2200 BC - J2a, J1, G2a, T1a, L1b. ∎ Colchis culture (Western Georgia, Anatolia) - 2700 - 1300 BC. G2a, J2, J1, (R1b). ∎ Trialeti culture (South Caucasus, Georgia, Armenia, Mesopotamia, Anatolia) - 2200 - 1300 BC. G2a, J1, J2a, R1b. Khorochoi culture (North-East Caucasus) - 1800 - 1100 BC. J2, J1, (G2a). Did you know that Georgians and Hurrites created the first confederations in the history of mankind? All four of the first 4 confederations are Georgian-Hurrian ∎ Hayasa-Azzi / Khayasa-Azi / Khayasha-Azi - Confederation of Independent States (South Caucasus - Eastern Anatolia) - confederation of states of Georgian and Hurrian or only Georgian aboriginal Caucasians. existed from the beginning of the 14th century BC. in 1400-1290 BC. Created to fight the Hittite Empire. ∎ Nairi states / Nairi confederation - 1400-1000 BC. A confederation of dozens of proto-Georgian and Hurrian states in the South Caucasus and Mesopotamia, formed to fight the Assyrian Empire. ∎ Etiuni states / Etiuni confederation - 1400-860 BC. A confederation of many proto-Georgian and Hurrian states in the South Caucasus. ∎ Assuwa - 14th Century BC - A confederation of 22 states in Anatolia formed to fight the Hittite Empire. ∎ Didnauri city-state (Eastern Georgia) - 1300 - 1200 BC. ∎ Ior-Alazani culture (Eastern Georgia) - 13th century - 400 BC. ∎ Kingdom of Colchis (Western Georgia) - 1250-164 BC. ∎ Kingdom of Diauehi / Diaokhi (Southern Georgia, Eastern Turkey) - 1200-760 BC. ∎ Kingdom of Viterokhi (Southern Georgia) - approx. 1200-550 BC. ∎ Kingdom of Zabakha (Georgia) - approx. 1100 - 650 BC. ∎ Koban culture (North Georgia, North-East Caucasus) - 1100 - 400 BC. J2, G2a, J1, (R1b). ∎ Kingdom of Guriana or Kuriani (Caucasus, Eastern Georgia) - approx. 1000-550 BC. ∎ Kingdom of Iberia (South Caucasus) - 400 BC - 580 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Pontus (South Caucasus, Eastern Turkey) - 281 BC - 62 AD. R1b, G2a, J2a, E1b1. ∎ Alazan-Yaloilutepe Culture - approx. 2nd century BC - 1st century AD. ∎ Tsebelda culture - 1-500 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Lazica / Kingdom of Lazeti - 131-697 AD. ∎ Principality of Iberia - 588-1008 AD. ∎ Emirate of Tbilisi - 736-1122 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Abkhazia - 778-1008 AD. ∎ Principality of Kakheti - 787-1037 AD. ∎ Principality of Hereti - 787-893 AD. ∎ Duchy of Kldekari (876-1103) - de facto independent Georgian entity. ∎ Kingdom of Tao-Klarjeti, also called as Kingdom of Kartvelians - 888-1008 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Hereti - 893-1008 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Lore also called as Lori, or Tashir-Dzoraget - 979-1118 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Georgia - 1008-1490 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti - 1020-1104 AD. ∎ Duchy of Racha (1050-1789) - de facto independent Georgian entity. ∎ Empire of Trebizond - 1204-1461 AD. ∎ Samtskhe-Saatabago / Samtskhe Atabegate / Principality of Samtskhe - 1266-1625 AD. ∎ Duchy of Aragvi (1380-1747) - de facto independent Georgian entity. ∎ Principality of Svaneti - 1460-1857 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Imereti - 1463-1810 AD. ∎ Principality of Guria - 1463-1829 AD. ∎ Principality of Abkhazia- 1463-1864 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Kakheti - 1465-1762 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Kartli - 1478-1762 AD. ∎ Duchy of Ksani (15th c.-1801) - de facto independent Georgian entity. ∎ Principality of Mingrelia - 1557-1867 AD. ∎ Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti - 1762-1801 AD. ∎ Republic of Guria - 1905-1906 AD. ∎ Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic - 1918 AD. ∎ Democratic Republic of Georgia - 1918-1921 AD. ∎ Socialist Republic of Georgia - from February 1921 to March 12, 1922. ∎ Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic - March 12, 1922 - December 5, 1936. ∎ Georgia - 1991-present.
@@Luka-2012ow It only needs to become prosperous economically. and this is impossible if it has not good relation with neighbors. So, Georgia needs negotiations with Russia to achieve long term peace, development and unification with Abkhazia and Samachablo regions.
@@familygash7500 Kaliningrad is German territory Crimea Donetsk and Luhansk are Ukrainian territory Outer Manchuria is Chinese territory Kuril Islands are Japanese territory. Anything else?
Then why are you calling it "south ossetia?" Are you affirming rhat it's actually a land of the ossetians? That'd give us Georgians no real right to rule it. Its not an ossetian land, though. It has always been Georgian, and it's called Samachablo, "south ossetia" is a term commies made up just because there was an ossetian minority living there, unfortunately for us
Fun fact dynasty of Bagrationi is Europe’s longest ruling dynasty, Ioseb Jugashvili, Aka “Joseph Stalin was Georgian, Chief of Nkvd lavrenti Beria, who stole USA’s nuclear program, Alexander kartvelishvili, person who designed P-47 fighter, Giorgi Balanchivadze aka “George balancini” founder of New York ballet, Eduard Shevardnadze the guy who was main persona in collapse of Berlin’s wall. One of my favorites Lieutenant. Colonel Dimitri Amilakhvari, who was one of the first who started fighting against navy germany to free France with his close friend president Charles de Gaulle
Frankly concept and design of Fairchild A-10 Thunderbolt II also belongs to Alexander Kartveli, and it's Soviet competitor the Su25 was built in Factory 31, in Tbilisi, Georgia.
georgian kid who moved to jersey at the age of 10, 5 years ago. i want to graduate in an american college and take advantage of the career oppurtunities, but once thats done i want to live the rest of my life in saqartvelo. i know i may sound stupid but i feel like ive been stripped of all my family and culture just to come here. the standard of living isnt noticeably different either, georgia is a pretty developed country.
@@fateenergy1360 same here zmao I moved here 22 years ago when I was 9. Went to college, got a couple degrees, just married a Georgian girl last year and plan on living back in saqartvelo and the states
@@fateenergy1360 As a Georgian living in Georgia, I advise against it unless you can land a pretty good job before moving and have good income, then, Georgia is a great country to live in.
@@fateenergy1360 Make sure you are solid financially before moving back to your homeland brotherman. Or you can always strife to strengthen our diaspora in the US :)
in 1785 and in 1800 there was Mokhisi and Niakhuri battles, where Russians helped us. After Ottoman occupation of adjaria and samtkhe during 300 years, in 1878 Ad Russian Army captured these terriotories and after 300 years of islamid dictatorship adjarians and Samtkheans returned back. Also During erekle 2 population of Georgia was 500 000 people, after 1991 Georgians were 5 500 000, it's 11x increased in population. Lets sum: 1) Georgia united because of help of russia 2) Georgian population was decreased during Muslim attacks 22 times, and increase 11x times during Russian rule 3) Brought lost territories back(Adjaria and Samtkhe) and many other lost territories. 4) During Soviet Rule, in 70-80 Georgia was richest in it's history where was production of Trains, Planes and other factories what made cultural boom.
@@gputkaradze9873You comment is in a way accurate and in many ways laughably inaccurate. 500000 people during Erekle II was normal for a country of that size in those years, all countries had much smaller populations... however this does not cover annexation of Georgia by Russian empire, also invasion of Georgia by Commies in 1921 and all the insane crap that the country had to go thrugh under Soviets and during "liberal" russia of yeltsin period in 90s and during dystopian dictatorship under putin.
@@Patriot-0 მე მაინც მუ მიწერ ინგლისურად ქართველი ხარ😀მერე მაგათთან არ არის მეფე გაიგე რა მაგრად კიდიათ…ეგ მხოლოდ ჩვემთანაა ქალსაც კაცსაც მეფეს უწიდებენ იქ არა…მიდი და უმტკიცე ახლა🤣
მაგათ რომ კიდიათ იმას არ ნიშნავს რომ უნდა აყვე, როგორც არის მიღებული ჩვენს ისტორიაში და კულტურაში ისე უნდა გადასცე, თუ შენივე ისტორია არიე იმიტომ რომ სხვებს უკეთ გააგებინო პრობლემა შენ გამოდიხარ და არა სხვები!
It's always good to see Georgia mentioned in videos but bud, you got whole lots of stuff wrong. Especially at 10:57 - War wasn't triggered by Georgian operation, please, never make that same mistake again - It's existential for Georgia and Georgians.
ჩემი ხატია სამშობლო, სახატე მთელი ქვეყანა, განათებული მთა-ბარი, წილნაყარია ღმერთთანა. თავისუფლება დღეს ჩვენი მომავალს უმღერს დიდებას, ცისკრის ვარსკვლავი ამოდის ამოდის და ორ ზღვას შუა ბრწყინდება, და დიდება თავისუფლებას, თავისუფლებას დიდება!
there was not even word "georgia" invented during the time of argonauts, let alone country. argonauts went to colchis. georgianization of neighboring kingdoms happened later in medieval period.
@@C43S4R3Lol whaat? 😂 It is like telling Italians that Rome is not Italy because it was Rome 😂 Colchians (The collective term for early Kartvelian tribes) and Laz were and are Georgians (Kartvelians). They were talking in Georgian and they still live in Georgia. Phazisi (Poti) is still Georgia.
@@C43S4R3 Colchis was Proto-Karto-Zan speaking, the common ancestor of Georgian, Mingrelian and Laz. Karto-Zan-speakers/Colchians expanded eastwards, developed into Georgians and founded Iberia. Colchis' succesor, Lazica, was Proto-Zan speaking, common ancestor of Laz and Mingrelian. In medieval times, Georgians' westward migration and partial assimilation of Zan-speakers took place. Ancient Colchis, being Proto-Karto-Zan, is definitely Proto-Georgian in that regard. BTW, the other replies are BS.
Great video, I really like you and your channel. This was a little different but I think you should continue to weave in the geography and geopolitical issues into your information, very much enjoyed.
@@dat_o1 You should find the report of the European Commission, which investigated the events of 2008. So, this report says that Georgia was the aggressor that attacked South Ossetia. 1,500 civilians of Tskhinvali and dozens of Russian peacekeepers were killed.
@@Tonik-13@Tonik-13 my friend, 1. You can see the final report. Still in a big political game, West considered it better to make Georfia starter initially. When they saw, Russian invasion of Ukraine. They made amends and didn't hide, but promulgated the true narrative. 2. Russian peacekeepers - Funnies joke that never disappoints 😂
@@tsotnesichinava6702 The final report speaks of excessive use of force, but this is a subjective opinion. Most importantly, Georgia was recognized as the aggressor and the use of force against the aggressor was justified. Russian peacekeepers were there according to the mandate of the UN Security Council. The Russian invasion of Ukraine also has a legitimate basis.
Kura isn't the longest river in Georgia. The longest one is the Alazani River, approximately 380km. Also, there are not 1.5 million Russians in Georgia. Most used Georgia as a transit point to Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Turkey. Nowadays in Georgia, there are around 100 000 - 150 000 Russians.
Yes your numbers look correct, but I think the numbers have fallen a lot since 2023, you don't see half as many Russian cars now in Tbilisi. There are probably about 10-15k Belarusians. They are nearly all in their 20's and 30's and well educated. The long stayers are mostly software developers and have a very positive effect on the economy unlike immigrants in the Western countries. So Tbilisi now has a wealth of IT talent since 2022. I employ 2 Belarusians. The result is the economy is growing 7-10% a year since 2022, 2x any EU country, but Georgians seem determined to swap Soviet Union for European Union complete with unelected Commissioners (Kommissars). EU is a Cargo cult in Georgia.
What a nice irrigated fertile valley you have there, surrounded by excellent geographic defensive formations like high mointains and a sea. Hate to see anything happen to it.
king tamar humbled every man in histroy :D in her era lmao. untill she was alive, nobody managed to even dare and attack georgia. strongest female ruler humanity has ever seen
Incorrect. Tamar does not come close to the strongest female ruler humanity has ever seen. Just to name a few: Hatshepsut, Tawosret, Cleopatra, Boudica. These were the strongest female rulers ever. Tamar is not close.
@@Bardeu cleopatara was was a puppet and used her beauty and after that killed herself while she failed king tamar did not fail and di what no other woman did on her own without any mans help :d
Great video, hank you! Just need to highlight one factual error which is quite important - Georgian military operation in Tskhinvali Region (so called South Ossetia) was launched as a response to the mass crossing of Russian army forces across the Caucasus into Georgia, the day after they started moving in, to stop their advancement.
The Geopolitical importance of the so called ''middle corridor'' can not be understated, after all it's the passing area of the silk road and many other important eurasian magistrals. It's the tragic tale of a relatively small country residing in one of the most crucial gateways of the world, one that every big empire in the world wants to control. I am a Georgian and am personally proud of how my country managed to survive with its culture mostly unscathed, resisting empires sometimes HUNDREDS of times larger, but I am also incredibly pitiful of it, knowing how much more powerful and culturally significant it would have been if not for the greed of the different world superpowers. But I shouldn't complain that much. All these superpowers crashed and burned over the centuries, mostly out of their very greed, and Georgia managed to survive, even if as a husk of its theoretical self. Rome and Persia, Umayyads and the Byzantines, Ottommans, Safavids and the Tsarist Russia, *we outlived them all!*
Georgia or as it was then called the Kingdom of Kartli was located at the crossroads between two seas, the Black and Caspian, and whoever controlled this trade corridor dictated their own in the region. Twelve empires came there to fight for this land and this strategic corridor, and the peoples inhabiting it suffered. That is why the national clothing of Georgian men and Caucasians is essentially a military uniform.
@mariambe1527 they have Iranian-caucasian DNA,it's just their turkic language and armenians are indo-european yeah,that's why Georgia is pure caucasian
When you talk about the Persian Empire, you talk about the Sassanids, and "Sassanid" is on the screen, however, the political borders you put on the map are the borders of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, expanding beyond the Hellespont into Thrace, Macedonia, Northern Greece and Epirus, as well as Anatolia, the Levant, and Egypt. The Sassanids never controlled these areas, with very brief exceptions, these were always controlled by the Romans and later the Eastern Romans.
Not only that but acheamenid empire was there before than rome and had controlled that lands before Romans but in video it says when rome decreased then persia took over !!?
Sochi, Tuapse, Artanuji, Kars, Xopa, Saingilo, Lori! All this are Georgian places and Territories but yeah…now it bleongs to turks, Russian and Armenians😢
How are they Georgian territories? If you look at history most of those territories belonged to Persians, Assyrians, Armenians and Romans before Georgia was even a state
@@strpet27 this are pure Georgian Territories. PURE! Since the age of Colchis, these areas have always been inhabited by Georgians. So if a great power controlled these territories, is it automatically theirs or what? Don't talk bullshit!
After signing the Treaty of Georgievsk with Russia in 1783, Russia ensured the safety of the Kartli-Kakhetian Kingdom, however, when Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar attacked Georgia in 1795 with his 35,000 strong army, Russia didn`t even lift a finger to help Heraclius II. In the Battle of Krtsanisi (1795), Agha Mohammad Khan sacked the capital city of Georgia, Tbilisi and burned it to the ground.
And what was the next move of our 'friendly' Russia after the devastation by Agha Mohammad Khan? Despite the guarantees of the Treaty of Georgievsk, they abolished the Georgian Kingdom in 1801, just four years after one of the most brutal invasions Georgia had faced. Isn't it a pure act of 'friendship and partnership' by Russia?
@@n-77-54 Russia is an empire and it behaves like one, so, it wasn`t surprising at all what it did to Georgia. The Georgians are too gullible to believe that there`re "friends" in big politics.
@@eagleeye182 we don’t search for friends, I underlined what was a main wish of Georgians when our king signed the treaty to keep ties to western civilization, but Russians love to rebuke us as if they are the reason we survived and we should be grateful. They had their own reasons to invade Georgia and have a buffer zone and they got it and we had our own. So don’t expect from us love and respect. My country was part of a Soviet swamp for years and we still are trying to get out of it 😑
@@n-77-54 There`s nothing wrong to search for allies (not for "friends") but you you must always be cautious and practice situational awareness. No, Heraclius II didn`t sign the treaty to keep ties with the West but to defend the Kartli-Kakhetian Kingdom from Iran`s constant attacks. Georgia was caught between the Ottoman Empire and Iran and it was essential to be protected from external foes. Georgia will never, ever get out of Russian influence unless it arms itself to the teeth. Considering Georgia is a small country, every citizen must be a soldier. Azerbaijan has a 300,000 strong Army.
@@n-77-54 There`s nothing wrong to search for allies (not for "friends") but you you must always be cautious and practice situational awareness. No, Heraclius II didn`t sign the treaty to keep ties with the West but to defend the Kartli-Kakhetian Kingdom from Iran`s constant attacks. Georgia was caught between the Ottoman Empire and Iran and it was essential to be protected from external foes. Georgia will never, ever get out of Russian influence unless it arms itself to the teeth. Considering Georgia is a small country, every citizen must be a soldier. Azerbaijan has a 300,000 strong Army.
Great concise video! Georgia is a classic example of an independent entity state, both culturally and politically that needs a larger union like the EU. Far easier for a country like Britain to be without a union than an Belgium or Georgia, for continuing autonomy.
As a Georgian, thank you for such an episode. There were controversial issues in the video, but it is one of the most objective videos I have seen about my country by a foreigner. What is a fact and an indisputable issue is that there are not as many Russians living in Georgia today as mentioned in the video. It is true that many Russians crossed the border of Georgia especially after the mobilization in Russia, but most of them used Georgia as a transit country and simply went to different countries through Georgia.
Do Indonesia please! It's the largest archipelago nation, 4th largest population, its at the cross roads of oceans and continents, with vast diversity in nature, culture, geology, biology, and economy!
I think a lot of the way you characterized the geography of Georgia and how is shaped the country can be applied to Armenia as well (with some notable differences of course).
Yeah he did a lot of those pronounciations justice unlike a lot of other UA-camrs I've seen, however it's worth noting that he said Abkhazia as ''Abkha-zia,'' even though the accent on that word should be placed like ''A-bkhazia.''
When the reign of Lasha-Giorgi Bagration started, Georgia was riding high, having all of the Caucasus under her control, we had plans to take Bagdad and become the protectors of all cheistian peoples in west Asia. We had these great ambitions, and the means to achieve them as well. Then literal forces of mordor appeared out of nowhere. Mongols, Khwarazshah Jalal Ad-Din, and then the mongols again. Under George V we were back on our feet. And then Timur the lame appeared. It's always these horse loving steppe nomads that ruin everything for us.
Fun fact :the term Georgia comes from Persian language and it means the land of wolves.this term comes from 5th century ,when Georgian King Vakhtang beated Iranians and had wolf Helmet,thats why many Iranians call Georgia as Gorjestan.
It's the opposite, Vakhtang's legend was born because he was the "the head of wolves" not vice versa. The common legend is a misinterpretation of history.
@@Dani2kGaming_GEIR The term actually derives from a Greek word "georgia" meaning agriculture or an earth-worker and is presumably connected to Georgia's agricultural traditions.
The Sāsānian monarch Khosrow I (reigned 531-579) abolished the Iberian monarchy, however. For the next three centuries, local authority was exercised by the magnates of each province, vassals successively of Persia (Iran)
No, not even close. Georgia and "Gurj" are two different words and etymologies - nothing is similar. Before Iranians existed, Assyrians called them "Gurz". Georgia as an exonym was from the Greeks.
But residents of Crimea say that Crimea is Russia. Or are you against the fundamental principle of the UN - the right of the people to self-determination?
thanks for this video. 14 minutes is not enough to tell all the major points and events that have been happening in Georgia, Sakartvelo since the dawn of civilization. with some minor errors i say it quite nice video. only problem is that when mentioning military operation in 2008 you could say that Russian backed and orchestrated separatists were bombing Georgian populated villages before starting military response by Georgian government.
Good video. The only error is to say that Heraclius II sought Russian support against Iran. In 1773 when he signed an alliance pact with Russia, Iran was weak, torn apart with internal squabbles for power. Heraclius II was trying to find allies in Europe, contacted Britain and Austria, but Russians killed his envoys, threatened him with backing one of his relatives in quest for his throne, and forced him to sign the alliance pact. Then all of Georgia’s neighbors turned onto it because of befriending Russians. Georgia fought on all sides for nearly 30 years with almost no support from its Russian “ally”, and even though it often defeated Ottomans and Iranians, in the end it could not fence them off, and was exhausted. This is when its Russian “ally” annexed it.
5:44 This map is wrong. That is not the Sassanid Empire (They never conquered Europe). Also, Seljuk is pronounced Seldzuk, not Seliuk (That one hurt my ears). Go do better research.
@@zafergokselkaraaslan2055 Thanks. My own name starts with a J. In English, John is not pronounced Ion. In some languages J is a semi-vowel and not a consonant so I understand the mistake, but it's not acceptable in a channel that tries to take themselves seriously.
Seeking a protectorate of Russia didn't go well in the beginning either, Russia betrayed Erekle II multiple times leaving him alone against both the Ottomans and Persians, particularly in 1795 when Persians destroyed Tbilisi and Russians left a few days before the full-scale invasion of Georgia. When Erekle II died Russians broke the agreement completely and annexed Georgia. "Triggered by Georgia military operation" is wrong. Georgia didn't initiate or start anything, Russians were shooting at Georgians for months and Georgia didn't answer, Georgia only answered when on August 7 Russian army crossed the Georgian international border, so it was Russia and only Russia that started everything. 1.5 million Russians didn't move to Georgia. 1.5 million Russians went through Georgia to Turkey, Serbia, Thailand and many other countries, only 250,000 Russians remained in Georgia for some time and that number decreased to 150,000 by 2024. So that's wrong. Also, Georgian parliament today = Georgian government, which is ruled by one Russian-Georgian oligarch so no wonder he support pro-Russian things.
@@royalmaster1120Armenians are Indo-Europeans and more Anatolian than Caucasian, and azers are turks. So no, theyre not actually caucasians. Their languages, ethnicities and cultures aren't Caucasian.
Georgians, Chechens, Ingushs, Circassians and some Dagestan peoples are natives of Caucasus. German scientist said in 19 c., white race comes from there
This was so eye opening. Russia has been on a roll for years trying to take land they lost when their empire fell. Russia will keep this up with their neighbors forever. Thanks for letting us know about the new geography of Georgia. It is a beautiful country. We all this need this information.
Thank you for your work. I have to say that Georgia is not one of the oldest wine producing regions in the world, but it is the oldest wine producing country. The word wine (vino, Wein.. etc.) originates from Georgian word gvino (ღვინო).
Thumbs up and thanks from a Georgian for this amazing video! Btw, it is Georgian legend thet when God was distributing lands for nations, Georgians were feasting and were late,. Finally, upon arrival, they told God that they had been drinking God-given wine and making toasts to God's name. God was pleased and since there were no more land left, He gave Georgians the land he had kept for himself.
Georgia isn't just "one of the" oldest or "one of the most" important in wine production history. Wine was literally invented within the lands of modern Georgia and Turkey.
Transcaucasia in general is gorgeous. From Black sea to the Caspian sea, the region is full of amazing people, mountains, flora and fauna, forests, steppes and many more. People are hospitable, cities are amazing just like Baku, Tbilisi, Gandzha, Kutaisi and many more. Transcaucasia just locates in a very attractive for Empires geopolitical location.
@@gagaliqokelinahhh we only steal turkish and azerbaijani turkish culture. At least thats what they say. Stealing Christianity was the first thing we did from turks.
Kura river is not navigable because of its depth and mountainous terrain of the Caucasus, although the Black and Caspian seas are already connected via Volga-Don canal in Volgograd (former Stalingrad) in Russia
As a Georgian, I would mention some specific areas of the history in a slightly different way. However, by and large, it's genuinely interesting, simplified and can serve as a useful resource for non-Georgians interested in our long-term and intricate history. Thank you.
Geoff, like others, enjoyed this, but a little more explanation of the geography and its shaping of why, even once conquered, despite the advances in technology over the ages, how has this amazing state, culture and distinct people endured? I didn't feel I got that answer. You were also drifting to a political, versus a geographical emphasis, towards the end. Were you saying, for example, that before the recent Russian population became millions, it was the fact a continued Georgian core populace and its continued existence that was the reason why the country has re-emerged time and again?
The initial Russian influx was caused by the initial panic in Russia over conscription, many of those Russians have since gone back. Even more of those Russians were using Georgia as a temporary place to stay before they went to Turkey or Europe. So right now there are about 300-400k Russians left in Georgia, which is still a lot considering the Georgian population. As for the reason the country re-emerged many times, there are many factors from brilliant military strategists and diplomats to country being difficult to control due to geography. But the biggest factor is the culture and religion of Georgia. Georgia was the last bastion of Christianity in Muslim dominated region for centuries (Alexandre Dumas wrote that the reason Vienna stands as Christian today is because Tbilisi held strong against forces of Islam), and their resistance to forced Islamisation is the biggest reason they kept their own identity, historical events such as Hundred Thousand Martyrs of Tbilisi show that very clearly, Georgians chose death (even sacrificed their loved ones) over converting to Islam. Language is another massive factor, Georgian is one of the most unique languages in the world, and probably the biggest source of their unique identity since it's one of the most complex and difficult languages to learn and nobody else speaks it but Georgians. It was always easy for them to organise groups of resistance and have clear and secure communication.
And most people don't even realize that Jason & the Argonauts came to the Colchis to retrieve the Golden Fleece. Absolutely great video Geoff. I love your videos. I've always been the kind of kid to well, adult that can get completely lost just staring at a map. Georgia has always been of interest to me. Mostly because of it's all out beauty. Frankly Switzerland's alpine meadows don't hold a candle to Georgia's alpine meadows.
Whilst I'm inclined to agree, I will also say that Armenians have a millennia old history of quarrelling with Georgia on ''who's the better country'' and so on.
@@NickAndriadze True, but most people also forget that during the Georgian Empire, Armenia was actually a semi-independent state which Georgia treated very fairly and equally. When the Georgian Monarch (I think Tamara but I might be wrong?) called up people for war, she called Megrelians, Kakhetians, Svans, Imeretians and Armenians as well. The Georgian Empire was a strongly Christian state. Let's never forget that when the Iranian-Turks invaded Ani and killed 12,000 Armenian Christians, Georgia responded by invading Persia and killing 12,000 Muslims. -- There was a time when Georgia and Armenia were like Scotland and Ireland, but they fell prey to outsider influence and ridiculous, childish bickering. I'm half Megrelian half Armenian, but I look at both sides bickering and it just annoys me.
@@GuyIncognito_ Yeah i strongly agree, to me this whole childish bickering started when the russian empire started settling armenians into javakheti. For some reason after that, the armenians started claiming javakheti as their own and part of the whole greater armenia, this whole thing started a long conflict, ranging from small uprisings to a full scale war between us. I feel like this whole conflict wouldnt even exist if russian empire wasnt doing stupid ass settlements.
@@sab1878 The idea that 'Russia started settling Armenians in Javakheti" is ridiculous. Armenians and Georgians have lived in the same region next to each other for 4000 years and the border between Georgia and Armenia moved up and down by 50 miles every second month depending on which monarch did what and which line Rome and Persia drew at whichever peace-treaty, with Georgia and Armenia often having little say. I think Georgia or Armenia saying "THIS IS MINE!" 100% is stupid, because people living prior to 1850 did not think about borders in the same way we do today. Georgians and Armenians prior to Russian Expansion probably gave absolutely no shit over who 'ruled' the area, as long as they were Christian, didn't over-tax them and didn't abuse their women. Naturally, there was going to be settlement on both sides of any border which was never going to be static. Georgians also settled in larger numbers in Lori and even in the city of Ani prior to its downfall. It's just that the Georgians eventually left because Armenia is largely a failed/failing state, whereas Georgia is more stable so the Armenians stayed. I'm no sympathizer of the Russian Empire, but do you really think 4000 years of history and Kartvelians and Armenians are saying "Better be careful not to cross this line bro, people in the future will get pissed" More like they'd say "Do you love Christ? Me too brother, come settle here."
It’s BC/AD. Not BCE/CE. I’m tired of these channels trying to rewrite history by changing terms. There is no respectable historian who uses CE. I have a masters in European history, every professor, every aide, and every source material use BC/AD.
These crossroads or border regions are always very interesting to me. They change hands all the time as different empires rise and fall, leaving imprints on the local culture while also absorbing bits of that local culture and spreading it around.
Yes it is and it has been for hundreds of years. It was briefly given to the Soviet Socialist Republic of Ukraine by the Russians alongside a bunch of other Russian territory. Russia decided to take it back. It was theirs in the first place. Your warped version of history does not align with historical reality.
@@scarab0bBy the same logic, that you continued, the half of Europe belongs to Russia. This not the right logic at all, wars and gifts(with the agreements) completely different
@@podi1555 If you call whole history last 200 years, then maybe. Actually, Crimea was part of Russian Empire jus for some 100 year or so and because Russian empire occupied it back then
A war in 2008 was not triggered by a Georgian military operation in the region, it was triggered by the separatist forces who were shelling border villages for weeks before the initial invasion
Georgia is really one of those tragic stories of a beautiful, near-powerful nation that was robbed during its ascendence by the Mongols and later Timur.
"to punish Georgians for Baghdad" to this day is not a history for many.
after Crusaiders, who also claim "Jesus is Christ, the Messiah", just as Muslims do, allied with pagans against us - it was a betray and shock, thus instead of icy fruits and speech of Saladin they since heard only roaring of Mamluks, seeking a breach in the wall.
Betray of Georgians is doubled, for they was overpowered, and could be cut, their property taken, and their daughters and wives enslaved, as if they were pagans - but they held their lifes, property and freedom only by claiming to believe 'Jesus is Christ'.
And betray of Georgians tripled - they gave oath not to fight AGAINST Muslims, since they not forced to fight FOR Muslims, and neither income nor wealth was taxed, but compensation for excemption from military duty, jizya payed only by military aged men.
Yet they are noble people, and we never expect lie from each other, as we never expect truth from Russians.
@aidanbarrett9313 this happened when? 10 years ago? 50 years ago? 100 years ago? No, stop feeling blaming your problems things which happened a 1000 years ago.
@@shen_baba Ignorant, there is no century when Georgia didn`t have to fight to survive, even right now they are at war against number 2 strongest military (Russia).
What really messed up Georgia after the Mongols was black plague, after 150 years of Mongol rule, they managed to restore most of their territory before the invasion and right at that point boom.
@@shen_baba it was their fault lmao. Mongols and Timurids destroyed all hopes of ascendacy since mongols and timurids were replaced with Russia, Ottomans and Persians. Yeah, two empires were replaced by three empires that desired the Caucasian lands, so yes, they are to be blamed for the fact that Georgia couldn't resist any of the three empires.
Georgia is not one of the oldest wine-producing region in the world.
Georgia is the FIRST and the oldest wine-producing region in the world.
Georgia is the Homeland of wine. and particularly that region - Kakheti, that you mentioned.
Here are some stories about Georgians:
Georgians have their own language family (like Indo-European language family and Afro-Asiatic language family): It is Kartvelian language family (or South Caucasian language family). This family has 4 languages: Kartuli (Georgian), Mingrelian, Lazic and Svan languages. This language family is older, than Indo-European and as old as Afro-Asiatic.
Georgian language has 3 Alphabets: Asomtavruli, Nuskhuri, Mkhedruli.
Kartvelian peoples (Georgian people) was formed by the assimilation of 2 anrchaeogenetic linages: Caucasus Hunter-gatherers (J2a haplogroup) and Anatolian Farmers (G2a haplogroup).
Georgian's relative peoples were: Minoan Cretans, Pelasgians, Sumerians, Hurrians and Hattic peoples. The First Georgian tribal states appeared from 15th century BC, these were: Diaeuhi, Colchis and many others. In Urartu, there were 2 major Georgian tribes: Mushki and Colchians. In Nairi confederation, Georgian state Tao (Diaokhi, Diaeuhi) was the central power.
Georgians (Kingdom of Iberia / Kingdom of Kartli) became Christian officially in 326 AD. Then in the 8th century great war started with the Muslim world and we faught hundreds of great wars against them for 1000 years, until we became part of Russia in the 19th century.
Russian Geographer about Georgians:
"Europe, and especially Russia, has not yet realized how important historical mission Georgia has fulfilled in the face of European Christianity, through its centuries-long suffering, its devotional battles. The Georgian nation is a truly crusader nation. In a bloody war against the Muslims, this nation has not lost a sword for more than a thousand years, and if the Christian cross had not been embroidered on the clothes of many of them, it would have been embroidered in the heart of every Georgian.
Thus, Georgia became a stronghold of Christianity for Europe, receiving the first and most terrible blows. This little ally of Europe has done a great historical service to the security of the continent.
In spite of everything, this nation has retained its beauty, language, customs, traditions and of course, faith.
The great Islamic states of the East have repeatedly turned their energy and fanaticism to the unshakable chest of little Georgia, and although their claws still reached the Caucasian peoples of northern Caucasus and managed to convert most of them to Islam, the Georgians themselves remained Christians and did not convert to Islam.
The crosses of the temples of Christian Georgia were rising higher and higher, hiding in the middle, fortifying themselves stronger in the mountains, but still they continued to shine. "And still the Islamic Golden Crescent remained at the foot of the Georgian temples, but it was always proudly overlooked by the Christian cross."
"Crusader Nation" - from the book by Russian geographer Yevgeny Markov - "Essays on the Caucasus".
“If not Tbilisi, there might be standing a mosque in stead of church in Vienna, as Jalal Ad-Dins, Genghis Khans and other Eastern Sultans and Shahs were crashed exactly on Tbilisi Citadel. Tbilisi stood, as European fortress from where enemies of the whole Christianity could only reach Europe weakened and emptied from blood.”
Tbilisi has fallen a hundred times and it is amazing !!! Resurrected for the hundredth time! The conquering invaders - the armies of Rome and Byzantium, the Arabs, the Persians and the Turks, the Mongols or any other barbarian tribes - were destroying the capital and it would rise again from the ashes as a buffer that would slow down, weaken the mightiest darts! "This is how Tbilisi fought, this is how it was beaten, even for Vienna, even for Western Europe ... Even after Giorgi Saakadze - this People's Greatest Duke, under the command of 300 Aragvians, who guarded the gates of Georgia like lions, until they were exalted by the shout of the barbarians - Allahu Akbar! ..."
Karl Hugo Huppert (1902-1982).
William Allen about Georgians
"There is one interesting element in the character of Georgians - individualistic irresponsibility, which is reminiscent of the national character of the Spaniards and Irish, and which can also be called aesthetic irresponsibility. This people sometimes were under the influence of the foreign powers domination, but they did not take it seriously, and after the decline of that power, they retained their former character.
It would not be right to say that they did not oppose such domination. They often had furious resistance, but it was the resistance of a living organism and not a struggle for any idea. The history of Georgia, like that of Spain and Ireland, shows that here the nation was regarded as the highest sanctity and not this or that principle or religion. And if any of these were involved in a religious war, we find that the reason for the struggle for the faith was a national (racial and cultural) interest.
In this "aesthetic irresponsibility" of Georgians lies their national charm. And the secret of their survival as a strictly individualistic nation. "In Georgians, both in the people and in individuals, a well-developed intellect and a clear, curious mind go hand in hand with the immorality and indomitability of primitive man."
William Edward David Allen (1901-1973) - English historian, Kartvelologist. "History of the Georgian people";
The White race is called "Caucasian race" in the name of Georgians
«Caucasian variety. I have taken the name of this variety from Mount Caucasus, both because its neighborhood, and especially its southern slope, produces the most beautiful race of men, I mean the Georgian; ... The Georgians belong to the most beautiful nations in the world. Everywhere, at any place, there can be seen tall men and slender women with noble faces, attractive features and large beautiful eyes........., Georgians are considered to be among the bravest and the most honest nations in the world; like all other Caucasian nations, they are also hospitable and reliable, as reliable, as their sabers are, and as swift and flexible, as their stallions, courageous in warfare and kind and soft-hearted at their homes. These people produces the most beautiful form of the skull, from which, as from a mean and primeval type, the others diverge... Besides, it is white in color, which we may fairly assume to be the primitive color of mankind and because ... in that region, if anywhere, it seems we ought with the greatest probability to place the autochthones of mankind.»
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752-1840)
The German anthropologist, physician, naturalist, physiologist, historian and bibliographer, Johann Friedrich Blumenbach is generally regarded as the founder of physical and scientific anthropology. He first used the word ”race” in 1775 to classify humans into five divisions: Caucasian, Mongolian, Ethiopian, American, and Malay.
How were Europeans formed? - Very briefly
1. First, the people of the R haplogroup became the Siberian aborigines, aka "Ancient North Eurasians".
2. In the same period, J2a and J1 were formed as aboriginal Caucasians. And in Anatolia, this branch G2a (which later migrated to Europe from 6500 BC and became the dominant people of Europe - they are called "early European farmers").
3. Then, around 10,000 BC, some Siberian aborigines migrated and mixed with aboriginal Caucasians. As a result of this mixing, a new race arose: "Caucasian hunter-gatherers", who were up to 80% aboriginal Caucasian and 20% aboriginal Siberian genetics.
4. Then, From around 4500 BC, aboriginal Siberians moved to the European part of Russia. Here they met the European aborigines (western hunter-gatherers who were a division of the J haplogroup of the Caucasians - I haplogroup) and by mixing these two, a new people arose - the Eastern European hunter-gatherers.
A Siberian aborigine interbred with a Western European aborigine in the European territory of Russia - resulting in a hybrid people called Eastern European hunter-gatherers.
This Eastern European hunter-gatherers were genetically 75% Siberian aborigine (ie, ancient North Eurasian) and 25% genetically Western European hunter-gatherer.
These Eastern European hunter-gatherers then interbred with Kura-Araxes culture's people (i.e. proto-Georgians, i.e. the descendants of Caucasian hunter-gatherers, Caucasian aborigines) and we got the first Indo-Europeans (the same "the western steppe herders").
These western steppe herders were genetically 46% Eastern European hunter-gatherers and 54% Proto-Georgian or "Caucasian hunter-gatherers".
All this happened in the European part of Russia.
5. Then, by 3000 BC, the first European agriculturists, or a division of aboriginal Caucasians - G2a people - aboriginal Anatolians, came to southern Russia from Europe. And 15% genetics were added to the first Indo-Europeans.
6. Before the first Indo-Europeans began to spread, during their stay in southern Russia, that is, at the place of origin, they were 15% genetically aboriginal Anatolians (Caucasus-related), 54% Caucasian hunter-gatherers (Caucasus aboroginals) and the rest - 31% Eastern European hunter-gatherers. If we take into account that Caucasian hunter-gatherers already had 20% Siberian genetics due to the above-mentioned mixing, and Eastern European hunter-gatherers had approximately the same amount (up to 25%) of Western European hunter-gatherer genetics, overall pure Siberian genetics in the first In Indo-Europeans it would rise to a maximum - was 30%, and pure Caucasus-Anatolian aboriginals (Caucasian-Anatolian and Western European) - was approx. 70%.
7. But then the main thing happens. Then the Caucasus-Siberian mix - Proto-Indo-Europeans spread to Europe and found that continent full of G2a people - aboriginal Anatolians, Early European farmers (Caucasus-related) and mixed with them completely. So much so that the autosomal genetics of today's southern Europeans (from Spain to Turkey) is 80% - that of early European farmers, aka aboriginal Anatolians (Caucasus-related). Added to this is the Indo-European genome already formed by fusion with Proto-Caucasians.
Also in Europe there were Cro-Magnons of haplogroup I and Europeans have their genetics. Haplogroup I was a direct branch of haplogroup J. One people it was, and the paternal genome of the period of unity of these 2 brother branches is referred to as - the IJ haplogroup. People I and J were one race and one kin.
We can say that basically, autosomally Europe (including Russia of course) is "Great Caucasus".
Pre-historic Cultures and Historic independent states of Georgia:
∎ Oldowan industry (Afro-Eurasia, Georgia, Dmanisi - Homo Georgicus) - 2.6 - 1.7 Million years BC.
∎ Acheulean industry (Caucasus, Western Europe) - 1.8 Million - 130,000 years BC.
∎ Mousterian industry - 130,000 - 42,000 BC.
∎ Baradostian culture (Caucasus and Zagros) - 36,000 - 18,000 BC.
∎ Trialetian culture (South Caucasus, Caucasus Hunter-gatherers) - 14,000 - 6500 BC.
∎ Shulaveri culture (whole south Caucasus) - 6500-4350 BC.
in 6500-5000 BC its population had haplogroups: J2, J1, G2a, T1a, R1b.
in 5000-4350 BC - J2a, G2a, J1 (R1b, T1a).
Sioni culture (Georgia) - 4500-4000 BC.
∎ Kura-Araxes culture (Whole South Caucasus, Mesopotamia) - 4000 - 2200 BC.
in 4000-3500 BC its population was: J2, J1, G2a, (R1b, I2c).
in 3500-3000 BC - J2, J1, G2a, T1a, L1b (R1b, I2c).
in 3000-2200 BC - J2a, J1, G2a, T1a, L1b.
∎ Colchis culture (Western Georgia, Anatolia) - 2700 - 1300 BC. G2a, J2, J1, (R1b).
∎ Trialeti culture (South Caucasus, Georgia, Armenia, Mesopotamia, Anatolia) - 2200 - 1300 BC. G2a, J1, J2a, R1b.
Khorochoi culture (North-East Caucasus) - 1800 - 1100 BC. J2, J1, (G2a).
Did you know that Georgians and Hurrites created the first confederations in the history of mankind? All four of the first 4 confederations are Georgian-Hurrian
∎ Hayasa-Azzi / Khayasa-Azi / Khayasha-Azi - Confederation of Independent States (South Caucasus - Eastern Anatolia) - confederation of states of Georgian and Hurrian or only Georgian aboriginal Caucasians. existed from the beginning of the 14th century BC. in 1400-1290 BC. Created to fight the Hittite Empire.
∎ Nairi states / Nairi confederation - 1400-1000 BC. A confederation of dozens of proto-Georgian and Hurrian states in the South Caucasus and Mesopotamia, formed to fight the Assyrian Empire.
∎ Etiuni states / Etiuni confederation - 1400-860 BC. A confederation of many proto-Georgian and Hurrian states in the South Caucasus.
∎ Assuwa - 14th Century BC - A confederation of 22 states in Anatolia formed to fight the Hittite Empire.
∎ Didnauri city-state (Eastern Georgia) - 1300 - 1200 BC.
∎ Ior-Alazani culture (Eastern Georgia) - 13th century - 400 BC.
∎ Kingdom of Colchis (Western Georgia) - 1250-164 BC.
∎ Kingdom of Diauehi / Diaokhi (Southern Georgia, Eastern Turkey) - 1200-760 BC.
∎ Kingdom of Viterokhi (Southern Georgia) - approx. 1200-550 BC.
∎ Kingdom of Zabakha (Georgia) - approx. 1100 - 650 BC.
∎ Koban culture (North Georgia, North-East Caucasus) - 1100 - 400 BC. J2, G2a, J1, (R1b).
∎ Kingdom of Guriana or Kuriani (Caucasus, Eastern Georgia) - approx. 1000-550 BC.
∎ Kingdom of Iberia (South Caucasus) - 400 BC - 580 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Pontus (South Caucasus, Eastern Turkey) - 281 BC - 62 AD. R1b, G2a, J2a, E1b1.
∎ Alazan-Yaloilutepe Culture - approx. 2nd century BC - 1st century AD.
∎ Tsebelda culture - 1-500 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Lazica / Kingdom of Lazeti - 131-697 AD.
∎ Principality of Iberia - 588-1008 AD.
∎ Emirate of Tbilisi - 736-1122 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Abkhazia - 778-1008 AD.
∎ Principality of Kakheti - 787-1037 AD.
∎ Principality of Hereti - 787-893 AD.
∎ Duchy of Kldekari (876-1103) - de facto independent Georgian entity.
∎ Kingdom of Tao-Klarjeti, also called as Kingdom of Kartvelians - 888-1008 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Hereti - 893-1008 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Lore also called as Lori, or Tashir-Dzoraget - 979-1118 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Georgia - 1008-1490 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti - 1020-1104 AD.
∎ Duchy of Racha (1050-1789) - de facto independent Georgian entity.
∎ Empire of Trebizond - 1204-1461 AD.
∎ Samtskhe-Saatabago / Samtskhe Atabegate / Principality of Samtskhe - 1266-1625 AD.
∎ Duchy of Aragvi (1380-1747) - de facto independent Georgian entity.
∎ Principality of Svaneti - 1460-1857 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Imereti - 1463-1810 AD.
∎ Principality of Guria - 1463-1829 AD.
∎ Principality of Abkhazia- 1463-1864 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Kakheti - 1465-1762 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Kartli - 1478-1762 AD.
∎ Duchy of Ksani (15th c.-1801) - de facto independent Georgian entity.
∎ Principality of Mingrelia - 1557-1867 AD.
∎ Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti - 1762-1801 AD.
∎ Republic of Guria - 1905-1906 AD.
∎ Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic - 1918 AD.
∎ Democratic Republic of Georgia - 1918-1921 AD.
∎ Socialist Republic of Georgia - from February 1921 to March 12, 1922.
∎ Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic - March 12, 1922 - December 5, 1936.
∎ Georgia - 1991-present.
georgia is the best country
@@Luka-2012ow It only needs to become prosperous economically. and this is impossible if it has not good relation with neighbors. So, Georgia needs negotiations with Russia to achieve long term peace, development and unification with Abkhazia and Samachablo regions.
Abkhazia and South Ossetia are Georgian territory 🇺🇸🤝🇬🇪
Alaska is Russian territory.
@@familygash7500 and $7 Million was good money in 1867
@@familygash7500 Kaliningrad is German territory Crimea Donetsk and Luhansk are Ukrainian territory Outer Manchuria is Chinese territory Kuril Islands are Japanese territory. Anything else?
Then why are you calling it "south ossetia?" Are you affirming rhat it's actually a land of the ossetians? That'd give us Georgians no real right to rule it. Its not an ossetian land, though. It has always been Georgian, and it's called Samachablo, "south ossetia" is a term commies made up just because there was an ossetian minority living there, unfortunately for us
@@Tomahawk.01 North Caucasus belongs to the local Caucasians as well, mate. Don't forget about that.
Fun fact dynasty of Bagrationi is Europe’s longest ruling dynasty, Ioseb Jugashvili, Aka “Joseph Stalin was Georgian, Chief of Nkvd lavrenti Beria, who stole USA’s nuclear program, Alexander kartvelishvili, person who designed P-47 fighter, Giorgi Balanchivadze aka “George balancini” founder of New York ballet, Eduard Shevardnadze the guy who was main persona in collapse of Berlin’s wall. One of my favorites Lieutenant. Colonel Dimitri Amilakhvari, who was one of the first who started fighting against navy germany to free France with his close friend president Charles de Gaulle
Frankly concept and design of Fairchild A-10 Thunderbolt II also belongs to Alexander Kartveli, and it's Soviet competitor the Su25 was built in Factory 31, in Tbilisi, Georgia.
Yeah great now write that comment throughout the internet nobody gives a f and it is cringe as f to yap about random non factual events
@@dkurt2725 Damn, Kurt why so much hate? No one asked about your opinion, nice name btw are you German?
@@dkurt2725 go see the psychologist, the only cringe here is you
@@Lt.colonel Meliton Kantaria, georgian who was of the group that raised the Soviet flag over the Reichstag in 1945.
Very interesting, good job! საქართველოს გაუმარჯოს!
@@kilpolo bro i swear i thought you were smashing ur keyboard or something💀🙏
ძმას ვენაცვალე❤
გამარჯობა ქართველო
შენ გენაცვალე ❤❤❤
That our georgian boy!!
I’m a Georgian who grew up in the US and I’ve been watching your videos for years. As soon as I saw this pop up I got so excited. Thank you
georgian kid who moved to jersey at the age of 10, 5 years ago. i want to graduate in an american college and take advantage of the career oppurtunities, but once thats done i want to live the rest of my life in saqartvelo. i know i may sound stupid but i feel like ive been stripped of all my family and culture just to come here. the standard of living isnt noticeably different either, georgia is a pretty developed country.
@@fateenergy1360 same here zmao I moved here 22 years ago when I was 9. Went to college, got a couple degrees, just married a Georgian girl last year and plan on living back in saqartvelo and the states
@@fateenergy1360 As a Georgian living in Georgia, I advise against it unless you can land a pretty good job before moving and have good income, then, Georgia is a great country to live in.
@@fateenergy1360 Make sure you are solid financially before moving back to your homeland brotherman. Or you can always strife to strengthen our diaspora in the US :)
Georgian living in Georgia (US State).
Greetings to our Georgian brothers, from Sofia!
A video for Bulgaria will be interesting.
What about sisters :)?
8:15 after signin an agreement with Russia for protection, there has been 3 invasions of Georgia and Russia didn't provide any support.
in 1785 and in 1800 there was Mokhisi and Niakhuri battles, where Russians helped us. After Ottoman occupation of adjaria and samtkhe during 300 years, in 1878 Ad Russian Army captured these terriotories and after 300 years of islamid dictatorship adjarians and Samtkheans returned back. Also During erekle 2 population of Georgia was 500 000 people, after 1991 Georgians were 5 500 000, it's 11x increased in population. Lets sum: 1) Georgia united because of help of russia 2) Georgian population was decreased during Muslim attacks 22 times, and increase 11x times during Russian rule 3) Brought lost territories back(Adjaria and Samtkhe) and many other lost territories. 4) During Soviet Rule, in 70-80 Georgia was richest in it's history where was production of Trains, Planes and other factories what made cultural boom.
@@gputkaradze9873You comment is in a way accurate and in many ways laughably inaccurate. 500000 people during Erekle II was normal for a country of that size in those years, all countries had much smaller populations... however this does not cover annexation of Georgia by Russian empire, also invasion of Georgia by Commies in 1921 and all the insane crap that the country had to go thrugh under Soviets and during "liberal" russia of yeltsin period in 90s and during dystopian dictatorship under putin.
@@gputkaradze9873 Yes, sure. They also helped us a lot, during Aphkazia and Tskhinvali wars 🙂
@@gputkaradze9873 what about assimilation,language,Independent and 1937,1941,do you know how many Georgians have died?
@@gputkaradze9873მასე ნებისმიერს რო დავეპყარით მაინც გავმრავლდებოდით მაგ პერიოდში
7:12 Queen Tamar❌ King Tamar✅
queen არის სწორი ინგლისურად
@@CounterTerorist tamars mefed movixseniebt amitomac king tamar
@@CounterTerorist Tamar wasnot acknowledged as queen but as a king. noone says Tamar Queen but they say Tamar King - თამარ მეფე✅ თამარ დედოფალი❌
@@Patriot-0 მე მაინც მუ მიწერ ინგლისურად ქართველი ხარ😀მერე მაგათთან არ არის მეფე გაიგე რა მაგრად კიდიათ…ეგ მხოლოდ ჩვემთანაა ქალსაც კაცსაც მეფეს უწიდებენ იქ არა…მიდი და უმტკიცე ახლა🤣
მაგათ რომ კიდიათ იმას არ ნიშნავს რომ უნდა აყვე, როგორც არის მიღებული ჩვენს ისტორიაში და კულტურაში ისე უნდა გადასცე, თუ შენივე ისტორია არიე იმიტომ რომ სხვებს უკეთ გააგებინო პრობლემა შენ გამოდიხარ და არა სხვები!
It's always good to see Georgia mentioned in videos but bud, you got whole lots of stuff wrong. Especially at 10:57 - War wasn't triggered by Georgian operation, please, never make that same mistake again - It's existential for Georgia and Georgians.
@@doping5272 Then what caused it? Or do you not trust the monitoring groups of western countries?
@@doping5272 10000%
+1 with 500k subscriber channel its not acceptable to make such kind of mistakes.
All Georgians, Do report for spreading Misinformation at 10:57 it needs to be removed or edited here !
Georgia started the war without any justification. This was established by the OSCE.
Great video, thank you!
Thank you so much for the super! I really appreciate it!
@IBW8 probably when u donate
It is almost miracle that Georgia survived all those invasions
@@ninajanashia3903 It's not a miracle, it's approvement of the god existence
Survived by God’s grace
we are fightin since we’re born, we aren’t survivals, we are fucking warriors!
Warriors💪People🇬🇪
Georgia has one of the most complicated history.
Any conflict, any major historical event, somewhere you can find a Georgian standing there
@@akaking7499 fr
ჩემი ხატია სამშობლო,
სახატე მთელი ქვეყანა,
განათებული მთა-ბარი,
წილნაყარია ღმერთთანა.
თავისუფლება დღეს ჩვენი
მომავალს უმღერს დიდებას,
ცისკრის ვარსკვლავი ამოდის
ამოდის და ორ ზღვას შუა ბრწყინდება,
და დიდება თავისუფლებას,
თავისუფლებას დიდება!
You don't have the eastern sea tho. Otherwise pleasant prose.
@@bryant-fr7sr the two seas mentioned are the caspian "sea" and the black sea and georgia is nezzeled between them which is what this hymn says ❤
Inferior anthem compared to our previous one "დიდება."
strong words
We are nothing with out our homelands
Georgia is where Jason and the Argonauts acquired the golden fleece. Also Stalin was from Georgia.
there was not even word "georgia" invented during the time of argonauts, let alone country.
argonauts went to colchis. georgianization of neighboring kingdoms happened later in medieval period.
@@C43S4R3colchis was proto georgian kingdom even thos term Georgia was not used yet
@@C43S4R3Lol whaat? 😂 It is like telling Italians that Rome is not Italy because it was Rome 😂 Colchians (The collective term for early Kartvelian tribes) and Laz were and are Georgians (Kartvelians). They were talking in Georgian and they still live in Georgia. Phazisi (Poti) is still Georgia.
@@C43S4R3oh sorry that we changed our name,turks were allways turks right ? or u don't consider turkcs ottomans?
@@C43S4R3 Colchis was Proto-Karto-Zan speaking, the common ancestor of Georgian, Mingrelian and Laz. Karto-Zan-speakers/Colchians expanded eastwards, developed into Georgians and founded Iberia. Colchis' succesor, Lazica, was Proto-Zan speaking, common ancestor of Laz and Mingrelian. In medieval times, Georgians' westward migration and partial assimilation of Zan-speakers took place. Ancient Colchis, being Proto-Karto-Zan, is definitely Proto-Georgian in that regard. BTW, the other replies are BS.
Great video, I really like you and your channel. This was a little different but I think you should continue to weave in the geography and geopolitical issues into your information, very much enjoyed.
They've also got some great arm wrestlers.
also wrestlers, judokas, MMA fighters and weightlifters
Actually we are great at strength dominating sports 😃
10:55 We did not start the war!🇬🇪
Russia started the 2008 war, my father literally fought there
@@dat_o1 You should find the report of the European Commission, which investigated the events of 2008. So, this report says that Georgia was the aggressor that attacked South Ossetia. 1,500 civilians of Tskhinvali and dozens of Russian peacekeepers were killed.
@@Tonik-13@Tonik-13 my friend,
1. You can see the final report. Still in a big political game, West considered it better to make Georfia starter initially. When they saw, Russian invasion of Ukraine. They made amends and didn't hide, but promulgated the true narrative.
2. Russian peacekeepers - Funnies joke that never disappoints 😂
@@tsotnesichinava6702 The final report speaks of excessive use of force, but this is a subjective opinion. Most importantly, Georgia was recognized as the aggressor and the use of force against the aggressor was justified. Russian peacekeepers were there according to the mandate of the UN Security Council. The Russian invasion of Ukraine also has a legitimate basis.
@@Tonik-13 dude. Thats the opposite, the investigation results said that russa was agressor, I think youre reading russian fake news
Kura isn't the longest river in Georgia. The longest one is the Alazani River, approximately 380km. Also, there are not 1.5 million Russians in Georgia. Most used Georgia as a transit point to Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Turkey. Nowadays in Georgia, there are around 100 000 - 150 000 Russians.
still a lot :)
@@bacho84303 Yes a lot, but comparing with 1.5 million and 150 000 is a big difference.
@@IberianKnight *150 001 Russians, they forgot to count me again
@hallow103 yea
Yes your numbers look correct, but I think the numbers have fallen a lot since 2023, you don't see half as many Russian cars now in Tbilisi. There are probably about 10-15k Belarusians. They are nearly all in their 20's and 30's and well educated. The long stayers are mostly software developers and have a very positive effect on the economy unlike immigrants in the Western countries. So Tbilisi now has a wealth of IT talent since 2022. I employ 2 Belarusians. The result is the economy is growing 7-10% a year since 2022, 2x any EU country, but Georgians seem determined to swap Soviet Union for European Union complete with unelected Commissioners (Kommissars). EU is a Cargo cult in Georgia.
What a nice irrigated fertile valley you have there, surrounded by excellent geographic defensive formations like high mointains and a sea. Hate to see anything happen to it.
king tamar humbled every man in histroy :D in her era lmao. untill she was alive, nobody managed to even dare and attack georgia. strongest female ruler humanity has ever seen
Georgia has so many better kings Tamar doesnt even compare
Incorrect. Tamar does not come close to the strongest female ruler humanity has ever seen. Just to name a few: Hatshepsut, Tawosret, Cleopatra, Boudica. These were the strongest female rulers ever. Tamar is not close.
@@Bardeu ahhahaha good joke
@@Bardeu cleopatara was was a puppet and used her beauty and after that killed herself while she failed king tamar did not fail and di what no other woman did on her own without any mans help :d
@@Bardeu check who was she fighthing agaist and how big her army was maybe? lmao
Great video, hank you! Just need to highlight one factual error which is quite important - Georgian military operation in Tskhinvali Region (so called South Ossetia) was launched as a response to the mass crossing of Russian army forces across the Caucasus into Georgia, the day after they started moving in, to stop their advancement.
Georgia started the war without any justification. This was established by the OSCE.
You can bullshit the westerners, but not ossetians. We know the russian army crossed the border after the bombing of Tskhinval started.
Reallifelore but less yapping
True, but I also like watching his dramatic tone, its good story telling.
more like to-the-point esque
Real life lore too propagandic these days
@@vinny7114 facts
I absolutely love the people of Georgia. Geoff, you should come spend some time here.
The Geopolitical importance of the so called ''middle corridor'' can not be understated, after all it's the passing area of the silk road and many other important eurasian magistrals. It's the tragic tale of a relatively small country residing in one of the most crucial gateways of the world, one that every big empire in the world wants to control. I am a Georgian and am personally proud of how my country managed to survive with its culture mostly unscathed, resisting empires sometimes HUNDREDS of times larger, but I am also incredibly pitiful of it, knowing how much more powerful and culturally significant it would have been if not for the greed of the different world superpowers. But I shouldn't complain that much. All these superpowers crashed and burned over the centuries, mostly out of their very greed, and Georgia managed to survive, even if as a husk of its theoretical self. Rome and Persia, Umayyads and the Byzantines, Ottommans, Safavids and the Tsarist Russia, *we outlived them all!*
There's a reason why historians call Georgia the graveyard of empires. They get greedy and bite off more than they can chew and fall apart completely
Georgia or as it was then called the Kingdom of Kartli was located at the crossroads between two seas, the Black and Caspian, and whoever controlled this trade corridor dictated their own in the region. Twelve empires came there to fight for this land and this strategic corridor, and the peoples inhabiting it suffered. That is why the national clothing of Georgian men and Caucasians is essentially a military uniform.
Georgia is my favorite caucasian country,i love Georgia and its delicious ,astonishing food.
Which other caucasian countries do you know? I'm asking seriously
Armenia ,azerbaijan .@@mariambe1527
@mariambe1527 where are you from and why this question,I am curious.
@@Dani2kGaming_GEIR who told you that these countries are C.C . ? Especially Azerbaijans? They are Turkic . They have nothing caucasian.
@mariambe1527 they have Iranian-caucasian DNA,it's just their turkic language and armenians are indo-european yeah,that's why Georgia is pure caucasian
When smaller counties get a huge influx of specific migrants(in this case Russian), it can cause problems in the future.
Payback for stalin
@@LeadLeftLeonDude, stalin is the God for ruZZian faschists, when Georgians hate him big time.
@@LeadLeftLeon what payback?😂stalin boulded rusia and helped russia without stalin russians where just poor place with poor farmers
@@neoiveria1888 stalin was georgian
@@OgEdItZs we know that he was from our country lol. What’s your point? We hate him the most
When you talk about the Persian Empire, you talk about the Sassanids, and "Sassanid" is on the screen, however, the political borders you put on the map are the borders of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, expanding beyond the Hellespont into Thrace, Macedonia, Northern Greece and Epirus, as well as Anatolia, the Levant, and Egypt. The Sassanids never controlled these areas, with very brief exceptions, these were always controlled by the Romans and later the Eastern Romans.
I thought I was going crazy with that. I guess my memory wasn't wrong.
Not only that but acheamenid empire was there before than rome and had controlled that lands before Romans but in video it says when rome decreased then persia took over !!?
@@tayloraverett1841 doesn't matter, Georgians have fought against every form and shape of Persia/Iran throughout centuries.
Sochi, Tuapse, Artanuji, Kars, Xopa, Saingilo, Lori!
All this are Georgian places and Territories but yeah…now it bleongs to turks, Russian and Armenians😢
How are they Georgian territories? If you look at history most of those territories belonged to Persians, Assyrians, Armenians and Romans before Georgia was even a state
@@strpet27 What? 😂😂😂😂Bro pls! Shut up
@@strpet27 this are pure Georgian Territories. PURE!
Since the age of Colchis, these areas have always been inhabited by Georgians. So if a great power controlled these territories, is it automatically theirs or what? Don't talk bullshit!
@@strpet27Do not write nonsense! All these territories are indigenous territories of Georgia.
Sochi is Circassian land. Well it used to be until the genocide.
After signing the Treaty of Georgievsk with Russia in 1783, Russia ensured the safety of the Kartli-Kakhetian Kingdom, however, when Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar attacked Georgia in 1795 with his 35,000 strong army, Russia didn`t even lift a finger to help Heraclius II. In the Battle of Krtsanisi (1795), Agha Mohammad Khan sacked the capital city of Georgia, Tbilisi and burned it to the ground.
And what was the next move of our 'friendly' Russia after the devastation by Agha Mohammad Khan? Despite the guarantees of the Treaty of Georgievsk, they abolished the Georgian Kingdom in 1801, just four years after one of the most brutal invasions Georgia had faced. Isn't it a pure act of 'friendship and partnership' by Russia?
@@n-77-54 Russia is an empire and it behaves like one, so, it wasn`t surprising at all what it did to Georgia. The Georgians are too gullible to believe that there`re "friends" in big politics.
@@eagleeye182 we don’t search for friends, I underlined what was a main wish of Georgians when our king signed the treaty to keep ties to western civilization, but Russians love to rebuke us as if they are the reason we survived and we should be grateful. They had their own reasons to invade Georgia and have a buffer zone and they got it and we had our own. So don’t expect from us love and respect. My country was part of a Soviet swamp for years and we still are trying to get out of it 😑
@@n-77-54 There`s nothing wrong to search for allies (not for "friends") but you you must always be cautious and practice situational awareness.
No, Heraclius II didn`t sign the treaty to keep ties with the West but to defend the Kartli-Kakhetian Kingdom from Iran`s constant attacks. Georgia was caught between the Ottoman Empire and Iran and it was essential to be protected from external foes.
Georgia will never, ever get out of Russian influence unless it arms itself to the teeth. Considering Georgia is a small country, every citizen must be a soldier. Azerbaijan has a 300,000 strong Army.
@@n-77-54 There`s nothing wrong to search for allies (not for "friends") but you you must always be cautious and practice situational awareness.
No, Heraclius II didn`t sign the treaty to keep ties with the West but to defend the Kartli-Kakhetian Kingdom from Iran`s constant attacks. Georgia was caught between the Ottoman Empire and Iran and it was essential to be protected from external foes.
Georgia will never, ever get out of Russian influence unless it arms itself to the teeth. Considering Georgia is a small country, every citizen must be a soldier. Azerbaijan has a 300,000 strong Army.
Pity for Sakartvelo.
We don't need your pity
@@revinhatol pity is considered a great offence in Georgia
wrong word for proud kartvelians☝️
Great concise video! Georgia is a classic example of an independent entity state, both culturally and politically that needs a larger union like the EU. Far easier for a country like Britain to be without a union than an Belgium or Georgia, for continuing autonomy.
Christian country flanked by Muslim nations on most flanks
As a Georgian, thank you for such an episode.
There were controversial issues in the video, but it is one of the most objective videos I have seen about my country by a foreigner. What is a fact and an indisputable issue is that there are not as many Russians living in Georgia today as mentioned in the video. It is true that many Russians crossed the border of Georgia especially after the mobilization in Russia, but most of them used Georgia as a transit country and simply went to different countries through Georgia.
Do Indonesia please! It's the largest archipelago nation, 4th largest population, its at the cross roads of oceans and continents, with vast diversity in nature, culture, geology, biology, and economy!
Georgia is truly a beautiful country, thanks for making a video about Georgia 🇬🇪💖
Thanks
It's because Georgia is Flavor Country
If some people did their reserach and stopped spreading misinformation about Georgia and 2008 invasion that would be lovely.
I think a lot of the way you characterized the geography of Georgia and how is shaped the country can be applied to Armenia as well (with some notable differences of course).
Yeah, both countries have been "thugging it out" for most of their history as empires rose and fell around them
@@bhg123ful Yes, unfortunate fate for both neighbors.
I would get tongue tied trying to pronounce all those words! You just Breeze right through them. Another great video . Thank you for sharing.
Yeah he did a lot of those pronounciations justice unlike a lot of other UA-camrs I've seen, however it's worth noting that he said Abkhazia as ''Abkha-zia,'' even though the accent on that word should be placed like ''A-bkhazia.''
Georgian here. Thank you for this video.
Hungary and Georgia: The Romans are on their last leg. Our time has finally come!
*Mongols have entered the chat*
When the reign of Lasha-Giorgi Bagration started, Georgia was riding high, having all of the Caucasus under her control, we had plans to take Bagdad and become the protectors of all cheistian peoples in west Asia. We had these great ambitions, and the means to achieve them as well. Then literal forces of mordor appeared out of nowhere. Mongols, Khwarazshah Jalal Ad-Din, and then the mongols again. Under George V we were back on our feet. And then Timur the lame appeared. It's always these horse loving steppe nomads that ruin everything for us.
@@TimtheEnchanter25 don’t forget Black Plague
Fun fact :the term Georgia comes from Persian language and it means the land of wolves.this term comes from 5th century ,when Georgian King Vakhtang beated Iranians and had wolf Helmet,thats why many Iranians call Georgia as Gorjestan.
It's the opposite, Vakhtang's legend was born because he was the "the head of wolves" not vice versa. The common legend is a misinterpretation of history.
@@Dani2kGaming_GEIR The term actually derives from a Greek word "georgia" meaning agriculture or an earth-worker and is presumably connected to Georgia's agricultural traditions.
@@NonaMaziashvili ხო ეს ვერსიაც მისაღებია
The Sāsānian monarch Khosrow I (reigned 531-579) abolished the Iberian monarchy, however. For the next three centuries, local authority was exercised by the magnates of each province, vassals successively of Persia (Iran)
No, not even close. Georgia and "Gurj" are two different words and etymologies - nothing is similar. Before Iranians existed, Assyrians called them "Gurz". Georgia as an exonym was from the Greeks.
simple answer:Location .its between Europe and Asia.
Crimea is not Russia. Should me shown as Ukraine or, at minimum, disputed.
But residents of Crimea say that Crimea is Russia. Or are you against the fundamental principle of the UN - the right of the people to self-determination?
@@Tonik-13Bot detected
By what logic?
@@Brice_From_Nice troll detected
It’s because it is the greatest country ever, the hidden gem of this world, and a true delight to the world.
The greatest country ever? Idk abt that..
I’m Georgian and this is cool work man!🇬🇪🔥
thanks for this video. 14 minutes is not enough to tell all the major points and events that have been happening in Georgia, Sakartvelo since the dawn of civilization. with some minor errors i say it quite nice video. only problem is that when mentioning military operation in 2008 you could say that Russian backed and orchestrated separatists were bombing Georgian populated villages before starting military response by Georgian government.
Congratulations on being almost up to half a million subscribers!
Greetings to beautiful Georgia from Israel. Georgia is very old civilisation and very interesting culture and traditions.
Greetings from Georgia! Stay strong Israel!
Good video. The only error is to say that Heraclius II sought Russian support against Iran. In 1773 when he signed an alliance pact with Russia, Iran was weak, torn apart with internal squabbles for power. Heraclius II was trying to find allies in Europe, contacted Britain and Austria, but Russians killed his envoys, threatened him with backing one of his relatives in quest for his throne, and forced him to sign the alliance pact. Then all of Georgia’s neighbors turned onto it because of befriending Russians. Georgia fought on all sides for nearly 30 years with almost no support from its Russian “ally”, and even though it often defeated Ottomans and Iranians, in the end it could not fence them off, and was exhausted. This is when its Russian “ally” annexed it.
5:44 This map is wrong. That is not the Sassanid Empire (They never conquered Europe). Also, Seljuk is pronounced Seldzuk, not Seliuk (That one hurt my ears). Go do better research.
@@JoaoPedroPT696 you’re absolutely right about the pronunciation of Seljuk; to be more specific, it is pronounced like “cell-chook”
@@zafergokselkaraaslan2055 Thanks. My own name starts with a J. In English, John is not pronounced Ion. In some languages J is a semi-vowel and not a consonant so I understand the mistake, but it's not acceptable in a channel that tries to take themselves seriously.
Seeking a protectorate of Russia didn't go well in the beginning either, Russia betrayed Erekle II multiple times leaving him alone against both the Ottomans and Persians, particularly in 1795 when Persians destroyed Tbilisi and Russians left a few days before the full-scale invasion of Georgia. When Erekle II died Russians broke the agreement completely and annexed Georgia.
"Triggered by Georgia military operation" is wrong. Georgia didn't initiate or start anything, Russians were shooting at Georgians for months and Georgia didn't answer, Georgia only answered when on August 7 Russian army crossed the Georgian international border, so it was Russia and only Russia that started everything.
1.5 million Russians didn't move to Georgia. 1.5 million Russians went through Georgia to Turkey, Serbia, Thailand and many other countries, only 250,000 Russians remained in Georgia for some time and that number decreased to 150,000 by 2024. So that's wrong.
Also, Georgian parliament today = Georgian government, which is ruled by one Russian-Georgian oligarch so no wonder he support pro-Russian things.
As Georgian, I thank you so much for really thoughtful and accurate video and for the labor you did and a personal appreciation you showed. 🙏 მადლობა!
Where actual Caucasians are from. Im so tired of being called a Caucasian
Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan and northern border of Georgia
@@royalmaster1120Armenians are Indo-Europeans and more Anatolian than Caucasian, and azers are turks. So no, theyre not actually caucasians. Their languages, ethnicities and cultures aren't Caucasian.
Georgians, Chechens, Ingushs, Circassians and some Dagestan peoples are natives of Caucasus. German scientist said in 19 c., white race comes from there
@@royalmaster1120 armenians and azerbaijans are not caucasians armenian&indo-european and azerbaijan&turk
@@nathanembry9245 I know right I hate it when ignorant white people call themselves Caucasian.
Good job bro, as Georgian I'm really proud watching videos like this ♥
Good show
Thank you for documentary. With love from 🇬🇪
This was so eye opening. Russia has been on a roll for years trying to take land they lost when their empire fell. Russia will keep this up with their neighbors forever. Thanks for letting us know about the new geography of Georgia. It is a beautiful country. We all this need this information.
Thank you for your work. I have to say that Georgia is not one of the oldest wine producing regions in the world, but it is the oldest wine producing country. The word wine (vino, Wein.. etc.) originates from Georgian word gvino (ღვინო).
Thumbs up and thanks from a Georgian for this amazing video! Btw, it is Georgian legend thet when God was distributing lands for nations, Georgians were feasting and were late,. Finally, upon arrival, they told God that they had been drinking God-given wine and making toasts to God's name. God was pleased and since there were no more land left, He gave Georgians the land he had kept for himself.
Really nice video. good job on perfect research. you are always wlcomed in Georgia!
If you ll read history of Georgia you will cry , so many tragic stories so many heroes Georgians had and that why they still standing
One of them is rotting in georgian prison right now.
Georgia isn't just "one of the" oldest or "one of the most" important in wine production history. Wine was literally invented within the lands of modern Georgia and Turkey.
It is a land of wolves, we are not afraid of anyone we may fall, but we will rise again like a phenix
Transcaucasia in general is gorgeous. From Black sea to the Caspian sea, the region is full of amazing people, mountains, flora and fauna, forests, steppes and many more. People are hospitable, cities are amazing just like Baku, Tbilisi, Gandzha, Kutaisi and many more.
Transcaucasia just locates in a very attractive for Empires geopolitical location.
Gamarjoba from Ghalghay/Ingush to our Georgian brothers!
Gagimarjos Vosh
Salamalekum pervei kavkaz galgai! Moi brat ❤ iz sakartvelo
Your deep knowledge of history is astonishing! Thanks for all the info, be well 🥰💜💪
I see many parallels with Armenia's history as well.
they always stealing our culture 😅
You don't see, you want to see
@@gagaliqokelifor example?
@@gagaliqokelinahhh we only steal turkish and azerbaijani turkish culture. At least thats what they say. Stealing Christianity was the first thing we did from turks.
@@gagaliqokeli აუ, ვინ ხართ თქვენ აქ შეკრებილები! სომხეთს არაფერი სჭირს ჩვენგან მოსაპარი! უდიდესი ისტორია აქვს და კიდევ უფრო ტრაგიკული.
Thank you sooo much for making this video! ♡
3:00 Please consider that that river is not named "Kura", it's " Mtkvari"
During the Soviet era was there ever any thought or proposals about building a canal to connect the Caspian and Black Seas via the Kura River?
Kura river is not navigable because of its depth and mountainous terrain of the Caucasus, although the Black and Caspian seas are already connected via Volga-Don canal in Volgograd (former Stalingrad) in Russia
Not really. There were a lot of cooky infrastructure plans but I've never heard of that one as a Georgian myself
Thanks for the knowledge guys.
No, too many mountains on the way. But there is an actual canal through Volga.
As a Georgian, I would mention some specific areas of the history in a slightly different way. However, by and large, it's genuinely interesting, simplified and can serve as a useful resource for non-Georgians interested in our long-term and intricate history. Thank you.
Geoff, like others, enjoyed this, but a little more explanation of the geography and its shaping of why, even once conquered, despite the advances in technology over the ages, how has this amazing state, culture and distinct people endured? I didn't feel I got that answer. You were also drifting to a political, versus a geographical emphasis, towards the end. Were you saying, for example, that before the recent Russian population became millions, it was the fact a continued Georgian core populace and its continued existence that was the reason why the country has re-emerged time and again?
There should have been some kind of military analysis of the terrain
The initial Russian influx was caused by the initial panic in Russia over conscription, many of those Russians have since gone back. Even more of those Russians were using Georgia as a temporary place to stay before they went to Turkey or Europe. So right now there are about 300-400k Russians left in Georgia, which is still a lot considering the Georgian population.
As for the reason the country re-emerged many times, there are many factors from brilliant military strategists and diplomats to country being difficult to control due to geography. But the biggest factor is the culture and religion of Georgia. Georgia was the last bastion of Christianity in Muslim dominated region for centuries (Alexandre Dumas wrote that the reason Vienna stands as Christian today is because Tbilisi held strong against forces of Islam), and their resistance to forced Islamisation is the biggest reason they kept their own identity, historical events such as Hundred Thousand Martyrs of Tbilisi show that very clearly, Georgians chose death (even sacrificed their loved ones) over converting to Islam. Language is another massive factor, Georgian is one of the most unique languages in the world, and probably the biggest source of their unique identity since it's one of the most complex and difficult languages to learn and nobody else speaks it but Georgians. It was always easy for them to organise groups of resistance and have clear and secure communication.
And most people don't even realize that Jason & the Argonauts came to the Colchis to retrieve the Golden Fleece. Absolutely great video Geoff. I love your videos. I've always been the kind of kid to well, adult that can get completely lost just staring at a map. Georgia has always been of interest to me. Mostly because of it's all out beauty. Frankly Switzerland's alpine meadows don't hold a candle to Georgia's alpine meadows.
Georgia is the home of wine
Thanks for great video👍🔥
Pretty sure Armenia has been invaded and conquered many more times than Georgia has been.
Georgia has enjoyed a much more independent history.
Whilst I'm inclined to agree, I will also say that Armenians have a millennia old history of quarrelling with Georgia on ''who's the better country'' and so on.
Because we were stronger and harder to fully annex.
@@NickAndriadze True, but most people also forget that during the Georgian Empire, Armenia was actually a semi-independent state which Georgia treated very fairly and equally.
When the Georgian Monarch (I think Tamara but I might be wrong?) called up people for war, she called Megrelians, Kakhetians, Svans, Imeretians and Armenians as well.
The Georgian Empire was a strongly Christian state.
Let's never forget that when the Iranian-Turks invaded Ani and killed 12,000 Armenian Christians, Georgia responded by invading Persia and killing 12,000 Muslims.
--
There was a time when Georgia and Armenia were like Scotland and Ireland, but they fell prey to outsider influence and ridiculous, childish bickering.
I'm half Megrelian half Armenian, but I look at both sides bickering and it just annoys me.
@@GuyIncognito_
Yeah i strongly agree, to me this whole childish bickering started when the russian empire started settling armenians into javakheti.
For some reason after that, the armenians started claiming javakheti as their own and part of the whole greater armenia, this whole thing started a long conflict, ranging from small uprisings to a full scale war between us.
I feel like this whole conflict wouldnt even exist if russian empire wasnt doing stupid ass settlements.
@@sab1878 The idea that 'Russia started settling Armenians in Javakheti" is ridiculous.
Armenians and Georgians have lived in the same region next to each other for 4000 years and the border between Georgia and Armenia moved up and down by 50 miles every second month depending on which monarch did what and which line Rome and Persia drew at whichever peace-treaty, with Georgia and Armenia often having little say.
I think Georgia or Armenia saying "THIS IS MINE!" 100% is stupid, because people living prior to 1850 did not think about borders in the same way we do today.
Georgians and Armenians prior to Russian Expansion probably gave absolutely no shit over who 'ruled' the area, as long as they were Christian, didn't over-tax them and didn't abuse their women.
Naturally, there was going to be settlement on both sides of any border which was never going to be static.
Georgians also settled in larger numbers in Lori and even in the city of Ani prior to its downfall. It's just that the Georgians eventually left because Armenia is largely a failed/failing state, whereas Georgia is more stable so the Armenians stayed.
I'm no sympathizer of the Russian Empire, but do you really think 4000 years of history and Kartvelians and Armenians are saying "Better be careful not to cross this line bro, people in the future will get pissed"
More like they'd say "Do you love Christ? Me too brother, come settle here."
As a Georgian, gotta give you whole lotta credits for the excellent research done
Impressive, so far, the most complete info about Geography of Georgia on youtube
Thank you for your video, I hope the future of Georgia will be more favorable.
It’s BC/AD. Not BCE/CE. I’m tired of these channels trying to rewrite history by changing terms. There is no respectable historian who uses CE. I have a masters in European history, every professor, every aide, and every source material use BC/AD.
No, thank you
Boo hoo
Thanks! Great video! 😊
Sakartvelo mentioned🇬🇪 🇬🇪🇬🇪🇬🇪🇬🇪 🇬🇪♥ ♥♥ ♥♥
We appreciate very much your interest and Knowledge of our amazing land.
Not Kura but Mtkvari river
These crossroads or border regions are always very interesting to me. They change hands all the time as different empires rise and fall, leaving imprints on the local culture while also absorbing bits of that local culture and spreading it around.
Crimea is not russia.
Yes it is and it has been for hundreds of years. It was briefly given to the Soviet Socialist Republic of Ukraine by the Russians alongside a bunch of other Russian territory. Russia decided to take it back. It was theirs in the first place. Your warped version of history does not align with historical reality.
@@JesusFriedChrist Yeah but they did give it to Ukraine , and now took it by force ! Once u give smth away it is no longer yourse .
@@Feshena That seems pretty obvious. I guess it must have gone over the head of Mr. J.F. Christ.
@@JesusFriedChrist by that same logic Georgia should still have a claim over Sochi and Tuapse right? Lol
@@scarab0bBy the same logic, that you continued, the half of Europe belongs to Russia. This not the right logic at all, wars and gifts(with the agreements) completely different
2:16 wasn't that colchis area a greek colony or ancient country back b4 the greeks were even all that powerful?
3:56
oh wow this place is beautiful.
GEORGIA MENTIONED RAHHH
Wha?)
As a Georgian and as a Historian, I thank you in the name of all Georgians.
Really good wrapup !
When you mapped Russia, you marked Crimea as a part of Russia, By International low Crimea is a part of Ukraine, please correct that mistake!!!
❤
This map was before gifting Crimea to Ukraine. Crimea was Russian the whole history
@@podi1555 If you call whole history last 200 years, then maybe. Actually, Crimea was part of Russian Empire jus for some 100 year or so and because Russian empire occupied it back then
International law? What is this? Since when US law become international?
@@Алексей545-т6б That's how countries define there borders and do not make sh*t like Russia
Thanks for making this video ❤
გაუმარჯოს ერთიან და დამოუკიდებელ ქართულ სულს!!!
Another great video Geoff!
Why is Crimea shown as part of Russia?
Because it is apart of Russia
@@paulurban2472😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂🤡🤡🤡🤡🤡
@@paulurban2472 crimea is part of Ukraine 🇺🇦
@@giorgigeorgian1 then why are their Russian flags everywhere in it? 🇷🇺🇷🇺🇷🇺
@@paulurban2472 cause Russia is an occupier
Thank you very much great video❤❤❤
Wow, this is very well done. Thank you so much. I hope Russia will never be able to invade Georgia
A war in 2008 was not triggered by a Georgian military operation in the region, it was triggered by the separatist forces who were shelling border villages for weeks before the initial invasion
Say Georgia's gorgeous gorges 5 times fast 😂
Very good video mate, good job and good luck. ✌️