Make an Air Sensitive Solution
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- Опубліковано 5 жов 2024
- In this video we make a chemical solution that changes color when exposed to air and reverses when sealed away from air.
In a vial about 20 mL in volume. Add 200 mg of copper chloride, 10 mL of hydrochloric acid (20% or higher in concentration) and 2 g copper metal. Seal the vial and let it sit overnight. It helps to include a stir bar and stir the solution overnight.
What's happening is the copper metal is reacting with the copper (II) chloride in solution to produce copper (I) chloride. This reaction is called comproportionation where the same substance in two different oxidation states react to form a single substance of intermediate oxidation.
Eventually the solution will go clear as all the copper (II) ions are converted to colorless copper (I) chloride.
To observe the air sensitive reaction, simply open the cap and let the solution sit on air. Oxygen in the air will react with the copper (I) ions to convert them to copper (II) ions which are green in hydrochloric acid.
Hey, maybe you should consider putting a analog clock next to your experiments if you're going to speed the video up. That'd give us the idea of how fast is the reaction really happening.
Great channel, BTW. Keep up the good work.
This one takes a few hours. Its rather slow
For me, I sealed it in an Ampoule and if shaken, it only takes about 20-30 mins to fully convert.
I have a few more copper videos planned in the coming weeks.
NurdRage thanx for the upload
NurdRage Can you transfer the solution to another container for some airtight tests?
NurdRage Are you a female? :)
What would happen if you added CO2 from yourself? Would that speed up the process or change color?
Mohammed Abbed What does CO2 has to do with that?
NurdRage notification pops up, and my Saturday is instantly better.
***** Its Saturday in the US?
I use copper chloride everyday with my gold recovery from e-scrap and knew about this characteristic with the presence/absence of oxygen but I didn't know the solution would ever go completely colorless.
This is so interesting, thanks for sharing
"Air is cheap" he says...all this time i thought it was free...
Air is cheap just as WiFi without a password is cheap. They are actually free, but you need to spend some money to really make use of them, i.e. laptop or smartphone in the case of WiFi. In the case of air you have to pay with your life... damn.
Air costs 25 cents for five minutes of it at a gas station when you need to fill your tire.
It costs money to keep it clean. E.g., it took all our non-essential businesses closing before we could see the mountain ranges in our area, so it cost many people their livelihoods.
Very cool. That's "going green" in more ways than on.
I used to use this method to etch my circuit boards, you can make it by mixing hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid and a penny, I had okay results without agitation. much better than having to dump ferric chloride, just open to air recap and shake a bit to recharge. I kept the concentration quite low and it worked well.
I feel like the people asking you to change have not been with your channel from the beginning. Just keep doing what your doing.
Some gas sensitive gels would be useful for making sensors that detect harmful substances like carbon monoxide or methane. I would appreciate it if you made a video to show how they are made.
Yet another absolutely fantastic video!
Good video. When I saw the title I figured however you were going prepare the air sensitive solution you would do so without using a vacuum. As to how is what intrigued me.
I'm sure I'm not the only one who would enjoy a video on were you get some of your chemicals... such as Nitric, sulfuric, and hydrochloric acid. Potassium thiocyanate, and others. We know you can make some of those, but the yield is poor, so it's better to purchase them. Also, a video on were you got your equipment,(such as your fume hood) would be cool
The statement "Air is cheap" amused me.
Revegelance
That depends on where un the solar system you currently are.
You should make a video of how to make thermal dust,thermal dust has soo many uses and i think it would be a good idea. Lv ur videos!
I love your videos NurdRage you inspired me to do chemistry
Would be cool to make a video on Cyanuric acid... By the way, great work!
nurdrage has a specialisation in copper. im calling it
I'm so glad you've come back to youtube! I have a question. Why does hydrogen peroxide cause hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid to dissolve copper and silver more readily? I understand that hydrogen peroxide is an oxidizing agent, but I don't understand why that changes what an acid can react with.
If the copper gets oxidized
Cu + H2O2 -> CuO + H2O
then you get a coating of CuO on the copper. CuO reacts easily with H+
CuO + 2 HCl -> CuCl2 + H2O
so, I think what happens is that the Cu(2+) in CuO easily gives up its oxygen. I think all metal oxides behave this way.
You may try putting either the factor which you speed the video up or maybe a clock on the original video and then speeding it up. I feel like it would at least help me grasp the lengths of the experiments better.
Great vids my man! Love all the great content...been subscribed for a while now!
Wow, i really want one of those mixers
Do you have a preferable site that you order your chemicals from or do you have other means of obtaining such items?
could you say fellow scientists instead of fellow nurds I feel like a nurd when I hear you say that
You make the best videos.
Can you do a video covering the steps to turn copper chloride to copper sulfate?
CuCl2 + Na2CO3 -> CuCO3 + 2 NaCl
Filter and collect the CuCo3. Add some H2SO4 to it.
That's a nice indicator for oxigen. Is there a similar indicator for ozone?
had no idea you were Canadian until this video... aboot
What would it look like when a strong oxidant is added, like a drop of Hydrogen Peroxide?
Nice and informative video
"Air is cheap and environmentally friendlier for obvious reasons" lol
wow, great experiment, i kept wondering what was stirring out there, lol, is it remotely controlled ?
I rely on this reaction for etching circuit boards.
great video nurdrage
Hi! quick question: does the mixture really have to be constantly stirred overnight, or can the reaction still take place even if only a small amount of stirring occurs.
Long ago I saw a guy who came up with a mixture that changes through several colours in sequence and just keeps on going for ages. Do you know how it's done?
Christie Nel I remember that too from high school. Mine was a solution that changed like a stoplight, red yellow green. It went for a pretty long time if i recall correctly.
Christie Nel iodine clock
or any "clock reactions"
Christie Nel There is one called the traffic light reaction that Periodic Videos did. It started a dark green/blue then went to red, then to yellow. If you shook or poured it, it would react with oxygen in the air, returning to red for a second, before returning to yellow.
Christie Nel what leth said is a decent clock reaction but I think you mean the dilluted potassium permanganate and sugar in a slightly alkaline solution.
Christie Nel A well known one for example is the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction that uses KBr and Ce(SO4)2 among other things. You can find it on Wikipedia. Did that one myself a while ago at Uni and it's absolutely mesmerizing to watch!
Wtf is that stiring thing?! I want it
It's a stirring bar, but it requires a hotplate with a magnetic mixing function.
Boobstraigter3000 it's a magnetic bar, the plate that the vile is sitting on contains a spinning magnet, that causes the magnetic stir stick to spin as well. (It doesn't spin on it's own unfortunately)
Thanks guys for the information now i understand :)
Chillbro Swaggins where have you been all my life I wanna be your bro
Chillbro Swaggins
.. That gave me an awesome Idea for a computer case mod... late.. later.. I have to many projects already.. great Idea though =D
+NurdRage when will you do a video on making potassium chlorate by electrolysis KCl?
Make more often vids ur great
sounds drunk at 0.5 speed
Where did you get your education as a chemist, and how long did it take you to earn the degree?
There is a mistake such thing as [CuCl4]3- does not exist. Coordination number of copper (I) is 2 so the formula of complex is [CuCl2]- (colorless).
That's so cool!
great video
Holy wow, that's interesting!
I can't tell if that is your natural voice or a disguised voice
Would this work if I used a solution of ammonia instead? The relevant complex ions seem to be soluble.
Why would 8 people give this video a thumb down?
Cool video
You should fill a ballpoint with this
Hi Nurdrage!
Fist of all, thank you for your all educational videos that i found them interesting.
I am wondering to know, What are the full Equations including any by products if existed for this experiment. The way I came up with it there is hydrogen by product in first reaction and chlorine in the other. Is that right?
2 min 06 s
If you expose it to oxygen:
4 CuCl4(3-) + O2 + 4 H+ -> 4 CuCl4(2-) + 2 H2O
but there are 8 more H+ present, which balances out the left side and also, the right side.
4 CuCl4(3-) + O2 + 12 H+ -> 4 CuCl4(2-) + 2 H2O + 8 H+
You can see some "fingering" as oxygen diffused into the solution. Any explanation for this?
When this solution is added to a large amount of water (about 500 mL) containing a few grams of sodium sulfite, copper(I) chloride is formed, which is insoluble and can be filtered off, even though it will oxidize a little bit.
So, was the non-liquid component of the bottle a vacuum at 1:50?
what are the gloves that you use to record your videos?
You might have a solution to this question.
When I was in middle school, our science teacher brought in a green liquid called "traffic light mixture". When you agitate the mixture, it turns yellow, and then red after more agitating. When you leave the mixture alone, it turns yellow and then green after a while.
Any ideas? Thanks!
I got curious and decided to search it up! www.chemistry.mtu.edu/~kmsmith/SYP/Student/StopLightRxn.pdf
You're wonderful! Thank you so much!!
I miss the old intro with the sparklies and sound.
NurdRage Can you make a video how to make KClO4?
can the same reaction be done without stirring?
why dont you use mols in your videos?
is ur voice modified? because i love it otherwise
thanks !
U should add background music so it does not get that much blaring, brothers words not mine
Where can I get these stir bars from?
where do you buy these materials at
Is this the same stuff you use to disolve your victims bones?
nice video :D
What's with the serial killer voice filter?
Is there a way to have an instant color change after having exposure to air
no, unless you have an air-sensitive explosive.
Is it weird that the spinning copper reminded me of meatspin?
but what does it smell like?
Can you make a vid about copper acetylide made with Cu 1+ like you make it here?
tGhIeNrGmEiRte I suppose you could. I haven't tried it myself so i'm not absolutely certain.
NurdRage What about a precipitation? I did an experiment where we placed zinc in a vial with a copper substance dissolved in water, but after a while the zonc dissolved and the copper precipitated
Andrea Quadrati That's because zinc will lose its electrons much easier.
***** OP was asking about making copper acetylide, not CuCl precipitate.
***** Reply to OP. they are the one asking about it.
0:08 in and out already changed colour so dramatically that even glass have disappeared
Não entedi nada desse vídeo
Don't understand any of this stuff yet I yearn to see more, why?
How does that little white thing you threw in work in stirring the mixture?
Henry Horne That thing is a just a magnet covered in plastic. The plate the container sits on has magnetic coils that spin the thing. It's called a mangetic stirrer.
+BrowithStoryCool *stir bar
r u from canada?
Whats stirring it
cool how it formed that white thing
Daedarus It didn't form a white thing.
Daedarus you mean the stirrer? He put that in there and lets a magnet spin it to mix the solution.
LemmingsGoPOP! I think, he got you....I think he simply joked about it. Either that or extremely blind ;)
can you just tell me the definition of n type conductor
I've been wondering: are you using a voice changer in these videos? If so, why?
NOOO! This is her totally NORMAL voice.. -.-
+Kayla Reid her?
Why the hell do you use 60 FPS? It all just looks blurry and messy.
Rihards Rožāns Es nezinu, man viss izskatās normāli.
Bumbero Pilnīgi nevajadzīgi. Parasts 1080p izskatās daudz labāk. Var prezīzi novērot reakcijas un tekstu.
Rihards Rožāns Es vispār neredzu atšķirības, varbūt tev ar monitoru kaut kas?
Earl of Destruction Man arī neliekas, ka būtu lielas atšķirības, tikai bilde ir plūstošāka, nedaudz nepierasti, bet jāsāk pierast
Earl of Destruction 60 FPS šādam video nav piemērots. Tas izskatās paātrināts izplūdis. Sporta un spēļu video viss ir ok, bet ne šeit.
Wait... What is the thing he uses to mix? And why does it spin so fast?
I think it's called a centrifuge or some random thing.. Lel, I have no idea. I don't know science, all I do is watch helplessly as my mind pours out of my ears in awe..
Nono never mind not a centrifuge bcuz I'm thinking of different spiny names
+Hello Universe ...its a stir bar...
+Hello Universe it couples with a rotating magnet below the hot plate and, consequently rotates, stirring the contents of the jar.
Anybody know a website that can teach me or help me understand the (cucl 4 3-) thanks
why does oxygen react with copper 2 chloride ?
please explain
philosophical question but you could say because it is thermodynamically favoured
+Frank Otto thanks for the reply..
Whats the point of the voice changer, its not like you're doing anything illegal
There are theories that NurdRage is a woman and that she doesn't want the usual treatment that the Internet gives. That's what some people say at least.
Barack Obama, is he on CIA or something?
After going back and watching "his" other videos, I can tell that it is more likely NurdRage is female. Very feminine hands and at one point, grown out, groomed, feminine nails. Also, if you listen very closely, you can tell that it is likely a woman too. This doesn't matter, but some people are affected by it.
Cool.
Neat.
Is it possible to precipitate the CuCl from the solution or otherwise obtain powdered Copper I Chloride? Or would it need to be differently proportioned in order to be viable?
Ben Suslow It's pretty easy to get copper (I) chloride from copper (II) chloride. Just do the same experiment as in the video but use water instead of acid. A white powder of CuCl will precipitate.
What do you intend to use CuCl for?
.
NurdRage Explosions?! Mwuahahhahahahahahahaha!!
NurdRage Interesting, I wasn't aware that it would compromportionate without the acid medium. Thank you! I was really just curious about the reaction, but I have reduced cucl2 to cucl (using NaHSO4) for the preparation of copper acetylide before.
+NurdRage i'm doing that right now and it darkened instead of precipitating... Any ideas as to why this would be?
cool!
2017?
This "solution" didn't solve any of my problems... I think the directions were unclear.
the question here is : why they using a voice changer ?
There is already a solution that changes color when exposed to air, it's called soup. I wouldn't recommend it though, you waste food and it takes a long time.
Another video!
dude why do you use a voice mask?
WOW
Hmm... Pretty sure that's jarate
reminds me of left 4 dead
CFSE
Wtf is that spinning thing??:DD
PyromadVP Magnetic stir bar.