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I feel that the 3D effects on this are quite well done - the people walking around really helped gain the scale of the individual entries. Also - the music is a significant part of the reason I like these videos - this one did not disappoint; it seemed appropriately 'creepy'.
Aye. MBS music choices are excellent. My favourite still is the Age of the Universe track. Just when you think the age of the Universe can't get any older there's nearly 4 minutes of video left to go. The music from 8:40 is inspired!!
@@splorgify bro, I am thinking of the same thing. Where super sketchy research takes place. I am sure someone has experimented with human ape hybrids, that's where it will be conducted.
Someone wanted to know where these places can be found so I did the hard work and put them here! 😄 Also thanks for the video!!! I love these videos a lot! 🤍 (Thank you everyone in the comment section, I have always smile on my face when I open this comment section up, digging the ground/internet has been my thing since childhood so this was super fun to do!) Okay, here it goes: Skipping the sewer lines&mains + Typical Subway-tunnels (most countries have them) Dixià Chéng: Peking, China Rome Catacombs: Rome, Italia Paris Catacombs: Paris, France Yamate Tunnel: Japan Alexandria Catacombs: Egypt Priest's Grotto: Ukraine Toca da Boa Vista: Brazilia Atlas F: Multiple different locations in USA Sistema Ox Bel Ha: Mexico Hampstead Station: London, UK Deep Dive Dubai: Dubai, United Arab Emirates Odessa catacombs: Odessa, Ukraine Washington park station: Portland, Oregon, USA Park Pobedy: Moscow, Russia Derinkuyu: Turkey Admiralteyskaya: St. Petersburg, Russia Arsenalna: Kiev, Ukraine Pyongyang metro: North Korea Mammoth Cave: Kentucky, USA Channel Tunnel: England+ France under the sea level Sistema Dos Ojos: Mexico Sala Silver Mine: Sweden Large Hadron Collider: Switzerland-France Seikan tunnel: Japan Cave of Crystals: Mexico Wieliczka Salt mine: Poland Woodingdean water well: Brighton&Hove, UK Lötschberg Base Tunnel: Switzerland Lechuguilla Cave: USA Onkalo spent nuclear fuel repository: Olkiluoto, Finland Tears of the Turtle Cave: Montana, USA Shuanghedong Cave network: China Schacht Asse II repository: Germany Kamioka Observatory: Japan Kazumura Cave: Hawaii Komsomolskaya Mine: Vorkuta, Russia Gouffe Berger: France Siebenhengste-Hohgant-Höhle: Switzerland Sanford Underground Research: Switzerland Sistema Huauatla: Mexico Modane Underground Laboratory: France Gouffe Mirolda: France Sarma Cave: Georgia China Nuclear commander bunker: China Sudbury Neutrino Observatory: Ontario, Canada Krubera-Voronja Cave: Georgia Veryovkina Cave: Georgia China Jinping Underground Laboratory: China Creighton Mine: Canada Gotthard Base Tunnel: Switzerland Morro Velho: Brazil Kolar Gold Fields: India Empire Mine State Historic Park: California, USA Maersk Drilling Raya-1: Uruguay TauTona Mine: South Africa Mponeng Gold Mine: South Africa Bertha Rogers: Oklahoma, USA Deepwater Horizon: Gulf of Mexico Kola Superdeep Borehole: Pechengsky District, Murmanskaya, Russia (If I missed something, please add them down here! I looked everything up withing a 2 hour period so I might have missed something) ✨🤍
There is something weirdly unnerving and both fascinating about the idea of these extremely scientific laboratories being stored hundreds to thousands of meters underground, the Kamioka Observatory especially fascinating me because it's like a huge cylinder underground.
It's deep underground like that because it's designed to detect Neutrinos, which are cosmic particles that are able to easily phase through the entire Earth. Having them super deep underground makes certain that neutrinos will be the only thing they pick up.
Something interesting about kola superdeep borehole is that they discovered that at that depth rocks start to behave more like plastic. We may only guess what the consistency of the mantle must be like. The bore hole only reached as far as a third of way through the crust.
@@chriswalls5648 exactly...disturbing to say the least... No I want to go on, there is definitely more than meets the eye in this world, I mean truly we live in a spirit induced world, people who believe in figures they've never seen, but are talked about like they make more sense than anything else, to UFO sightings in numerous, to the idea that we are on a floating orb in the middle of a neverending vast abyss
The neutrino laboratory in sudbury is part of Creighton mine and is one of the oldest mines in the area. Many cave ins there and awfully hot down at the 7000 ft level. They have a ice catch for keeping the mine cool during summer. My home town. We live down there for 12 hours a day. They have a escape way, it would take 2.5 days to climb out.
I've been down to a depth of a little over 2000 meters at the Mount Isa R62 mine (listed at 1900 meters but it's gone much further since that depth was official). Started working there are a timberman at the very bottom, installing/repairing poly pipe for water/compressed air, and vent bag for breathing air. Basically the stuff that people need to work, we went in without it and installed it. It's around 40-45 degrees Celsius and so incredibly humid. I'm glad I worked there because I've explored somewhere 99% of people only see in movies. But I was also glad to get out when I got a job above at the smelter.
The incredible part is that there might be caves at depths beyond anything we’ve built. But the super deep bore hole showed that at such depths the ground gets hot and begins to be incredibly difficult to move out of the way.
The deepest mine Mponeng at 4,000 meters. The stone boils water at that level, and it is all done through explosives. This is the deepest a human can go, but it's no where near as deep the the Mariana Trench.
I'd heard of the Kola Superdeep Borehole and was expecting it to win--and it did. But I didn't realize that oil wells like Deepwater Horizon came as close as they did to that depth.
I wonder how the textonic action doesn't crumble the kola borehole? I guess they built it in a very stable location? You'd think little earthquakes and slipping rock would crack the tunnel and block it. I saw a youtube video of it, if it wasn't a lie and coverup by the russians then it's a weirdly uneventful place. I think it was in a collapses building, and it's just a tiny hatch on the ground. You'd expect a worldwide wonder like that to be in a room in a museum, with tables and scientists and test equipment or something lol
Nice and sturdy that far down, and if explodes (not impossible, although the goofy "black hole" thing is) then everyone on the surface is safe because of the distance.
The problem we run into when drilling super deep is the torque required to turn the drill string, the temperatures downhole and the pressures required to pump mud down the pipe and back up the annulus (to remove the rock being drilled). All of these mechanics have limits that modern equipment isn’t designed to exceed. Steel threaded pipe for example has finite torsional and tensile properties, not to mention the threads on each joint which could be a vulnerability especially if the hole isn’t truly vertical all the way down. Btw, there are holes drilled deeper than the borla but they’re drilled horizontally for the most part. When drilling laterally, the temperature aspect may be manageable but the pressure and torque/tensile limitations are more prevalent.
@@realitykicksin8755 Again the limitation is pressure (and in the case of motors, achieving differential pressure). Even with 70pcf mud, hydrostatic pressure at 40,000’ TVD is close to 20,000 psi which is far outside of the limitations of any mud pumps I know of.
What if use lightest drilling mud possible, something like liquified NH3? Or split tube into multiple “airlock” sections with multiple pumps that works consequentially?
@@apacheaccountant9757 while I’m not an expert in the sequential pumps you’re talking about, the nitrogen introduces a different kind of problem. Without heavy mud to provide a buoyancy on the drill string, the length of pipe needed to drill further would be too heavy. For example, the borehole is 9” ID so we can maybe assume they were using the strongest 5.5” 24.7 ppf drill pipe. Without buoyancy to reduce the weight of the string, it would weigh about 988klbs. The tensile for this S135 pipe is only 704klbs nominally. So, lots of factors working against each other hence they could not drill deeper.
Correction: ammonia* not nitrogen. Regardless, even with ammonia (with a SG of .59) it would still create a heavy work string. Not to mention the PV and shear rate of Nitrofied mud or NH3 are far too low to reliably carry cuttings all the way to surface in my opinion.
What if exclude a pump and drill string at all and use some heavy liquid so cuttings could float to the surface? Liquid with 5E3 kg/m3 would be enough for most minerals. Of course, in this case electric drill should have heavy sinker to create axial force at the bottom.
The video makes these tunnels and holes seem quite deep, but they have really only just scratched the surface of the Earth. Impressive feats nonetheless!
For anyone wondering about this the Kola borehole is about 7.5 miles (12 kilometers) deep while the continental surface of the earth is about 25 miles (40 kilometers). However the oceanic crust is only about 4 miles deep (6 kilometers)
I was amazed at how deep the caves are, but then I realized it is not the depth below sea level but below the cave entrance. So even though a cave might be really "deep" it is actually still up a mountain. For example, the deepest point of Kubera Cave is 2km below the entrance, but the entrance is 4km up a mountain, so the cave "bottom" is actually quite high up. I tried to find which cave is the furthest below sea level, but strangely this does not seem to be a commonly tracked fact. I kept getting directed to the Kola borehole, which is clearly not a cave.
That is logical. The vast majority of caves is formed way above sealevel by water seeping into the ground and dissolving the rock. The water in caves will - as all water does - flow towards the sea. Mostly the water will surface somewhere in a spring, which feeds a river, which finally goes to the sea. Sometimes, the spring (or resurgence) can be situated in the sea itself (like the famous Mexican blue holes) . The bottom line is that any cave/spring that is below the sealevel, will be totally drowned and can only be explored by cave divers or sometimes ROV's. That limits the depth considerably. The deepest cave dive is by Xavier Meniscus who dived the Font d'Estramar spring to a depth of 286 m. Since this spring is situated at sealevel, this makes it also to deepest human explored cave below sealevel.
Yes, this is the somewhat misleading part of this video, that you can't really compare two things from here because they are ordered by the depth measured from the earth surface where they are located. They are not all measured relative to the same point, say sea level. For instance, Gotthard tunnel is placed at 2450m under but relative to sea level it's a good way up, more than 1000m so it shouldn't have been depicted at the 2450m under the same surface as the other things.
@@cyber-dude yeah the Gothard Base Tunnel for example sounds real deep until you realize it's 8,000 something feet below the peak of the mountain not below sea level. It's a major flaw in this video.
I just noticed the little trick at 2:13, where it introduces the oil wells on the right edge of the screen, to draw your eye there just as the scale appears. Nicely done!
I was one of the two miners that drove the initial jackleg drift to the location of the SNO Lab in Sudbury, I was new at the company, INCO, and one miner got hurt, my supervisor asked me if I could drive a jackleg track drift and I replied a simple yes, this was at the start of our shift on 7200 ft level Creighton Mine 1988. He said ok, tomorrow report to 6800 level. Same as working at 7200 it was damn hot, one engineer measured it at 150 degrees F at the face. Once the drift was completed other crews came in to open the cavern.
Understanding what minerals occur in what geological strata and formations. The presence of some minerals can be an indicator (silver is found alongside lead-zinc deposits for example) or rock types (tin is found in granite formations but not copper). Mining sciences are a very expansive and ancient field of study
@@exnihiloadnihilum5094 That's what i was thinking. They form under specific conditions in specific places. All geoengineers or whatever have to say is 'this fold of rock under this mountain exhibits the proper characteristics. The fold at the bottom where X should be precipitating is 980 meters down. '
These videos (all of them) are mesmerizing. I went down a potash mine on a friends and family tour once. I’d known, but hardly believed it till I saw it for myself, that there is a whole industrial world deep underground. Enormous equipment, vehicles, everything so clean and orderly. A “fun” part of the tour was when they turned the lights off. The intensity of the blackness … Anyway I may be a miner’s daughter and granddaughter and great granddaughter etc but once underground was enough for me 😁
The best comparison is that if the Earth was an apple, the crust would be the skin of the apple. That means that humans haven't even broken the skin yet.
Would've been pointless, because humankind has yet to come even close to breaching the first layer of earth's crust, which is estimated to be 40km deep
I went to Mammoth Cave a couple of months ago. I'm pretty sure the cave goes deeper than that, I could be wrong. Being down there, crawling through tight areas, made the world outside feel like a distant memory.
I've always been simultaneously fascinated and frightened by caves and underground human-made facilities. It also reminds me that, with all the (justified) attention given to outer-space exploration, we really don't know that much about the earth underneath our feet and the deepest ocean depths.
Geologists and speleologists have calculated that only 10% of all caves have been discovered. So the potential for new and truly monstrously big caves is very real. One interesting thing to think about, the deepest caves in the world all formed in mountain ranges, where the water would slowely carve a path downward through the rocks, helped by CO2 dissolved it in making it acidic and as a result dissolving the rock, and gravity pulling it all to the lowest point. As a rule caves would stop becoming any deeper once they hit the water table, instead spreading outwards mostly horizontally from there on. The current deepest cave in the world is Verovkyna cave in Georgia, at the start of the Caucasus mountains, which is 2200 meters deep and reaches all the way from the top of the mountain to sea level, meaning it can't get any deeper unless the sea level would drastically lower. However there are plenty of mountain ranges made of limestone which are a lot higher than that, and so in theory any caves there could potentially be just as deep as the mountain in formed in. For the Andes mountains that can be as much as 6000+ meters, in the Himalays even as much as 8000+ meters. Caves have been discovered in the Himalays in mountains of 6000+ meters tall but thus far only very little of those caves has been explored because they're so hard to reach and in such inhospitable places, but their potential is absolutely astronomical....
@@bard-anilsen well no, the oceans go quite deep in many places, and insanely deep in some. It more would be akin to the moisture within the skin I think.
@@bard-anilsen The average depth of the ocean is like 4 kilometres, the average thickness of oceanic crust is like 6-8 Kilometres, so the water layer is often almost as thick as the crust itself.
@@johnperic6860 Wow, I really did say less instead of greater. Welp, you are correct, at any rate. I MEANT to say greater. They drilled deeper than the distance above the earth that planes fly. Thank you for catching that, because obviously I didn't.
“Gly”: As a UA-cam creator and abandoned mine explorer who spends allot of his time underground this was quite interesting. Nice work, I enjoyed the 3D aspect of this presentation very much.
Let me just say that this video made me go "Wut?" And run to Google/Wikipedia more than any of your other videos. I learned so much today! Also, can I just say that I really appreciate the showmanship of having hints of something else in the background while you show off something else. I love that in the "biggest" videos, where even as you're focusing on something you see a GIANT foot in the background that makes one think, "What on Earth is that?!" In this case with those boreholes always present when focusing on other things, I kept wondering what on Earth they were! Another amazing video!
Yeah, me too. I guessed that those were oil well holes. Except, the last isn't. It's just a hole to see how deep they could go. Just think of the equipment they must use to have a drill digging and pulling up material all the way from the top to the bottom and back.
Love it! As an urban explorer, I've only been at -42m beneath the city surface, exploring a rainwater drain. This drain was so deep that at some points the subway tunnels passed above us.
It never ceases to amaze me the amount of work you put in to these videos! I wasn't aware of half of these places and had no idea we had quite that many man-made places so deep. Also, thank you for adding feet so I didn't have to do the conversion myself.
fun fact : It wasn't in the video, but actually Z-44 Chayvo Well in Sakhalin, Russia, reached 12,376 meters in 2012, taking the title of the deepest hole in the world. fun fact 2 : The maximum depth from the video is 12,262 meters, or 12.2 kilometers, but the Earth's radius is 6,371 kilometers (6,371,000 meters), so even the deepest hole in the Earth is less than one-500th of the Earth's radius.
Yes, the biosphere is incredibly thin. Life happens all within a film a few kilometers in thickness. To the cosmos, our entire existence is little more than a petri dish. I watched a video once from a sci-fi enthusiast who said that a planetary civilization could never, in any situation, successfully defend itself once space-superiority (like air-superiority) was lost. I disagree with that. If a planet was industrialized and technologically advanced so far beyond our current situation, that the entire thing (planet) became a giant organism of sorts, it would be truly monstrous. With thousands of cubic kilometers of machinery, projects such as capturing (removing) the entire atmosphere would be like a simple chore. Guns the size of skyscrapers could be constructed by the millions, launching hypersonic projectiles at targets across space. Lasers in the gigawatt range could accelerate long range projectiles to over 90% the speed of light. Manufacturing would be so vast as to make it possible to evacuate and fill with ablative armor country-sized landing sites for asteroids or small moons to be brought to the planet for consumption.
@@JWQweqOPDH yeah but losing space-superiority is just a sure way for your planet to be besieged from space and no way of obtaining resources from other planets (which is a very important aspect for spacefaring race). And if an enemy can take out our space warfare capabilities, you bet your ass they can glass an entire planet too
@@JWQweqOPDH A society that warlike would never achieve that level of technology before it destroyed itself with factionalism. We've got to leave that "last millennium" mindset in the past and really cooperate to reach the next level for humanity.
Guys I've been to Hampstead Tube Station and it's literally some kind of spatial illusion from Hell. When we were kids me and my brothers couldn't wait for the elevator so we took the stairs not knowing it was the deepest station in London, and it just keeps going and going and going and it stops being funny a long long time before you get to the top. Only when you think you're actually going to die and be stuck there forever do you actually reach the summit of a totally pedestrian highstreet where no one there is aware of the Mount Everest that you have just climbed.
muchas gracias por tus vídeos!! siempre me paso mínimo 1 hora investigando sobre los lugares que pones en los vídeos, y termino descubriendo un montón de cosas nuevas y inimaginables
You are one of the best things on youtube. the visuals are so realistic, the music is always perfect to truly allow you to reflect and wonder, the 3d modelling is perfect. You are an artist!. Thank you for your wondeful videos. Now abput the video is mind boggling what humans are capable of doing, how deep we digged. And all those caves. did homo sapiens lived there in the past? Supposedly they had enough oxigen? is absolutely misterios. This planet is beautiful.
My dad and I have been enjoying your videos so much! So informative and interesting. I always find myself going down a rabbit hole of research on all the things i never knew about before seeing your content!
Your videos are amazing - they often fill me with a mixture of wonder and existential dread (the dread in this one coming from the thought of people like the Chilean miners who got stuck at such extreme depths). Keep up the good work!
Mponeng Gold Mine 6:35 (Deepest mine in the world) - A Gold mine in south Africa. - Opened in 1980s - The trip from the surface to the bottom of the mine takes over and hour. - The mine contains at least two gold reefs, with the deepest one metre thick.
And I thought it was creepy being a few stories underground! Fantastic video and I'm astonished to see how deep underground some people work every day.
The Kola Borehole still gets me, because it was basically people going "Let's dig the deepest whole we can just to see how deep we can actually go. Just because."
Um… mountains is the top reason to build tunnels. Though the depth is from peak, most of the tunnel is not that deep, and technically it is at about entrance ground level.
Very fun video to watch, but on reflection, the quality of the editing, music & graphics combined I took for granted, video really is really top notch! Kudos to who put it together! I mean, 5:23 - the little guy walking that I dare say a lot didn't even notice & walking in rhythm to the music is just flexing on another level.
This is very well done, I didn't know the LHC near where I live was so deep. It would have been nice to zoom out much further after the Kola bore to show how ridiculously shallow it is compared to the size of the Earth.
@@johnsiders7819 It's a great place for darrrrrk experiments. If whatever is down there escapes, then we have enough time to seal the cave or kill ourselves. :)
Maybe it's the music, maybe the fact that it's underground, or just maybe it's my lifetime of training with video games that makes me expect each one to be more sinister than the last.
I work at the Lucky Friday Mine in north idaho, the #4 shaft has a depth of 9,587’ below ground making it the deepest mine in North America. Could have made the list!
Wow, this Mponeng mine is insanely deep. When I was still working as a miner, the deepest place I visited was the 1050 m level and I thought that was impressive back then.
American Rock Salt mine where I work is about 1200 feet below surface. It is located in Mount Morris, NY, USA. It is presently the largest producer of rock salt in the USA.
4:30 I went in the Siebenhengste-Hohgant cave system, although not nearly to the bottom and I've seen maybe a few percent of it. Still, it's a beautiful place, and I hope I'll be able to explore it a bit more in the future.
![Fictional BUILDINGS Size COMPARISON | 3D [Real Scale] 🏠](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/hjIci91FRX4/mqdefault.jpg)
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I have an idea for a video: Listing the heights of the tallest building from every country.
Great job, just a tip, add the (country or position) on each item. I'd really like to know where each cave is.
Your quality continuously is levelling up, fantastic work Alvaro! That neutrino laboratory looks super interesting.
holy cow man this is amazing like always ha keep up the great work!!!
You should do the naughtiest boy comparison and the most snowy dogs comparison
I feel that the 3D effects on this are quite well done - the people walking around really helped gain the scale of the individual entries. Also - the music is a significant part of the reason I like these videos - this one did not disappoint; it seemed appropriately 'creepy'.
I thought so too. Intimidating and fitting music
The music yoo!
Aye. MBS music choices are excellent. My favourite still is the Age of the Universe track. Just when you think the age of the Universe can't get any older there's nearly 4 minutes of video left to go. The music from 8:40 is inspired!!
I thought those 'people' were the ghosts of the unfortunate souls that got trapped and died gasping for air in those God-forsaken places.
@@mdtalhaansari1096 God forsaken huh? Asteroid or nuclear war and those places will all be a paradise only for the chosen....
I find really fascinating that the "kilometers deep strange looking underground lab" isn't just science fiction
witch lab was it?
but i did i love it so much i cant stop watching it
Exactly, I'd honestly be disappointed if there's no top secret resident evil like research being carried out in these labs
These are the underground labs that are PUBLIC, think of the countless projects deep underground that aren’t.
@@splorgify bro, I am thinking of the same thing. Where super sketchy research takes place. I am sure someone has experimented with human ape hybrids, that's where it will be conducted.
Someone wanted to know where these places can be found so I did the hard work and put them here!
😄
Also thanks for the video!!! I love these videos a lot! 🤍
(Thank you everyone in the comment section, I have always smile on my face when I open this comment section up, digging the ground/internet has been my thing since childhood so this was super fun to do!)
Okay, here it goes:
Skipping the sewer lines&mains + Typical Subway-tunnels (most countries have them)
Dixià Chéng: Peking, China
Rome Catacombs: Rome, Italia
Paris Catacombs: Paris, France
Yamate Tunnel: Japan
Alexandria Catacombs: Egypt
Priest's Grotto: Ukraine
Toca da Boa Vista: Brazilia
Atlas F: Multiple different locations in USA
Sistema Ox Bel Ha: Mexico
Hampstead Station: London, UK
Deep Dive Dubai: Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Odessa catacombs: Odessa, Ukraine
Washington park station: Portland, Oregon, USA
Park Pobedy: Moscow, Russia
Derinkuyu: Turkey
Admiralteyskaya: St. Petersburg, Russia
Arsenalna: Kiev, Ukraine
Pyongyang metro: North Korea
Mammoth Cave: Kentucky, USA
Channel Tunnel: England+ France under the sea level
Sistema Dos Ojos: Mexico
Sala Silver Mine: Sweden
Large Hadron Collider: Switzerland-France
Seikan tunnel: Japan
Cave of Crystals: Mexico
Wieliczka Salt mine: Poland
Woodingdean water well: Brighton&Hove, UK
Lötschberg Base Tunnel: Switzerland
Lechuguilla Cave: USA
Onkalo spent nuclear fuel repository: Olkiluoto, Finland
Tears of the Turtle Cave: Montana, USA
Shuanghedong Cave network: China
Schacht Asse II repository: Germany
Kamioka Observatory: Japan
Kazumura Cave: Hawaii
Komsomolskaya Mine: Vorkuta, Russia
Gouffe Berger: France
Siebenhengste-Hohgant-Höhle: Switzerland
Sanford Underground Research: Switzerland
Sistema Huauatla: Mexico
Modane Underground Laboratory: France
Gouffe Mirolda: France
Sarma Cave: Georgia
China Nuclear commander bunker: China
Sudbury Neutrino Observatory: Ontario, Canada
Krubera-Voronja Cave: Georgia
Veryovkina Cave: Georgia
China Jinping Underground Laboratory: China
Creighton Mine: Canada
Gotthard Base Tunnel: Switzerland
Morro Velho: Brazil
Kolar Gold Fields: India
Empire Mine State Historic Park: California, USA
Maersk Drilling Raya-1: Uruguay
TauTona Mine: South Africa
Mponeng Gold Mine: South Africa
Bertha Rogers: Oklahoma, USA
Deepwater Horizon: Gulf of Mexico
Kola Superdeep Borehole: Pechengsky District, Murmanskaya, Russia
(If I missed something, please add them down here! I looked everything up withing a 2 hour period so I might have missed something) ✨🤍
Superb work!! 👋👋
Your forgot the addresses and phone numbers :)
I was hoping for the specific location of the Chinese nuclear command bunker 🕵️♂️
Absolute Legend!!!
Thanks!
add: Komsomolskaya mine is in the Vorkuta town
There is something weirdly unnerving and both fascinating about the idea of these extremely scientific laboratories being stored hundreds to thousands of meters underground, the Kamioka Observatory especially fascinating me because it's like a huge cylinder underground.
It's deep underground like that because it's designed to detect Neutrinos, which are cosmic particles that are able to easily phase through the entire Earth. Having them super deep underground makes certain that neutrinos will be the only thing they pick up.
Something interesting about kola superdeep borehole is that they discovered that at that depth rocks start to behave more like plastic. We may only guess what the consistency of the mantle must be like. The bore hole only reached as far as a third of way through the crust.
Just goes to show how thick the crust is
Yeah. A dumbass crust.
Appreciate the depth marker on the right, it helped keep reference when there was nothing else on screen.
Wow, 90% of those incredibly deep (or deeply below a mountain) locations I had never heard of before!
And there are many more you will never hear of too.
@@chriswalls5648 exactly...disturbing to say the least... No I want to go on, there is definitely more than meets the eye in this world, I mean truly we live in a spirit induced world, people who believe in figures they've never seen, but are talked about like they make more sense than anything else, to UFO sightings in numerous, to the idea that we are on a floating orb in the middle of a neverending vast abyss
thats because "they" dont want you to know
The hand-dug well is insanely impressive!
Yes no shovels either just his hands
@@asleepcloud lmao
@@asleepcloud That's what my dumb ass was initially thinking lol
took 4 years starting in 1858 and finished in 1862 and was all for a workhouse.
The neutrino laboratory in sudbury is part of Creighton mine and is one of the oldest mines in the area. Many cave ins there and awfully hot down at the 7000 ft level. They have a ice catch for keeping the mine cool during summer. My home town. We live down there for 12 hours a day.
They have a escape way, it would take 2.5 days to climb out.
Tell me that's not a horror movie in the making!
😬
Woww
You MUST have nerves of steel! Scares me just to think of going below sewer levels 😬
@@paulgibbon5991 There's a sci-fi novel involving it...Hominids, by Robert J. Sawyer.
I've been down to a depth of a little over 2000 meters at the Mount Isa R62 mine (listed at 1900 meters but it's gone much further since that depth was official). Started working there are a timberman at the very bottom, installing/repairing poly pipe for water/compressed air, and vent bag for breathing air. Basically the stuff that people need to work, we went in without it and installed it. It's around 40-45 degrees Celsius and so incredibly humid.
I'm glad I worked there because I've explored somewhere 99% of people only see in movies. But I was also glad to get out when I got a job above at the smelter.
I always love the scale out at the end. Sooo cool. Excellent work MetaBallStudios
Bot
The incredible part is that there might be caves at depths beyond anything we’ve built. But the super deep bore hole showed that at such depths the ground gets hot and begins to be incredibly difficult to move out of the way.
That's deep.
I'm sure there is more that we'll never know about.
The deepest mine Mponeng at 4,000 meters. The stone boils water at that level, and it is all done through explosives. This is the deepest a human can go, but it's no where near as deep the the Mariana Trench.
I'd heard of the Kola Superdeep Borehole and was expecting it to win--and it did. But I didn't realize that oil wells like Deepwater Horizon came as close as they did to that depth.
I wonder how the textonic action doesn't crumble the kola borehole? I guess they built it in a very stable location? You'd think little earthquakes and slipping rock would crack the tunnel and block it.
I saw a youtube video of it, if it wasn't a lie and coverup by the russians then it's a weirdly uneventful place. I think it was in a collapses building, and it's just a tiny hatch on the ground. You'd expect a worldwide wonder like that to be in a room in a museum, with tables and scientists and test equipment or something lol
I didn't know the large hedron collider was so deep! Awesome video as always
I thought it was at surface level myself.
@@dopedrums Me too.
Nice and sturdy that far down, and if explodes (not impossible, although the goofy "black hole" thing is) then everyone on the surface is safe because of the distance.
It’s under an alp.
The problem we run into when drilling super deep is the torque required to turn the drill string, the temperatures downhole and the pressures required to pump mud down the pipe and back up the annulus (to remove the rock being drilled). All of these mechanics have limits that modern equipment isn’t designed to exceed. Steel threaded pipe for example has finite torsional and tensile properties, not to mention the threads on each joint which could be a vulnerability especially if the hole isn’t truly vertical all the way down. Btw, there are holes drilled deeper than the borla but they’re drilled horizontally for the most part. When drilling laterally, the temperature aspect may be manageable but the pressure and torque/tensile limitations are more prevalent.
@@realitykicksin8755 Again the limitation is pressure (and in the case of motors, achieving differential pressure). Even with 70pcf mud, hydrostatic pressure at 40,000’ TVD is close to 20,000 psi which is far outside of the limitations of any mud pumps I know of.
What if use lightest drilling mud possible, something like liquified NH3? Or split tube into multiple “airlock” sections with multiple pumps that works consequentially?
@@apacheaccountant9757 while I’m not an expert in the sequential pumps you’re talking about, the nitrogen introduces a different kind of problem. Without heavy mud to provide a buoyancy on the drill string, the length of pipe needed to drill further would be too heavy. For example, the borehole is 9” ID so we can maybe assume they were using the strongest 5.5” 24.7 ppf drill pipe. Without buoyancy to reduce the weight of the string, it would weigh about 988klbs. The tensile for this S135 pipe is only 704klbs nominally. So, lots of factors working against each other hence they could not drill deeper.
Correction: ammonia* not nitrogen. Regardless, even with ammonia (with a SG of .59) it would still create a heavy work string. Not to mention the PV and shear rate of Nitrofied mud or NH3 are far too low to reliably carry cuttings all the way to surface in my opinion.
What if exclude a pump and drill string at all and use some heavy liquid so cuttings could float to the surface? Liquid with 5E3 kg/m3 would be enough for most minerals. Of course, in this case electric drill should have heavy sinker to create axial force at the bottom.
it’s amazing that all these things were built in relatively the same place, must have made it real easy for the cameraman
😂🤣
The video makes these tunnels and holes seem quite deep, but they have really only just scratched the surface of the Earth. Impressive feats nonetheless!
For anyone wondering about this the Kola borehole is about 7.5 miles (12 kilometers) deep while the continental surface of the earth is about 25 miles (40 kilometers). However the oceanic crust is only about 4 miles deep (6 kilometers)
I was hoping that at the very end of the video the camera would pull back to show everything in the context of the earth's mantle.
Would be cool if the places had countries mentioned also.
I know that Morro Velho and Toca da Boa Vista (the largest cave in South Hemisphere, with roughly 100km) are located in Brazil
@Talbot I was thinking the same thing. :)
It's a homework
Thought that too, but then it made me Google them and learn things I didn’t know
'Melissa the violinist' has listed them in the comment section
I was amazed at how deep the caves are, but then I realized it is not the depth below sea level but below the cave entrance. So even though a cave might be really "deep" it is actually still up a mountain. For example, the deepest point of Kubera Cave is 2km below the entrance, but the entrance is 4km up a mountain, so the cave "bottom" is actually quite high up. I tried to find which cave is the furthest below sea level, but strangely this does not seem to be a commonly tracked fact. I kept getting directed to the Kola borehole, which is clearly not a cave.
I believe it is a diamond cave in South Africa.
That is logical. The vast majority of caves is formed way above sealevel by water seeping into the ground and dissolving the rock. The water in caves will - as all water does - flow towards the sea. Mostly the water will surface somewhere in a spring, which feeds a river, which finally goes to the sea. Sometimes, the spring (or resurgence) can be situated in the sea itself (like the famous Mexican blue holes) . The bottom line is that any cave/spring that is below the sealevel, will be totally drowned and can only be explored by cave divers or sometimes ROV's. That limits the depth considerably. The deepest cave dive is by Xavier Meniscus who dived the Font d'Estramar spring to a depth of 286 m. Since this spring is situated at sealevel, this makes it also to deepest human explored cave below sealevel.
Yes, this is the somewhat misleading part of this video, that you can't really compare two things from here because they are ordered by the depth measured from the earth surface where they are located. They are not all measured relative to the same point, say sea level. For instance, Gotthard tunnel is placed at 2450m under but relative to sea level it's a good way up, more than 1000m so it shouldn't have been depicted at the 2450m under the same surface as the other things.
@@cyber-dude yeah the Gothard Base Tunnel for example sounds real deep until you realize it's 8,000 something feet below the peak of the mountain not below sea level. It's a major flaw in this video.
Listen to the sounds from the Kola Superdeep
I just noticed the little trick at 2:13, where it introduces the oil wells on the right edge of the screen, to draw your eye there just as the scale appears. Nicely done!
I was one of the two miners that drove the initial jackleg drift to the location of the SNO Lab in Sudbury, I was new at the company, INCO, and one miner got hurt, my supervisor asked me if I could drive a jackleg track drift and I replied a simple yes, this was at the start of our shift on 7200 ft level Creighton Mine 1988. He said ok, tomorrow report to 6800 level. Same as working at 7200 it was damn hot, one engineer measured it at 150 degrees F at the face. Once the drift was completed other crews came in to open the cavern.
facinating
did you have any scary experiences while working underground?
Yes plenty, at Creighton we had rock bursts regularly. Lost a few friends and many co workers.@@Dupstan
Kinda makes one wonder how precious minerals and metals are detected at such depths.
They probably aren’t. They probably just start digging based off of probability
Then it’s there, or it’s not
@@zaczane a lot of early mining was based off of calculations
they just turn on x ray texture pack and its ez
Understanding what minerals occur in what geological strata and formations. The presence of some minerals can be an indicator (silver is found alongside lead-zinc deposits for example) or rock types (tin is found in granite formations but not copper).
Mining sciences are a very expansive and ancient field of study
@@exnihiloadnihilum5094
That's what i was thinking. They form under specific conditions in specific places.
All geoengineers or whatever have to say is 'this fold of rock under this mountain exhibits the proper characteristics. The fold at the bottom where X should be precipitating is 980 meters down. '
These videos (all of them) are mesmerizing. I went down a potash mine on a friends and family tour once. I’d known, but hardly believed it till I saw it for myself, that there is a whole industrial world deep underground. Enormous equipment, vehicles, everything so clean and orderly. A “fun” part of the tour was when they turned the lights off. The intensity of the blackness … Anyway I may be a miner’s daughter and granddaughter and great granddaughter etc but once underground was enough for me 😁
Great video, would've love to seen the comparison of these to the actual depth of the earths crust and even to the centre.
I was thinking exactly that 👍🏾
The best comparison is that if the Earth was an apple, the crust would be the skin of the apple. That means that humans haven't even broken the skin yet.
@@FauxRegard Exactly this! Would put everything in a real perspective!
It's about 8000km to the core, they went 12 km lol
Would've been pointless, because humankind has yet to come even close to breaching the first layer of earth's crust, which is estimated to be 40km deep
I went to Mammoth Cave a couple of months ago. I'm pretty sure the cave goes deeper than that, I could be wrong. Being down there, crawling through tight areas, made the world outside feel like a distant memory.
I've always been simultaneously fascinated and frightened by caves and underground human-made facilities. It also reminds me that, with all the (justified) attention given to outer-space exploration, we really don't know that much about the earth underneath our feet and the deepest ocean depths.
Indeed--there's probably a lot of caves that we don't even know about because they don't have an accessible link to the surface, or no link at all.
There's a reason The Descent is in my top 5 shit-scariest films list.
Geologists and speleologists have calculated that only 10% of all caves have been discovered. So the potential for new and truly monstrously big caves is very real. One interesting thing to think about, the deepest caves in the world all formed in mountain ranges, where the water would slowely carve a path downward through the rocks, helped by CO2 dissolved it in making it acidic and as a result dissolving the rock, and gravity pulling it all to the lowest point. As a rule caves would stop becoming any deeper once they hit the water table, instead spreading outwards mostly horizontally from there on. The current deepest cave in the world is Verovkyna cave in Georgia, at the start of the Caucasus mountains, which is 2200 meters deep and reaches all the way from the top of the mountain to sea level, meaning it can't get any deeper unless the sea level would drastically lower. However there are plenty of mountain ranges made of limestone which are a lot higher than that, and so in theory any caves there could potentially be just as deep as the mountain in formed in. For the Andes mountains that can be as much as 6000+ meters, in the Himalays even as much as 8000+ meters. Caves have been discovered in the Himalays in mountains of 6000+ meters tall but thus far only very little of those caves has been explored because they're so hard to reach and in such inhospitable places, but their potential is absolutely astronomical....
@@pieterveenders9793 Maybe the Himalayan ones lead to Shambhala lol
If the earth was an apple, the crust would be the skin of the apple. We haven't even pierced the skin.
And the oceans would be a bit of moisture on the skin.
@@bard-anilsen well no, the oceans go quite deep in many places, and insanely deep in some. It more would be akin to the moisture within the skin I think.
@@bard-anilsen The average depth of the ocean is like 4 kilometres, the average thickness of oceanic crust is like 6-8 Kilometres, so the water layer is often almost as thick as the crust itself.
@@ClassicCoreNightcore That's because it's hollow like many other orbital bodies.
To put the Kola Borehole into perspective: The distance they drilled into the earth is greater than the distance above the earth that planes fly.
@@johnperic6860 Wow, I really did say less instead of greater. Welp, you are correct, at any rate. I MEANT to say greater. They drilled deeper than the distance above the earth that planes fly. Thank you for catching that, because obviously I didn't.
They wanted to drill deeper, but it turned out that at this depth the underground layers are in constant motion.
@@СергейГлухов-э2йalso their drill kept melting
The rock temperature here is around 180°C
It would be great to see comparison of fictional underground/underwater structures like Black Mesa
And Zion from Matrix
I agree, let’s up vote this to make it happen!
fictitious comparisons, strongly agree
Yes!!! I was also thinking of fictional places like Black Mesa or some SCP sites while I watched. That would make such a great sequel to this video!
@@osasunaitor he could do a whole video on just SCP and it’s last like 6 hours
“Gly”: As a UA-cam creator and abandoned mine explorer who spends allot of his time underground this was quite interesting. Nice work, I enjoyed the 3D aspect of this presentation very much.
I want that with fictional installations. like laboratories of resident evil, bunkers of war games, mines etc
Let me just say that this video made me go "Wut?" And run to Google/Wikipedia more than any of your other videos. I learned so much today!
Also, can I just say that I really appreciate the showmanship of having hints of something else in the background while you show off something else. I love that in the "biggest" videos, where even as you're focusing on something you see a GIANT foot in the background that makes one think, "What on Earth is that?!" In this case with those boreholes always present when focusing on other things, I kept wondering what on Earth they were! Another amazing video!
I and I think that the vast majority of subscribers, we did not know that these places exist, every day you learn something new
Without me going on Google, I think with the last one, they stopped drilling because it got too hot to continue.
From the moment I saw them I knew one of them was the superdeep borehole, and I had a feeling at least one of them was for oil drilling.
Yeah, me too. I guessed that those were oil well holes. Except, the last isn't. It's just a hole to see how deep they could go. Just think of the equipment they must use to have a drill digging and pulling up material all the way from the top to the bottom and back.
@@oddities-whatnot yep
3:01 Wow that's a deep well. Hand-dug too.
Missed opportunity to zoom out and show the thickness of the earth crust to demonstrate the size of the earth.
Love it! As an urban explorer, I've only been at -42m beneath the city surface, exploring a rainwater drain. This drain was so deep that at some points the subway tunnels passed above us.
As a person who used to live in St Petersburg for a while, I don’t remember a day I wasn’t at 70m below the sea
So you're homeless and unemployed. Gotcha.
It never ceases to amaze me the amount of work you put in to these videos! I wasn't aware of half of these places and had no idea we had quite that many man-made places so deep. Also, thank you for adding feet so I didn't have to do the conversion myself.
fun fact : It wasn't in the video, but actually Z-44 Chayvo Well in Sakhalin, Russia, reached 12,376 meters in 2012, taking the title of the deepest hole in the world.
fun fact 2 : The maximum depth from the video is 12,262 meters, or 12.2 kilometers, but the Earth's radius is 6,371 kilometers (6,371,000 meters), so even the deepest hole in the Earth is less than one-500th of the Earth's radius.
Yes, the biosphere is incredibly thin. Life happens all within a film a few kilometers in thickness. To the cosmos, our entire existence is little more than a petri dish. I watched a video once from a sci-fi enthusiast who said that a planetary civilization could never, in any situation, successfully defend itself once space-superiority (like air-superiority) was lost. I disagree with that. If a planet was industrialized and technologically advanced so far beyond our current situation, that the entire thing (planet) became a giant organism of sorts, it would be truly monstrous. With thousands of cubic kilometers of machinery, projects such as capturing (removing) the entire atmosphere would be like a simple chore. Guns the size of skyscrapers could be constructed by the millions, launching hypersonic projectiles at targets across space. Lasers in the gigawatt range could accelerate long range projectiles to over 90% the speed of light. Manufacturing would be so vast as to make it possible to evacuate and fill with ablative armor country-sized landing sites for asteroids or small moons to be brought to the planet for consumption.
@@JWQweqOPDH yeah but losing space-superiority is just a sure way for your planet to be besieged from space and no way of obtaining resources from other planets (which is a very important aspect for spacefaring race).
And if an enemy can take out our space warfare capabilities, you bet your ass they can glass an entire planet too
@@JWQweqOPDH A society that warlike would never achieve that level of technology before it destroyed itself with factionalism. We've got to leave that "last millennium" mindset in the past and really cooperate to reach the next level for humanity.
1:49 wow, love the detail of the walking person. Nice touch!
Imagine looking down at the ground while flying 40,000ft in an airplane. That's how deep the Kola Superdeep Borehole is.
Guys I've been to Hampstead Tube Station and it's literally some kind of spatial illusion from Hell. When we were kids me and my brothers couldn't wait for the elevator so we took the stairs not knowing it was the deepest station in London, and it just keeps going and going and going and it stops being funny a long long time before you get to the top. Only when you think you're actually going to die and be stuck there forever do you actually reach the summit of a totally pedestrian highstreet where no one there is aware of the Mount Everest that you have just climbed.
Crazy how humans managed to make underground cities, underground bunkers, underground observatories and much more deep inside the Earth.
muchas gracias por tus vídeos!! siempre me paso mínimo 1 hora investigando sobre los lugares que pones en los vídeos, y termino descubriendo un montón de cosas nuevas y inimaginables
You are one of the best things on youtube. the visuals are so realistic, the music is always perfect to truly allow you to reflect and wonder, the 3d modelling is perfect. You are an artist!. Thank you for your wondeful videos. Now abput the video is mind boggling what humans are capable of doing, how deep we digged. And all those caves. did homo sapiens lived there in the past? Supposedly they had enough oxigen? is absolutely misterios. This planet is beautiful.
When the prehistoric people lived, those deep caves were not so deep at all.
This comment is so true and beautiful. ♥️
Human engineering never stops amazing me honestly
I grew up only a few hours away from mammoth cave and went all the time so it was super cool to see it here
0:25 It would be funny if you had put a *Winnie The Pooh* poster instead
Nah that's for xi
@@datarioplays LMAO 😉
6:11 When you get here and remember something,
KGF 😎😎😎
My dad and I have been enjoying your videos so much! So informative and interesting. I always find myself going down a rabbit hole of research on all the things i never knew about before seeing your content!
This is one of the coolest perspective videos that I have ever seen!
If you drop your car keys down the Kola Borehole, just forget it, they're gone.
Your videos are amazing - they often fill me with a mixture of wonder and existential dread (the dread in this one coming from the thought of people like the Chilean miners who got stuck at such extreme depths). Keep up the good work!
Great video, but you are missing the asteroid drill depth from Armageddon - Bruce Willis sacrificed a lot for that.
the astroid depth was 800 ft
I love MetaBallStudios, one of the best channels
Mponeng Gold Mine 6:35
(Deepest mine in the world)
- A Gold mine in south Africa.
- Opened in 1980s
- The trip from the surface to the bottom of the mine takes over and hour.
- The mine contains at least two gold reefs, with the deepest one metre thick.
7:41
This shot truly reveals how deep all of that is...
And I thought it was creepy being a few stories underground! Fantastic video and I'm astonished to see how deep underground some people work every day.
It's amazing that all these things are under the same house...
You did a crazy job making that video, i respect your work, thank you very much :]
This epic video made me re-read the WOOL TRILOGY...
Well done! This was one of the most enthralling videos I've ever seen from MBS and frankly I could've taken more time to explore those caverns!
MBS, this is a FANTASTIC video!!! I loved it!! Thank you.
These animations are great. I love seeing the sense of scale at the end.
Awesome video. I’m gonna write my next thriller novel to your music on repeat. It’s excellent!!
The great space music!!! Wonderful!!😅
As always, absolutely mind blowing! Keep up the good work!
Why the shit are those labs so deep
To prevent interference from outside sources such as man made EM fields.
Yet another very entertaining MBS video.
Absolutely amazing!! I had no idea half of these places exist! So cool, subscribed👍
The Kola Borehole still gets me, because it was basically people going "Let's dig the deepest whole we can just to see how deep we can actually go. Just because."
1) WOAH. I didn’t know they could put train tunnels under mountains! 2) was i the only person getting slightly claustrophobic by this amazing video?
No, my heart had a few flutters when I imaged being 2000m down!
Um… mountains is the top reason to build tunnels.
Though the depth is from peak, most of the tunnel is not that deep, and technically it is at about entrance ground level.
@@iain8837 Once was in a cave they have not found the end of.. 42km and counting lol
I love learning from these videos. Especially about things you never hear about, like underground structures.
Would be cool to show what temperatures are on different depths!
Ooh that would be interesting. I wonder if it's like the atmosphere, and goes both up and down as you descend.
@@dethmaul it goes hot
3 degrees Celcius / 100 meters
yeah, would be very interesting. or maybe, how old it is.
Uffff ! The falling down sensations looking at this video are great; Good work !
That hand dug tunnel is impressive
Expecting to see Freddy Fazbear's Pizzeria at the bottom
Very fun video to watch, but on reflection, the quality of the editing, music & graphics combined I took for granted, video really is really top notch! Kudos to who put it together!
I mean, 5:23 - the little guy walking that I dare say a lot didn't even notice & walking in rhythm to the music is just flexing on another level.
This is very well done, I didn't know the LHC near where I live was so deep.
It would have been nice to zoom out much further after the Kola bore to show how ridiculously shallow it is compared to the size of the Earth.
Have to stop every few seconds to google those places.
Thanks for putting this up together, very well presented.
I'm so glad that they haven't faced a balrog yet.
So is this a video about where all my lost socks go?
Been subbed to you forever now. The videos keep getting more and more amazing every time! Keep up the great (and informative) work!
5:44
Level 2 of the backrooms
This is what it feels like when we do basement digouts
It'd be interesting to see the same, but for fictional caves! Moria, Black Mesa, Aperture Science, D'ni Cavern... There's a lot
I like how several laboratory facility is so deep underground.
Its like they're researching something illegal.
you noticed its Chinese guess were 19 came from ?? makes you wonder what they are doing down there !!
I think the kamioka observatory is for detecting neutrinos
@@johnsiders7819 You follow too much conspiracy stuff. Take a break, you're derailing
Haha, China definitely lying 🤥
@@johnsiders7819 It's a great place for darrrrrk experiments. If whatever is down there escapes, then we have enough time to seal the cave or kill ourselves. :)
Now I want to see this depth comparison again but with fictional stuff from video games or movies, like Portal and it's massive underground facility
Very cool. It's amazing how crazy deep some of that stuff is. I didn't realize that the LHC, for example, was that far down.
WoW this was very informative by giving us the detailed side-by-side comparisons that are nicely illustrated. Thanks for the video
Maybe it's the music, maybe the fact that it's underground, or just maybe it's my lifetime of training with video games that makes me expect each one to be more sinister than the last.
I have an idea for a video: Listing the heights of the tallest building from every country.
I work at the Lucky Friday Mine in north idaho, the #4 shaft has a depth of 9,587’ below ground making it the deepest mine in North America. Could have made the list!
Wow, this Mponeng mine is insanely deep. When I was still working as a miner, the deepest place I visited was the 1050 m level and I thought that was impressive back then.
I checked some of these and this video is spot on. Very impressed
American Rock Salt mine where I work is about 1200 feet below surface. It is located in Mount Morris, NY, USA. It is presently the largest producer of rock salt in the USA.
When you’re 3 minutes in and your already so 655m deep! 😳
4:30 I went in the Siebenhengste-Hohgant cave system, although not nearly to the bottom and I've seen maybe a few percent of it. Still, it's a beautiful place, and I hope I'll be able to explore it a bit more in the future.
YOUR ALIVE?
Minecraft mineshafts be like: 6:39
Nice touch there with the x-wing fighter! Another awesome video, good stuff !!! 🌑
Dang, most of these things I didn't know even existed.
This was awesome and eye-opening!
Still disappointed there wasn't a y=-58 best level for diamonds tho lol.
y=-54 if you want to avoid lava flowing onto your head.
@@SupersuMC good point thx 🤣😂🤣