Gibbs free energy and spontaneity | Chemistry | Khan Academy

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  • Опубліковано 17 січ 2025
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    Intuition behind why spontaneity is driven by enthalpy, entropy and temperature. Introduction to Gibbs free energy. Created by Sal Khan.
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КОМЕНТАРІ • 148

  • @hamzie11
    @hamzie11 12 років тому +149

    For my final exam i said the reaction was SPONTEAUS
    I am now repeating the subject

  • @xiaowenxu1505
    @xiaowenxu1505 6 років тому +21

    It is just amazing!I never knew before where the energy released or absorbed by the reaction come from.I never knew why T is involved in calculating gibbs free energy.Thank you so much!

  • @GODintheface88
    @GODintheface88 15 років тому +12

    "imagine tryin to screwdrive something while runnin past it"
    haha amazing! totally using that someday

  • @Metanoiance
    @Metanoiance 11 років тому +3

    pff... Who needs Campbridge or Harvard when you have the Khan Academy... You guys are the best! Brilliant and easy explanations! Makes learning FUN

  • @clm4231
    @clm4231 13 років тому +3

    Thanks Sal Khan, with your help I will be able to finish my medical program and eventually I will be able to help thousands of patients.

  • @Masrur111
    @Masrur111 9 років тому +26

    Sal is the best!

  • @Sleduuschaya
    @Sleduuschaya 15 років тому

    Gee people. Don't like it don't watch it. What can be slow for some is just the right pace for others.
    You want speedy stream of information? Go sit at the lectures in college. Or better yet, grab a text book and start "understanding at your own speed" instead of wasting your time critiquing somebody's charitable work.
    I am, for one, am very grateful for somebody who TOOK THEIR TIME and reiterated the information in a simple and a non-pompous way.

  • @leenthebeenbag
    @leenthebeenbag 10 років тому +115

    SPONTEOUS

  • @108titan
    @108titan 8 років тому +5

    thank you! I like how you realised how good your analogy is around the 11 minute mark

  • @sciencenerd7639
    @sciencenerd7639 3 роки тому +5

    Sal's way of explaining things is so awesome

  • @luchis117
    @luchis117 12 років тому +35

    Spoteous sounds like a Greek Hero

  • @hussam023
    @hussam023 11 років тому +1

    After 10 mints of this video suddenly whole thermodynamics made sense....gr8 intuitive video

  • @ginoxxxx09
    @ginoxxxx09 11 років тому +9

    Excellent! in less than 20 min more understanding of thermodynamics than dozens of lectures

  • @shix1Resolve
    @shix1Resolve 12 років тому +1

    I spent a whole week of classes learning this stuff, still confused. but after 20mins of khan academy my brain just learnt it all.

  • @mrqreeny
    @mrqreeny 14 років тому +5

    And from that day off, I started to understand 'Gibbs free energy'...
    This explenation definitely blew away all my questions about this topic :D
    Thnx!

  • @ar33z
    @ar33z 14 років тому +1

    You make me wanna do some vids of my own just to help people in the way this videos you help me! Thank you :)

  • @rebeccaliang8915
    @rebeccaliang8915 4 роки тому +2

    You linked so many things together for me in this 17 min!!! Thank you so much!

  • @stephensells6038
    @stephensells6038 10 років тому +5

    THANK YOU SO MUCH!!! This was extremely helpful

  • @joshuawalker8297
    @joshuawalker8297 4 роки тому +1

    That was the best explanation of this concept I have ever seen.

  • @mollyclifford4087
    @mollyclifford4087 2 роки тому

    Ugh thank you so so so much!!!! Always the best and fun to watch!

  • @hatchedarea
    @hatchedarea 15 років тому +1

    but in chemistry its always drilled into our heads that the reason increased temperature increases reaction rate because it makes particles more likely to hit each other, it seems in contradiction with the analogy that increased temp will reduce the spontaniety of the reaction. Why would increased heat help out a reaction sometimes and not in others? Is this simple a problem with the explanation they give to students?

  • @ull893
    @ull893 12 років тому

    Khan says, I feel pretty good about this equation. I agree with you Mr. Khan. Are u related to Salman Khan the actor anyway?? You are awesome...You are the avatar who is born to revolutionise the education system of this world.!!

  • @kavieyu2281
    @kavieyu2281 10 років тому +1

    It is a good one and it makes things more clear! Thanks a lot!

  • @LannieCamper
    @LannieCamper 8 років тому +2

    Can you do a video on the graphs for these for the new Alevel syllabus please

  • @Donaldbeebi
    @Donaldbeebi 7 років тому +1

    u made it intuitive for me, thanks

  • @halitozgur6166
    @halitozgur6166 4 роки тому

    Thanks to your guts, I have finally understood what Gibbs free energy is.

  • @redemptous
    @redemptous 15 років тому

    Nice leisurely and clear explanation, thanks

  • @nishantdaima34
    @nishantdaima34 11 років тому +1

    Thank U a lot....
    Really..

  • @dr.strange123
    @dr.strange123 5 років тому

    Helpful video.

  • @jenniferwang946
    @jenniferwang946 4 роки тому +1

    I wasn’t even a kindergartner when this video came out lol.

  • @BOONDOCKSUNKNOWN
    @BOONDOCKSUNKNOWN 3 роки тому

    Thanks you keep inspiring people and keep doing great things

  • @rotivo99
    @rotivo99 4 роки тому

    why do we want the equation to be negative? 13:37

  • @ashsiddique
    @ashsiddique 15 років тому

    This really helped me, thanks!

  • @lEmiliee
    @lEmiliee 8 років тому +1

    aaaamazing video can't thank you enough

  • @sayantanghosh6714
    @sayantanghosh6714 3 роки тому

    Amazing explanations. Thank you!

  • @EclipZeMuzik
    @EclipZeMuzik 6 років тому

    i really like this keep up the good work!

  • @13250
    @13250 14 років тому +1

    Master, thanks man!!

  • @manohartk
    @manohartk 13 років тому

    Awesome!! thanks..

  • @kipling1957
    @kipling1957 7 років тому

    Brilliant! Now I get it.

  • @NaturallyHigh
    @NaturallyHigh 12 років тому

    *I've used this in the Caribbean and the Netherlands.

  • @flowersbyellenoh9634
    @flowersbyellenoh9634 9 місяців тому

    Could you explain why in an endothermic reaction with positive entropy, the rxn is spontaneous when the temperature is high? I understand it mathematically but if you can show or explain at the atomic/molecule level, I would really appreciate it!

  • @kagamer21
    @kagamer21 3 роки тому

    Thank you!

  • @Limitless306
    @Limitless306 4 роки тому +1

    brilliant

  • @pratyushbadrinath3420
    @pratyushbadrinath3420 11 років тому

    Thanks a lot. Really helped :D

  • @mijnkampvuur
    @mijnkampvuur 13 років тому

    very well explained!

  • @MrTartaruga543
    @MrTartaruga543 9 років тому +3

    masterful explanation, thank you !!

  • @cspower12
    @cspower12 11 років тому

    I have a bio mid-term coming up, thank you :) :) :)

  • @RImAPhan
    @RImAPhan 12 років тому

    thank you very much.

  • @elizabethchung5285
    @elizabethchung5285 8 років тому +1

    THANK YOU

  • @ryandavis9455
    @ryandavis9455 8 років тому

    This is le chatelier: When heat is a product (exothermic), high temperature will shift the reaction toward the reactants and low temperature will shift the reaction toward the products. When heat is a reactant (endothermic), high temperature will shift the reaction toward the products and low temperature will shift the reaction toward the reactants.

  • @sxyngel
    @sxyngel 12 років тому

    very helpful video :O so easy to understand.. LOLs at the "magenta molecule part" (not pink ;p) gatta love brainy chemists

  • @drdoovey5425
    @drdoovey5425 12 років тому

    Yeah, I am aware decimals are above zero :P ... I was just pointing out that it could seem confusing to other people. I'm just talking in terms of explaining, It would be more simple to just say positive or negative, which are the agreed when dealing with the sign for energy. Just to be clear, I wasn't the one confused. I'm a chemistry tutor, and sometimes my students ask that exact question (albeit out of a bit of stupidity), but they are the ones who do get confused, and it doesn't help.

  • @Upgradezz
    @Upgradezz 4 роки тому

    thank you

  • @sirixilus
    @sirixilus 2 роки тому

    golden video

  • @Cokenijn
    @Cokenijn 14 років тому

    thanks!

  • @VinceW271
    @VinceW271 11 років тому

    Cosider the Reaction: 2Hg) (s) --> 2Hg (l) + O2 (g)
    Bond:
    Hg=O 340kJ/mol
    O=O 498 kJ/mol
    How do i solve this?
    My answer was exothermic but it was wrong. It should be endothermic.
    This is how i solved it:
    Enthalpy Before: 2(340) = 680
    Enthalpy After: 498
    Change in Enthalpy: 498 - 680= -182
    Therefore, the reaction is exothermic because energy is released from the bond.
    Can you please tell me what i did wrong and how to solve it.
    Thank You

  • @jeanlucthomson2323
    @jeanlucthomson2323 11 років тому

    Does anyone else notice that the "Daily Statistics" shows huge spikes just before the exams?
    Seasonal trend, I wonder what it means?

  • @chris082681
    @chris082681 13 років тому

    Definitely helped... good thing i'm not studying english. i think i would sponteausly fail.

  • @hatchedarea
    @hatchedarea 14 років тому

    @natymed360 Thanks for your answer. Actually, my sister typed up that comment, I'll be sure to pass your answer on to her.

  • @rddaos
    @rddaos 15 років тому

    He doesn't need to script every sentence, he just needs some notes so that he doesn't spend 30 minutes rambling to himself without presenting more than 30 seconds of information. But i suppose dummies can't absorb more than 30 seconds of information per 1/2 hour

  • @rafaelblancovillafane3967
    @rafaelblancovillafane3967 4 роки тому

    What software do they use as a blackboard?

  • @mackinnon182
    @mackinnon182 14 років тому

    i don't understand how in example 2 the second state is less entropic that the first. The first look like elements and the second a compound. Is the element more orderly? Or is that not important in terms of the demo?

  • @shauryaverma2705
    @shauryaverma2705 2 роки тому +1

    ❤️❤️

  • @sarahfaress5957
    @sarahfaress5957 6 років тому

    so at equilibrium (forward rate equals reverse rate so the reaction is still moving in both directions) and delta G = 0, does this mean that the reaction is spontaneous in both directions? delta G = 0 means that the free energy of the reactants equals the free energy of the products so the probability for the reaction to move in both direction (spontaneously) is equal? Can someone please chime in?

  • @aniyeats
    @aniyeats 13 років тому

    @leftgirl92
    ya that's why he corrected it...

  • @umnonoob
    @umnonoob 11 років тому

    God bless you

  • @Myat-oh8iy
    @Myat-oh8iy 4 роки тому

    In delta G values - 35 kJ mol-1 and -12 kJ mol-1, which value is closer to equilibrium?

  • @idster7
    @idster7 15 років тому

    @rddaos he's made hundreds of videos. he probably doesn't have time to rehearse before every one of them. these lectures IMO are better at illustrating concepts than any i've seen on the internet. and they are free. so you have no grounds for argument.

  • @sidneydean.
    @sidneydean. 15 років тому

    I disagree, if you want that sort of thing then watching your professor throw stuff on board is more fit for you. Hearing Sal think out loud as he goes along really helps people understand the information.

  • @vamsipothireddy2944
    @vamsipothireddy2944 3 роки тому

    East or west kban academy is best😁😁

  • @markpankiw5430
    @markpankiw5430 8 років тому

    Which videos precede this one ??

  • @cptcabo
    @cptcabo 14 років тому

    Nice

  • @christopherfanger9826
    @christopherfanger9826 6 років тому

    Something that upsets me is how readily really smart scientists confuse mathematical probability with realistic possibility. Just because something is mathematically probable in a current mathematical conception of the universe does not mean that it correlates AT ALL to the realistic possibility of that outcome. To assume that it does would be to assume that our mathematical conceptions correlate perfectly with the world, that our math is a literal, perfect description of whats going on around us. But if it is that then why does it keep getting updated? Probability does not necessarily equal possibility, because the equation you're creating probability out of is not perfectly representative of the material universe.
    tl;dr - no its likely not possible that an egg could spontaneously generate itself from nothing.
    If Im wrong prove it to me.

  • @JohnHorak
    @JohnHorak 11 років тому

    Absolutely. Just not for spelling :)

  • @MissRichox
    @MissRichox 12 років тому

    this guy has more degrees than i have fingers yet he cant spell spontaneous. he's my type of man alright.

  • @rddaos
    @rddaos 15 років тому

    If nobody mentions to him that he's taking 30 minutes to provide 2 minutes of information, then how will he know to improve?

  • @shauryaverma2705
    @shauryaverma2705 2 роки тому +1

    Legend

  • @caramelbutterfli
    @caramelbutterfli 12 років тому

    Im struggling with how to find delta g for reactions with different temperatures. i know the equations but its not giving me a delta s or delta h. It just gives me an equation like
    2NO(g)+O2(g)--->2NO2(g) at a temp of 715k and sayd find delta g. I dont understand how to relate delta g to the temperature.

  • @johnmosheim
    @johnmosheim Рік тому

    If g=0, and I do DH=DS*T, and then T= DH/DS=T, T can be negative, is that possible? What does that Temp represent?

  • @DragonAbyssal
    @DragonAbyssal 13 років тому

    I would probably find this easier to follow if it weren't an assignment. XD

  • @surfrgrlsophia
    @surfrgrlsophia 14 років тому

    I was wondering why it's called Free energy?

  • @nikvenkata
    @nikvenkata 12 років тому

    @jsanford01 wrong "peace", and wrong prize :p

  • @nirvanaurantian6834
    @nirvanaurantian6834 6 років тому

    This makes no sense. H2 + O2 + activation energy = H2O −286 kJ/mol. Thermodynamics taught and applied to chemical reactions? Na and CL come within 0.94 to 0.23 nm what happens?

  • @yukiibeauty07
    @yukiibeauty07 11 років тому

    and UK history!

  • @satriowibowo3412
    @satriowibowo3412 4 роки тому

    Satrio present :)

  • @muninmatt
    @muninmatt 15 років тому

    good video, but you make your "N's" backwards. this was actually distracting :/

  • @mrmust2780
    @mrmust2780 3 роки тому

    How many people are watching this video 2021?

  • @a199ify
    @a199ify 10 років тому +7

    Marry Me?

  • @furmankhann
    @furmankhann 11 років тому

    Plz tell me the name of teacher plzzz plzzzz

  • @jondoe9581
    @jondoe9581 5 років тому

    PHOENIX LIGHTS = free energy

  • @jenniferwang946
    @jenniferwang946 4 роки тому

    Anyone here for AP bio on khan academy?

  • @harshith0001
    @harshith0001 3 роки тому +1

    the analogy is getting weak here 😂

  • @victorcheung9126
    @victorcheung9126 12 років тому

    peace.

  • @joseguzman898
    @joseguzman898 12 років тому

    Piece hehe it should be peace.

  • @angelaflaviano4418
    @angelaflaviano4418 4 роки тому

    I have many problems about electrochemistry, can someone notice me? Help meee

  • @child9125
    @child9125 2 роки тому +1

    Gib me free energy sigh

  • @rithe07
    @rithe07 8 років тому

    "Sponteous" lol great video

  • @frntfrnt
    @frntfrnt 13 років тому

    @Antend0 I watched both and I just wanted to say watch ?v=lGa0_zn_4Qc first
    didn't meant better sorry :S

  • @sidneydean.
    @sidneydean. 15 років тому +1

    ooooook lets not get bent bucko

  • @shimonyamaura8302
    @shimonyamaura8302 5 років тому

    spouteaus