7) History of Ukraine, period: Ukraine integrated into the Russian and Austrian empires 1772-1917

We are delighted to briefly introduce you to Ukraine, a gem of Eastern Europe, rich in diversity and history. Bordered by several countries and the Black and Azov Seas, Ukraine is a historic cultural crossroads. Its capital, kyiv, is one of the oldest cities in Europe, filled with historical monuments.
Since its independence in 1991, Ukraine has faced major challenges, but continues to play a key role on the international stage with a dynamic economy and an expanding technology sector. Ukrainian culture, with its rich traditions and distinctive cuisine, is a testament to the country's authenticity.
Thank you for joining us to explore the history and culture of this fascinating country.
Between 1772 and 1917, Ukraine was partially integrated into the Russian and Austrian empires, following several partitions of Poland and other regional political arrangements. Here is a summary of this complex period:
First partition of Poland (1772): Western Ukraine, mainly the region of Galicia, is annexed by the Austrian Empire. This marks the beginning of Austrian influence in Western Ukraine.
Later partitions of Poland (1793 and 1795): These partitions saw the Russian Empire extend its control over large parts of eastern and central Ukraine. Russia seeks to assimilate these territories by imposing its language and its administration.
The 19th century: Under the Austrian Empire, Ukrainians in Galicia enjoyed a degree of cultural and political autonomy, allowing them to develop a distinct national identity. On the other hand, under the Russian Empire, Russification policies limited the use of the Ukrainian language and repressed nationalist movements.
World War I and revolutions (1914-1917): The collapse of the Russian and Austrian empires during and after the war paved the way for attempts to establish an independent Ukrainian state. This period is marked by internal and external conflicts, national aspirations and foreign interventions.
This period had a lasting impact on Ukrainian history, shaping political, cultural and social relations that continued to influence the region well after 1917.

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