I think this episode was hosted Mirror-Matt from the Mirror Universe. Clues: 1. 0:31 Mirror-Matt says "left to right" but the diagrams fill in right to left. 2. 2:09 A left hand is shown, but at 2:16 Mirror-Matt says, "It looks like your right hand becomes your left." 3. 4:11 "clockwise spin" - yet the ball has left-handed spin. 4. The transformations of the cobalt atom starting at 9:24 ultimately put the party-transformed atom on the left side of the screen. But at 9:48, the atom on the left is labeled "normal", and the original atom is labeled "mirror universe". 5. 12:20 "A mirror-reflected Space Time" mmhmm On the other hand, the zipper on his pants would be on the same side as the regular universe, so I dunno. Maybe the weak force has an influence on how men's pants can be manufactured.
I'll give him the benefit of the doubt, but the whole "Yee and Lang" and the items you mentioned seem to be a tongue in cheek "Mirror Matt" . . . or perhaps he had too much wine before making the video . . . :-P
You said Yee and Lang at 7:29 but it's actually Lee and Yang! (I suspect this was just another easter egg of parity/symmetry for the astute viewer- In which case, Wow- that's subtle! Well done!)
I am an electrician. Understanding spin at this level explains more than one can imagine. Love the process and all of the explanations!! Thanks for the education mate!!
I hadn't realized how well known Isaac Arthur was. I discovered him some months ago and enjoy his videos, but was surprised by the reference to him hear. He is an excellent teacher and speculator of future technology and alien attitudes.
Yeah! I started reading popular scientific books on modern physics (Greene, Davis etc.) 20 years ago -- and all the time I've been thinking, yes, *now* I got it. D'oh.
@@ozdergekko I had the pleasure of hearing Stephen Hawking speak and his presentation lasted over an hour. Everyone left is a dazed look on their face as if they were suffering from mental fatigue. I tried asking a few of the smarter people if they knew exactly what point they stopped understanding Dr Hawkings. Everyone just gave me a blank look and said they had no idea when they stopped understanding but everyone also agreed that and the end of the presentation, very few people still understood what he was discussing. The funniest line in the presentation was when Dr Hawkins said Time Travel is not possible because if it was, then someone would have come back in time and told us that it was possible. LOL
@@ozdergekko Also I read the popular magazines as well, my favorite was the one on Hawking radiation. Then PBS Spaced Time pointed out that it was an overly simplified version and that what the magazine said wasn't the way it really worked. LOL
Well obviously you know what the vernacular semantics of words like, "vector", "momentum", or "spin" are, but they have a very specific definition in the context of physics. So of course you couldn't derive any meaning out what he is talking about.
@@GinthianShield Unless they've planed to tell us in the moment they found a time traveler out of fear of paradoxes since they may still don't know whether they are real or not. PD: It happens the same to me.
Been watching Space Time and Isaac Arthur for years, and they taught me so much. While at the beginning, it can be really confusing, at some point the lever will switch and you can't stop learning more. Give Isaac Arthurs channel a go. it goes less into physical detail and talks a lot about the possibility of our future. it is a great leeway if you are interested in science and futurism.
You guys inspired me to start up astrophotography. I’m glad I found you guys when I did - I rediscovered my love for physics and astronomy. Keep up the good work, I’ll probably become a Patron soon.
Hi Matt, recently a research group in Oxford university published a paper claiming that they found a solution to dark matter by allowing negative mass or something. Can you please do an episode on that? Articles are so hard to understand for a high-schooler like me. I much prefer visual learning. Thank you for being amazing and making amazing content. Please keep going!
I´m not commentary type, but man. I´m always amazed by these discoveries. When you were talking about spins etc. and then said about that test. I thought to myself, ´´How the heck you could prove such thing?´´ And when you said the solution, it made sence, but still who the hell is able to think of such experiment? Hats down to ms. Chien-Shiung Wu and to similar people as her.
EliashMalevil Madame Wu didn't get the Nobel prize, but this experiment made her famous. To this day most natural scientists still know Madame Wu and her groundbreaking ⁶⁰Co decay experiment, while Lee and Yang are mostly forgotten.
Having seen her referenced in several physics videos on this subject, I do get the impression that modern scientists, or at least modern science communicators, are trying to make up for the previous oversight of her work.
@@jovetj Then tell me how to prove thing because the only way I know is by gathering evidence. Maybe you can get away with baseless statements, but to me you're just speaking non-sense
This episode was harder to understand than usual, but I think I enjoyed it even more than usual! I had to rewatch some segments a few times to actually get it, but the explanation of Wu's experiment and why it shows p symmetry violation was fascinating!
"I feel like you're all lining up to watch and execution here" lol spot on. And Isaac Arthur is awesome, he really encourages people to think big about the possibilities of what we can accomplish as a species. Great video btw.
Reverse parity would result in the same spock but a break in parity could manifest in a signal going awry inside mirror spocks brain when deciding to shave the goatee or not. The signal went down towards no instead of up towards yes.
Yeah, this one was kind of tricky. But if things start to get hazy and my eyes begin to glaze over, I usually jump back 30-40 seconds and watch again. Sometimes that helps.
@@jgroovy1973 -- It made *click* for me once. I lost 40 kilos, but still didn't understand these things enough to explain them to someone else. There's always a "why" or "how" question that makes me think of some anime magical girl and then I snap. Probably irreversibly as you might think reading this. Weed helps. A lot.
Where? This is the fourth time someone mentioned it, and I didn't catch anything. I don't want to go back and watch again because this vid makes me feel stupid.
John T Hey John, while you’re offering would you mind clarifying the idea of parity a little more for me. The way I understood it in the video, it means that an object remains in its original state after the transformation is done to it. Is this correct?
I mean he and pbs spacetime already dumbed-down the subject a lot while retaining the validity of the topic, it just goes to show physics is hard, who knew.
If you haven't, you should check out the veritasium video called This Particle Breaks Time Symmetry. While I am a huge fan of pbs space time, I think he may have a better explanation of this particular topic.
''In a sense, we're always looking in *the past* . Even light reflected from yourself in *the mirror* takes some time to reflect back'' (quote from the movie 'Déjà Vu ')
i'm looking forward every week to the next space time video, you guys taught me so much over the years, and every time you say: "we'll look at it closer in another video" i think: but i want to know it now. you guys made me look in to many things in detail, just by a simple mention. +I loved the Isaac Arthur shout out
A lot of the rest of the entire field of physics relies on CPT symmetry being real, so I think it is imperative that we try to find an experiment that can break it.
It's indeed a good sci-fi speculation channel. Very engineering oriented. Skepticism isn't the question, he just goes "imagine..." and see what holds up. It's worth watching.
for people having trouble i might have a good analogy for ya throw a curveball with a baseball at a mirror... you are spinning it one way and it curves, but in the mirror the ball is still spinning the same direction but curves the other way... totally different physics inside a mirror... the spin on the mirrored ball is going the wrong direction to associate with the curve or vise versa.
The question I often find myself asking when I watch your videos is: "Does he actually understand what he is saying, or is he simply good at reading a script?" For what it is worth I think you are one seriously smart dude and do indeed understand...at least most. Sometimes you just simply blow my mind. I appreciate that in a video.....Other times you serve the valuable purpose of humbling my intellect. Thanks.
Just don't skip sentences. If there is a sentence you didn't quite understand, pause the video until you understand it. If you still don't get it, you might need a little more experience in simple math symmetry. (like reflection across x axis, y axis, etc) I definitely do not understand the video with great detail. I think that is not possible unless you actually study the physics and math. But I was able to get a clear general understanding.
EXACTLY This guy is the worst teacher/presenter there is!! He is allergic to summarizing it in basic layman terms without the math and calculations like he’s tutoring for homework hotline! The opposite of Neil Tyson Degrasse, Brian Green, or half of utube science presenters He (ua-cam.com/video/yArprk0q9eE/v-deo.html) explains this way better
I wonder if instead of a multiverse maybe theres just a parallel universe a mirrored version. like how theres day an night backwards an forwards ying an yang
The ratio between the amount of time to write the entire script of each episode and the amount of time to write the last line of the script where space-time is the last two words:
Or perhaps it just depends on which direction your looking at.... From behind the ball the "back" of the ball would be the back of the clock and look like the clock was going counter clockwise but from the "front" it would be clockwise.
What would happen if "mirror matter" was deposited into the current universe we live in? Would mirror matter bosons interact with regular matter and vice versa? If a planet of mirror matter were to collide with earth what would happen, seeing that the both planet's mass would be subject to the effects of gravity but not the other forces ( if bosons of either parity don't interact with the opposite parity matter).
Well in most cases mirror matter IS regular matter. The Higgs field causes a merging of left and right handed particles. So our regular electron is made of the merger between 'lelectrons' and 'relectrons' (Both massless particles) to give a massive particle with no fixed helicity. (This makes sense, if you move slower than an electron is move in one direction, if you move faster then relative to you it moves in the opposite direction, but its rotation will be the same, reversing its helicity.) There are few exceptions such as neutrinos but the mixing caused by the Higgs field essentially prevents much mirrorstuff from ever having any effect.
@@garethdean6382 Thank you! I've been delving into mirror matter and there is quite a bit of contradiction with the information I've found. Some papers infer that mirror matter will only interact via gravity and that it could be a viable candidate for dark matter. Others say mirror matter may manifest itself as negative energy and be a candidate for dark energy. Then there's mirror anti-matter which is another weird and complicated concept of its own. The mirror planet scenario was something I heard on an old podcast where a couple of physicists talked about a hypothetical mirror matter asteroid entering the solar system and how it could pass through Earth and we'd never know except for a couple of strange measurements and odd phenomena. I don't think I will ever get clarity on the stuff as I'm not a quantum physicist or even very skilled in math so I rely on popular experts to fill me in, which I was hoping this PBS channel could do.
Is anyone else blown away by the explanation of the mirror universe lecture being done IN ONE TAKE? Not even Leo from actualized.org can compete with that level of complexity in such a fluid format.
*_...okay, remember, "mirror", means, left-right-reversal, time and parity not charge... okay, so my comment-to-be on antimatter-universes where kaons(±) decay 'oppositely', is on hold..._* *_(but then-again, electron-positron-time-diagrams are antimatter, so, watch-then-comment)_*
So are we in the mirror universe, or the normal one? Judging by the sudden development of beards on most of my friends, im going to say we are in the mirror universe
imagine our universe is a train a 3d (space) moving in circular direction and their is a mirror in the middle and our train can pass to the other side of mirror dimension (other side or mirroe) where every law act on mirror universe is follows law of mirror .. (where reversing time is no issue ) and black holes are the small hole in the mirror which dividing it and a pass way to enter into mirror universe and if we build something which will turn on into follow the rules in mirror universe we can dance through both universes.
Wow! I actually made it 3 whole minutes before becoming completely lost... A new record for me! I'm usually lost before 1 minute on PBS Space Time. I still love these though!
Nice video on some really hard-to-grasp concepts, as always! I know this might seem trivial, but what happens with CP symmetry? Is it also violated by the weak interaction? Or the C and T symmetries individually?
I feel like I understood every sentence spoken and was nodding along the whole time. Then I got to the end of the video and realized I don't think I understoond anything. Maybe a few more playthroughs and a physics degree will make it click.
This guy is the worst teacher/presenter there is!! He is allergic to summarizing it in basic layman terms without the math and calculations like he’s tutoring for homework hotline! The opposite of Neil Tyson Degraf, Brian Green, or half of utune presenters
Couple years late to this video, but how nice to see a shout out to Isaac Arthur! He's amazing! Initial coincidence aside, he's one of my favorite science/futurology/sci-fi minds, next to Isaac Asimov. I get so lost in his videos, much like I do in your wonderful space time videos. Hah, for some reason this just makes my day. Go Isaac!
if a ship has sailed on reflecting radiation from around the ship. moving extremely fast a million miles an hour . and start with lot of energy from the back of the ship and release it at tip of the front. clearing energy from in front of ship and reflecting &channing it around and behind ship.
But... In the mirror we are witnessing an antimatter universe moving forward in time with us. So a mirror isn't just a parity reflection, it's a charge inversion. If what we see in the mirror could touch us we would explode. Symmetrically. Or have I got this completely upside down?
No, mirror refelection doesn't turn matter into antimatter. As the video notes, time and matter-antiamtter mirroring are linked; if you reverse time you get a flip to antimatter. But if you look in the mirror you don't see time running backwards, so antimatter is also nowhere to be found.
Hahah I think can actually understand this one... It's been a awhile SpaceTime. Grasping the intuitions of bleeding-edge scientific experiment and discovery in the theoretically demanding of Quantum Mechanics makes me feel warm inside
There is a pair of eyes in the gas clouds of the background. It comes fully onto the left side of screen at 4:57, become the clearest at 5:18, and disappear from the screen at 5:33
I'm always amazed at how this channel praises science and its achievements! How insane is it that we can wonder whether we live in the "regular" or mirror universe? And then come some brillant and creative minds to objectively test how our universe works. Cuddos to Matt and team. Now, PLEEEEEASEE give us the episode on AdS CFT / holography / emergent geometry. PLEEEEEAAASEE :))
Starshots only use will be for SETI and panspermia projects. Their laser transmission system for data gathering is heavily flawed due to limitations in optics. Its pitched as a data collection system to a lot of people, but their proposals don't offer realistic solution for sending data back on a 0.5 gram nano satellite even if reflected on a 4m sail.
@aud_io but see, that's where it ends up being wrong. Atoms work in a wave function, kinda like our solar system, and what's keeping the solar system from falling apart is gravity (a wave if you will). String theory is nothing, and shouldn't be held true at all. The "knot" of existence will be found, and it will still be another wave of particles dancing around each other where we have to dig deeper yet again
While topics like these are exotic and exciting, I can't help myself trying to understand more mundane things like: 1. How a radio works from a QM perspective. 2. How the light spectrum from stars can be continuous. If photons are emitted when electrons make discrete jumps to less excited states, shouldn't the spectrum be a bunch of spikes? 3. What happens to the excess energy of an absorbed photon, if its energy was not a perfect integer multiple of what was required for an absorbing electron to get excited? I'm no physicist, and that's why I ask dumb questions like these here. I remember however, from the university, that one wasn't supposed to ask such questions. One was only supposed to shut up and calculate, and let others do the thinking.
you can only walk through the mirror if you can convince or trick your mirror image to let you through, but the damn fool is in the way mirroring your every action, thinking you’re a fool for doing the same.
Your explanation at 4:27 is much like reality-time/real-time spins (I call it "vertical" spin) and how different types of spins are a result of which way they are "vertically" spinning. Spinning out right, they are in flow with "real time," spinning left, they are spinning in a back-flow ("reality-time" [our reality]) spin. Keep in mind, these spins are cross-dimensional and does not appear as it does on a 2/3 dimensional plain (hence, cross-dimensional.) This description helps when describing how a Boson spins vertically at different speeds and with those speeds enters degrees of gravity. More dense; spin slows - less dense; spin excels. If spin is stopped, the process of QDF begins creating a black hole. ;O)-
Great episode. A bit tougher to follow than most* but able to absorb most during a second viewing. Looking forward to CPT symmetry episode. * Time reversal concept in the mirror universe has me thinking THAT may be a connection to dark matter so it's in our universe whose energy/gravity is the opposite of normal so it generates a pushing action. I would think that this may also logically mean that time is reversed in areas where dark energy exists. So, in theory, dark matter may simply be mirror universe components within our observable existing... space time.
This was a bit tough, to be honest. I’ll have to come back when I’m freshly rested (and caffeinated ☕️ [^o^]) and try again. You guys have some cool new T-shirts by the way. I just bought the purple black hole orbits OG T-shirt and the standard Model shirt, cuz that’s just dope as hell.
This guy is allergic to summarizing it in basic layman terms without the math and calculations like he’s tutoring for homework hotline! The opposite of Neil Tyson Degraf, Brian Green, or half of utune presenters
This guy is allergic to summarizing it in basic layman terms without the math and calculations like he’s tutoring for homework hotline! The opposite of Neil Tyson Degrasse, Brian Green, or half of utube science presenters He (ua-cam.com/video/yArprk0q9eE/v-deo.html) explains this way better
Here's a completely unsubstantiated extrapolation on this: the big bang created 2 universes with different directions of time for matter & anti-matter or at least with different ratio's as the flow of time is split at the start. Explaining the existence of matter. Yes yes, I know this isn't just a leap, but also a contrived interpretation.
That's very interesting. Also while their time would go in revere relative to ours, their time goes forwards from their perspective. However if we had a functional time machine here and then teleported it into their universe, the machine wouldn't function at all, as one Technicaly could only travel to the past but since the flow of our past goes the same as their future then it cannot function as if it were to work, that would completely fuck with the mechanics of time as we know it. Now if time machines were two way like in fiction then there wouldn't be a problem.
@@guytheincognito4186 Cool idea. But then again, if such a time machine existed we would be antimatter in the mirror universe (possibly?), immediately being annihilated without some special Sci-Fi protection. Unsure what our experience of time would be like though... ok I am hurting my head right now. ;)
@@WernerEdgar Which, if they are otherwise the same, would mean that they send their antimatter time machine into our dimension at the same time. Which means that time machine is essentially anti-matter bomb.
8:10 For some reason *cof cof* she was a woman *cof cof* she was not awarded the Nobel Prize. What mystery. Reminds me of the eternal shame brought to the Prize by the fact that Pierre Curie had to threat to refuse accepting it if Marie was not included. Or like how Watson and Crick received the price, but somehow (Rosalind) Franklin didn't, despite the discovery being done with her data.
PLEASE, start the episode with an intro on why you explain what you explain, on how that fits into the big picture of physics. I've listened the whole episode and just wondered: why would anyone care about hypothetical sci-fi mirror universes.
7:27 - It would appear to be "Lee and Yang" instead of "Yee and Lang". You may have made some other minor mistakes, but there is no way that I'll be able to uncover those. I feel proud of this as it is.
I might be missing something here, at 4:15 you mentioned that a clock-wise spin added to the ball also is seen as a clock-wise spin on the reflection - but - the graphical demonstration you offer correctly shows the opposite - reflection has an anti-clockwise spin... did I miss a subtle-something here? Seems that angular momentum and spin are both flipped in the mirror universe.
He tried to defend himself by saying that the former ambassador had done the same thing with no troubles, but that didn't work. Everyone knows that two Wongs don't make a right.
![Lp. Сердце Вселенной #60 РОЖДЕНИЕ ЛОЛОЛОШКИ [Финал] • Майнкрафт](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/YoR0pAV9FVQ/mqdefault.jpg)
For the first time ever, I feel like I actually understand LESS after watching a Space-Time video than before I watched it.
I think this episode was hosted Mirror-Matt from the Mirror Universe.
Clues:
1. 0:31 Mirror-Matt says "left to right" but the diagrams fill in right to left.
2. 2:09 A left hand is shown, but at 2:16 Mirror-Matt says, "It looks like your right hand becomes your left."
3. 4:11 "clockwise spin" - yet the ball has left-handed spin.
4. The transformations of the cobalt atom starting at 9:24 ultimately put the party-transformed atom on the left side of the screen. But at 9:48, the atom on the left is labeled "normal", and the original atom is labeled "mirror universe".
5. 12:20 "A mirror-reflected Space Time" mmhmm
On the other hand, the zipper on his pants would be on the same side as the regular universe, so I dunno. Maybe the weak force has an influence on how men's pants can be manufactured.
I'll give him the benefit of the doubt, but the whole "Yee and Lang" and the items you mentioned seem to be a tongue in cheek "Mirror Matt" . . . or perhaps he had too much wine before making the video . . .
:-P
Mirror Matt also seems to have a cold.
Mind. Very. *Blown* 🤯
I hope Matt responds to this next week!
Yea, I stopped watching when the “clockwise” ball was spinning counter-clockwise. I won’t waste 17 minutes if you’re that sloppy with the details.
4:12 Says the ball is rotating clockwise when it is rotating counter clockwise
You said Yee and Lang at 7:29 but it's actually Lee and Yang! (I suspect this was just another easter egg of parity/symmetry for the astute viewer- In which case, Wow- that's subtle! Well done!)
I hoped someone else spotted that
That was funny, especially for Chinese speakers like me. BTW, the literal meaning of the surname 李 Lee is "prune."
Ok that makes sense cuz I notice at 4:08 he says lets put some clockwise spin on the ball and the animation shows anti-clockwise spin.
杨振宁和李政道
I did actually hear that. So I'm not going completely mad after all, just a little.
I am an electrician. Understanding spin at this level explains more than one can imagine. Love the process and all of the explanations!! Thanks for the education mate!!
Now I have to watch for Isaac Arthur's shoutout to SpaceTime
I hadn't realized how well known Isaac Arthur was. I discovered him some months ago and enjoy his videos, but was surprised by the reference to him hear. He is an excellent teacher and speculator of future technology and alien attitudes.
He spoke English, I understood each sentence as he said it. But when he was done I realized I don't understand what we were talking about.
Yeah! I started reading popular scientific books on modern physics (Greene, Davis etc.) 20 years ago -- and all the time I've been thinking, yes, *now* I got it. D'oh.
@@ozdergekko I had the pleasure of hearing Stephen Hawking speak and his presentation lasted over an hour. Everyone left is a dazed look on their face as if they were suffering from mental fatigue. I tried asking a few of the smarter people if they knew exactly what point they stopped understanding Dr Hawkings. Everyone just gave me a blank look and said they had no idea when they stopped understanding but everyone also agreed that and the end of the presentation, very few people still understood what he was discussing. The funniest line in the presentation was when Dr Hawkins said Time Travel is not possible because if it was, then someone would have come back in time and told us that it was possible. LOL
@@ozdergekko Also I read the popular magazines as well, my favorite was the one on Hawking radiation. Then PBS Spaced Time pointed out that it was an overly simplified version and that what the magazine said wasn't the way it really worked. LOL
Well obviously you know what the vernacular semantics of words like, "vector", "momentum", or "spin" are, but they have a very specific definition in the context of physics. So of course you couldn't derive any meaning out what he is talking about.
@@GinthianShield Unless they've planed to tell us in the moment they found a time traveler out of fear of paradoxes since they may still don't know whether they are real or not.
PD: It happens the same to me.
No idea what you said but it was soothing
Been watching Space Time and Isaac Arthur for years, and they taught me so much. While at the beginning, it can be really confusing, at some point the lever will switch and you can't stop learning more.
Give Isaac Arthurs channel a go. it goes less into physical detail and talks a lot about the possibility of our future. it is a great leeway if you are interested in science and futurism.
I really want to watch Isaac Arthur's videos but unfortunately they aren't available in English :(
I keep thinking. Oh i see what he saying. Then he keeps talking and looses me agin
You guys inspired me to start up astrophotography. I’m glad I found you guys when I did - I rediscovered my love for physics and astronomy. Keep up the good work, I’ll probably become a Patron soon.
Hi Matt, recently a research group in Oxford university published a paper claiming that they found a solution to dark matter by allowing negative mass or something. Can you please do an episode on that? Articles are so hard to understand for a high-schooler like me. I much prefer visual learning. Thank you for being amazing and making amazing content. Please keep going!
I´m not commentary type, but man. I´m always amazed by these discoveries. When you were talking about spins etc. and then said about that test. I thought to myself, ´´How the heck you could prove such thing?´´ And when you said the solution, it made sence, but still who the hell is able to think of such experiment? Hats down to ms. Chien-Shiung Wu and to similar people as her.
EliashMalevil
Madame Wu didn't get the Nobel prize, but this experiment made her famous. To this day most natural scientists still know Madame Wu and her groundbreaking ⁶⁰Co decay experiment, while Lee and Yang are mostly forgotten.
That woman should've gotten the nobel her argument is out of this world genius
Having seen her referenced in several physics videos on this subject, I do get the impression that modern scientists, or at least modern science communicators, are trying to make up for the previous oversight of her work.
The nice thing is that science doesn't really prove things, so you don't have to worry about how to do that.
@@jovetj Then tell me how to prove thing because the only way I know is by gathering evidence. Maybe you can get away with baseless statements, but to me you're just speaking non-sense
This episode was harder to understand than usual, but I think I enjoyed it even more than usual! I had to rewatch some segments a few times to actually get it, but the explanation of Wu's experiment and why it shows p symmetry violation was fascinating!
"I feel like you're all lining up to watch and execution here" lol spot on. And Isaac Arthur is awesome, he really encourages people to think big about the possibilities of what we can accomplish as a species. Great video btw.
But why does Spock wear a goatee in the Mirror Universe ?
Because Satan wears a goatee beard (and legs). He is the 'evil' Spock.
Reverse parity would result in the same spock but a break in parity could manifest in a signal going awry inside mirror spocks brain when deciding to shave the goatee or not. The signal went down towards no instead of up towards yes.
Because goatees are for cool guys that don't give a damn. And mirror Spock gives exactly 0 of 'em.
Because parity violation reflected his pubes onto his face
How could it have been any other way.
The discussions of how these things were discovered and the historical context makes this stuff much more accessible to non-physicists. Thank you.
Smart guy: I always were a good learner and i never feel dumb.
PBS space time: hold my 5% ethanol 95% water solution.
I know you explained it as simple as possible, but i still understand shit of it. But hey, nice moving images at least!!
Sometimes I can follow these for a whole minute before I'm lost. Yet I watch them all. Maybe one night, in my sleep, something will click.
Yeah, this one was kind of tricky. But if things start to get hazy and my eyes begin to glaze over, I usually jump back 30-40 seconds and watch again. Sometimes that helps.
@@jgroovy1973 -- It made *click* for me once.
I lost 40 kilos, but still didn't understand these things enough to explain them to someone else.
There's always a "why" or "how" question that makes me think of some anime magical girl and then I snap.
Probably irreversibly as you might think reading this.
Weed helps. A lot.
Ok after reading the comments I know I'm not alone in this fascinating universe. I keep watching and want to learn though.
Same
Nice Issac Arthur shoutout
Where? This is the fourth time someone mentioned it, and I didn't catch anything. I don't want to go back and watch again because this vid makes me feel stupid.
just watch the comments part at the end
This is the first Brit I can listen to without getting annoyed. And the information is easily digested. Very nice job. Thanx.
It's my parity and I'll cry if I want to!
Lol
lol.. good one
Don't be such a parity pooper, man.
It's My Charge and I'll parity if I FLIPPING want to!
James Driscoll lmao cheesy
This does not seem terribly complex yet it's very hard to follow.
John T Hey John, while you’re offering would you mind clarifying the idea of parity a little more for me. The way I understood it in the video, it means that an object remains in its original state after the transformation is done to it. Is this correct?
I mean he and pbs spacetime already dumbed-down the subject a lot while retaining the validity of the topic, it just goes to show physics is hard, who knew.
@@mrnarason An asshole leaving a snide remark on UA-cam... who knew?
If you haven't, you should check out the veritasium video called This Particle Breaks Time Symmetry. While I am a huge fan of pbs space time, I think he may have a better explanation of this particular topic.
Aaron
Luckily I knew all the stuff he was talking about, but this video surely has an incredibly high Shannon entropy (information density)
Wow an Isaac Arthur shoutout!!!! PBS Space and SFIA collab when????
''In a sense,
we're always looking in *the past* . Even light reflected from yourself in *the mirror* takes some time to reflect back'' (quote from the movie 'Déjà Vu
')
what does my mirror reflection see then?
@@milanstevic8424 It sees what you were a moment before it looked. Obviously.
Didn't you already post this before?
@@a-blivvy-yus Yeah? But who got there first?
@@milanstevic8424 NOBODYKNOWS™
i'm looking forward every week to the next space time video, you guys taught me so much over the years, and every time you say: "we'll look at it closer in another video" i think: but i want to know it now.
you guys made me look in to many things in detail, just by a simple mention.
+I loved the Isaac Arthur shout out
A lot of the rest of the entire field of physics relies on CPT symmetry being real, so I think it is imperative that we try to find an experiment that can break it.
👍
I caught that Isaac Arthur shoutout
It's indeed a good sci-fi speculation channel. Very engineering oriented. Skepticism isn't the question, he just goes "imagine..." and see what holds up. It's worth watching.
Isaac is a gem. He needs more publicity!
Glad to see the guy get so much recognition
He sure makes great videos and I watched most of them. I don't like his fondness of the military though.
@@ozdergekko Eh, he's ex-military, so it makes sense. The military is a big reason we have a space presence at all.
for people having trouble i might have a good analogy for ya
throw a curveball with a baseball at a mirror... you are spinning it one way and it curves, but in the mirror the ball is still spinning the same direction but curves the other way... totally different physics inside a mirror... the spin on the mirrored ball is going the wrong direction to associate with the curve or vise versa.
Yee and Lang? Woops 😅
Great video! Very interesting stuff, as always.
Mildly irritated by that. Yee and Lang???
pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa.. YEE
That broke name parity
He was talking about the mirror universe paper not the one in this universe which was written by Lee and Yang. Obviously.
Clubber Lang?
The question I often find myself asking when I watch your videos is: "Does he actually understand what he is saying, or is he simply good at reading a script?" For what it is worth I think you are one seriously smart dude and do indeed understand...at least most.
Sometimes you just simply blow my mind. I appreciate that in a video.....Other times you serve the valuable purpose of humbling my intellect. Thanks.
He works in astrophysics, so you'd hope he understood some of this stuff. But even when you understand a script is often necessary.
The things Matt describes in every video transcend over the pay grades of most of the people.
The audio in this video is perfection.
it's the first PBS video I didn't understand at all.
Perfect Blue I tried.. I feel dumb now
It helps a little if you play the video at a much slower speed.
Just don't skip sentences. If there is a sentence you didn't quite understand, pause the video until you understand it. If you still don't get it, you might need a little more experience in simple math symmetry. (like reflection across x axis, y axis, etc)
I definitely do not understand the video with great detail. I think that is not possible unless you actually study the physics and math. But I was able to get a clear general understanding.
EXACTLY
This guy is the worst teacher/presenter there is!!
He is allergic to summarizing it in basic layman terms without the math and calculations like he’s tutoring for homework hotline!
The opposite of Neil Tyson Degrasse, Brian Green, or half of utube science presenters
He (ua-cam.com/video/yArprk0q9eE/v-deo.html) explains this way better
Best answer I could've hoped for the one and only comment / question I've ever made on a PBS Space Time video.
I wonder if instead of a multiverse maybe theres just a parallel universe a mirrored version. like how theres day an night backwards an forwards ying an yang
Love the Isaac Arthur shout out :). Fascinating UA-cam sight with dozens of episodes covering space colonization in all its permutations.
I want you guys to make another channel with hour long videos going in depth into these topics.
The ratio between the amount of time to write the entire script of each episode and the amount of time to write the last line of the script where space-time is the last two words:
I may be an idiot but that rotation at 4:09 sure looks counter-clockwise to me
Edit: nvm
I think they made a mistake here.
It could be an "Easter egg" referencing the whole mirror-universe thing. :-)
Its another mirror symmetry.
Or perhaps it just depends on which direction your looking at....
From behind the ball the "back" of the ball would be the back of the clock and look like the clock was going counter clockwise but from the "front" it would be clockwise.
4:09 ...it looks like the spin in the animation is anti-clockwise
What would happen if "mirror matter" was deposited into the current universe we live in? Would mirror matter bosons interact with regular matter and vice versa? If a planet of mirror matter were to collide with earth what would happen, seeing that the both planet's mass would be subject to the effects of gravity but not the other forces ( if bosons of either parity don't interact with the opposite parity matter).
Well in most cases mirror matter IS regular matter. The Higgs field causes a merging of left and right handed particles. So our regular electron is made of the merger between 'lelectrons' and 'relectrons' (Both massless particles) to give a massive particle with no fixed helicity. (This makes sense, if you move slower than an electron is move in one direction, if you move faster then relative to you it moves in the opposite direction, but its rotation will be the same, reversing its helicity.)
There are few exceptions such as neutrinos but the mixing caused by the Higgs field essentially prevents much mirrorstuff from ever having any effect.
@@garethdean6382 Thank you! I've been delving into mirror matter and there is quite a bit of contradiction with the information I've found. Some papers infer that mirror matter will only interact via gravity and that it could be a viable candidate for dark matter. Others say mirror matter may manifest itself as negative energy and be a candidate for dark energy.
Then there's mirror anti-matter which is another weird and complicated concept of its own. The mirror planet scenario was something I heard on an old podcast where a couple of physicists talked about a hypothetical mirror matter asteroid entering the solar system and how it could pass through Earth and we'd never know except for a couple of strange measurements and odd phenomena.
I don't think I will ever get clarity on the stuff as I'm not a quantum physicist or even very skilled in math so I rely on popular experts to fill me in, which I was hoping this PBS channel could do.
Is anyone else blown away by the explanation of the mirror universe lecture being done IN ONE TAKE? Not even Leo from actualized.org can compete with that level of complexity in such a fluid format.
*_...okay, remember, "mirror", means, left-right-reversal, time and parity not charge... okay, so my comment-to-be on antimatter-universes where kaons(±) decay 'oppositely', is on hold..._*
*_(but then-again, electron-positron-time-diagrams are antimatter, so, watch-then-comment)_*
Love this series and the speaker. He is a great communicator.
7:28 and 7:47
Yee and Lang should be Lee and Yang
Oh, and you're not even going to mention that he says clockwise spin @ 4:10 but the ball is actually spinning COUNTER CLOCKWISE?!
Not in the mirror universe!
[Proof we're actually in the mirror universe]
Could be that we're watching Mirror Matt not regular Matt.
Interestingly, anyone with the surname Lee (李) would be named "yee" or "ee" in Korea. Neither gentleman was from there, though.
It's always great to be able to say 'Space Time' at the same time as Matt does at the end of the video. Makes me feel like a damn psychic.
So are we in the mirror universe, or the normal one? Judging by the sudden development of beards on most of my friends, im going to say we are in the mirror universe
you probably went to bed in one and woke up in the mirror universe. #MuvLuvUltimate
imagine our universe is a train a 3d (space) moving in circular direction and their is a mirror in the middle and our train can pass to the other side of mirror dimension (other side or mirroe) where every law act on mirror universe is follows law of mirror .. (where reversing time is no issue ) and black holes are the small hole in the mirror which dividing it and a pass way to enter into mirror universe and if we build something which will turn on into follow the rules in mirror universe we can dance through both universes.
If there's a Terran Empire then we are in mirror universe
No lmao wtf
If you always lived in the mirror how would you know if you're out of it or in it?
Wow! I actually made it 3 whole minutes before becoming completely lost... A new record for me! I'm usually lost before 1 minute on PBS Space Time. I still love these though!
The only rule that matters in the mirror dimension is: Never forget your Sling Ring. ;)
Marvels ahead of the game
Ok, nothing new in this video, but hands down the best video I've ever seen on symmetry. Keep this level (although some maths wouldn't hurt).
Isaac Arthur is super awsome. All go there
hearing Matt's voice in the start of the video every week makes my day
Nice video on some really hard-to-grasp concepts, as always!
I know this might seem trivial, but what happens with CP symmetry? Is it also violated by the weak interaction? Or the C and T symmetries individually?
CP is indeed violated by the weak interaction, which I think will be shown in a video on CPT
i haven't gotten your vids in my subscription box in forever.. time to binge
In a mirror universe, the vector of a magnetic field created by a single wire would point the other way.
I have to say, I've listened to your theme tune now for months. I love it.
I feel like I understood every sentence spoken and was nodding along the whole time. Then I got to the end of the video and realized I don't think I understoond anything. Maybe a few more playthroughs and a physics degree will make it click.
This guy is the worst teacher/presenter there is!!
He is allergic to summarizing it in basic layman terms without the math and calculations like he’s tutoring for homework hotline!
The opposite of Neil Tyson Degraf, Brian Green, or half of utune presenters
Couple years late to this video, but how nice to see a shout out to Isaac Arthur! He's amazing! Initial coincidence aside, he's one of my favorite science/futurology/sci-fi minds, next to Isaac Asimov. I get so lost in his videos, much like I do in your wonderful space time videos. Hah, for some reason this just makes my day. Go Isaac!
if a ship has sailed on reflecting radiation from around the ship. moving extremely fast a million miles an hour . and start with lot of energy from the back of the ship and release it at tip of the front. clearing energy from in front of ship and reflecting &channing it around and behind ship.
Wow! You sure left me behind this time. I'll try rewatching the episode when my head stops spinning.
But...
In the mirror we are witnessing an antimatter universe moving forward in time with us.
So a mirror isn't just a parity reflection, it's a charge inversion.
If what we see in the mirror could touch us we would explode. Symmetrically.
Or have I got this completely upside down?
1. This is irrelevant, parity is a well defined thing independent of mirrors.
2.How exactly are mirrors supposed to switch charge?
No, mirror refelection doesn't turn matter into antimatter. As the video notes, time and matter-antiamtter mirroring are linked; if you reverse time you get a flip to antimatter.
But if you look in the mirror you don't see time running backwards, so antimatter is also nowhere to be found.
Hahah I think can actually understand this one... It's been a awhile SpaceTime.
Grasping the intuitions of bleeding-edge scientific experiment and discovery in the theoretically demanding of Quantum Mechanics makes me feel warm inside
Wow Issac Author is becoming as famous as his name sakes.
There is a pair of eyes in the gas clouds of the background. It comes fully onto the left side of screen at 4:57, become the clearest at 5:18, and disappear from the screen at 5:33
Yo, if you are going to talk mirror universe you need a proper goatee! This is the rules according to Star trek. You can do better.
its a bit more credible than that time his face was but-ass naked.
rifleman2c the same time we're trying to can
When you draw coordinate axis, please use: red for X, green for Y, and blue for Z. That's the standard. Just look at any 3d modeling package.
I'm always amazed at how this channel praises science and its achievements!
How insane is it that we can wonder whether we live in the "regular" or mirror universe? And then come some brillant and creative minds to objectively test how our universe works.
Cuddos to Matt and team.
Now, PLEEEEEASEE give us the episode on AdS CFT / holography / emergent geometry. PLEEEEEAAASEE :))
Awesome! I've been waiting for this one for quite a while. Great early Christmas present for me. Thank you. :D
It's simple, just check if Spock has a beard or not
@diamened HA ha ha good one!
Did C-3PO have a silver leg?
You might have entered the nexus like I did
Behind every revolution, there is one man with a vision.
Oh yeah let me just pull out my handy dandy spock I have lying around.
Starshots only use will be for SETI and panspermia projects. Their laser transmission system for data gathering is heavily flawed due to limitations in optics. Its pitched as a data collection system to a lot of people, but their proposals don't offer realistic solution for sending data back on a 0.5 gram nano satellite even if reflected on a 4m sail.
still waiting for the "why string theory is WRONG" video you promised
I don't think it's a "string", but something's gotta tie the knot of our reality
Just watch till the end, he said it'll be coming next week
@@viracocha they call it "string theory" not "strings"
I know you meant it as a joke, but there can only be one. We've learned that in Highlander lol
@aud_io but see, that's where it ends up being wrong. Atoms work in a wave function, kinda like our solar system, and what's keeping the solar system from falling apart is gravity (a wave if you will). String theory is nothing, and shouldn't be held true at all. The "knot" of existence will be found, and it will still be another wave of particles dancing around each other where we have to dig deeper yet again
its taking so long, because it is that wrong
I always listen to his videos at public places as loud as it goes. Also i wear glasses when i do.
A mirror universe is just how our universe checks itself for spots.
While topics like these are exotic and exciting, I can't help myself trying to understand more mundane things like:
1. How a radio works from a QM perspective.
2. How the light spectrum from stars can be continuous. If photons are emitted when electrons make discrete jumps to less excited states, shouldn't the spectrum be a bunch of spikes?
3. What happens to the excess energy of an absorbed photon, if its energy was not a perfect integer multiple of what was required for an absorbing electron to get excited?
I'm no physicist, and that's why I ask dumb questions like these here. I remember however, from the university, that one wasn't supposed to ask such questions. One was only supposed to shut up and calculate, and let others do the thinking.
15:20 sounds a lot like intelligent design.
Plus, we should totally spread microbes around space-time.
Holy shit, finally a coherant explanation of quantum spin
So, what you’re saying is, according to physics, there is a dark universe in all of our mirrors, and they can absolutely get us when we’re alone?
Yes, and it's full of hungry monsters. And probably also a death battle royale to win a single wish, but that's not important.
As long as you're not trying to get your mirror self, they're not trying to get you either.
Absolutely. But they are cute slime girls and scarcely wrapped mummy girls. But it's ok, they bring their own pot.
Yea I think that’s what he was getting at
you can only walk through the mirror if you can convince or trick your mirror image to let you through, but the damn fool is in the way mirroring your every action, thinking you’re a fool for doing the same.
Your explanation at 4:27 is much like reality-time/real-time spins (I call it "vertical" spin) and how different types of spins are a result of which way they are "vertically" spinning. Spinning out right, they are in flow with "real time," spinning left, they are spinning in a back-flow ("reality-time" [our reality]) spin. Keep in mind, these spins are cross-dimensional and does not appear as it does on a 2/3 dimensional plain (hence, cross-dimensional.) This description helps when describing how a Boson spins vertically at different speeds and with those speeds enters degrees of gravity. More dense; spin slows - less dense; spin excels. If spin is stopped, the process of QDF begins creating a black hole. ;O)-
Great episode. A bit tougher to follow than most* but able to absorb most during a second viewing. Looking forward to CPT symmetry episode.
* Time reversal concept in the mirror universe has me thinking THAT may be a connection to dark matter so it's in our universe whose energy/gravity is the opposite of normal so it generates a pushing action. I would think that this may also logically mean that time is reversed in areas where dark energy exists. So, in theory, dark matter may simply be mirror universe components within our observable existing... space time.
That intro stinger was as good as any classic Vsauce into you care to name. Top marks, sir!
This was a bit tough, to be honest. I’ll have to come back when I’m freshly rested (and caffeinated ☕️ [^o^]) and try again. You guys have some cool new T-shirts by the way.
I just bought the purple black hole orbits OG T-shirt and the standard Model shirt, cuz that’s just dope as hell.
This guy is allergic to summarizing it in basic layman terms without the math and calculations like he’s tutoring for homework hotline!
The opposite of Neil Tyson Degraf, Brian Green, or half of utune presenters
I do love your channel makes me think in different ways may not be correct but good for twisting thinking in new ways.
You had me at mirror universe
5:15 why am I seeing a big face in the background?
Yeah, ehm...this is above my pay grade...
Great video though!
This guy is allergic to summarizing it in basic layman terms without the math and calculations like he’s tutoring for homework hotline!
The opposite of Neil Tyson Degrasse, Brian Green, or half of utube science presenters
He (ua-cam.com/video/yArprk0q9eE/v-deo.html) explains this way better
That's it! My head just exploded... *AGAIN*
Great job guys.
Quantum mirrors in a physical universe.
Quantum universes in a physics mirror
Mirrored quanta in a universal physics.
There is a minimum of 4 factorial ways to mess this up if you disregard plurals and adjectives.
Also, Mirrored Physics in (a) Universal Quantum/Quanta
I'm pretty excited for the negative mass episode!
And of course, the key difference in the mirror universe is how everyone's suddenly evil and bearded.
Yeah what if evil and beared fits you here???? Than is this the mirror?
two minutes in and I realize this another video that goes right over my head.
Here's a completely unsubstantiated extrapolation on this: the big bang created 2 universes with different directions of time for matter & anti-matter or at least with different ratio's as the flow of time is split at the start. Explaining the existence of matter.
Yes yes, I know this isn't just a leap, but also a contrived interpretation.
That's very interesting.
Also while their time would go in revere relative to ours, their time goes forwards from their perspective. However if we had a functional time machine here and then teleported it into their universe, the machine wouldn't function at all, as one Technicaly could only travel to the past but since the flow of our past goes the same as their future then it cannot function as if it were to work, that would completely fuck with the mechanics of time as we know it.
Now if time machines were two way like in fiction then there wouldn't be a problem.
@@guytheincognito4186 Cool idea. But then again, if such a time machine existed we would be antimatter in the mirror universe (possibly?), immediately being annihilated without some special Sci-Fi protection. Unsure what our experience of time would be like though... ok I am hurting my head right now. ;)
@@WernerEdgar Which, if they are otherwise the same, would mean that they send their antimatter time machine into our dimension at the same time. Which means that time machine is essentially anti-matter bomb.
Actually you should take a look at No Bound Expansion theory, it does propose this does occur and in that universe time is reversed from our own.
@@mykulpierce Oh thanks for the tip, will definitely do that!
8:10 For some reason *cof cof* she was a woman *cof cof* she was not awarded the Nobel Prize.
What mystery.
Reminds me of the eternal shame brought to the Prize by the fact that Pierre Curie had to threat to refuse accepting it if Marie was not included.
Or like how Watson and Crick received the price, but somehow (Rosalind) Franklin didn't, despite the discovery being done with her data.
Reminds me of Dr. Strange
@PBS Spacetime It seems like you angular momentum for the ball at 4:19 is moving in the wrong direction by the right hand rule
PLEASE, start the episode with an intro on why you explain what you explain, on how that fits into the big picture of physics. I've listened the whole episode and just wondered: why would anyone care about hypothetical sci-fi mirror universes.
Why shouldn't they?
because we're sci-fi fans?
Your motivation was the tau-theta anomaly; if you want even _more_ motivation, try the kaon decay that violates _CP_ discovered in '64
I agree that confused me.
7:27 - It would appear to be "Lee and Yang" instead of "Yee and Lang". You may have made some other minor mistakes, but there is no way that I'll be able to uncover those. I feel proud of this as it is.
Actually, quantum mechanics forbids this
Can you explain why or link some form of resource for such?
Its a reference, guys.
Quantum mechanics forbids you from watching this video and not subscribing.
Actually, Islam forbids all science.
@@SquirrelASMR
It also forbids 98% of womens freedoms aswell.
I might be missing something here, at 4:15 you mentioned that a clock-wise spin added to the ball also is seen as a clock-wise spin on the reflection - but - the graphical demonstration you offer correctly shows the opposite - reflection has an anti-clockwise spin... did I miss a subtle-something here? Seems that angular momentum and spin are both flipped in the mirror universe.
Yeah, the video animation got flipped in production. It's the same thing that makes the Earth in the intro rotate the wrong way.)
Why was the Chinese ambassador arrested in Mexico City? He went the *Wong* way on a *Juan* way street!
He tried to defend himself by saying that the former ambassador had done the same thing with no troubles, but that didn't work. Everyone knows that two Wongs don't make a right.
Magnificent!!! Well done in explaining Everything, peace and love, Doug:)
Last
16:44 yes! I've been waiting for you to address this new Dark Matter paper.