Hi Eric. I am a medical student in my penultimate year, and have been finding it hard to focus my study given the vast topics we are bombarded with. Your medical lectures have been very helpful in addressing key areas of learning. I am sure I dont speak alone, I want to thank you for putting in the time and effort to make these and hope you will be making new videos if time allows in the near future!
Cheers for this, I been tryin to find out about "nash liver disease symptoms" for a while now, and I think this has helped. Have you ever come across - Bachalaswin Better Body Rule - (do a google search ) ? Ive heard some great things about it and my cousin got cool success with it.
Cheers for this, I have been researching "liver cirrhosis symptoms" for a while now, and I think this has helped. Have you heard people talk about - Bachalaswin Better Body Rule - (just google it ) ? Ive heard some incredible things about it and my mate got great results with it.😎👍
In case of hepatitis AST and ALT are elevated ...but to a more than 1000 or to a smaller level that is in the range of 200 to 300 ? YOU HAVE PUT THEM IN BOTH
It depends on the specific etiology and chronicity. For example acute hepatitis A and acute ischemic hepatitis ("shock liver") can lead to extremely high AST and ALT (i.e. >> 1000), while chronic hepatitis C can have near normal AST and ALT.
Dr Eric using your lecture for usmle step 3 the new exam has pathophysiology I learnt acid base from you was able to do well Can you teach cardiology topics treatment of arrhythmias
Hey Dr Strong. Just wanted to say a huge thank you for all the work you do putting together your superb material. I find your videos to be invaluable learning resources. Thank you so much. I was wondering whether you have any tips on how to approach knowledge filtration in medicine, as in, how to decide what to focus on learning. I think a common problem for knowledge-hungry people is finding everything interesting, and wanting to be able to commit it all to memory, for our own pleasure as well as for the benefit of our patients. For many this is unrealistic. During your training (or perhaps still today), did you have a particular litmus test for deciding what to learn and what to simply read and find interesting? Thanks again for everything.
Thank you so much! This video is fantastic. I love how you always explain things in great detail, but at the same time keep it simple enough to understand even if I haven't watch other videos (or can't remember things such as the coagulation cascade). I love how you reinforce information, summarize it and tell us practical information. Please keep making videos. I have to make time to watch them all!
Hi, I was diagnosed with NASH 15 years ago and have followed these LFT’s closely over the years. Congratulations this was the most informative review of there's tests in one place I have ever come across. Thanks 👍
In minute 13:12 you mentioned Albumin binds conjugated bilirubin. Wouldn't it be more of the water insoluble unconjugated as it transports it to the liver?
It is said that AST is a mitochondrial transaminase. As such, drugs such as alcohol, affect in particular the mitochondria of the liver cell. Hence why AST suggest damage due to drinking
Great work sir ! I am resident in medicine.Cleared lot of things by following your vedio series.Gastroenterologists often use a term "Infiltrative Picture" on seeing LFTs and put differential list of TB,Sarcoid,HCC,Mets,Autoimmune.Can you please clear the concept of infiltrative pic?
What happens if you go for a liver function blood test and the results result in liver inflammation and your doctor says avoid or limit alcohol use? And is it possible to get results like that on a test if something didn't go right? Like if you drank alcohol before the test 48 hours before the test could you possibly get these results if you do that? Is it also possible to get liver inflammation results but your liver was actually all clear? Just curious to know. Please give serious answers.
I have a question which I couldn't find an answer to not even today. What is the pattern of liver abnormalities in drug induced injury or other instances regarding which is the first test that in theory might become abnormal. GGT might be the first?
Thank you so much for your effort. I have one question if you could answer it, why AST is much higher than ALT in alcoholic hepatitis? I know it may take your time but I have had always problems with this particular aspect of LFT.
Thank you - I truly appreciate all of your videos. Can you please make videos on some of the more common medications that we prescribe - MOA, Indications, Side effects etc (thanks from Australia)
+Kate Johnson Thanks for your message. I already have videos on antibiotics, anti-fungals, anti-hypertensives, and anti-platelet drugs, which are available on the main channel page. More pharm topics will be forthcoming over future months, but unfortunately, I can't offer a specific schedule for them at the moment.
Eric. Every morning while driving to work during my week on , I tell myself to give an unbiased excellent care for all afflicted with some sort of suffering. You help me guide through that path. You are a blessing to humanity. Thanks. Merry Christmas, happy holidays and stay safe.
Dear Mr Eric. Thank you for making such an imaging and very informative video. I found it very hands-on and easy to put into practice. Can I translate the content of this video into Vietnamese for teaching residents and trainees. I look forwards to hear from you. Kind regards
I'm a new CV ICU PA and have been using your videos the past year to help supplement my studying. Thank you for your free quality lectures. I wish I could download hard copies of your lectures to study, pass around, and discuss with other providers at work.
This was excellent and so helpful. Your videos are always great. You summarize things in such an organized clear way yet giving great pearls along the way. Thank you so much for taking the time to put these together, really appreciate it!
Just Superb. Helped so much to understand things clearly. No complicated talks to impress but you kept it very very simple to understand. Thank you so much
Where else will you find it this way? My my. God bless you sir. You have blessed people like us in need of guidance with this. Thanks so much. We cannot be grateful enough
I ate like shit my whole life. 4 weeks ago I started eating whole food organic diet. And started lifting weights. My blood work has a ast of 68 and a alt of 138. My questions is 1. Is it true weight lifting raises liver enzymes 2. You mentioned when you have cirorsis your ast is usually higher. 3. Is my numbers super high I should seek out a liver specialist. Or should I keep focusing on life style changes? 4. You mentioned alt over 100 as alcohol induced I don't drink at all. Really bad case of fatty liver? Any advice and answers would help to go from here. My doctor is short and doesn't seem concerned at all about my numbers. Not sure if that's good or bad.
Hello, and if all valoues are inside normal, can de liver be with problems in same? Because i had hepatitis c and i did interpheron and riperverina for one year ( in 2011) and i have the doubt if the alt,ast, ggt, billirubines, fosfates alk,inr, sodium, potasio, clore , all those in normal valour, can be problems even with those results?
Thank you Dr Eric Strong , yes you did cover everything and very throughout. I listened from you this lesson many times as well from somewhere else but soon, memory would fade into LFT is a liver function test , that is it :) , I hope it would struck this time especially , the page you suggest to commit memory to,
had fever vomiting for a week then had my ultrasound and blood work done in the 11th day of my first symptoms My blood test showed multiple times higher liver enzymes alt was the highest tho. I started developing jaundice at the 10th day. I had my ct and another ultrasound by the end of the second week but it was all good except for a few lymphnodes enlarged next to the gallbladder. On the 19th day i had a new blood work and it showes all enzymes decreased drastically and it is not too far from highs normal levels. Thats being said bilirubin kept increasing and hit 125 umol/l while it was 77 in the first blood work. I am feeling much better but still cant eat normally because i get uncomfortable feelings in my guts Any ideas?
This was meant to be a general overview, and both of those diseases would be included under "hepatocellular disease (e.g. cirrhosis, hepatitis, etc...)". In addition, Wilson's disease in particular has a wide spectrum of presentations - a minority of patients can present with acute and catastrophic liver failure with LFTs in the 1000s, while other patients have no liver abnormalities at all.
@@StrongMed ok thanks you so much sir it means me a lot that you answered the questions. Great content sir ,god bless you By the way I'm persuing my MBBS for IMS BHU Varanasi INDIA . It's great to learn so much from your content.thz you very much sir
Thank you for this video. I didn't see a scenario if the AST (38)and ALT (46) are slightly elevated and the GGT is extremely elevated. What would indicate a GGT of 450? Thank you in advance for your response.
+Rosie Mck If the alk phos was also elevated in proportion to the GGT, it would fall under the "cholestatic" pattern, suggesting disease of the billiary system. If the alk phos was normal, or minimally elevated, a very elevated GGT would most strongly suggest excessive alcohol use, but might also be seen in renal failure, and is reportedly seen sometimes in phenytoin (Dilantin) use - though I've never personally observed that.
Dr Eric you are an awesome teacher is it possible for you to do some lectures on evidence based medicine the new USMLE step 3 has drug adds and abstracts if not can you tell me any resources to review drug adds and abstract any courses thank you for all your help you are helping a lot of us thank you asha
This is just superb, I have been researching "can fatty liver be reversed" for a while now, and I think this has helped. Have you ever come across - Bachalaswin Better Body Rule - (Have a quick look on google cant remember the place now ) ? Ive heard some awesome things about it and my neighbour got cool results with it.
Can you please explain what is considered as mild,moderate or sever increase in the those enzymes .. wish you could answer quickly because my exam is tomorrow
I'm very sorry I missed your exam! There is no specific cutoff for mild, mod, or severe AST & ALT elevations, but I think most people would consider mild as 1000, and anything in between as moderate. Approximately. But it's also going to depend on the disease state (i.e. the term used depends both on the absolute number, and on how typical or atypical it is for that condition). For example, an AST of 800 is no big deal in "shock liver" (i.e. liver injury sustained during a period of profound hypotension) and would probably be referred to as "moderate"; but an AST of 800 from a drug side effect would be more uncommon and thus more likely referred to as "severe".
They are available on my public Google drive here: drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B9SDUwepGWeUTmtscnJSSjR5OE0 (under the folder for lab interpretation)
Hi Eric, I just had my liver function test. All were in normal range except bilirubin. My total bilirubin was 1.2 (normal is up to 1.0) my direct bilirubin was 0.20 (normal is 0.18) is this a concern?
I'm very sorry, but I can't provide individualized medical advice on here. Interpreting the significance of labs (normal or abnormal) requires knowledge of a person's full medical history, personal habits (e.g. diet, smoking, alcohol use, exercise, etc...), current symptoms, and physical exam findings. I recommend speaking with your physician.
@@StrongMed the reason I ask because every site I see has 1.2 total bilirubin as normal and 0.2 direct bilirubin as normal too. For some reason the lab my doctor uses has lower limits.
Hello, as it has been almost 8 years since the date of making this video, would you kindly post a comment where you mention if there are any significant changes is how the different findings in these tests are treated/interpreted? (If any)
Referring to 7:12, Please can you suggest me a reference that describe the mechanism of AST:ALT>2 in alcoholic liver disease?? Is it due to the subcellular location of the enzymes. Thanks
I don't know enough of the relevant biochemistry to comment on this article's accuracy, but this should address your question: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3866949/
probably alcoholics have reduced pyridoxine levels which is responsible for formation of pyruvate(alt/sgpt). since those may be less it causes low alt. Another reason is alcholic metabolites affects the mitochondrial levels more causing elveaed AST and low ALT.. What do you think?
Hi Eric. I am a medical student in my penultimate year, and have been finding it hard to focus my study given the vast topics we are bombarded with. Your medical lectures have been very helpful in addressing key areas of learning. I am sure I dont speak alone, I want to thank you for putting in the time and effort to make these and hope you will be making new videos if time allows in the near future!
Definitely agree with this statement 4 years later - an organized approach is so valuable. Thanks Eric!
Cheers for this, I been tryin to find out about "nash liver disease symptoms" for a while now, and I think this has helped. Have you ever come across - Bachalaswin Better Body Rule - (do a google search ) ? Ive heard some great things about it and my cousin got cool success with it.
Cheers for this, I have been researching "liver cirrhosis symptoms" for a while now, and I think this has helped. Have you heard people talk about - Bachalaswin Better Body Rule - (just google it ) ? Ive heard some incredible things about it and my mate got great results with it.😎👍
Kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkKKKkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 👋
Kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkKKKkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 👋
In case of hepatitis AST and ALT are elevated ...but to a more than 1000 or to a smaller level that is in the range of 200 to 300 ?
YOU HAVE PUT THEM IN BOTH
It depends on the specific etiology and chronicity. For example acute hepatitis A and acute ischemic hepatitis ("shock liver") can lead to extremely high AST and ALT (i.e. >> 1000), while chronic hepatitis C can have near normal AST and ALT.
U r legend sir
Thank You so much Sir !!!
thank u sir
Wow. I've been practising for many years and this was an EXCELLENT revision. Thank you so much for your hard work!
So so grateful for this video - this has been the most detailed and well-structured tutorial on LFTs I've seen!
Dr Eric using your lecture for usmle step 3 the new exam has pathophysiology I learnt acid base from you was able to do well
Can you teach cardiology topics treatment of arrhythmias
Hey Dr Strong. Just wanted to say a huge thank you for all the work you do putting together your superb material. I find your videos to be invaluable learning resources. Thank you so much. I was wondering whether you have any tips on how to approach knowledge filtration in medicine, as in, how to decide what to focus on learning. I think a common problem for knowledge-hungry people is finding everything interesting, and wanting to be able to commit it all to memory, for our own pleasure as well as for the benefit of our patients. For many this is unrealistic. During your training (or perhaps still today), did you have a particular litmus test for deciding what to learn and what to simply read and find interesting? Thanks again for everything.
Thank you so much! This video is fantastic. I love how you always explain things in great detail, but at the same time keep it simple enough to understand even if I haven't watch other videos (or can't remember things such as the coagulation cascade). I love how you reinforce information, summarize it and tell us practical information. Please keep making videos. I have to make time to watch them all!
Excellent video with scientific background information - props from the UK.
Hi, I was diagnosed with NASH 15 years ago and have followed these LFT’s closely over the years. Congratulations this was the most informative review of there's tests in one place I have ever come across. Thanks 👍
In minute 13:12 you mentioned Albumin binds conjugated bilirubin. Wouldn't it be more of the water insoluble unconjugated as it transports it to the liver?
It is said that AST is a mitochondrial transaminase. As such, drugs such as alcohol, affect in particular the mitochondria of the liver cell. Hence why AST suggest damage due to drinking
Great work sir ! I am resident in medicine.Cleared lot of things by following your vedio series.Gastroenterologists often use a term "Infiltrative Picture" on seeing LFTs and put differential list of TB,Sarcoid,HCC,Mets,Autoimmune.Can you please clear the concept of infiltrative pic?
What happens if you go for a liver function blood test and the results result in liver inflammation and your doctor says avoid or limit alcohol use? And is it possible to get results like that on a test if something didn't go right? Like if you drank alcohol before the test 48 hours before the test could you possibly get these results if you do that? Is it also possible to get liver inflammation results but your liver was actually all clear? Just curious to know. Please give serious answers.
LFT'S look for disease. What about the normal function of a liver.
What happens when there are minor fluctuations? (Age, digestive issues ect.)
I have a question which I couldn't find an answer to not even today. What is the pattern of liver abnormalities in drug induced injury or other instances regarding which is the first test that in theory might become abnormal. GGT might be the first?
Thank you so much for your effort. I have one question if you could answer it, why AST is much higher than ALT in alcoholic hepatitis? I know it may take your time but I have had always problems with this particular aspect of LFT.
Thank you - I truly appreciate all of your videos. Can you please make videos on some of the more common medications that we prescribe - MOA, Indications, Side effects etc (thanks from Australia)
+Kate Johnson Thanks for your message. I already have videos on antibiotics, anti-fungals, anti-hypertensives, and anti-platelet drugs, which are available on the main channel page. More pharm topics will be forthcoming over future months, but unfortunately, I can't offer a specific schedule for them at the moment.
Eric. Every morning while driving to work during my week on , I tell myself to give an unbiased excellent care for all afflicted with some sort of suffering. You help me guide through that path. You are a blessing to humanity. Thanks.
Merry Christmas, happy holidays and stay safe.
Very good video!! Explained LFT to where I could understand them!! Thank you!!!
clean presentation and informative as always, thank you very much
thank you for your time and blessed efforts for making everything clear for us
i also found it difficult to understand LFTs , searched for so long to find an explanation like this. thank you so much.
Dear Mr Eric.
Thank you for making such an imaging and very informative video. I found it very hands-on and easy to put into practice.
Can I translate the content of this video into Vietnamese for teaching residents and trainees. I look forwards to hear from you.
Kind regards
I'm a new CV ICU PA and have been using your videos the past year to help supplement my studying. Thank you for your free quality lectures. I wish I could download hard copies of your lectures to study, pass around, and discuss with other providers at work.
Very useful video, cant thank you enough
افدي القلب
Wow I think your videos are awesome learning tool
This was excellent and so helpful. Your videos are always great. You summarize things in such an organized clear way yet giving great pearls along the way. Thank you so much for taking the time to put these together, really appreciate it!
What’s the outro music? Thank u!
Just Superb. Helped so much to understand things clearly. No complicated talks to impress but you kept it very very simple to understand. Thank you so much
Thank you Dr. Eric. I am a medical student at University of Hargeisa Medical School. Hargeisa, Somaliland.
Where else will you find it this way? My my. God bless you sir. You have blessed people like us in need of guidance with this. Thanks so much. We cannot be grateful enough
I ate like shit my whole life. 4 weeks ago I started eating whole food organic diet. And started lifting weights. My blood work has a ast of 68 and a alt of 138.
My questions is
1. Is it true weight lifting raises liver enzymes 2. You mentioned when you have cirorsis your ast is usually higher. 3. Is my numbers super high I should seek out a liver specialist. Or should I keep focusing on life style changes? 4. You mentioned alt over 100 as alcohol induced I don't drink at all. Really bad case of fatty liver?
Any advice and answers would help to go from here. My doctor is short and doesn't seem concerned at all about my numbers. Not sure if that's good or bad.
Asslam o alikum sir it was amazing vedio which I never ever found..... Thank you much for shearing such a wonderful information 🥰👌
Hello, and if all valoues are inside normal, can de liver be with problems in same? Because i had hepatitis c and i did interpheron and riperverina for one year ( in 2011) and i have the doubt if the alt,ast, ggt, billirubines, fosfates alk,inr, sodium, potasio, clore , all those in normal valour, can be problems even with those results?
(alsalam alicom) thakyou for much helpeful and great useful educational video , its very intrested , I well flow you at nex video. thankyou so much
Thank you Dr Eric Strong , yes you did cover everything and very throughout. I listened from you this lesson many times as well from somewhere else but soon, memory would fade into LFT is a liver function test , that is it :) , I hope it would struck this time especially , the page you suggest to commit memory to,
4th year medic revising for exam. Your work is so valuable. Thank you for your service to medical education.
Very good. It is explained with simplicity and accuracy.
how come u didnt include autiimmune hapatitis in ur ALT,AST diagram values???!!
Excellent summery of LFT and interpretation of LFT. GREAT!!!!!
my alt is 92 highest should be 62 only my asr is 42.6 range high is 42 only do i have a liver problem
I'm a personal trainer I studied anatomy physiology biomechanics and kinesiology I'm not a doctor but I'm pretty close to it
this jawn is amazing and super helpful!
Wow! This is awesome
Cramming for my exam.💀
Good luck!
@@StrongMed Thank you!
Hi, this video is very well explaned! Do you have any references for this as I would like to read more about it. Thanks
Most informative video I've seen. What would an elevated GGT& ALT both elevated 2.5X upper limit of normal suggest when every other marker is normal?
Could you please explain the role of liver in producing Insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C) ??
What if the AST : ALT ratio is greater than 2, but both the AST and ALT levels are normal? Does this still indicate a possible liver disease?
Unless the patient had overt symptoms or signs of liver (or muscle) disease, I'd consider that pattern unremarkable.
But what about only mildly elevated ggt (
You explain things clearly!! Thank you!!
This is very useful and the next steps to do are wonderful while working in rounds .thanku so much
Strong medicine, at 5:13 you say fatty liver or statohepatitis. I believe fatty liver is more accurately described as steatosis
Excellent presentation. How about a video about the digestion of Carbohydrates?
grear. pls do videos on Pain Managment in CLD patient. send me link if you have !
This video literally cleared all my doubts about these confusing parameters... Thank you so much for your hard work into making this video!🙌
very important video & very simple explanation.many thanks. i hope u explain heamodynamic monitoring
A brilliant, thorough review. Extremely useful
had fever vomiting for a week then had my ultrasound and blood work done in the 11th day of my first symptoms
My blood test showed multiple times higher liver enzymes alt was the highest tho.
I started developing jaundice at the 10th day.
I had my ct and another ultrasound by the end of the second week but it was all good except for a few lymphnodes enlarged next to the gallbladder.
On the 19th day i had a new blood work and it showes all enzymes decreased drastically and it is not too far from highs normal levels. Thats being said bilirubin kept increasing and hit 125 umol/l while it was 77 in the first blood work.
I am feeling much better but still cant eat normally because i get uncomfortable feelings in my guts
Any ideas?
I'm glad you are feeling better, but unfortunately, I can't offer specific, individualized medical advice here.
hey nice vids im a fan of yours, what pattern of lfts would you expect for someone with sclerosing cholangitis ?
Thank you for sharing such an informative video.
Thank you so much 🙏
Loved it ❤❤❤
Thankyou so much
From India 🇮🇳
love your videos ...to the point and well explained.. please make more videos..
Good video
Include few sentences on factors synthesized in liver,factors used for Plans factors requiring for K
You forget about Wilson disease also the autoimmune hepatitis
This was meant to be a general overview, and both of those diseases would be included under "hepatocellular disease (e.g. cirrhosis, hepatitis, etc...)". In addition, Wilson's disease in particular has a wide spectrum of presentations - a minority of patients can present with acute and catastrophic liver failure with LFTs in the 1000s, while other patients have no liver abnormalities at all.
@@StrongMed ok thanks you so much sir it means me a lot that you answered the questions.
Great content sir ,god bless you
By the way I'm persuing my MBBS for IMS BHU Varanasi INDIA . It's great to learn so much from your content.thz you very much sir
Thank you , this is a wonderful review, great lecture. Especially toward the end of that 2 slides. Thank you very much Dr Strong.
Thank you for this video. I didn't see a scenario if the AST (38)and ALT (46) are slightly elevated and the GGT is extremely elevated. What would indicate a GGT of 450? Thank you in advance for your response.
+Rosie Mck If the alk phos was also elevated in proportion to the GGT, it would fall under the "cholestatic" pattern, suggesting disease of the billiary system. If the alk phos was normal, or minimally elevated, a very elevated GGT would most strongly suggest excessive alcohol use, but might also be seen in renal failure, and is reportedly seen sometimes in phenytoin (Dilantin) use - though I've never personally observed that.
awesome video, so so relevant in clinical practice (all the way in Zambia) . look forward to more videos and thanks for your efforts.
great job done man ..ur regular follower from ivory coast !! keep it up
Thank you that was great.
Dr Eric you are an awesome teacher is it possible for you to do some lectures on evidence based medicine the new USMLE step 3 has drug adds and abstracts if not can you tell me any resources to review drug adds and abstract any courses thank you for all your help you are helping a lot of us
thank you
asha
This is just superb, I have been researching "can fatty liver be reversed" for a while now, and I think this has helped. Have you ever come across - Bachalaswin Better Body Rule - (Have a quick look on google cant remember the place now ) ? Ive heard some awesome things about it and my neighbour got cool results with it.
Thanks so much, could you please make a video for kidney function tests?
Sir please make videos on ct brain,thorax and abdomen
Dr Eric thanks alot for your videos
can you recommend a book about interpretation of different lab investigations
In terms of practice, your videos are super helpful! Thank you sir
Best I have ever seen
Can you please explain what is considered as mild,moderate or sever increase in the those enzymes .. wish you could answer quickly because my exam is tomorrow
I'm very sorry I missed your exam! There is no specific cutoff for mild, mod, or severe AST & ALT elevations, but I think most people would consider mild as 1000, and anything in between as moderate. Approximately. But it's also going to depend on the disease state (i.e. the term used depends both on the absolute number, and on how typical or atypical it is for that condition). For example, an AST of 800 is no big deal in "shock liver" (i.e. liver injury sustained during a period of profound hypotension) and would probably be referred to as "moderate"; but an AST of 800 from a drug side effect would be more uncommon and thus more likely referred to as "severe".
Thank you. very impressed with your review
this is great work, thank u may God bless you
Thanks so much Dr
Thank you for the clear, and the perfect summary of LFTs.
gggggggggggg&&qqkz
Do you have the slides that we could print for cheat sheets to study? I am mainly interested in the common patterns slide at 23 mins.
They are available on my public Google drive here: drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B9SDUwepGWeUTmtscnJSSjR5OE0 (under the folder for lab interpretation)
Awesome! Any way to get these slides?
I think this link will work: www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/agy8y8206d7kx504dxvs0/Interpretation-of-LFTs.pdf?rlkey=bwlk88ci3ywsfqxqtmct02htj&dl=0
Thank you for donating your knowledge to mankind!
Excellent video. Thank you
Thanks so much for posted your video
I have only high GGT and im not an alcohol drinker
How to evaluate low, moderate and high elevated levels ?
Thank you very much it was really helpful
I watch videos like this in my spare time 🤣
Thank you , your lecture has been helping me where i didnt get it in the first place.
Hi Eric, I just had my liver function test. All were in normal range except bilirubin. My total bilirubin was 1.2 (normal is up to 1.0) my direct bilirubin was 0.20 (normal is 0.18) is this a concern?
I'm very sorry, but I can't provide individualized medical advice on here. Interpreting the significance of labs (normal or abnormal) requires knowledge of a person's full medical history, personal habits (e.g. diet, smoking, alcohol use, exercise, etc...), current symptoms, and physical exam findings. I recommend speaking with your physician.
@@StrongMed the reason I ask because every site I see has 1.2 total bilirubin as normal and 0.2 direct bilirubin as normal too. For some reason the lab my doctor uses has lower limits.
Very well explained Sir. Thank you.
Hello, as it has been almost 8 years since the date of making this video, would you kindly post a comment where you mention if there are any significant changes is how the different findings in these tests are treated/interpreted? (If any)
There have been no significant updates to the routine interpretation of LFTs.
@@StrongMed thanks a lot for the video and the fast reply.
Imazing 👌✨️
Referring to 7:12, Please can you suggest me a reference that describe the mechanism of AST:ALT>2 in alcoholic liver disease?? Is it due to the subcellular location of the enzymes. Thanks
I don't know enough of the relevant biochemistry to comment on this article's accuracy, but this should address your question: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3866949/
probably alcoholics have reduced pyridoxine levels which is responsible for formation of pyruvate(alt/sgpt). since those may be less it causes low alt.
Another reason is alcholic metabolites affects the mitochondrial levels more causing elveaed AST and low ALT..
What do you think?