Cell Adhesion Molecules | Structure and Types

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are a subset of cell surface proteins that are involved in the binding of cells with other cells or with the extracellular matrix (ECM), in a process called cell adhesion. In essence, CAMs help cells stick to each other and to their surroundings. CAMs are crucial components in maintaining tissue structure and function. In fully developed animals, these molecules play an integral role in generating force and movement and consequently ensuring that organs are able to execute their functions normally.
CAMs are typically single-pass transmembrane receptors and are composed of three conserved domains: an intracellular domain that interacts with the cytoskeleton, a transmembrane domain, and an extracellular domain. These proteins can interact in several different ways. The first method is through homophilic binding, where CAMs bind with the same CAMs. They are also capable of heterophilic binding, meaning a CAM on one cell will bind with different CAMs on another cell.
There are four major superfamilies or groups of CAMs: the immunoglobulin super family of cell adhesion molecules (IgCAMs), Cadherins, Integrins, and the Superfamily of C-type of lectin-like domains proteins (CTLDs). Proteoglycans are also considered to be a class of CAMs.
One classification system involves the distinction between calcium-independent CAMs and calcium-dependent CAMs.[7] Integrins and the Ig-superfamily CAMs do not depend on Ca2+ while cadherins and selectins depend on Ca2+. In addition, integrins participate in cell-matrix interactions, while other CAM families participate in cell-cell interactions.
Immunoglobulin superfamily CAMs (IgSF CAMs) is regarded as the most diverse superfamily of CAMs. This family is characterized by their extracellular domains containing Ig-like domains.
Integrins, one of the major classes of receptors within the ECM,mediates cell-ECM interactions with collagen, fibrinogen, fibronectin, and vitronectin. Integrins provide essential links between the extracellular environment and the intracellular signalling pathways, which can play roles in cell behaviours such as apoptosis, differentiation, survival, and transcription.
The cadherins are homophilic Ca2+
dependent glycoproteins. The classic cadherins (E-, N and P-) are concentrated at the intermediate cell junctions, which link to the actin filament network through specific linking proteins called catenins.
The selectins are a family of heterophilic CAMs that are dependent on fucosylated carbohydrates, e.g., mucins for binding. The three family members are E-selectin (endothelial), L-selectin (leukocyte), and P-selectin (platelet).

[@vijaypagadala]

This video helped me to revise CAM chapter super quick, very helpful sir ,. You are the good teacher

[@zaffariqbal5933]

Hey brother, nice to watch you videos, your way of teaching is incredible, ist UA-cam channel from kashmir, I m loving this,

[@hussainbiology]

Thanks Zaffar for appreciation.. Glad my stuff is proving helpful....❤️

[@zizojaezekeom3565]

​@@hussainbiologyintegrins are calcium dependent and sometimes magnesium dependent why did you write calcium Independent

[@user-xk6yt2ou6x]

@@zizojaezekeom3565 Integrins are cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that can bind to divalent cations like calcium, magnesium, and manganese, but they are not dependent on calcium. In fact, some say that integrins function independently of calcium. However, calcium can modulate the function of integrins, as well as other CAMs like cadherins and selectins. Calcium can also help cells attach to each other and to substrates, and it can affect cell movement, shape, and structure.

[@hanenebdr6383]

best video on this subject by far thank you

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps

[@michaeleisenberg7867]

Good Morning Shabir, Very interesting video. Thank you for assembling all the various cell adhesion molecules. 👏👏👏🏋️🤹🏌️🚵

[@michaeleisenberg7867]

I was thinking these proteins had to be the first to evolve prior to the evolution of multicellular organisms.

[@ventingicecreamtruck9570]

Perfect video and in my opinion perfect speaking spead thank you

[@hussainbiology]

You're very welcome

[@ramchandrasuthar2848]

GREAT ANALYSIS Brother 👍

[@deepusharma3332]

Nice video... ❤from Antarctic

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps....✌️

[@ramya9746]

Thank u soo much
My exam is there in next 8 min
😂😂😂❤❤❤❤

[@hussainbiology]

All the best . Hope u do well

[@sabrinashamme9419]

Thank you very very much

[@LYVwithLYN]

You are talking just fine.

[@hajizafar3008]

Nice video time saving 👍👍😂😇

[@hussainbiology]

Thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps ✌️

[@qazibhat]

Sir G u Re the 🔥
Luv ❤️u From Green Town

[@misbahhussain1021]

Best one

[@backstreetfan2887]

this is great, thank you

[@dontnameme]

Cool man

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps ✌️

[@SSCbyR.K.]

Thanks sir

[@ilma4974]

Great 👍👍

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps ✌️

[@learner632]

Thanks sir!

[@dimpidas1928]

Sir please make videos on thermodynamic model of cell interaction.

[@urvashisharma9833]

Best

[@bts_rollercosterlifepurplearmy]

I looking for this and I found it...

[@shivanijha5987]

Sir ..Where can i access ur this written notes in pdf form ?.

[@simplytravelertamil.8527]

What is the molecular mass of adhesion molecule?

[@misbahhussain1021]

No need to know just clear ure concept

[@tanu6464]

☺☺☺

[@krakenkayden2799]

What is cell surface adhesion

[@Mylo.Kingara]

How cell membrane surfaces are interconnected together

[@hellobrother6730]

4:00
Integrin is ca2+ dependent
#correction

[@prashant23c]

Integrin is ca independent

[@hellobrother6730]

Yeah! 👍

[@raefcon9816]

Divalent cations dependent ** I think would be the correct way of describing integrins.

[@niloufarmirian3376]

thanks, but why are you taking so fast??? I am pretty sure no one can understand such this fast speaking

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation.. Glad it helps...

[@DrStrange-ct6fd]

It's right for me, so you can slow down the speed

[@tryingmabest]

Im pretty sure you are the only one dumb here because he is speaking perfectly....

[@LYVwithLYN]

I find it to be a good rate

[@akanshadevrani1851]

Please try to speak bit slowly

[@hussainbiology]

okay

[@GabbyC-nj5lg]

you can slow down the video