Diffraction: Why Does It Happen? (Physics Explained for Beginners)
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- Опубліковано 2 сер 2024
- Why do waves bend around objects or when passing through slits? Why does diffraction occur?
Timestamps:
00:00 - Intro
01:13 - What is Diffraction?
02:56 - Huygens' Wavelets Model for the Motion of Waves
04:29 - Wave Interference
07:37 - How Huygens' Model Works (and Explains Diffraction!)
11:24 - Problems with Huygens' Model
12:04 - How Fresnel Modified Huygens' Model (Huygens-Fresnel Principle)
14:36 - Announcement!
Hey guys, I'm back with another video, one which has been requested by a few of you! In this video I discuss a way in which you can VISUALISE how diffraction occurs. Hopefully after watching this video, you'll be able to understand why waves behave in such a strange way when passing through slits or when passing around objects, rather than just accepting that they do.
Of course, I need to make a disclaimer that the scientific models I discuss in this video (Huygens' Wavelets and the Huygens-Fresnel Principle) aren't necessarily how waves actually behave in real life - they're just really good mathematical models that accurately predict how waves behave in real life. But then, that's true of the majority of physics anyway.
Christiaan Huygens came up with a fairly simple but very clever way of understanding wave behaviour by breaking up waves into lots of small chunks that all behave in a very predictable way - by emitting lots of "secondary" waves. His model helped scientists to understand and visualise that waves must indeed bend in a very specific way when passing through a slit, or around an object. The idea that each point along a wave acts as a source of secondary waves, along with the idea that each of these secondary waves interferes with each other secondary wave it interacts with, accounted for a large chunk of observed wave behaviour.
For this reason, I wanted to show you Huygens' model, as well as talk about wave interference. For those of you who don't know about interference, and aren't happy with the pretty speedy and simplistic explanation I gave in this video, I highly suggest you check out the wikipedia page on interference. It's an idea often taught at high school (or college) level physics and it's mega interesting.
Huygens' model, genius though it was, had a few flaws. When we say flaws, what we really mean is that the model's predictions did not perfectly match what we observe in real life. So Jean-Augustin Fresnel came along and modified the model to make sure its predictions did match observed phenomena. Fresnel added an "obliquity factor" to the secondary waves emitted by each point, a sort of attenuation or "strength" factor depending on which direction these secondary waves were travelling in, as well as modifying the phases of the waves moving in each direction from a point source. These modifications to Huygens' original model naturally meant that Fresnel had created a new model entirely. This model is known as the Huygens-Fresnel Principle.
With all of that being said, I hope you enjoyed this video. Please leave a thumbs up and subscribe to this channel if you enjoy physics content like this, as well as to my new second channel Parth G's Shenanigans (link: / @_parthmusic ) if you want to hear some of my music. Also follow me on Instagram @parthvlogs. I'll see you soon!
I love it when you just find a random video of someone that understands something enough to be able to simplify it
*Dude, I just read the Huygens' Principle in my textbook like three times... I just grasped it now with your explanation. Thanks a bunch.*
Same its really difficult to understand it through textbook
Great channel you have a talent for explaining :)
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SIMP
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0:07 "The outbreak shall not be named"
0:16 "In this video ill take.... ***** outbreak"
Well thats only 9 seconds..
It sounds Voldemortish
@@kayrstar8965 exactly!
Was about to make this comment…😂
currently IAM doing bsc in physics from UA-cam university. thank you
same its fun knowing all this when u in highschool XD
@@shrivarshini4681 😁👍
@@shrivarshini4681 It's more fun when you know it in middle school.
@@chinmaykrishna6485 too bad i totally hated physics in middle school
@@theoenomelphilosopher8687 Actually teachers make physics boring.
My goodness thank you so much for making this. Trying to explain Huygen's construction is one of the most painful things I've ever had to teach.
Right....most hard thing for BANGLADESHI students ever
@@alakh2472 are Bangladeshi student's brains fried or something? why would Huygen's wave principle be the one that's so hard for them to understand
Wow man, you have got some serious skills of explaining, This is what everyone wants from a teacher that is explaining everything from scratch, not expecting from the student to have any knowledge, please never discontinue this
I've been looking everywhere all night for an explanation of diffraction through a slit and glad I didn't give up! So many videos state that diffraction just exists and don't explain why and it drove me CRAZY. Thank you so much
This man is obnoxiously underrated. He explained diffraction in the most understandable way. Could never have understood this without ya. Thanks man ✊
This was awesome, I can't imagine how much work must go into this.
Hey Parth! I really love the way you make things seem simple! Would love to see your perspectives on reciprocal space soon! Take care :)
Thank you so much! I’ve just started a degree in diagnostic radiography (after a long time out of education) and have little physics background. This has been a really helpful resource to cement my learning. You have a great clear way of explaining, making this less complicated. Thanks again!😃
The most clear explaination about this topic. Great work and thank you!
This was extremely well done, and very comprehensible. Thank you so much!
It's amazing the way you have made these things so simple!
Thank you !
Ok, I've watched this video several times since it came out, I think I finally got it! Nice way to put this whole diffraction concept, thanks!
Yes me too and still, yet if I get what is wonderfully said in this Video it will not answer your question in different scenarios like if you imagine with different wave lengths the Arc of diffraction is different : Bigger wavelengths tend to have a complete arc of diffraction while smaller wavelengths get a very small arc.
In this video it explains it : ua-cam.com/video/BH0NfVUTWG4/v-deo.html
The best description I have ever seen. Simply great.👍
You made the concept so easy....i can't believe that this 15 minutes video made me understand the whole topic which I was trying from last 5 hours..
Thank you its really gonna help me in my seminar.
This was one the best educational videos I have ever seen! Thank you
Great video, I wasn't aware of this explanation for the explanation of diffraction. Food for thought 😁
Fantastic stuff Parth.
It's was extremely amazing I never get while I was reading it many times but you made so much for me to understand itt❤️
very nice explanation. thanks for the video. Great work, keep going!
One of the best of all your uploads
A wonderful and clear explanation! Thank you!
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Thank you! amazingly explained.
The best description I saw, thanks my friend
You are the definition of Physics Teacher! Thank you so much!
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Nicely done-very clear!
Such a great video good job!!!!
Finally you helped me in understanding ...Huygens principles and why light bends at corners... thanks very much
A talented man gliding over complex subjects - enjoyable.
Thanks for the great visualisation
This was so concise!
This video is just so amazinggggg!!! I have fallen in love with waves...tysm!
You made it easy to understand, thanks!
This is the best explanation of diffraction I have ever seen.Thanks
Very good explanation and especially the visualization)
I love the setup behind you!
such a good explanation! so helpful:)
Awesome video, wonderful explanation
Awesome bro, great way to spread your knowledge, I have understood now
Wow what a fantastic explanation!
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Great explanation! Well done!
Amazingly explained 🙌🏻🙌🏻 thanks a lot
10:36 everything just clicked for me. I love beautiful “aha” moments like this. Thank you!
What an explanation Parth!
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LOVED the explanation!
Thanks, makes it somewhat clearer.
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As soon as i saw the title, i subscribed. I love first principle questioning
Thanx for the time stamps, really useful
THIS IS GREAT STUFF....
Thanks a ton!!
The best explanation!
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Great explanation. Thankyou very much...!!!!
You made an awesome explanation. Loved it
just amazing👌best video on diffraction
CLEAR CUT EXPLANATION SIR! THANKS A LOT.
Your explanations are great.
great video. thx. I hope you make more video like this.
Never got such simple explanation from anyone
Thanks
Awesome explanation Sir.Keep up your great work.Thank you.
I really enjoyed this explanation ! thank you
Thank you! This video helped me a lot with my studies. Could you explain ladder operators and how to preform them on the harmonic oscillator?
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👍
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Thank-you so much.You explained is help me understand the wave much more than be for. 😄
Great explanation!!!Thank you
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Soon I'm taking the Optics exam from my physics degree and it has been really clarifying.
Thank you very much Parth. Subscribed ;)
Great explanation ❤
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Very well explained and seems v logical 👍
Thank god i found your video.
U just taught wave optics in 15 min.
Thank you and may god bless you.
Very nice explanation. Thanks a lot :-)
Thank you very much for your detailed explanation, It's really help me out.
Superb,Partha....Carry on....
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Wow, thank you so much. I don't learn well with textbooks, and this really helped me understand.
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Hearts.
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Scattering theory refers "secondary wave" as "secondary source", and it is possible to be higher order, third, fourth and so on. Very nice explanation, you are genius.
Fantastic, thank you
Hello Parth G! thanks again for this one; your videos are my go to when I try to make sense of physics things! Could you please do one on Green's functions and the equation of Laplace? Thanks a bunch