Japan, Not China, Dominates Southeast Asia 🛕

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  • Опубліковано 29 лис 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 158

  • @icebaby6714
    @icebaby6714 4 місяці тому +11

    Despite of heavy investment in Southeast Asia, Japanese influence seems not as strong as it used to be in the 1980s & 1990s. Take for example in Singapore, many Japanese department stores closed down one after another, Sogo, Taimaru, Yaohan, Tokyu and Seiyu closed business in Singapore over past 2-3 decades replaced by Chinese department store and shops, not sure what happened. My impression is Koreans have more presence in Southeast Asia than Japanese, wherever you go, in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam and East Malaysia you see Korean restaurants and a lot of Korean tourists. There are many Korean factories in southeast Asia, however Japanese tourists used to be a lot but nowadays very little, you can hardy see any Japanese at tourist spots. It is true Japan has strong influence in Southeast Asia ever since 1980s, most people like to drive Japanese cars and nowadays there are more & more Japanese restaurants in Singapore and other parts of Southeast Asia. Korean and Chinese are catching up fast, more people are eating Korean food and spicy Chinese dishes, Sichuan grilled fish and hotpots (culture invasion?).
    Although both Japan and Korea have strong influence in Southeast Asia, don't forget ethnic Chinese exist in almost all the countries in Southeast Asia and dominate the local economy and culture since past 500-800 years. 40%-50% of Thais have Chinese heritage to some extent, many of the Thai PMs have Chinese ancestors (some of them are 1/4 or 1/2 Chinese and adopted Thai family names instead of Chinese names). Over 30% of Malaysians are ethnic Chinese who can speak Chinese dialects and Mandarin. 75% of Singaporeans are ethnic Chinese. In the Philippines there are also a lot of local Chinese who have been there for 200+ years and dominate the economy. Many of the presidents in the Philippines are Chinese or part Chinese, former President Rodrigo Duterte's grandfather is Chinese; former president Corazon Aquino is part Chinese; and former president Ferdinand Marcos was 1/2 Chinese. In Indonesia, the local Chinese population is only 1% but it dominates the country's economy. Like the Thai Chinese Indonesian Chinese have been assimilated, they don't speak Chinese and adopted Indonesian family names. As you can see how deep and strong Chinese roots and influence are in all these countries for centuries, which is impossible for Japan and Korea to match.
    As for the SCS conflicts, there are multiple fights among 6 countries not just with China, China inherited the 11 dash line claim from the former government of ROC (Republic of China that lost Civil War to the communists and fled to Taiwan in 1949) and reduced it to 9 dash line after settling some parts of disputes in Tonkin Bay with Communist Little Brother Vietnam in the 1970s. Despite China and Taiwan claim the entire SCS, in reality China only controls 6 islands and Taiwan controls two while Vietnam controls 26 islands and the Philippines controls 17. China wants to resolve the SCS conflicts through dialogue among all countries, and it almost reaches an agreement except for the Philippines. The US wants to take advantage of the situation to get all these countries together to fight China in the SCS, and Japan provides warships and support to the Philippines to counter China, however other than the Philippines, other countries involved such as Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia and Vietnam take a peaceful approach on this to avoid wars. Like China Vietnam also builds runways and infrastructures on some of the islands. As both Vietnam and China are communist countries, the relationship is strong at party level with strong tie with Russia. Malaysia has strong economic tie with China, both the former and current PMs are pro-China and made multiple trips to China.
    Chinese EV company BYD is going to build a big factory in Thailand for making EV cars in the region, which will compete with Tesla and Japanese & Korean cars.

    • @raymonddon8875
      @raymonddon8875 4 місяці тому +1

      japan is failing where china is rising in all aspects!

  • @alberthenriette8976
    @alberthenriette8976 4 місяці тому +37

    This guy must be living under a rock😂

    • @raymonddon8875
      @raymonddon8875 3 місяці тому

      this host cant find his bum from a hole in the wall.

    • @erwinlee2842
      @erwinlee2842 3 місяці тому +5

      He is a Japan fan

    • @choongwong5801
      @choongwong5801 3 місяці тому +2

      Should ask him where is the High Speed Rail for India 😢😢😢😢

  • @ImRezaF
    @ImRezaF 4 місяці тому +39

    The funny thing about Sino-Japan competition for influence in Southeast Asia when Indonesia was planning to build its HSR, they were given 2 proposals, Japanese and Chinese proposals. The Japanese one cost around $6 Billion with 1% interest, meanwhile Chinese one was around $5 Billion with 3% interest. So Indonesia chose the Chinese proposal since they perceived it to be the cheaper one...
    Until they did an audit back in 2021 and found out due to some circumstances the cost had risen to around $7 Billion...with 3% interest. This will always be funny to me.

    • @darthutah6649
      @darthutah6649 4 місяці тому +11

      Similar story to Angola
      As part of the belt and road initiative, China invested in a railroad in Angola. To make a long story short, the railroad had subpar quality. This gave the US an opportunity to invest in the project.

    • @icebaby6714
      @icebaby6714 4 місяці тому +11

      Sour grapes! Unlike Japan China agreed to do technology sharing & knowledge transfer to Indonesians after HSR completion while Japan is unwilling to do so, which makes a big difference, that was why Indonesia chose China over Japan...as you know Indonesia has ambition of building HSR on its own in the near future.

    • @raymonddon8875
      @raymonddon8875 4 місяці тому +5

      this video is click bait & 100% fake!

    • @ImRezaF
      @ImRezaF 4 місяці тому +2

      @@icebaby6714 Explain the sudden cost increase to $7 Billion (also not to mention the high 3% interest)

    • @raymonddon8875
      @raymonddon8875 4 місяці тому +5

      chinese BYD cars # 1 export in the world, geez do more homework when making a video!!!!

  • @ReviveHF
    @ReviveHF 3 місяці тому +9

    China has huge talents, massive market potential, vast resources,superior tech, decent military(from US standards) and nukes. But Japan has unmatch diplomacy and unbeatable softpower. I'm watching Japanese Anime with Xiaomi smartphone.

  • @thetrustysidekick3013
    @thetrustysidekick3013 4 місяці тому +14

    JICA is the biggest investor for infrastructure in my country and its projects actually get built.

    • @juamu1132
      @juamu1132 3 місяці тому +4

      when it's built it's already obsolete.

    • @thetrustysidekick3013
      @thetrustysidekick3013 3 місяці тому +2

      @@juamu1132 hardly, they have a better track record than any Chinese “investment”, plus they don’t cheap out on the materials, like steel.

    • @juamu1132
      @juamu1132 3 місяці тому +1

      @@thetrustysidekick3013 you mean kickbacks. you do know japan will callback it's "aid" now that decided to raise the yen again.those "aid" you are referring to has to be paid and fast.

    • @rider2731
      @rider2731 3 місяці тому +1

      Go to Saigon and you will see Japanese projects that are abandoned half way. The most notorious one is the Saigon subway project. Meanwhile the high speed trains in Indonesia and Laos have been operational and become their nations’ pride. This channel is spreading fake news and hateful propaganda.

    • @reinpinebook825
      @reinpinebook825 2 місяці тому

      ​@@thetrustysidekick3013 Proof there is Kaliwa Dam.

  • @abellyold4859
    @abellyold4859 4 місяці тому +7

    Neither dominates South East Asia, each have their respective regions of influence in SEA. Japan is no doubt more dominant in the Phillipines. China is more dominant in Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar. Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand , Malaysia and Singapore have extensive ties with both and managed to strike a fine balance. Just an objective take based on the news and reality on the ground.

  • @0matters
    @0matters 3 місяці тому +3

    of course, Japan is a developed nation since 80s. China has been busy trying to develop, used to have lower gdp/capita than Vietnam in 80s. China is still developing and no where near the 22k/capita to be considered fully developed.
    Even Taiwan and South Korea have more influence in ASEAN.

  • @JericoJopio
    @JericoJopio 3 місяці тому +8

    To be honest, as a Filipino consumer myself, I have grown up seeing and using Japanese-made products and appliances like Sanyo, Aiwa, Panasonic, Sharp, and many more. Even the JICA-funded classrooms in some schools here in the Philippines are still being used to this day. China was relatively late in terms of investing in the Philippines, while Japan has been doing it for 60 years.☺️🇵🇭

  • @juanjorge751
    @juanjorge751 2 місяці тому +1

    Well it depends on the market, what’s true is that japan soft power kinda has more presence on ASEA, and also maybe motorbike, I mean they mock Indonesia’s president on social media just because they choose China to built their HSR.
    Pd: Japan’s soft power is begging to create brain root among the world, really it’s sad that when they see any Asia’s mythology or ancient/medieval content they replies, “it’s that Japanese? It’s that a katana ? “

  • @siconghe1515
    @siconghe1515 3 місяці тому +7

    As far as I know many people in Southeast Asia hate Japan because Japan keep dumping highly nuclear water into the sea.
    Not to mention that Japan cars are for the past. Chinese EVs are taking more and market share in Southeast Asia.
    Japan’s dominance in Southeast Asia is going down slowly.

    • @user-vz5gi5tw9x
      @user-vz5gi5tw9x 3 місяці тому

      China's Fuqing Nuclear Power Plant is releasing more than twice as much tritium into the ocean as the Fukushima nuclear plant. Much of the criticism of Fukushima is just propaganda fueled by Chinese people on social media. First of all, only treated water from Fukushima that has been tested for many years by various research institutes, including the IAEA, and that has been found to be harmless is discharged into the ocean, and the practice of discharging treated water into the ocean is not only done in Japan, but in countries all over the world. It is not fair for Japan to be the only one to receive criticism, and those who criticize Fukushima are just being fueled by Chinese propaganda. Even the Korean government independently tested Japanese seafood about 50,000 times, but never found any contaminated fish. And is there any evidence that people in Southeast Asia hate Japan because of treated water? Have you gone to Southeast Asia and asked them?

  • @Winghay.Y13
    @Winghay.Y13 3 місяці тому +2

    South Korea: That's cute....you guys just focus on the 'big things'?

  • @Hangzhou82
    @Hangzhou82 4 місяці тому +8

    The majority of SE Asian leaders have partial or full Chinese ancestry, whether or not they acknowledge it in the public. The same for the business community. They certainly empathize deeply with their ancestral homeland. Japanese products like MUJI, Uniqlo, Toyota and Honda are still favored, but American and Chinese companies are the preferred option for smartphones, laptops, computers, not to mention electric vehicles.

  • @stayfree870
    @stayfree870 3 місяці тому +3

    As of February 2024, Japan's national debt was 1,286.45 trillion yen ($8.6 trillion), which is more than double the size of its economy. This debt is one of the highest among developed nations and is the highest debt-to-GDP ratio in the world. In 2022, Japan's government debt to GDP was 263.90%, an all-time high, and Trading Economics projects it will reach 268% by the end of 2024.

    • @jorgekumagai2672
      @jorgekumagai2672 3 місяці тому

      I don´t know which country is worst in terms of the national debt, USA or Japan? Here, The United States owe 35 trilllion dollar, and "pay" 1 trillion dollar each 100 days just the cover interest of its debt.

    • @Bunnyroo7
      @Bunnyroo7 3 місяці тому

      @@jorgekumagai2672 The US national debt is about 120pc of GDP making it far lower than Japan.

    • @Bunnyroo7
      @Bunnyroo7 3 місяці тому

      Relevance? It's a bit more complicated than that. Most of Japan's debt is domestic. Because Japanese interest rates have been so low for so long, many Japanese savers prefer buying Japanese savings bonds as they at least have some yield.

    • @jorgekumagai2672
      @jorgekumagai2672 3 місяці тому +1

      @@Bunnyroo7 - It does not matter much, it is a six of one and half a dozen of the other, both countries are in very bad shape and there is no other way to describe it. 😀

    • @Bunnyroo7
      @Bunnyroo7 3 місяці тому

      @@jorgekumagai2672 Most of the world is in bad shape. I'd not laugh, Wumao.

  • @barryonuora1700
    @barryonuora1700 3 місяці тому +3

    I trust Japan to china

    • @jorgekumagai2672
      @jorgekumagai2672 3 місяці тому

      China never invaded and colonized your countries (Asian countries)😀

  • @oodo2908
    @oodo2908 3 місяці тому

    I don't agree with with the premise, but I love the video! It's good! Great voice!

  • @jorgekumagai2672
    @jorgekumagai2672 3 місяці тому +2

    Sour grapes! It is a wishful thinking! 😀 The times have changed, these are different times, and you are still living in the past!

  • @luckytai-lan2166
    @luckytai-lan2166 4 місяці тому +3

    I hope you don't mind if I report some CCP bots I've read in the comments section.

    • @Freedom_from_imp
      @Freedom_from_imp 3 місяці тому

      Correct. China installed more robots in their factories than the next 4 countries combined. With the recent advances of their ai industry, some of their robots gained consciousness and started watching UA-cam videos and commenting on them. They truly are living in the future.

  • @jaytso1883
    @jaytso1883 4 місяці тому +9

    SEA still remembers the horrendous crimes committed against them 70 years ago

    • @jaytso1883
      @jaytso1883 4 місяці тому +1

      @luckytai-lan2166 Are, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia... not SEA????

    • @kleec495
      @kleec495 3 місяці тому +1

      It's believe a country will be united if everyone have the common enemy. Hence history books in school keep remind us about the enemy of the past. Most of SEA countries had European colonizer with bigger influence who can fill that role, so Japan is not really required.

    • @thetrustysidekick3013
      @thetrustysidekick3013 3 місяці тому +1

      @@jaytso1883 remember, sure, but we’re also aware who is stirring up trouble NOW.

    • @sheikhshit
      @sheikhshit 3 місяці тому

      yeah we dont care
      i love my corolla shitbox and dragonball

  • @reinpinebook825
    @reinpinebook825 4 місяці тому +10

    One big example is Singapore. Despite being the escape route of CCP oligarchs, Lee Kuan Yew deemed Singapore to follow the Japanese model and make it look like Japan. WHOOSH of Indonesia didn't start without sowing the seeds from Japan. PT INKA itself was shaped by Japan.
    What about PH? Well, most of its infrastructure projects were Japanese-funded.

    • @icebaby6714
      @icebaby6714 4 місяці тому +4

      Japanese company is super slow in building subways and HSR lines...it has taken more than a decade to build the subway line 1 in Ho Chi Minh City while China has completed subway line 1 in Hanoi of similar distance two years ago. As for the HSR, there have been many delays on HSR lines Japanese company is working on in India, not sure how many years will it take to complete, likely 2 decades per line. There are 10 subway lines to be built in Ho Chi Minh City, the mayor complained about the delays and joked about it saying it will take 100 years to complete all 10 lines based on the current pace. Unlike Japanese Chinese engineers & workers are very hardworking, they work 12 hours per day 6-7 days per week and even work on public holidays, Japanese engineers don't work overtime and they frequently go back Japan to take breaks/vacations.

    • @juamu1132
      @juamu1132 3 місяці тому

      they barely build anything most filipinos think it's high quality, but really it's kickbacks for polticians and the japanese.

    • @dunzhen
      @dunzhen 3 місяці тому

      Interesting thing is Japan, Philippines, and Singapore are all controlled by America, especially the first two

    • @thetrustysidekick3013
      @thetrustysidekick3013 3 місяці тому +2

      @@juamu1132 provably false. Just a cursory look at where funding came from for many completed projects would lead to JICA.

    • @Empireoflies1984
      @Empireoflies1984 3 місяці тому

      What is ccp?

  • @raymonddon8875
    @raymonddon8875 4 місяці тому +16

    japan starting many projects in south america, india and africa - and never finished them. get your video correct!

    • @raymonddon8875
      @raymonddon8875 4 місяці тому +5

      this vid is 100% fake, please do more research!

    • @raymonddon8875
      @raymonddon8875 4 місяці тому +3

      @@LearnJapaneseinHindiwithHarsh yes harsh!

    • @boypula3353
      @boypula3353 3 місяці тому +4

      there is no such thing that japan are making big projects in south amerika and africa even though in india maybe you are refering to china not japan maybe you should research more before making such comments

    • @raymonddon8875
      @raymonddon8875 3 місяці тому +4

      @@boypula3353 the reason why japan is so hush hush about their projects overseas is cuzz they never finished them - LOL!

  • @RichardXu-xm6nv
    @RichardXu-xm6nv 4 місяці тому

    LeMay BBQ is the most famous food in Japan ,I love it.
    It is also worth mentioning that Japan thinks they are a military power belonging to the Western civilized world, but they do have -2 nuclear bombs,Make one shiver.

  • @loongdechuanren1008
    @loongdechuanren1008 3 місяці тому

    Most youngsters in ASEAN except the Phillipines are constantly reminded by their parents how cruel the Japanese was during WWII. To buy Japanese stuffs (not at all the electrical) is only when there are no other options and now Chinese EV is another killer!

  • @pendulmonium
    @pendulmonium 4 місяці тому +5

    Japan should stay within the Four main islands and btw Diaoyudao is not part of the four main islands.

    • @inoculateinoculate9486
      @inoculateinoculate9486 3 місяці тому +3

      lmao. cope with the fact that Japan owns those islands

    • @pendulmonium
      @pendulmonium 3 місяці тому

      ​@@inoculateinoculate9486Not a pressing matter. There are more important things that take priority. 🙂

    • @神可汗
      @神可汗 3 місяці тому +1

      @@inoculateinoculate9486 The Diaoyu Islands are under China's actual control. Are you still asleep? lol

  • @latiendaca1773
    @latiendaca1773 3 місяці тому +2

    After ww2, on this planet, only japan is disliked by 100% of its neighbors.

  • @Powerful3258
    @Powerful3258 3 місяці тому +2

    Japan also dominant in the sex toy market number one in AI sex dolls.

  • @therealnoble9799
    @therealnoble9799 3 місяці тому +6

    Japan should be focusing on reparations to all the countries it invaded

    • @Obsidian-Nebula
      @Obsidian-Nebula 3 місяці тому +5

      Yeah, those investments are the reparations

    • @therealnoble9799
      @therealnoble9799 3 місяці тому

      @@Obsidian-Nebula they aren't investing expecting nothing in return. These countries would not be poor in the first place if Japan had not plundered then in the past

  • @davidlim5
    @davidlim5 3 місяці тому +1

    Japan spoit their name without finishimg their projeccts. So shamefools.

  • @dalang8872
    @dalang8872 3 місяці тому +1

    Whatever Japan is under control by ? or can’t get to the top of number one 🤔

  • @raymonddon8875
    @raymonddon8875 4 місяці тому +9

    today its china that is # 1...and not japan!

  • @proudhandsdrawing
    @proudhandsdrawing 3 місяці тому +1

    Wishful thinking is dangerous….😅

  • @AGS363
    @AGS363 4 місяці тому +1

    大東亞共榮圈 4 ever!

  • @CongSingGaoLu888
    @CongSingGaoLu888 3 місяці тому +4

    Japan has a very positive image among Filipinos, while China, not so much, even among Filipinos with Chinese ancestry. China’s belligerent behavior in the West Philippine Sea doesn’t help it. Filipinos empathize more with Taiwan, since they represent a China that is more authentic and traditional which was destroyed by the CCP during the cultural revolution in the mainland.

    • @神可汗
      @神可汗 3 місяці тому +1

      West Philippine Sea? You learned geography at McDonald's? That's called the South China Sea.😂

    • @CongSingGaoLu888
      @CongSingGaoLu888 3 місяці тому

      @@神可汗
      West Philippine Sea is the body of water including the islets and features that comprise The Philippines EEZ under the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which China is a signatory of by the way.

    • @神可汗
      @神可汗 3 місяці тому +1

      @@CongSingGaoLu888 The South China Sea is the South China Sea. There is no such thing as the West Philippine Sea. The United Nations has never recognized that the South China Sea is the exclusive economic zone of the Philippines.
      On July 13, 2016, the United Nations official weibo account clarified that the organization had no relationship with the arbitral tribunal in this case.[31][32] Because the arbitral tribunal in this case does not belong to the International Court of Justice or other judicial bodies of the United Nations system, its ruling cannot be submitted to the United Nations Security Council for enforcement in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 14 of the United Nations Charter on the International Court of Justice.[33]

    • @神可汗
      @神可汗 3 місяці тому

      Taiwan is a weak regime and they are not qualified to represent China. In 1971, Zhongye Island, which belongs to Taiwan, was temporarily evacuated (garrison evacuated) due to a typhoon. The Philippine military took advantage of the fact that Zhongye Island was deserted and occupied the island. The Taiwanese authorities swallowed their anger and gave up the island. But many Taiwanese people know about this and they don't like the Philippines either. China will settle accounts with you, let's wait and see.

    • @CongSingGaoLu888
      @CongSingGaoLu888 3 місяці тому

      @@神可汗
      The Philippines is only claiming the waters right next to it, it isn’t claiming 90% of the South China Sea like China does with its 9 dash line, or is it 10 or 11 dash line? Whatever, they keep changing it, but you get the point.😂

  • @stayfree870
    @stayfree870 3 місяці тому

    Japan is in debts.

  • @StillBuffering
    @StillBuffering 3 місяці тому +4

    When is Japan gonna apologize to SEA countries for the crimes committed during WW2?

    • @CongSingGaoLu888
      @CongSingGaoLu888 3 місяці тому +2

      They did apologize. Multiple times and paid reparations too.
      In 1993, Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa issued a formal apology to the Filipino people for the "unfortunate past" between Japan and the Philippines.
      In 2015, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe made an apology during a speech in Manila, expressing "utmost grief" over the suffering Japan had inflicted on the Philippines during the war.
      In 2016, Emperor Akihito expressed "deep remorse" over Japan's wartime actions when he met with Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte. This was seen as an implicit apology.

    • @TheSourcerer111
      @TheSourcerer111 3 місяці тому +1

      Feels like u guys just want the FREE MONEY

  • @changhongou1721
    @changhongou1721 4 місяці тому +2

    today? japan doesn't own these islands ( ps are you from japan ? caus' that might explain the title)

    • @changhongou1721
      @changhongou1721 4 місяці тому +1

      also I don't really get what ur talking about japan owned them in the 1940's but after the USA easily defeated them with the island hopping, japan lost much of its control.

  • @lawrencegan8924
    @lawrencegan8924 2 місяці тому

    Get real. Dream on. 😂😂

  • @KyoushaPumpItUp
    @KyoushaPumpItUp 3 місяці тому +3

    so many wumaos in the comment section

    • @Freedom_from_imp
      @Freedom_from_imp 3 місяці тому +1

      Where? I didn't see any.

    • @juanjorge751
      @juanjorge751 2 місяці тому

      @@Freedom_from_imp it’s just a westerner or anti-China people, so basically when their opinions does not align with theirs it will call the wumao, bot etc, kinda like Twitter or X user that calls everyone with a different option a nazi.

  • @12kenbutsuri
    @12kenbutsuri 4 місяці тому +10

    So funny to see so many CCP bots here on the comments lol

    • @Monkey341
      @Monkey341 3 місяці тому +1

      Yeah, when people disagree, they are bots! But when you disagree, what are you? A US lapdog bot!

    • @panemetcircenses510
      @panemetcircenses510 3 місяці тому +2

      The more bots you see, the more it’s true.

    • @dalang8872
      @dalang8872 3 місяці тому

      What’s funny ?😁

    • @Freedom_from_imp
      @Freedom_from_imp 3 місяці тому +1

      When you cannot offer a counter argument you resort to name calling. Great strategy. I hope you are not a competitive chess player.

    • @12kenbutsuri
      @12kenbutsuri 3 місяці тому +1

      @Freedom_from_imp true, i could never defeat a bot. Even a pro cant in chess.

  • @raymonddon8875
    @raymonddon8875 4 місяці тому +4

    chinese BYD cars is # 1.

    • @GDIdoujinmediaworks
      @GDIdoujinmediaworks 4 місяці тому

      Lol hardly anybody is buying EVs in South East Asia. They all buy Daihatsu-Toyotas with internal combustion engine. The BYD plant in Thailand will lose money.

    • @raymonddon8875
      @raymonddon8875 4 місяці тому

      @@GDIdoujinmediaworks 100% false statement.

    • @神可汗
      @神可汗 3 місяці тому +1

      @@GDIdoujinmediaworks Hahaha, most people in Southeast Asia don't have cars. You're so funny. The competition has just begun

    • @siconghe1515
      @siconghe1515 3 місяці тому +2

      The latest plug in EV from byd costs less than 2.9L of oil per 100km. It’s a perfect car for those not so rich people in Southeast Asia.

    • @raymonddon8875
      @raymonddon8875 3 місяці тому +1

      @@siconghe1515 amen 1515