I love the scientists sense of humor!! Pulsars are dead stars, so this one was nicknamed Lich. Then because we found planets around it that came after the dead star we nicknamed them after undead because Liches raise the dead to serve them lmao!
A sincere thank you for stating this. It didn't seem like SciShow understood the connection between the names, or at least didn't clarify it to the viewers.
@@squiddiot5477 Draugr are undead creatures in Scandinavian folklore. They typically guard treasure in caves or barrows according to legends. Exspiravit is typically used for the term ghost in latin, there are a few others but draugr isn't a latin term. Apparently it means "friends" in Lithuanian though, so there's that
Lich, Draugr, Poltergeist and Phobetor, are NOT nicknames but formal names approved by the International Astronomical Union. This was a result of a process of public nomination and voting run by the IAU in 2014-15. The winning names were submitted by the Planetarium Südtirol Alto Adige of Italy. By the same process 51 Pegasi and 51 Pegasi b were named Helvetios and Dimidium (names submitted by the Astronomische Gesellschaft Luzern of Switzerland). As an item aimed at the public, I think you should give the names as well as the scientific designations.
It was polish astronomer professor Aleksander Wolszczan (read like "volsh-chan") and the finding was done in the Arecibo radio wave observatory in Puerto Rico. The observatory itself is a masterpiece of engineering and technology still after several decades.
Adam Wrześniewski I live in Puerto Rico and I have visited the Arecibo Observatory a couple of times and it really is a masterpiece of engineering. Just how massive the thing is and how it works and the technology behind it(even after several decades) is just wonderful and kinda hard to comprehend but still a beautiful thing to appreciate.
xCRAZYGHOSTx - it's a great example how people can use their money and power to gain more knowledge, instead of fighting esch other. Hope i could visit this place one day.
hyperion303 I was born and raised in Poland and when i was in school the teachers didnt even mention a word about professor Wolszczan. First info i found about this amazing person was in a book "Entering Space" by Robert Zubrin. Professor A. Wolszczan is one of the most underrated scientists i think. When he was in the high school he constructed his own telescope of eyeglasses lenses. It is also amaxing how did he manage to get out of Poland and work fir the University of Pennsylvania during the comunists period.
The Minute you said the name of the pulsar I was thinking "how cool it would be if they named other pulsars after mythological undead like draugr, ghost, and vampire". I got a laugh when you named the planets orbiting Lich.
It's so amazing how scientists are able not only to collect data about the universe at incredible precisions but also to detect the TINIEST fluctuations in those extremely precise data values -- and formulate solid hypotheses and glean valuable knowledge from interpreting the patterns! Scientists be like, "Bro, you see that pulsar's output pattern shifted by 0.00000000001423% just now? Holy crap, that S.O.B. has exoplanets!" Just one of many example's why I love science and its findings!
Lol. How many kids here have no idea why that "FF" effect sounds and looks like that? ... ...Way back in 1995, in a world of Windows 3.1, long before there was a Google, when Nintendo cartridges dominated the world, a few of us stopped cave painting just long enough to create the things we called VHS tapes. These VHS tapes played videos when they are placed in VCR's (we really liked our uninteresting acronyms back then). This happened back when the only people making interesting "content" were multi million dollar corporations. Most VHS tapes were borrowed from a store. It's like Netflix you had to drive to. Unlike Netflix if you didn't get to the store early enough on Thursdays (the day new videos were released to the public by multi-million dollar corporations) you wouldn't get to watch the latest available title until next week. When you placed one of these VHS tapes into a VCR you had to push a ⏩ button and a motor inside the VCR made the video play super fast. This looked like the digital effect used at the beginning of this video. If you watched a VHS "video" until the end and forgot to hit the ⏪ button and wait 2-5 minutes, the rental store (cave-Netflix) charged you a fee. Back when we were cavemen, the video rental store was like Facebook before FB started rigging elections. You would go to the store and walk around being judgemental and feeling judged based on what categories of videos you were interested in and what you chose to rent. It was the place to go for socially awkward encounters and to make people you barely know feel uncomfortable. That was life.....back in 1995 when we were cavemen and women... -Jake
Just to be clear, the fast forward and reverse buttons had two modes. When the VCR was stopped hitting ⏪ or ⏩ would run only the motor, moving the tape towards the beginning or the end. Doing this while the machine was playing would advance or reverse the recording several times normal speed while quieting (not quite fully muting) the sound and showing a distorted image that was just clear enough that you could hopefully see when you reached the point you wanted to watch.
Finally, after over two decades someone is telling the truth again about WHAT exoplanets were discovered first, and WHEN it was done. Still, however, the name of the astronomer who discovered the first three exoplanets is kept away from the public. WHO was this person. And why no tell? I wonder...
I actually observed and studied this pulsar at the Arecibo Radio telescope... and with the astronomer who discovered it too! I'm so happy it's gotten some exposure :)
Surprised to find stuff around a Pulsar? It's almost as if it has the mass of a star, had been a star with stuff around it, had ejected material that would make new stars and planets and there are other things it might encounter and capture in space! :O
Ι could litterally watch a 45 minute compilation video with all the different times you all described what a neutron star is.. and the same for black holes too..
Weird how tidal forces don't rip those planets apart. Yet it can disintegrate a star so precisely to leave the right amount of mass for planets to form. Unknown factor here perhaps?
It all depends on how powerful a magnetosphere, but magnetic fields influence the shape of electron orbitals. When you think that chemical reactions (including those that we call "life") depend on the shape and size of those orbitals to work properly... and when they don't work properly life ceases, then the conclusion is pretty obvious.
"First was a world 'round an old pulsar That's true, but the news is a Sun-like star with wobble too quick and precise to be designed" - _Whole New Worlds: An Aladdin History of Exoplanets_ - A Capella Science
You guys should do a video where you explain how scientist name space objects (Stars, Pulsars, Galaxies etc...). Because some of these names are just ''What the F''
I think they generally follow the pattern of "a person or group of people make up a name or several different names and one of them sticks". Not really any more rigorous than the process by which people get nicknames.
+bong jr a. ordaneza Pulsar = pulsating _star_. A quasar is an active galactic nucleus, not a star. Probably caused by huge accretion disks around even huger galactic black holes - things on a scale way beyond any star.
Generally the name has to do with the telescope or observatory that discovered it, the type of object it is, and sometimes the general location relative to constellations or galaxies that are better known, and with the numbers it could be something like "Hubble telescope's 133rd found high-frequency pulsar in the andromeda galaxy"
I don't know how you get to 25% c (~75,000 km/sec): the circumference is ~62.8 km, and if 6.22 ms is the speed of a full rotation that's a bit more than 10,000 km/sec. Still very fast, but only about 3% of c. (BTW, it could be half as much if by chance the observation angle is such that we see both radiation beams for each revolution - but then the frequency would vary even just with different observation times/places).
Disregard my earlier post, if you saw it. I thought supernova fallback disks and ablated companion stars were the most favored methods of pulsar planet formation, but my information was dated. Here's another citation you might want to include in the comments: www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2017/12/aa31102-17.pdf
Matt Spedicy Draugr are restless undead in Norse mythology. Norse is the term describing the language group and culture of the people inhabiting the coastal regions of the Baltic sea, and Atlantic coast of the Scandinavian peninsula. Today the Norse language has evolved and separated into Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Icelandic and Faroese, along with a bunch of dialects that border on being their own languages, like Elfdaleian and dalecarlian. The Vikings were Norse pirates, mercenaries and conquers, meaning that Viking was an occupation, not a people.
The story is even more complicated, as an extrasolar planet around the normal star Gamma Cephei announced in 1988 by Canadian astronomers has been confirmed to be real.
Many years from now, will pulsars and neutron stars eventually become spinning float balls of neutrons when they cool off and radiate off their energy??
Always knew this and thought it was more common knowledge but its still awesome ironically I was just bringing this up on a Reddit sub with respect to exotic star systems :D
QUESTION: Ok, electrons crushed together with the atomic nuclei would have a neutral charge. That makes sense. What does not make sense is how proton + electron = neutron. A neutron = 2 down quarks + 1 up quark. Does neutron star material have a net neutral charge but isn't truely made of neutrons? We just say it is neutrons for simplicity sake? Are electrons lost and and the quarks in the protons and neutrons forced to recombine into only the triplets for neutrons not any protons? Is there actually conversion of one type of fundemental particle into another? What is really going on?
51 Pegasi B is the first exoplanet found orbiting a main sequence star. There were earlier observations (late 1980s, IIRC) of another planet orbiting a main sequence star, but I think they were only confirmed in the early 2000s. PSR 1257B+12 B and C are the first exoplanets discovered orbiting "any" star.
Question: If the space-time between us and the pulsar is expanding, shouldn't this mean that the time in which we perceive the light of the pulsar increases proportionally to the expansion of space? Since it pulses at regular times
The first time an exoplanet was discovered was in the 1960’s when average everyday people claimed to have come face to face with beings from other planets.
If you want to help find Exoplanets there are several citizen science projects out there. One of which I am a part of on Eve Online. I've got a few videos on my channel.
Half as close as earth is to the sun* Not twice as close. I was just thinking it would be a paradox to be twice as close or double a distance added to itself but be shorter or "Closer". Anybody else kinda get what I'm saying?
Is it possible to have planet systems without stars? Maybe then there are far more planets in the universe, maybe the 4 lightyears to Proxima Centauri could be filled with such systems?
So when a star goes supernova, it generates huge quantities of r-process elements. If these planets formed from the cloud of gas and debris of that supernova, could these planets be made largely of heavy elements like gold, mercury, and uranium? I wonder what heavy metal planets would be like...
*Alien Neil DeGrasse Tyson:* "As you may know, most Systems have a Gas Giant or two in the middle or closest to the star, with a Terrestrial Planet somewhere in there if you're lucky. But IQM-193445018 (Our Solar System) has not one, not two, but FOUR Gas Giants! And ALL of them are orbiting further from the Host Star than the Terrestrial Planets. AND THERE ARE FOUR TERRESTRIAL PLANETS AS WELL! This system challenges every Planetary Formation Model we have..."
One of those terrestrial planets, IQM-193445018-c, is in just the right position around it's star to host liquid water. Who knows, maybe strange creatures evolved there too, and are looking up into their night sky right back at us!
So, what would happen to a human on thtose planets withnthe magnetic fields etc? And what would happen right in the beam of a pulsar? In Stargate Universe they depicted that like immediately getting burned to ashes but what would really happen in such intense gamma, radio and other radiation?
What’s the difference between a Pulsar and a Magnetar? And can the latter support planets too? Finally is it theoretically possible for life to develop on planets in such strange solar systems?
A magnetar is a neutron start with a strong magnetic field in addition to the electrical field. It's not clear whether this is a phase in the evolution of pulsars or whether magnetars happen due to specific conditions during the formation of the neutron star. If the mechanism of formation of the planets is that suggested in the video, I don't see why planets wouldn't be able to form around a magnetar in the same way, and in the same way they would be very likely sterile: the EM fields are of such intensity that they would play havoc with organic chemistry (then again, I'm not an astrophysicist or a biologist!)
What would the chance of an accretion disc forming around a normal Star like ours or even a much larger one that hasn't yet burned through all is fuel yet?
Around "a star like ours" zero, since it's not a binary/ternary system. Mass transfers between members of multiple-star systems are relatively common, but I think detecting an accretion disk (if it forms!) around a normally luminous star would be a difficult feat. Theoretically it's possible that the disk forms: arxiv.org/abs/1504.04144
Not necessarily. It is thought that pulsars (and magnetars) "switch off" after a period of several tens of millions of years, as they slow down. If that is true, most neutron stars that once were pulsars no longer are active.
hmm ok but they all start out as pulsars then? bcus they all get shrunk loads as they form so they must all be spinning super fast at the start and also you could have two neutron stars thatve stopped pulsaring that merge and start again? like that ligo detection of neutron stars merging mightve made a new pulsar. oh or would that make the new one slower bcus it got bigger ugh I cant work it out
We don't know for certain if all NS start out as pulsars; apart from the spinning, the EM field from the parent star has to collapse in a certain way; it's likely that they all do emit pulses for some time, but we don't know. All NS will spin very fast because they will all have collapsed to a tiny diameter from a much larger pre-collapse diameter rotating star. The object resulting from the merger of two NS will almost certainly be a black hole; the LIGO detection pointed at a "temporary" larger NS held in existence by super-fast rotation but that collapsed into a black hole very quickly. Theoretically it could even have an angular moment of precisely zero, if the two components have an exactly opposite angular rotation, thus no rotation at all.
What force makes a pulsar keep rotating? Original merger with companion star and frictionless vacuum of space? Or some gravitational mechanical repetitive process inside the core? Maybe the ''gravity bands'' cross and snap back, putting energy back into the rotation. Just like stored energy in a rubber band. Or maybe the beams of electromagnetic radiation is like high pressure water leaving a water hose. Making the hose move. Hmmmmmmmmmmmm
TweakAthang pulsars they keep rotating for a while due to inertia. Most pulsars slow down over time due to radiation carrying energy out of the system. I say "most" since some pulsars are in binary systems where angular momentum exchange through accretion can occur, which can increase the angular momentum of the pulsar (and therefore its rotation rate)
Conservation of momentum. The original pre-supernova star had huge angular momentum not least because of its huge radius, and momentum is (roughly speaking) proportional to the square of that radius but only directly proportional to angular speed. Some momentum is lost because it is transferred to the explosion ejecta, but since the radius for the core mass decreases by a factor of ~300 (assuming iron core diameter of ~6000 km and neutron star diameter of ~20 km), angular speed of the core has to increase by a factor of ~90,000 without considering any residual momentum transferred from infalling material.
I love the scientists sense of humor!! Pulsars are dead stars, so this one was nicknamed Lich. Then because we found planets around it that came after the dead star we nicknamed them after undead because Liches raise the dead to serve them lmao!
A sincere thank you for stating this. It didn't seem like SciShow understood the connection between the names, or at least didn't clarify it to the viewers.
Also the fact that poltergeists are invisible presences that knock things around - in this case, the pulsar.
Draugr means Ghost in Latin if I remember correctly
@@squiddiot5477 Draugr are undead creatures in Scandinavian folklore. They typically guard treasure in caves or barrows according to legends. Exspiravit is typically used for the term ghost in latin, there are a few others but draugr isn't a latin term. Apparently it means "friends" in Lithuanian though, so there's that
Cant remember who said it but there's a quote, "The universe is under no obligation to make sense to you."
Sean Lorenzen It was Neil Degrasse Tyson.
Iffat Zarif sweet thanks
4:19 ''Seriously, if you see a star about to blow up, just back away, very,very quickly.''
* takes notes *
lol
Lich, Draugr, Poltergeist and Phobetor, are NOT nicknames but formal names approved by the International Astronomical Union. This was a result of a process of public nomination and voting run by the IAU in 2014-15. The winning names were submitted by the Planetarium Südtirol Alto Adige of Italy. By the same process 51 Pegasi and 51 Pegasi b were named Helvetios and Dimidium (names submitted by the Astronomische Gesellschaft Luzern of Switzerland). As an item aimed at the public, I think you should give the names as well as the scientific designations.
Wow this is extremely interesting
The Exoplanets Channel YOU’RE Pretty interesting.
Interesting like "oh, someone else is talking about what we know" or interesting like "oh, we didn't know that"?
0:17 If the playback speed is at 0.25x, you will hear an amazing song.
Sounds of Silence?
Your attention to detail is hilarious 😂😂
Sounds like a Lich King trying to sing a happy song.
Hahaha! Nice. :)
It was polish astronomer professor Aleksander Wolszczan (read like "volsh-chan") and the finding was done in the Arecibo radio wave observatory in Puerto Rico. The observatory itself is a masterpiece of engineering and technology still after several decades.
Kind of surprising the host didn't mention that. It's OK to say "Swiss astronomers" but a Polish astronomer doesn't get through, somehow.
Adam Wrześniewski I live in Puerto Rico and I have visited the Arecibo Observatory a couple of times and it really is a masterpiece of engineering. Just how massive the thing is and how it works and the technology behind it(even after several decades) is just wonderful and kinda hard to comprehend but still a beautiful thing to appreciate.
xCRAZYGHOSTx - it's a great example how people can use their money and power to gain more knowledge, instead of fighting esch other. Hope i could visit this place one day.
hyperion303 I was born and raised in Poland and when i was in school the teachers didnt even mention a word about professor Wolszczan. First info i found about this amazing person was in a book "Entering Space" by Robert Zubrin. Professor A. Wolszczan is one of the most underrated scientists i think. When he was in the high school he constructed his own telescope of eyeglasses lenses. It is also amaxing how did he manage to get out of Poland and work fir the University of Pennsylvania during the comunists period.
Pulsar and magnetar stars are the most interesting objects in the universe. I wish we knew more about them!
The Minute you said the name of the pulsar I was thinking "how cool it would be if they named other pulsars after mythological undead like draugr, ghost, and vampire". I got a laugh when you named the planets orbiting Lich.
Universe is really weird. Everyday I still learn new and mindblowing stuff from space.
Bayu Pratama The Universe is lit AF. 🔥
It's so amazing how scientists are able not only to collect data about the universe at incredible precisions but also to detect the TINIEST fluctuations in those extremely precise data values -- and formulate solid hypotheses and glean valuable knowledge from interpreting the patterns!
Scientists be like, "Bro, you see that pulsar's output pattern shifted by 0.00000000001423% just now? Holy crap, that S.O.B. has exoplanets!"
Just one of many example's why I love science and its findings!
Lol. How many kids here have no idea why that "FF" effect sounds and looks like that?
...
...Way back in 1995, in a world of Windows 3.1, long before there was a Google, when Nintendo cartridges dominated the world, a few of us stopped cave painting just long enough to create the things we called VHS tapes.
These VHS tapes played videos when they are placed in VCR's (we really liked our uninteresting acronyms back then). This happened back when the only people making interesting "content" were multi million dollar corporations. Most VHS tapes were borrowed from a store. It's like Netflix you had to drive to. Unlike Netflix if you didn't get to the store early enough on Thursdays (the day new videos were released to the public by multi-million dollar corporations) you wouldn't get to watch the latest available title until next week.
When you placed one of these VHS tapes into a VCR you had to push a ⏩ button and a motor inside the VCR made the video play super fast. This looked like the digital effect used at the beginning of this video.
If you watched a VHS "video" until the end and forgot to hit the ⏪ button and wait 2-5 minutes, the rental store (cave-Netflix) charged you a fee.
Back when we were cavemen, the video rental store was like Facebook before FB started rigging elections. You would go to the store and walk around being judgemental and feeling judged based on what categories of videos you were interested in and what you chose to rent. It was the place to go for socially awkward encounters and to make people you barely know feel uncomfortable.
That was life.....back in 1995 when we were cavemen and women...
-Jake
Just to be clear, the fast forward and reverse buttons had two modes. When the VCR was stopped hitting ⏪ or ⏩ would run only the motor, moving the tape towards the beginning or the end. Doing this while the machine was playing would advance or reverse the recording several times normal speed while quieting (not quite fully muting) the sound and showing a distorted image that was just clear enough that you could hopefully see when you reached the point you wanted to watch.
Awesome. Thank god I'm young in 2018
Agustín Auditore, seeing some of you, it's a miracle you know how to breathe on your own.
hmmm, thats something my history teacher never covered lmfao jk i was born in 95.
tabaks whatever you say, generic human who thinks the generation after theirs are the worst
"Companion Star" would make a great Super Mario Maker level.
Finally, after over two decades someone is telling the truth again about WHAT exoplanets were discovered first, and WHEN it was done. Still, however, the name of the astronomer who discovered the first three exoplanets is kept away from the public. WHO was this person. And why no tell? I wonder...
I actually observed and studied this pulsar at the Arecibo Radio telescope... and with the astronomer who discovered it too! I'm so happy it's gotten some exposure :)
I love listening to this man talk
Surprised to find stuff around a Pulsar? It's almost as if it has the mass of a star, had been a star with stuff around it, had ejected material that would make new stars and planets and there are other things it might encounter and capture in space! :O
20km wides? That's absolutely insane!
It also quite interesting that Draugr is a gas giant let alone orbiting a pulsar so closely. This is quite unusual when it comes to gas giants
I know it’s not real but I’m waiting for a mass relay and Prothean ruins to be found.
Pack up your space-heater and head out to Charon :D
It's official; this comment section is too geeky for me.
What if it is real though? 🤔🤔🤔
MeowTheRainbowX you mean surface level?
+ReZisT Lust What do you mean by that?
Such badass names
Ι could litterally watch a 45 minute compilation video with all the different times you all described what a neutron star is.. and the same for black holes too..
also does that mean that those planets are full of heavy materials? since they was born from a dying star..
Wow I had no idea about this. All I knew was that the first exoplanet was found in 1995! Thanks!
Weird how tidal forces don't rip those planets apart. Yet it can disintegrate a star so precisely to leave the right amount of mass for planets to form. Unknown factor here perhaps?
Wow! i had now idea about this! You just expanded my mind!!!
That's the most interesting and brutal thing I have heard today
3:55 can anyone explain why being on a planet with a powerful magnetosphere is a bad thing? what would happen? what could we expect to see?
It all depends on how powerful a magnetosphere, but magnetic fields influence the shape of electron orbitals. When you think that chemical reactions (including those that we call "life") depend on the shape and size of those orbitals to work properly... and when they don't work properly life ceases, then the conclusion is pretty obvious.
Please talk about Pulsar Timing Arrays and NANOGrav. They use pulsars to detect long period gravitational waves! Super interesting stuff
You should have explained more on how those planets might have formed.
3:36
As in the Norse zombie?
Also I looked it up draugr is actually ‘psr b 1257+12 a’
Knowledge is power, you are a true deliver of beautiful truth... Thank you for existing!!!
I really enjoy this presenter's voice
All i heard was Litch. As in Adventure Time major villan. Wants to destroy all life. There is no life around that star
No. A lich is a mythical undead sorcerer. And existed loooong before AT.
procrastinator99 the litch existed before there was nothing, before there was something. The last scholar of Golb as well
I thought of the Litch from Gauntlet.
Lich king is the cool one.
Remanje Carter that's sooo deep
"First was a world 'round an old pulsar
That's true, but the news is a Sun-like star
with wobble too quick and precise to be designed"
- _Whole New Worlds: An Aladdin History of Exoplanets_ - A Capella Science
You guys should do a video where you explain how scientist name space objects (Stars, Pulsars, Galaxies etc...).
Because some of these names are just ''What the F''
Pulsar - Pulsating Quasar
Quasar - Quasi-stellar radio source
I think they generally follow the pattern of "a person or group of people make up a name or several different names and one of them sticks". Not really any more rigorous than the process by which people get nicknames.
I'm talking about names like idk RV12BCX-9b haha, it's a fake name but you get me
+bong jr a. ordaneza
Pulsar = pulsating _star_.
A quasar is an active galactic nucleus, not a star. Probably caused by huge accretion disks around even huger galactic black holes - things on a scale way beyond any star.
Generally the name has to do with the telescope or observatory that discovered it, the type of object it is, and sometimes the general location relative to constellations or galaxies that are better known, and with the numbers it could be something like "Hubble telescope's 133rd found high-frequency pulsar in the andromeda galaxy"
Every Skyrim nerd just became a space nerd.
So the surface of Lich is going roughly 25% the speed of light, assuming its 20 km Diameter and 6.22 ms is the speed of a full rotation.
I don't know how you get to 25% c (~75,000 km/sec): the circumference is ~62.8 km, and if 6.22 ms is the speed of a full rotation that's a bit more than 10,000 km/sec. Still very fast, but only about 3% of c.
(BTW, it could be half as much if by chance the observation angle is such that we see both radiation beams for each revolution - but then the frequency would vary even just with different observation times/places).
That's my favourite star now. A Lich accompanied by draugr and poltergeist.
And an ancient Greek nightmare.
Disregard my earlier post, if you saw it. I thought supernova fallback disks and ablated companion stars were the most favored methods of pulsar planet formation, but my information was dated. Here's another citation you might want to include in the comments: www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2017/12/aa31102-17.pdf
3:35 Draugr? Skyrim?
Draugr is just a term for what is essentially a Zombie in Norway and Iceland. Skyrim just took the word because.
Skyrim took the word because it's based on a lot of Viking mythology.
Draugr is zombie, and the draugrs in skyrim are... well, zombies. They literally come out of their coffins.
Oblivion rules tho.
Matt Spedicy
Draugr are restless undead in Norse mythology. Norse is the term describing the language group and culture of the people inhabiting the coastal regions of the Baltic sea, and Atlantic coast of the Scandinavian peninsula. Today the Norse language has evolved and separated into Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Icelandic and Faroese, along with a bunch of dialects that border on being their own languages, like Elfdaleian and dalecarlian. The Vikings were Norse pirates, mercenaries and conquers, meaning that Viking was an occupation, not a people.
+hamstsorkxxor That is a massive, if highly understandable, oversimplification of both 'Norse' and 'viking'.
Planets born around a dying star. Some may say forged by a dying star. I would have named them Mjolnir, Jarnbjorn, and Stormbreaker
SciShow Space.
Keeping a finger on the pulsar of the cosmos sincw 2014.
I never heard for these planets before. Well I am going to start up SE and see if I can find them for a closer look.
Yep, they are there. Awesome!
A pulsar named Lich. Awesome. XD
The interesting thing about one pulse of a Pulsar star is that it will disintegrate a human body. Its radiation is extremely dangerous.
does that mean that neutron stars and pulsars are the same thing? The only difference being the axle facing somewhat towards earth or not?
I knew that 'cause I heard it on Weekly Space Hangout today?
Neutron and pulsars stars are Scarry!!
*DONT MESS WITH THEM!*
The story is even more complicated, as an extrasolar planet around the normal star Gamma Cephei announced in 1988 by Canadian astronomers has been confirmed to be real.
Keep up the great videos
It's 1995 And now that I'm older, stress weighs on my shoulders.
Damn, I really thought it was a field of daisies!
Are they always near the edge, or outside a galaxy?
Nothing much around them?
Many years from now, will pulsars and neutron stars eventually become spinning float balls of neutrons when they cool off and radiate off their energy??
I wouldn't call a pulsar a "dying star" - if anything they're undead vampire stars that are practically immortal!
Always knew this and thought it was more common knowledge but its still awesome ironically I was just bringing this up on a Reddit sub with respect to exotic star systems :D
I know this beforehand, the planets are all tomb worlds
QUESTION:
Ok, electrons crushed together with the atomic nuclei would have a neutral charge. That makes sense. What does not make sense is how proton + electron = neutron.
A neutron = 2 down quarks + 1 up quark.
Does neutron star material have a net neutral charge but isn't truely made of neutrons? We just say it is neutrons for simplicity sake?
Are electrons lost and and the quarks in the protons and neutrons forced to recombine into only the triplets for neutrons not any protons?
Is there actually conversion of one type of fundemental particle into another?
What is really going on?
Imagine what it would look like to be standing on the surface of poltergeist looking at the pulser
Interesting
Wait. 51 Pegasi B isn't the first expoplanet found by human? Do you mean it was these 3 planets around pulsar??
51 Pegasi B is the first exoplanet found orbiting a main sequence star. There were earlier observations (late 1980s, IIRC) of another planet orbiting a main sequence star, but I think they were only confirmed in the early 2000s. PSR 1257B+12 B and C are the first exoplanets discovered orbiting "any" star.
Question: If the space-time between us and the pulsar is expanding, shouldn't this mean that the time in which we perceive the light of the pulsar increases proportionally to the expansion of space? Since it pulses at regular times
Space-time on a "local" scale (i.e. our cluster of galaxies) isn't expanding at any noticeable rate - gravity is still prevalent.
Pulsars are a bit scary because of their rotation speed and density. You wouldn't want to get near one.
Could that star that gets sucked up by the neutron star, form a taurus massive enough to restart fusion?
Long ago, in a solar system far, far away..............EXOPLANET WARS!
These Names Man I Swear 😓
Awesome 👍
It's weird that I'm starting to recognize the names to some of these celestial body's. That scares me lol the ones that are just numbers.
The first time an exoplanet was discovered was in the 1960’s when average everyday people claimed to have come face to face with beings from other planets.
Cool names
Im waiting for the day we find King Kai's planet.
+SciShow Space
What about HD 114762 b that was discoverd in 1989?
love that name Poltergeist =)
THEY NAMED THE PLANETS AFTER UNDEAD MONSTERS!! WIN!!!!
If you want to help find Exoplanets there are several citizen science projects out there. One of which I am a part of on Eve Online. I've got a few videos on my channel.
Half as close as earth is to the sun* Not twice as close. I was just thinking it would be a paradox to be twice as close or double a distance added to itself but be shorter or "Closer". Anybody else kinda get what I'm saying?
Is it possible to have planet systems without stars? Maybe then there are far more planets in the universe, maybe the 4 lightyears to Proxima Centauri could be filled with such systems?
Lich and Draugr, LOL. Can the next one be named Eddie?
Shame, You didn't mention WHO actually made the discovery (team led by a polish astrophysycist/radioastronomer Aleksander Wolszczan)
So when a star goes supernova, it generates huge quantities of r-process elements. If these planets formed from the cloud of gas and debris of that supernova, could these planets be made largely of heavy elements like gold, mercury, and uranium? I wonder what heavy metal planets would be like...
When Thanos punches a star , it explodes into supernova , then the avengers are crushed into neutrons
I wonder if our planets are an anomaly to aliens, just like some planets are like that to us
*Alien Neil DeGrasse Tyson:*
"As you may know, most Systems have a Gas Giant or two in the middle or closest to the star, with a Terrestrial Planet somewhere in there if you're lucky. But IQM-193445018 (Our Solar System) has not one, not two, but FOUR Gas Giants! And ALL of them are orbiting further from the Host Star than the Terrestrial Planets. AND THERE ARE FOUR TERRESTRIAL PLANETS AS WELL! This system challenges every Planetary Formation Model we have..."
One of those terrestrial planets, IQM-193445018-c, is in just the right position around it's star to host liquid water. Who knows, maybe strange creatures evolved there too, and are looking up into their night sky right back at us!
maxwell simon are you an alien? Because when I search it on google, nothing shows up 👀
IvettaB I think he was parodyng, you know, humanity
I was continuing the parody of alien Neil DeGrasse Tyson.
HOW??
Where these planets confirmed using the Kepler satellite?
So, the first exoplanets discovered were two "Super-Earths" and our Moon's twin
What's the difference between a Neutron Star and a Pulsar?
A pulsar is a fast spinning neutron star with an active EM field emitting beams of radiation that are detected(able) from Earth.
So, what would happen to a human on thtose planets withnthe magnetic fields etc?
And what would happen right in the beam of a pulsar? In Stargate Universe they depicted that like immediately getting burned to ashes but what would really happen in such intense gamma, radio and other radiation?
What’s the difference between a Pulsar and a Magnetar? And can the latter support planets too? Finally is it theoretically possible for life to develop on planets in such strange solar systems?
A magnetar is a neutron start with a strong magnetic field in addition to the electrical field. It's not clear whether this is a phase in the evolution of pulsars or whether magnetars happen due to specific conditions during the formation of the neutron star.
If the mechanism of formation of the planets is that suggested in the video, I don't see why planets wouldn't be able to form around a magnetar in the same way, and in the same way they would be very likely sterile: the EM fields are of such intensity that they would play havoc with organic chemistry (then again, I'm not an astrophysicist or a biologist!)
What would the chance of an accretion disc forming around a normal Star like ours or even a much larger one that hasn't yet burned through all is fuel yet?
Around "a star like ours" zero, since it's not a binary/ternary system. Mass transfers between members of multiple-star systems are relatively common, but I think detecting an accretion disk (if it forms!) around a normally luminous star would be a difficult feat. Theoretically it's possible that the disk forms: arxiv.org/abs/1504.04144
Oh My God...its the Litch King!!!!
I miss u hanks
The m in millisecond isn't capitalized otherwise it's megaseconds!!! (The s isn't either otherwise it's siemens)
Please make a episode on the star hopper pleasssssssse
an elder Lich? heh...
so are all neutron stars pulsars if you look at them from the right direction?
Not necessarily. It is thought that pulsars (and magnetars) "switch off" after a period of several tens of millions of years, as they slow down. If that is true, most neutron stars that once were pulsars no longer are active.
hmm ok but they all start out as pulsars then? bcus they all get shrunk loads as they form so they must all be spinning super fast at the start
and also you could have two neutron stars thatve stopped pulsaring that merge and start again? like that ligo detection of neutron stars merging mightve made a new pulsar. oh or would that make the new one slower bcus it got bigger ugh I cant work it out
We don't know for certain if all NS start out as pulsars; apart from the spinning, the EM field from the parent star has to collapse in a certain way; it's likely that they all do emit pulses for some time, but we don't know. All NS will spin very fast because they will all have collapsed to a tiny diameter from a much larger pre-collapse diameter rotating star.
The object resulting from the merger of two NS will almost certainly be a black hole; the LIGO detection pointed at a "temporary" larger NS held in existence by super-fast rotation but that collapsed into a black hole very quickly. Theoretically it could even have an angular moment of precisely zero, if the two components have an exactly opposite angular rotation, thus no rotation at all.
I would assume planets can’t orbit a pulsar just because the supernova would destroy them all
Pardon my ignorance
Does a neutron star have a half life? Or do they exist forever?
What force makes a pulsar keep rotating? Original merger with companion star and frictionless vacuum of space? Or some gravitational mechanical repetitive process inside the core? Maybe the ''gravity bands'' cross and snap back, putting energy back into the rotation. Just like stored energy in a rubber band. Or maybe the beams of electromagnetic radiation is like high pressure water leaving a water hose. Making the hose move. Hmmmmmmmmmmmm
TweakAthang, well, radiation does create thrust. Just look at the Voyagers. They have been pushed off course by their radiothermal generators
TweakAthang pulsars they keep rotating for a while due to inertia. Most pulsars slow down over time due to radiation carrying energy out of the system. I say "most" since some pulsars are in binary systems where angular momentum exchange through accretion can occur, which can increase the angular momentum of the pulsar (and therefore its rotation rate)
Conservation of momentum.
The original pre-supernova star had huge angular momentum not least because of its huge radius, and momentum is (roughly speaking) proportional to the square of that radius but only directly proportional to angular speed. Some momentum is lost because it is transferred to the explosion ejecta, but since the radius for the core mass decreases by a factor of ~300 (assuming iron core diameter of ~6000 km and neutron star diameter of ~20 km), angular speed of the core has to increase by a factor of ~90,000 without considering any residual momentum transferred from infalling material.
Would magnetic metals be ripped out of the orbiting planets by the star's strong magnetic field?
Mr. neutron star I don't feel so good
there, I did it