WATER CHEMISTRY FOR BREWING (adding beer salts to homebrew)
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- Опубліковано 4 лип 2024
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1:55 BEER SALTS
4:06 CITY WATER
7:20 RO WATER
9:00 DISTILLED WATER
11:00 BREWERS FRIEND
Braj! Love the new vid, the enthusiasm, and making this material accessible to people. Biochem PhD student here and I think I can offer some unprompted clarity that no one asked for.
There are a few terms I think you mixed up in the early part of the video but its really not the end of the world: When you're talking abut positive and negative elements you mean positive and negative ions. What differentiates elements from one another is the number of protons they have (also elements can be different isotopes based on how many neutrons they have). Protons and neutrons hang out in an atom's nucleus and electrons surround the nucleus. Atoms start out at a neutral charge, having the same number of protons and electrons, but some elements either want more electrons or want to ditch their electrons based on other chemistry mumbo jumbo that's not that important right now. Once atoms obtain a charge (either by gaining electrons, becoming negative, or losing electrons, becoming positive) we call them ions. The plus or minus next to the element's symbol refer to the charge on the ion. These ions are very soluble in water and a salt is just an inorganic (meaning it lacks carbons) ionic compound, made up of a balance of positive and negative charges, that is dry and not dissolved in water. Think of Na+ and Cl- making table salt, NaCl, or Ca2+ and SO4 2- making up gypsum, CaSO4.
I'm pretty sure RO filters take advantage of the presence of these charges to hold onto/hold back the ions while pushing through (relatively) pure water. To get closer to pure you would need "deionized" water, which has the ions removed and is something we use in the lab, but for brewing this is waaaaay overkill and would be prohibitively expensive (you need special equipment to obtain it). Even distilled water isn't totally pure and you can look up water reports for different companies online that have all the dissolved solids listed. Using it still probably is the best/most cost effective was to get the closest reasonable thing to pure water and definitely makes sense if your seeing weird stuff with your seltzer. From parts of the country where drinking water mostly comes from reservoirs that collect rainwater runoff and is treated at plants, the water is pretty soft. Hard water is generally common where municipalities get their drinking water from underground aquifers. So if you're in the middle of the country you're dealing with hard water and if it rains a lot where you're at you might have soft water. Tap water does often have chlorine or chloramine which can be a real problem, but I just heat my strike water with a crushed campden tablet and hope for the best. Haven't been burned yet! Your point about picking stuff up in the old pipes on the way from the plant, however, is a great one, and now I'm really curious about what's in mine! Also, John and Mike, local NE boys from the youtube channel Brew Dudes, have some great insight on water chem.
Now with the boring stuff out of the way: I don't know as much as I'd like to about the biochemistry of the enzymes in the mash, but it makes a lot of sense to me that they would be most efficient if they have an optimal concentration of certain ions, notably calcium and magnesium ions, in solution, since these are very common cofactors necessary for the function of plenty of enzymes. Picking optimal salt concentrations goes hand in hand with selecting an optimal mash temp and pH: the enzymes work best over specific ranges of all of these things and what we pick allows the variety of enzymes in the mash to function well and convert the starch to sweet wort. It's crazy to think how much we know about it now and still brajs thousands of years before us at least mostly figured out how to make it work.
Aite essay over, keep spreading the way of the braj. Lmk if you ever want a second set of eyes on chemistry scripts so you don't have to deal with nerds like me in the comments lol
edit: weird formatting
This was an awesome comment. Educational and respectful. You two would make a good duo. Best of luck with the thesis and the defence!
We live in Olympia, home to many artesian well sites. All of our brewing water comes from Well #56, the same water once used for Olympia Beer. We add a teaspoon of gypsum and that's it. Why mess with it? In Florida, I could smell the drinking water.
Nice to see you maintaining Homebrew especially for us staying at home! MBC!!
Great Value spring water works pretty good across the board.
I have watched SO MANY videos on water chemistry and this was the only one I found that showed a step by step on how to figure out how much of each beer salt to add. Thanks for making it! I’m subscribing!!!
Yessssssss thank you!!!! I have been looking forever for a water salts video that explains it. Instead of just waving big words around. YOU DA MANNNNNNNNNNNNNN
glad it worked out cheers damion!
ive watched a hundred water vids and this is by far the most entertaining. Thanks for the knowledge
Dude!!! This is awesome. Perhaps the best 19:00 beer video I’ve watched. I’ve been trying to wrap me little brain around this. Excellent explanation. Thanks for the time and hard work you’ve been doing. Love the content!!
thx for the kind words J Hirsh! Cheers Braj!
I have just did my first brew today and somehow found your channel. Great content and amazing format, keep it up dude :)
Thanks for this! This is exactly what I've been looking for. Props to you for putting this together.
Oh, and I'm biased for FF6 because I have way more man hours in it, but both are terrific games.
Lol yeah two great snes gems
Thanks CH, very informative, I’m gonna run with this and see what happens. Keep the videos coming. Keeps me inspired to try new things.
You got it Adrian! Cheers and happy new years braj!
My homebrew shop sells salt mixes for like 2-3 bucks per 5 gal batch. They have 9 different mixes for different styles. Time to mix my own salts.
Just what the people wanted!!! Good stuff buddy, always coming through clutch.
thx for always showing love tom!
@@HOMEBREW4LIFE of course man, I'll support any way I can. Keep it up braj!
I’ve been brewing for 30 years and I love how you approached the most complicated aspect of beer, the water. Well done! Yes, you could get a degree in this and work on just water at a major brewery. I don’t think you scared away any beginners. Cheers!
Cheers braj!
This definitely gave me some insight. I’ll be brewing a 1 gallon all grain batch and kegging it using brewers friend
Thanks Braj!
Cheers Joe!
Water sounds like it’s the silent player in great beer! Thanks for the info. Definitely will be stepping up my chemistry skills for 2021.🍻🍻🍻
❤️🍺❤️🍺
when i started homebrewing.. this channel was my Mecca. Cheers bro!
thx for watching Kadogun!
Great video! I switched back to tap water from grabbing distilled so I don't have to go to the store every time I want to brew / take up shelf space with gallon water jugs. Now I use an RV hose (food safe), an rv filter on the end, and some campden tablets to take out the chlorine. Adjust for my profile and so far it's been pretty great!
Awesome feedback cheers Justin!
Top notch video Braj
Thx max, cheers braj!
I like your videos - you make everything so simple braj
Great video! New to extract brewing and gobbling up knowledge and I enjoy your layman’s approach to brewing.
Subscribed!
Cheers joe braj!
New year, and this is exactly what i needed up upgrade my homebew EXP. Water Chemistry +10, THANKS CH
Cheers Cary!
Great info on water !
Thanks for the excellent tutorial.
cheers
Great video, you make it easy and fun. looking forward to the next one.
Cheers Jamie thx braj!
Just picked up an Anvil 10.5 system w/ pump! Thanks for all the info braj. I was looking forward to this video, perfect timing! Cheers!
Cheers, JD! happy new year braj!
was so excited hearing about this on the brajcast
Thanks for being there last night!
great video!
Thank you for the really clear video! Makes this all seem very approachable. Carlsbad is great!
Cheers Brian!
Thanks for making this video CH. Informative video! Cheers!
Thx for watching this video Steve!
Thanks for coming down from the mountain!! The beer goggles are “on” and I’m ready to swim in RO water !!
Good video man. I've been getting into water chemistry recently but still have so much to learn. Over in London our tap water is super super hard, good for dark beers and not much else. For my most recent IPA brew, I used BeerSmith and a local water report to calculate a blend of tap water and the bottled mineral water from a local shop (super soft) to get a water profile with a 1:1 ratio. Just needed 1 gram each of gypsum and calcium chloride. Blending saved me money on water, I needed to add less salts, and saved me the effort of carrying an extra 5 litres back from the local shop.
I don't know what the point of this comment was, other than blending water made me feel like an alchemist.
Thx for watching Jon! cheers braj!
Thehun, digging deep! Love it
#NEVERFORGET
Pure Genius!
New brew today - using distilled water for the first time, but don't have a ton of beer salts on hand, so I mashed with my tap water (wicked hard) and sparged with distilled water. Ended up getting dang near perfect the water chemistry I wanted. Probably gonna go this route for the near future until I get more acquainted with all the brewing salts.
Welcome to the new year bra braj
Same to you braj!
CH blinded me with science! This is an awesome video, super easy to understand!
happy new year brusho!
Snap, crackle, and braj! Needed all this info!! Cheers
distilled water if it's easily available braj. I know it's like $40 in the UK or something. Anyways thx for watching my braj!
Super informative and helpful video, would love to see a video on yeast washing from a finished fermentation, Cheers Braj!
I'll write that idea on the board, cheers braj!
Awesome! I’m ditching city water and heading to distilled.
Same! cheers JG
Sick video dude
cheers Emmett!
Havent even watched this and I'm liking it. Been wondering about for a little bit
Worth it
thx beau cheers!
Awesome video again dude! The best homebrew channel on UA-cam by far. Thanks for putting these out. You've helped me out a lot.
PS FF6 and Chrono Trigger too close to call man.
Thanks for the love! chrono trigger >
Great video, thanks
thx cheers Joey!
brilliant Thanks!!
Cheers Joe!
Braj, your beard was magnificent!!!
intro is still my favorite of the youtube channels I follow
thx DP, cheers braj!
It is very much true that beer salts have been tied to beer styles. The first recorded attempts at brewers in Europe trying to replicate an English ale are adding salts (most often gypsum) to approximate Burton England water. I've tended to follow the Dublin target for stouts...which thought has been that increasing bicarbonate levels help with keeping astringency at bay. Dang UA-cam: have great external link about European water chemistry....but won't keep my post if I do try to link.
Dude you helped me so much.
I use 100% distilled water and have been trying to figure out how to build my water chemistry since March’s lock down. You made Brewersfriend understandable. Could you put salt additions for basic beer styles (Wheat, IPA, NEIPA, Amber, Porter, Stout) building from 100% distilled water somewhere - NO ONE has done this (I have search online and in books) for 100% distilled /RO water and it seems so simple. You did it for 3 types of beer style in the video- THANKS!!
3:34 umm reading material studies !!😏 Ohh your too much !!! Lol
Now we’re talkin!!
siiiiiick video braj!! keep it up!! 🍻🤘
Thx Enzo!
Braj, I use well water and have never looked far into the profile....however I just picked up the Lamont water test kit and not sure if that was necessary but it came with a decent ph meter. Thoughts on well water.
Nice job! Learned a lot here
send some rum!
Send some “olive oil” 😉
This video was worth the wait. I usually use Brewers friend so this is perfect for me. HB4L gold right here. Just to throw in my two cents. If you want ro water at home a saltwater filter system is the way to go. Not too expensive but its slow. Just pipe it to a large cooler or a Brute trash barrel with a lid. Put a float valve inside. you get anywhere from 25 to 200 gallons per day depending on the system. Get the electronic ppm meter. I got mine at bulk reef supply. Thanks Braj.
solid feedback thx Rhino!
BRAJ, Best Brew Videos!
Cheers MW braj!
Breaking Braj.
feliz neuvo ano branjed
@@HOMEBREW4LIFE Feliz año nuevo mi amigo, excellent video BTW, cheers
Good video. Brewing with tap water is a kook move. Word. This inspired me to move to distilled water ... using Brewer's Friend calculators and keep' it simple. Cheers.
much love, cheers JB!
I thank you
Cheers Fizz!
Great video. Full disclosure though, I started paying more attention to Zelda behind you. Kidding! Thanks for what you guys do!
Glad you enjoyed it!
So how many grams would you do for a NEIPA? Would you just reverse the amount of gypsum and calcium chloride? 3g gypsum and 6g calcium chloride?
Turkey Jizz! LMAO!! 9:34
always enjoy your videos man! perfect balance of entertainment and education, i’m from monterey CA , we should brew together sometime brotha 🤙🏽💯
Cheers braj!
What a legend
thx for watching Damion, cheers braj!
By far the funniest dam thing I have heard all day.... "Turkey Juice!" LMAO! :)
Cheers Johnny!
Dude this video is so fucking dope and now what dude at the home brew store was talking about makes wayyyyy more sense. Thank you! Lol
Thanks for watching braj!
@@HOMEBREW4LIFE Question, I am a novice extract brewer - Should you add the desired salts to the water when steeping grain, during the boil... Neither?
Your can find most of this elsewhere, but it wouldn't be NEARLY as entertaining! Vids lookin' good CH, great info, keep it comin'!
much love Fenchurch Marie! Thank you for the kind words. Have a great weekend!
About to reference this is the “Water” Episode on my Learn To Brew series. Loving the in-depth talk, Start calling you “Braj Palmer”. Smashed the Link Video like everyone watching this should!
The way i see it, to make it the easiest, just go with distilled water and search beer styles water profiles and just go off that
Braj Palmer... I think John would approve. :-)
I understand that those are the additions for strike /mash would you want to make any changes to the sparge water ?? thanks
no additions for the distilled sparge water
Awesome content and channel, learning a lot from you. Keep up the great work! So what you are saying is, if I use the calculations you suggested with distilled water and style of beers you used for examples, these totals could be used in my own brewing with distilled water. In other words I could use these same weights? If using distilled water?
yes. Distilled water is your blank canvas and you build up from there
@@HOMEBREW4LIFE I did get the water chemistry from the spring water I got already. Report is a little dated at 4-2020. Would you suggest me trying to work up a profile for what I have or just go with the spring water without additives. For my first brew. Going to get distilled next time.
I have well water. I haven’t had an assay ran on my water but the most noticeable thing in the water is iron (toilet/shower/sink stained red). Tastes great tho, pipes are good. Just getting into home brew, putting together a 10 gal brew house. ‘preciate the content braj.
i mean in a general sense, if it tastes good... its going to work for beer / cooking. Cheers Cam!
So do u start with all zeros when using “Glacier” RO water????
What's your thoughts on the blue labs ph reader?
Hell yeah!
Thanks for watching Eric!
ChronoTrigger no question!
nice catch keith!
So glad I brew with Seattle water. No need to start with distilled its so soft. Get your calcium chloride at a pool store
Hell yeah jim!
I use a pro one water filter for all of my beer water.🍻
duly noted!
Your intro feels like I’m waiting longer for the show to start than a joe rogan podcast
Cheers!
Great stuff. Can you talk about 5.2 stabilizer? I know that its sold as a quick fix but Im not convinced its effective or even useful. Im new to water chemistry and it can be complicated but thanks for the great content delivered as only you can do. Cheers.
I can tell you to never use it. It’s complete crap.
Yah. It sucks. It doesn't do what it says and it adds crappy flavor. Gave up on that stuff 10 years ago.
Thehun was the ultimate throwback
100%
This is great. What would you recommend for a Hazy Ipa with the West Coast profile as a starting point? I guess you'd need less SO.
I'm confused are you going for a hazy or a west coast ipa?
@@HOMEBREW4LIFE Sorry, I should have worded that better. I meant how would a Hazy Ipa differ from the West Coast water profile you were showing. Thanks
With a west coast IPA you want a higher sulfate to chloride ratio (4:1) to accentuate the hops, but with a hazy IPA you want more of a round profile and softer mouthfeel so you use a higher chloride to sulfate ratio (2:1).
15:13 - How do you know Chalk is going to fix the HCO3?
I missed what kind of software you're using. I made a coffee cream ale and it tatse funny I definitely blame my water. It's not bad just an off taste.
What me do a video a free awesome homebrew video software?
Is R/O water usually zero across the board too ?
I'm multiple beers in on my SAT night and I'm totally Brajin! I have to pee...
all you have to do is believe!
Do you use distilled water even if you don’t do water chemistry. I use well water. My well water tastes great
Use whatever tastes great!
Usually use me some RO water, but if I get lazy, straight from the tap for a bit of slightly above health standards lead / arsenic well water. After this, I'm going to try to distill some water (only about 20 hours on the trusty moonshine machine). Looking forward to upping my game. And also not dying of arsenic or lead poisoning.
yeah james in short, if it tastes good, it's gonna work. Some people are going to have different water options than others, and at the end of the day you gotta work with what you got
Love your blog and I didn't know you lived in New York? And drink of water while talking on the show that's bad dude
we actually live in San Diego, just using NY as a reference. Cheers Peter!
For using a carbon filter, should you use your city's water report still?
yes different beer styles have different water profiles
Any recommendations for a salts "kit" that contains all the base additives to get going?
Sorry but ive never heard of a salt kit
Amazon has one for 12 bucks but I bough extra Gypsom cause I luv IPA’s. CH Thanks for the 6/3/2. I’d rather rate my belch than think water!
Do you ever add anything to your sparge water? Do you still use distilled water for sparge water?
distilled for sparge as well, and i add all beer salts to the strike water
@@HOMEBREW4LIFE do you only enter/use the strike water volume for your calculations on what to add? Or the full estimated water use?
So those totals in grams is the total you add to the 7 gals?
that is correct. Keep it in grams. I have no clue what 1.456432 tbsp's even means lol
today im going to learn how to make better tasting beer while drinking shitty cheap beer. a buzz is a buzz baby. thanks for the video and looking forward to what all you have in store for 2021. thanks guys for your continued hard work.
Thank you for still watching Matt! Cheers braj!
A salt is a metal + a nonmetal. Sodium(metal) Chloride(nonmetal) which is NaCl which is table salt. Sea salt. Salty salt.
Buy your own RO filter (with TDS meter if you’re feeling fancy), save the single-use plastic over buying distilled.
Chrono Trigger by far braj
Where do you guys buy your additives?
online. Cheers!
Probably the most boring subject on brewing....you found a way to condense it down and make it enjoyable. Great video, Cheers!!!!
thanks for watching braj!