I grew up in north shore Massachusetts and I’ve always been so fascinated with the native history, but it is so incredibly difficult to find information like this! Thank you!
So glad to have a chance to offer this and be part of the change. Thanks to both of you. I am a tribal member, but it was also tough for me to find anything accurate about my people and our neighbors in school or in smaller libraries. So much false info out there. That's why this video was made.
The Indian Wars.:Pts 1.+2..very informative.Covers a lot.!!'Would recomend.As growing up in New Zealand.We Have Moari.Aotearoa.is there Word For Our Country.Means ;'LAND OF LONG WHITE CLOUD'..Beautiful.Culture.Tomorow Is 'WAITANGI' Day.a public Holiday From a Treaty Many Feel was Not Hounoured.Being a small pop'Country..its simply somthing I/We never got Taught in School.or even talked about in 60/70s N.Z.!Love Learning Anything of The American Indian.Such A Beautufil.Culture.Very ❤breaking.too !BUT HAVE TO LEARN AS MUCH TRUTH.AS I CAN.So Thanks To All Who Know of The Injustice.wrought on Peaceful (Mostly)Kind Sharing People .❤ that can be taught now.😢😊
@@sasachiminesh1204 oh, gee. Maybe if you could, idk, find artifacts and items in the ground that told the story of your people and your ancestry. But wait, that’s right, you won’t accept archaeological finds bc they’re “immoral”… makes _TOTAL_ sense.
As a resident of Western MA, with all of the sites you describe in the Connecticut River Valley all no less than 30 miles of me, I have to admit that I've never heard of them. I'm both saddened and grateful for your efforts.
Respect. Only had time to scratch the surface - there are more amazing sites than i could tell. Just this year, a second Archaic site in Northampton was destroyed - right by the bridge. 10,000+ years old, unique site with crescent stone projectile points. Last year, the paved over a site 8.5 K years old nearby. Preservation is better out West.
@@sasachiminesh1204 I've driven over the Coolidge bridge at least 10K times in the last 20 years, living here and driving rideshare, knowing of and witnessing its recent construction and before reading your reply, was completely clueless that a history so rich and ancient lay underneath and that this degree of historical erasure continues. Much respect and appreciation for your knowledge and willingness to share.
Your in my thoughts Freind.Im down right Sickened by Watching.Eps 1.2.of.The first Arrival in New england Of the Whites..Mass murder.atrocities..on The peace loving happy to welcome +Share.?!They Stupid english.Always Took too much.To grow more Tobbacco.more profit.Sickening Very hard but have to learn truth..lol.❤
Massachusetts means rolling hills, which describes the land very well, born in Boston in 1960 I've always felt it's their land, but I'm also a proud American who's grateful for the freedoms I have because of the revolution in the late 1700',s. Where I grew up many street names are Indian names, so I've always had a great respect for the indigenous people.🙏
💜🌲🐬....... I'm humbly grateful for this lesson. My heart aches ... Very heavy hearted... We've experienced this painfull history and divided for centuries. We are ☝ 🌎... From this Massachusetts resident who was brought here from Angola Africa ... With Unconditional Love...🌴🌳🌵🌲🐍🐺🐢🙅🐎🐴🐣🐣🐣🐣🐣🐣🐣 🐋🐳🐳🐳🐳🐳 Water is Life.
Being from Lowell, I always found the indigenous fascinating and wanted to know more about them. So many hints around town about those times but no straight answers.. thank you for this history lesson!
It's very interesting but many parts of it were hard to understand because the audio was terrible... I used to own and live on property in Hampden Mass , near the Wilbraham Town border... It was on a Ridgeline.. just behind the wilbraham mountains... I had an old Indian Field behind my property and not far from that at the edge of the field and in the woods was an large ancient Indian burial ground going back thousands of years. There was several mounds.. I kept it's exact location secret because I didn't want it disturbed by archaeologist or treasure hunters.... Just down the road about half a mile away along the same ridge they found the remains of an entire Indian village while digging basement holes for a building development.. archaeologist got in there and took everything and brought it to the Springfield museum... There is also a well documented soapstone quarry used by the Indians which was near the new village found.. I believe it was one of only two sites in Massachusetts that quarried soapstone, the other being in Westfield..
In Grafton, Mass. there remains 3 1/2 Acres that contains Land that was never taken from the Nipmuc Indians of the Area. It contains a Cave that Natives lived in going back at least 6,000 years. Somehow, the British granted them their own land by " Deed " and Anglos never encroached upon this site.
Also, the entire south half of Northfield, MA was never deeded over to Colonists. Maguonket is unceded land. Mashpee, Aquinnah and some other lands in MA are also unceded Indigenous land.
@@sasachiminesh1204 Thank you for the response. Is Maguonket where the three fires meeting area is of Northfield, Ma? Anglo history is very limited. Read Major General Gookin's remaining accounts on the King Philip War, but I imagine there is much not available. Federal Census of 2010 claim 37,000 Native Americans currently live in Massachusetts. Amazing, how Land for all Natives were never ceded to the Anglos, but just confiscated. On record: 200 acres in Grafton were purchased to preserve the Original Praying Town on Keith Hill for 2.1 million dollars from the Robinson Family.by the Town. Oh well.
Been living along the CT river next to springfield and hartford my entire life. always wanted to learn the history of this area. Thanks for the great content
Thank you for this beautiful presentation - such wealth of history of the First Nations, a history of which we learned virtually nothing in schools. (Maybe it’s better today; my educ was 1949-65.) Part of my genome traces to Plymouth, my earliest roots in the New World. So my Mass roots are considered ancient among us newcomers. Yet what’s 400 years but a minim of time, scarcely a drop.
I go to Barton cove on the ct. river in 'Gill' mass at least once a year..theres alot of history of tribes in that area going way back...i can see why..the place is beautiful !
Original name of Barton Cove is Mantahelas and is the home of a water manitou :) We have a mural on the Native legacy of the vallet at Unity Park near there, by Great Falls.
There’s a golf course in Ossipee NH called Indian Mound and there is a mounded area next to one of the golf holes in a relatively flat area all around it, someone told me years ago that it’s an Indian burial site, should be checked out and preserved if it is.
This information needs to be mandatory in history courses - grade school on up. I hope to see your whole series, this first being excellent and very informative. I also hope you publishing these histories, as well. Yes, I just subscribed.
Hope one day things will be taught the right way. Thank you, Relative. Have been working on publications - many others also publishing great research. Soon to get Episode 2 off the ground - welcome your suggestions and comments.
@@sasachiminesh1204 As to the videos, I have no suggestions, as you ARE the professor here. This one was excellent and well presented, fit for any classroom, as well as for a general audience. I would, though, suggest sending a copy to the Smithsonian, accompanied by a write-up for the Smithsonian Magazine. Also, try standard journals, such as the American Historical Review. My field is philosophy, so I do not have that great a familiarity with publications in that field. I'd be happy to give whatever you write a second/academic eye.
I live in Berkshire county and my job has me drive the entire county. I can confidently say this is one of the most beautiful places in the world and I’m lucky to live here. I’ve always took it for granted. I feel drawn to learn bushcraft and to explore this beautiful place then head to the Adirondack’s
Great video, thanks a lot for sharing. There are so many great details and references I keep coming back to For me it is a very sad history that is hard to learn about. This video doesnt shy away from bur it also reiterates the incredible perserverance and strength of the people who have lived here for so many millenia. The narrator is such a great example of that. Thanks for sharing and for all you do. Sincereky, Greg Smith
I've known, but it's so hard to get anybody to acknowledge or teach it. I was taught about it very young I had a good teacher. Later in the years I learned more through Glica. This is a much-needed video. It needs to be shown and taught in school so that people know where roots actually began. thank you for making this video we need to get it out in the open more than on just UA-cam but in the schools in the historical vendors.
A Connecticut river valley culture in vermont made artifacts from white quartz. Tools and carvings even weapons of quartz. I wonder if they traded them up and down the valley.
I've been to Giant Beaver a few times! This channel is great! I have a small amount of Massachusett in my family & I want to learn all I can about them!
This is a wonderful gift of history. Thank You for all your work and research for the people you recognize. The Wangunks were also a Connecticut tribe, largely forgotten and nearly fully gone. These are important histories to remember.
Thank you. Long live the Wangunk, Podunk Massaco, Tunxis, Paugusset, all our cousins. Society for Connecticut Archaeology did an article on recovering Wangunk history last year, 2107. Have you seen that? American Society for Ethnohisotry seeks to fix this problem, too. We recently formed Massachusetts Ethical Archaeology Society, where ethics, human rights, and respect for self-narrative are prioritized, New generation of Native researchers are carrying the task forward. Natokok Tidewater Language Poject channel is another place you might want to check out if you haven't seen her work. Niawenkowa, Miigwetch, Taubotne and Thanks, Nitomp
I did not know any of this. Thank You for sharing so much information with me. I will watch and read everything you listed here. How great it is that the Wangunk will be prioritized! I didn't expect any of this when I watched your movie, and didn't expect even a reply when I commented to you. Thank You!
No problem, Friend. Here's another resource: Institute for American Indian Studies, Washington, CT - they do a lot of work on recovery of history and culture Connecticut nations. Aquene
Am working on Part 2. There's so much to tell, will have to make several parts to cover everything. Hope to have it done in a few weeks. A much more experienced archaeologist is reviewing my work for me - a real big favor. Check out Dr. Curtiss Hoffman's book "Stone Prayers of the Eastern Seaboard" - it's about Native sacred stone prayer places. Thanks for watching. Please stay tuned.
Pre-Clovis Indigenous in the West : Around 1:00 and 2:00 - Please note Pre-Clovis migrations route 20,000 years ago on maps and Monte Verde site at 15,000 years ago, later on, Meadowcroft Rockshelter at 14,000 years ago. There are dozens of other Pre-Clovis sites across North and South America. Some may be as old as 40,000 years. There may even have been humans in southern California as long as 130,000 years ago. Dr. Paulette Steeves, an Indigenous archaeologist, wrote Indigenous Paleolithic in the Western Hemisphere. Recommended.
Please allow me to point out that Massachusett means "at the small place on the large hill," as confirmed by the tribal linguist of the Mashpee Wampanoag, Jesse Little Bird. Massa= great, wachu/achu/waciw = hill/mountain, (w)issett = a locative diminutive suffix (indicates a small place, which is each case is a village).
I have a question when my nana passed away in 2007 we found out we had some Native American in us which we had no idea of we didn't even know our great grand parent's names then my mothers first cousin did a family tree and we find out our family was one of the founding families of Nantucket and also our great great great etc was Wampanoag and no name was given it just said squaw which I found out is a derogatory term for a female Native woman i'd love to find out more about her and also my ancestors unfortunately when the English came and wiped out the native populations with strategic genocide using false friendships, disease, and legalese the Natives had no idea what they were getting themselves into I understand if they didn't do what they did but what's one life worth to a whole people's culture. How would I go about possibly researching my family tree that the tribe would approve of and joining and going to pow wow's and also teaching my 3 year old son who has wampanoag on his mother's side so he has even more native in him than his mother or I. THANK YOU just found your channel amazing video will be watching more also could you do a video about myths like pukwudgies and other supernatural beings the Natives of New England believed in.
Contact the Aquinnah Wampanoag and ask for forms for genealogy research. They can look into their records and see if your family is connected. If you are not connected to a band that retained records, you will have to do a lot of your own work to chase down your family tree through documents. Sometimes you have to travel and look through history archives at small towns. Best wishes
A good step would be to write down your family tree. After that, i would contact the Aquinnah Wapanaag and request to have your lineage compared to tribal records - noting where your ancestors were. They may be able to tell you more if your family is linked to them. Not everyone is on any census, and almost no indigenous nations were completely 100% named on any census, so you may have to look further. However, there is a very good chance that Nantucket relatives would appear on tribal records. Best wishes on your journey of self-discovery. We can talk more about beliefs and traditions in time. Thanks, and as much as time will allow, i'll keep posting.
@@sasachiminesh1204 Really good advice. For everyone! I have recently began a family tree decending into my ancestry tree and heritages. You don't appreciate it until youre in your 30's.
My tribes are Lakota Secangu and Choctaw but I know way more about the Lakota side. My great grandmother went to the Haskell School for “Native American integration”. Hopefully you cover the Dakotas or the Rosebud Reservation.
I spent time at St. Francis, Pine Ridge and Rosebud when i was younger. Great people. But i feel Lakotah should be the ones to speak about Lakotah tradition, and i don't fully know those traditions. It would be great to hear from Rosebud about sacred places.
My husband's 8th grandfather was Chief Wampanoag. This is all very interesting and we do need to teach this more in the school for our young people. But so many of the older people have never heard much about this and really should understand it much better. They lived her so many more years before the White Colonists. Most of us are now mixed races, but they came through so much to get to this point. Knowing the truth is just good to know and understand so we can treat each other better and never allow things like this to happen again .
Most of us are NOT mixed. Just misclassified as negro. These are pictures of native Americans and pale face imposters, not INDIGENOUS American Indians. We never left! Your census only accounted for Indians living on the reservations. You call that a paper genocide. 🤦🏾♂️
My house was on deed built 1680, during teardown we found 2 dates of 1620. It was a bunker for the soldiers during the Pequot war, bloodiest in history (to my knowledge) I live near Massasoit state park, named for chief Massasoit. I think what the British did was wrong, And I wish that Massachusetts was populated by mostly native Americans and run by native Americans. My house goes back 3 generations in my family, And we've been contacted by other families who lived here and experienced tragedy. Near our barn we used to find many arrowheads, Regretfully I haven't seen one in many years but it may Inspire me to do some minor excavations I'm sure there are some left today. I found them all Throughout the 1980s, And of course they were Pounds by generations before me. Thank you for this.. I am now planning a trip to go see some of these sites I didn't even know about!! Very informative and interesting.
You can wish for what ever you like, but 400 years have passed and EVERYONE is changed! we cant move back, but if everyone is willing, we could move forward! wish some people would give up on the silly notion of 'giving back the land'! We are well past those times. I wish people realized that the Chinese are buying up lands in the US. is any one concerned about this?
I live approximately 20 mi north of you. I'm an amateur archaeologist in would love the chance of finding artifacts in your area. Let me know if you're interested?
What!? My grandpa showed me some places in the woods here, too. In the Berkshire county/New York border area. Our family has lived here since before the Stockbridge settlement. The weird thing is that our last name is Brazee.. it used to be Brasee. Like the guy with Burke. How ironic.
There are a fair number of schools that do teach more Native history than others. I've worked with some. Wapanaag is spelled and pronounced as in the video. The A's are said our way of saying long A, not like English.
I have been shunned and mocked since finding artifacts on my property while gardening as a young teen. I live in southern MA and the explantations fell short from authorities for stone bowls, two ax-shaped palm sized stones, and a few what I assumed would be tools of some sort... But those only matched objects from the paleolithic/clovis era.... I stopped trying to seek the truth because they told me that there were no natives here. The feeling that they were wrong has remained even 15 years later. My property was once part of a man made dam/pond that broke in the 1960s and was never repaired, and as trees have become uprooted over the years, more objects have surfaced. If there is a recommended and trusted source in the Blackstone Valley area that I could be put in contact with to reopen the exploration... with native members and perhaps donate the land back to as a cultural heritage food forest, work with, share, not for profit, but for spirit, it would be immensely appreciated.
There are definitely paleolithic sites in MA, many. Contact Aquinnah Wampanoag Cultural Resources, Mashpee Wampanoag, Herring Pond Wampanoag depending on which part of S MA you are in. You can also contact Massachusetts Ethical Archaeology Society at ethicarch@gmail.com.
the turners falls air port that is mention and the sight of prayer hill was on my grandparents property until the force sale of 70 acres by the airport in 1945, the air port want /will demolish this sight in 15 yrs according to the airport employe, there has been alot of damaged sights in the turners fall area of franklin county, part of the original mohawk trail goes thru my aunts property in Bernardston ,
Fantastic video. I live next to the Neponset River. I am looking for more information on the area and it's people. Can anyone point me in the right direction?
Thank You for asking. Actually working on that. It's a huge and complex ourstory. Have worked 3 years on a research report connected to this. Looks like will have to break down into 2 or 3 episodes. Shooting for next part by end of summer. If there is a particular part of this story you'd like to hear about in a short vid, please let me know and i'll cover that if i can.
@@sasachiminesh1204 There’s so much I would love to know! In episode 1, stone bowls were mentioned being made before pottery items. I am interested in learning more about the pottery made and how the skill was passed down to others. In addition, I am wondering how the Massachusetts tribes maintained or reintroduced pottery making and other crafts, especially as a result of children being taken away to be educated in boarding and other schools. I am currently researching this history. Thanks so much!
Why not both? why complain about colonizers if you are simply going to commit the same mistakes they did? is it revenge? If one is going to be revenge minded, then consider they got what they deserved! SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST! Darwin would be proud!
Nashaway Nipmuk, some of my ancestors, and Sokoki Wobanaki both historically occupied Squakeag, which is now Northfield. The Sanchemanak (leaders) who signed the land doc's for Northfield were all Nipmuk and Wobanaki. Squakheag was also written down as 'Skakeat,' which is the same word in different dialect as 'Skaket,' a place in Brewster, MA on the Cape. Both mean "place where the stream outlets" into a bigger water. Skake = "emptying out (literally), outlet" +at/et/ut/it = "place (where)."
why did the English colonists chose to name their colony using Indian names such as Massachusetts...after all, they considered the natives to be heathens. Since their life revolved around an extremely strict religion, it would seem to be inconsistent with their believes and be blasphemes ....
Good question. The Nipmuck, who are the people in central and west MA as far as the CT River, did have federal recognition as a nation, but Bush Jr took that away. Incredibly, one day you are a people, and the next you are not. Massachuseuk are completely deprived of land, and so nobody will recognize them. The feds removed hundreds of nations from officially recognized tribe lists from 1937-now, using various tactics to excuse this paper genocide. What do you think of the idea that a government can declare you a legit nation one day, then a few years later, just decide you do not exist?
And, yes, i do speak Nipmuc. I know a few people from powwow who speak Massachuseuw. There are a few hundred people who still speak Nipmuc. Eastern Algonquian languages really took a hard hit from genocide. Up north and west, many nations were more able to hang onto their languages and land, but they also had more genocide survivors and saw what happened east and were able to plan for the impact more. Hope that answers your questions. Thanks for asking! Aquène kah taubotne (Peace and thank you).
+pnoyeko Yes, he and the militia murdered over 300 women, children, and old folks in their wichiwans while they were sleeping. That's what they mean by 'surprised' and 'destroyed over 300 'Indians.'' The men were over the ridge to the west at that time. When the men saw the houses burning, they hurried back and Turner's men fled in retreat, who were almost all killed by the avenging fathers. Still, that guy has a town named after him right were the murders took place. There were several groups of Nipmuc and Pocumtuc gathered for the summer holy day in August, when Anogssue Kescuck touches both horizons. A Colonists named Reed tipped off the militia that there were multiple clans camping near Peskeompscut village, and that the men were not present. That's how it was. They did the same at Mystic, CT, where they burned a whole village of 'Pequot' alive in their houses before dawn, and shot the ones that fled. They tried just storming the village, but the resistance was too strong. Their written plan at Boston was to commit genocide. They planned it that way, and when the Pequot were too strong, they set their village on fire to make sure it went down as genocide, then spent about a year trying to hunt down the survivors, which invloved another attack on refugees as Sasqua (means swampy), where they slaughtered a couple hundred more.
You would like a copy of the transcript? I f i can find it you can have a copy free. Email to ethicarch@gmail.com. It may take a while, but our Secretary will help me get the file to you. You can also visit ethicarch.org to see other articles at Massachusetts Ethical Archaeology Society. Also Nohham Cachat on Academia.edu there are articles posted on similar subjects. There's more cool news and not-so-new to share: In the Yukon, back in the 80s, a M. Cinq-Mars found a site called Bluefish Caves where there are things like proto-horse jaws butchered by humans 24,000 years ago! In Cueva Chiquihuite in Zacatecas, MEx, there are artifacts going back maybe 25,000 years. They found fossil footprints of people in White Sands, NM 23,000+ years old. There is a Hailzuqv village 14,000 years old in Triquet Island off BC in Canada . Cactus Hill in VA has artiofacts going back almost 18,000 years.
It's part of our family history. Many of us also took refuge at Schaghticoke and at Odanak, Quebec. The converts in the Praying Towns were mostly sent to Deer Island concentration camp, in Boston Harbor, where many were left to starve before repatriation. Ethnohistory published an entire issue last year on the history of Indigenous enslavement in the Western Hemisphere. Maybe that is of interest?
Nux, yes - you are so right. World Indigenous People's Day is today August 9th. Please join us in celebrating and come together as 375 million Indigenous People the world over are culturally and physically endangered.check out World Indigenous People's Day on Amherst Media. Peace.
i apologize for the sound. changed dos systems and could not apply video/sound mixing software i had. packaged software with new system is inferior and had to learn how to get better sound off new system.
I don't know anything about time when I did not live in kindergarten not that that's a language you can make up whatever language you like and don't tell nobody did you hear that can you wash your hands and keep your face clean when you say nothing can you tell anybody
Kind of difficult to follow. Narrative begins each sentence with a raised voice and ending each in an almost inaudible whisper....seems each sentence is spoken to lull the listener to sleep, only to be jolted awake with the first word of following sentence. In the time it took to put this comment together I have gotten thoroughly annoyed with it. Comment finished and so to listening to this mess.
Yes the audio quality is terrible and the narrator's voice drifts away towards the end of every paragraph.. a professional narrator would make this video much more enjoyable and easier to understand..
@@karaDee2363 He sounds JUST like the narrators i remember from my early school days in the 1970's! Perhaps that was a style then, because of the audio technology? Now that we are spoiled by digital technology, we can hear more natural speaking styles. I wish people could be MORE respectful to people who devote a lot of time, energy and EXPENSE to record these things that we all enjoy . . . FOR FREE! Maybe we all could donate the money he would need to rerecord & repost it?
That's the ugly politics of identity and tribal enrollment. But being Indigenous is about family and heritage, not politics and legalisms. Stay Red, Nitomp. Stay proud, stay strong. Aquene.
@@rherchenreder Are you SURE its just bad government? i thought the biggest complaint of minorities is that White Europeans usurp their claims, pose as imposters then take the privileges that werent due to them? in fact this is our complaint about illegal aliens NOT going through the legal process! so, unless you have some real examples, i would refrain from assuming that the governments intentions are bad by design. I simply assumed they were trying to help maintain the purity, and not allow the English, irish, german, French etc white people to claim indigenous status based on a minimal of blood quantum. in fact isnt this the accusation laid at those who run the Mohegan Sun casino? that they are whites posing as indigenous in order to have a casino?
I grew up in north shore Massachusetts and I’ve always been so fascinated with the native history, but it is so incredibly difficult to find information like this! Thank you!
Me to sweetie
So glad to have a chance to offer this and be part of the change. Thanks to both of you. I am a tribal member, but it was also tough for me to find anything accurate about my people and our neighbors in school or in smaller libraries. So much false info out there. That's why this video was made.
The Indian Wars.:Pts 1.+2..very informative.Covers a lot.!!'Would recomend.As growing up in New Zealand.We Have Moari.Aotearoa.is there Word For Our Country.Means ;'LAND OF LONG WHITE CLOUD'..Beautiful.Culture.Tomorow Is 'WAITANGI' Day.a public Holiday From a Treaty Many Feel was Not Hounoured.Being a small pop'Country..its simply somthing I/We never got Taught in School.or even talked about in 60/70s N.Z.!Love Learning Anything of The American Indian.Such A Beautufil.Culture.Very ❤breaking.too !BUT HAVE TO LEARN AS MUCH TRUTH.AS I CAN.So Thanks To All Who Know of The Injustice.wrought on Peaceful (Mostly)Kind Sharing People .❤ that can be taught now.😢😊
@@sasachiminesh1204 oh, gee. Maybe if you could, idk, find artifacts and items in the ground that told the story of your people and your ancestry. But wait, that’s right, you won’t accept archaeological finds bc they’re “immoral”… makes _TOTAL_ sense.
As a resident of Western MA, with all of the sites you describe in the Connecticut River Valley all no less than 30 miles of me, I have to admit that I've never heard of them. I'm both saddened and grateful for your efforts.
Respect. Only had time to scratch the surface - there are more amazing sites than i could tell. Just this year, a second Archaic site in Northampton was destroyed - right by the bridge. 10,000+ years old, unique site with crescent stone projectile points. Last year, the paved over a site 8.5 K years old nearby. Preservation is better out West.
@@sasachiminesh1204 I've driven over the Coolidge bridge at least 10K times in the last 20 years, living here and driving rideshare, knowing of and witnessing its recent construction and before reading your reply, was completely clueless that a history so rich and ancient lay underneath and that this degree of historical erasure continues. Much respect and appreciation for your knowledge and willingness to share.
@@sasachiminesh1204 that’s horrible
Your in my thoughts Freind.Im down right Sickened by Watching.Eps 1.2.of.The first Arrival in New england Of the Whites..Mass murder.atrocities..on The peace loving happy to welcome +Share.?!They Stupid english.Always Took too much.To grow more Tobbacco.more profit.Sickening Very hard but have to learn truth..lol.❤
Massachusetts means rolling hills, which describes the land very well, born in Boston in 1960 I've always felt it's their land, but I'm also a proud American who's grateful for the freedoms I have because of the revolution in the late 1700',s. Where I grew up many street names are Indian names, so I've always had a great respect for the indigenous people.🙏
💜🌲🐬....... I'm humbly grateful for this lesson. My heart aches ... Very heavy hearted... We've experienced this painfull history and divided for centuries. We are ☝ 🌎... From this Massachusetts resident who was brought here from Angola Africa ...
With Unconditional Love...🌴🌳🌵🌲🐍🐺🐢🙅🐎🐴🐣🐣🐣🐣🐣🐣🐣
🐋🐳🐳🐳🐳🐳 Water is Life.
i hear you and thank you, Relative.
Being from Lowell, I always found the indigenous fascinating and wanted to know more about them. So many hints around town about those times but no straight answers.. thank you for this history lesson!
It's very interesting but many parts of it were hard to understand because the audio was terrible...
I used to own and live on property in Hampden Mass , near the Wilbraham Town border... It was on a Ridgeline.. just behind the wilbraham mountains... I had an old Indian Field behind my property and not far from that at the edge of the field and in the woods was an large ancient Indian burial ground going back thousands of years. There was several mounds.. I kept it's exact location secret because I didn't want it disturbed by archaeologist or treasure hunters.... Just down the road about half a mile away along the same ridge they found the remains of an entire Indian village while digging basement holes for a building development.. archaeologist got in there and took everything and brought it to the Springfield museum... There is also a well documented soapstone quarry used by the Indians which was near the new village found.. I believe it was one of only two sites in Massachusetts that quarried soapstone, the other being in Westfield..
In Grafton, Mass. there remains 3 1/2 Acres that contains Land that was never taken from the Nipmuc Indians of the Area. It contains a Cave that Natives lived in going back at least 6,000 years. Somehow, the British granted them their own land by " Deed " and Anglos never encroached upon this site.
Also, the entire south half of Northfield, MA was never deeded over to Colonists. Maguonket is unceded land. Mashpee, Aquinnah and some other lands in MA are also unceded Indigenous land.
@@sasachiminesh1204 Thank you for the response. Is Maguonket where the three fires meeting area is of Northfield, Ma? Anglo history is very limited. Read Major General Gookin's remaining accounts on the King Philip War, but I imagine there is much not available. Federal Census of 2010 claim 37,000 Native Americans currently live in Massachusetts. Amazing, how Land for all Natives were never ceded to the Anglos, but just confiscated. On record: 200 acres in Grafton were purchased to preserve the Original Praying Town on Keith Hill for 2.1 million dollars from the Robinson Family.by the Town. Oh well.
Been living along the CT river next to springfield and hartford my entire life. always wanted to learn the history of this area. Thanks for the great content
Thank you for this beautiful presentation - such wealth of history of the First Nations, a history of which we learned virtually nothing in schools. (Maybe it’s better today; my educ was 1949-65.) Part of my genome traces to Plymouth, my earliest roots in the New World. So my Mass roots are considered ancient among us newcomers. Yet what’s 400 years but a minim of time, scarcely a drop.
I go to Barton cove on the ct. river in 'Gill' mass at least once a year..theres alot of history of tribes in that area going way back...i can see why..the place is beautiful !
Original name of Barton Cove is Mantahelas and is the home of a water manitou :) We have a mural on the Native legacy of the vallet at Unity Park near there, by Great Falls.
There’s a golf course in Ossipee NH called Indian Mound and there is a mounded area next to one of the golf holes in a relatively flat area all around it, someone told me years ago that it’s an Indian burial site, should be checked out and preserved if it is.
This information needs to be mandatory in history courses - grade school on up. I hope to see your whole series, this first being excellent and very informative. I also hope you publishing these histories, as well. Yes, I just subscribed.
Hope one day things will be taught the right way. Thank you, Relative. Have been working on publications - many others also publishing great research. Soon to get Episode 2 off the ground - welcome your suggestions and comments.
@@sasachiminesh1204 As to the videos, I have no suggestions, as you ARE the professor here. This one was excellent and well presented, fit for any classroom, as well as for a general audience. I would, though, suggest sending a copy to the Smithsonian, accompanied by a write-up for the Smithsonian Magazine. Also, try standard journals, such as the American Historical Review. My field is philosophy, so I do not have that great a familiarity with publications in that field. I'd be happy to give whatever you write a second/academic eye.
welp they just banned it to be taught in some schools
Much love from Massachusetts. RonnieBlueeyes
Coo channel wish it was still active
I live in Berkshire county and my job has me drive the entire county. I can confidently say this is one of the most beautiful places in the world and I’m lucky to live here. I’ve always took it for granted. I feel drawn to learn bushcraft and to explore this beautiful place then head to the Adirondack’s
Back around 1968, I found a stone arrowhead in my parents' backyard in Lynnfield, MA!
Great video, thanks a lot for sharing. There are so many great details and references I keep coming back to For me it is a very sad history that is hard to learn about. This video doesnt shy away from bur it also reiterates the incredible perserverance and strength of the people who have lived here for so many millenia. The narrator is such a great example of that. Thanks for sharing and for all you do. Sincereky, Greg Smith
thank you for understanding us and for honoring this effort.
Fascinating. I had not idea there was so much going on so long ago in America.
I've known, but it's so hard to get anybody to acknowledge or teach it. I was taught about it very young I had a good teacher. Later in the years I learned more through Glica. This is a much-needed video. It needs to be shown and taught in school so that people know where roots actually began. thank you for making this video we need to get it out in the open more than on just UA-cam but in the schools in the historical vendors.
A Connecticut river valley culture in vermont made artifacts from white quartz. Tools and carvings even weapons of quartz. I wonder if they traded them up and down the valley.
Interesting!
I live in Rutland, Naquag area I understand that the Nashaway were also part of the Nipmuc. This is excellent to find information on them.
Yes, I'm part Nashaue. Quaboag, Quinnebessit and Wabaquassit are family also.
“By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty.”
AGAWAM SKYLINE
Song about AGAWAM.
One of the best videos ever, and I've been on Safari. Respect.
Weird usage of a Simpsons quote.
Well done and thank you.
I've been to Giant Beaver a few times!
This channel is great!
I have a small amount of Massachusett in my family & I want to learn all I can about them!
Thank you Sir, well done.
This is a wonderful gift of history. Thank You for all your work and research for the people you recognize. The Wangunks were also a Connecticut tribe, largely forgotten and nearly fully gone. These are important histories to remember.
Thank you. Long live the Wangunk, Podunk Massaco, Tunxis, Paugusset, all our cousins. Society for Connecticut Archaeology did an article on recovering Wangunk history last year, 2107. Have you seen that? American Society for Ethnohisotry seeks to fix this problem, too. We recently formed Massachusetts Ethical Archaeology Society, where ethics, human rights, and respect for self-narrative are prioritized, New generation of Native researchers are carrying the task forward. Natokok Tidewater Language Poject channel is another place you might want to check out if you haven't seen her work. Niawenkowa, Miigwetch, Taubotne and Thanks, Nitomp
I did not know any of this. Thank You for sharing so much information with me. I will watch and read everything you listed here. How great it is that the Wangunk will be prioritized! I didn't expect any of this when I watched your movie, and didn't expect even a reply when I commented to you. Thank You!
No problem, Friend. Here's another resource: Institute for American Indian Studies, Washington, CT - they do a lot of work on recovery of history and culture Connecticut nations. Aquene
I live less than 2 miles from the first site described. The indicated areas have an ethereal feel despite the modern roads and structures.
This is very helpful is there a part 2?
Am working on Part 2. There's so much to tell, will have to make several parts to cover everything. Hope to have it done in a few weeks. A much more experienced archaeologist is reviewing my work for me - a real big favor. Check out Dr. Curtiss Hoffman's book "Stone Prayers of the Eastern Seaboard" - it's about Native sacred stone prayer places. Thanks for watching. Please stay tuned.
@@sasachiminesh1204 yeah it's very well done I appreciate all your hard work!
Pre-Clovis Indigenous in the West : Around 1:00 and 2:00 - Please note Pre-Clovis migrations route 20,000 years ago on maps and Monte Verde site at 15,000 years ago, later on, Meadowcroft Rockshelter at 14,000 years ago. There are dozens of other Pre-Clovis sites across North and South America. Some may be as old as 40,000 years. There may even have been humans in southern California as long as 130,000 years ago. Dr. Paulette Steeves, an Indigenous archaeologist, wrote Indigenous Paleolithic in the Western Hemisphere. Recommended.
Nice video, well-described information.
Please allow me to point out that Massachusett means "at the small place on the large hill," as confirmed by the tribal linguist of the Mashpee Wampanoag, Jesse Little Bird. Massa= great, wachu/achu/waciw = hill/mountain, (w)issett = a locative diminutive suffix (indicates a small place, which is each case is a village).
Thank you for sharing 🖐️👩🏻🏫
I have a question when my nana passed away in 2007 we found out we had some Native American in us which we had no idea of we didn't even know our great grand parent's names then my mothers first cousin did a family tree and we find out our family was one of the founding families of Nantucket and also our great great great etc was Wampanoag and no name was given it just said squaw which I found out is a derogatory term for a female Native woman i'd love to find out more about her and also my ancestors unfortunately when the English came and wiped out the native populations with strategic genocide using false friendships, disease, and legalese the Natives had no idea what they were getting themselves into I understand if they didn't do what they did but what's one life worth to a whole people's culture. How would I go about possibly researching my family tree that the tribe would approve of and joining and going to pow wow's and also teaching my 3 year old son who has wampanoag on his mother's side so he has even more native in him than his mother or I. THANK YOU just found your channel amazing video will be watching more also could you do a video about myths like pukwudgies and other supernatural beings the Natives of New England believed in.
Contact the Aquinnah Wampanoag and ask for forms for genealogy research. They can look into their records and see if your family is connected. If you are not connected to a band that retained records, you will have to do a lot of your own work to chase down your family tree through documents. Sometimes you have to travel and look through history archives at small towns. Best wishes
A good step would be to write down your family tree. After that, i would contact the Aquinnah Wapanaag and request to have your lineage compared to tribal records - noting where your ancestors were. They may be able to tell you more if your family is linked to them. Not everyone is on any census, and almost no indigenous nations were completely 100% named on any census, so you may have to look further. However, there is a very good chance that Nantucket relatives would appear on tribal records. Best wishes on your journey of self-discovery. We can talk more about beliefs and traditions in time. Thanks, and as much as time will allow, i'll keep posting.
@@sasachiminesh1204 I would suggest DNA research, as well.
@@sasachiminesh1204 Really good advice. For everyone! I have recently began a family tree decending into my ancestry tree and heritages. You don't appreciate it until youre in your 30's.
We are still here . 2023
My tribes are Lakota Secangu and Choctaw but I know way more about the Lakota side. My great grandmother went to the Haskell School for “Native American integration”. Hopefully you cover the Dakotas or the Rosebud Reservation.
I spent time at St. Francis, Pine Ridge and Rosebud when i was younger. Great people. But i feel Lakotah should be the ones to speak about Lakotah tradition, and i don't fully know those traditions. It would be great to hear from Rosebud about sacred places.
@@sasachiminesh1204 This is true, I hadn’t seen the rest of your videos until after this comment. You’ve got a lot of cool stuff in there.
My husband's 8th grandfather was Chief Wampanoag. This is all very interesting and we do need to teach this more in the school for our young people. But so many of the older people have never heard much about this and really should understand it much better. They lived her so many more years before the White Colonists. Most of us are now mixed races, but they came through so much to get to this point. Knowing the truth is just good to know and understand so we can treat each other better and never allow things like this to happen again
.
@Badger Yes, a very unusual name. Cannot go wrong.
@Badger Danny
We do not still live in that area of course and his family have married many times over and into America.
Most of us are NOT mixed. Just misclassified as negro. These are pictures of native Americans and pale face imposters, not INDIGENOUS American Indians. We never left! Your census only accounted for Indians living on the reservations. You call that a paper genocide. 🤦🏾♂️
My house was on deed built 1680, during teardown we found 2 dates of 1620. It was a bunker for the soldiers during the Pequot war, bloodiest in history (to my knowledge) I live near Massasoit state park, named for chief Massasoit. I think what the British did was wrong, And I wish that Massachusetts was populated by mostly native Americans and run by native Americans. My house goes back 3 generations in my family, And we've been contacted by other families who lived here and experienced tragedy. Near our barn we used to find many arrowheads, Regretfully I haven't seen one in many years but it may Inspire me to do some minor excavations I'm sure there are some left today. I found them all Throughout the 1980s, And of course they were Pounds by generations before me. Thank you for this.. I am now planning a trip to go see some of these sites I didn't even know about!! Very informative and interesting.
You can wish for what ever you like, but 400 years have passed and EVERYONE is changed! we cant move back, but if everyone is willing, we could move forward! wish some people would give up on the silly notion of 'giving back the land'! We are well past those times. I wish people realized that the Chinese are buying up lands in the US. is any one concerned about this?
I live approximately 20 mi north of you. I'm an amateur archaeologist in would love the chance of finding artifacts in your area. Let me know if you're interested?
Thank you thank you thankyou
Glad to be of service. Happy to provide. Aquene, Nitomp.
What!? My grandpa showed me some places in the woods here, too. In the Berkshire county/New York border area. Our family has lived here since before the Stockbridge settlement. The weird thing is that our last name is Brazee.. it used to be Brasee. Like the guy with Burke. How ironic.
mashpee must be the only place that actually teaches its students in-depth about our native tribes
There are a fair number of schools that do teach more Native history than others. I've worked with some. Wapanaag is spelled and pronounced as in the video. The A's are said our way of saying long A, not like English.
I have been shunned and mocked since finding artifacts on my property while gardening as a young teen. I live in southern MA and the explantations fell short from authorities for stone bowls, two ax-shaped palm sized stones, and a few what I assumed would be tools of some sort... But those only matched objects from the paleolithic/clovis era.... I stopped trying to seek the truth because they told me that there were no natives here. The feeling that they were wrong has remained even 15 years later. My property was once part of a man made dam/pond that broke in the 1960s and was never repaired, and as trees have become uprooted over the years, more objects have surfaced. If there is a recommended and trusted source in the Blackstone Valley area that I could be put in contact with to reopen the exploration... with native members and perhaps donate the land back to as a cultural heritage food forest, work with, share, not for profit, but for spirit, it would be immensely appreciated.
There are definitely paleolithic sites in MA, many. Contact Aquinnah Wampanoag Cultural Resources, Mashpee Wampanoag, Herring Pond Wampanoag depending on which part of S MA you are in. You can also contact Massachusetts Ethical Archaeology Society at ethicarch@gmail.com.
Nice video the sound could be a little louder
Penobscot checking in
Been all over New England. Found bones in underground tunnels by Natives who were escaping sanitariums in Danvers
the turners falls air port that is mention and the sight of prayer hill was on my grandparents property until the force sale of 70 acres by the airport in 1945, the air port want /will demolish this sight in 15 yrs according to the airport employe, there has been alot of damaged sights in the turners fall area of franklin county, part of the original mohawk trail goes thru my aunts property in Bernardston ,
Fantastic video. I live next to the Neponset River. I am looking for more information on the area and it's people. Can anyone point me in the right direction?
I think the name of your river translates to Moon River.
@@nativestyle26 Neponset translates roughly to "over there, by the crossing"
Prayers to the natives
Will you ever make Episode 2?
Thank You for asking. Actually working on that. It's a huge and complex ourstory. Have worked 3 years on a research report connected to this. Looks like will have to break down into 2 or 3 episodes. Shooting for next part by end of summer. If there is a particular part of this story you'd like to hear about in a short vid, please let me know and i'll cover that if i can.
@@sasachiminesh1204 There’s so much I would love to know! In episode 1, stone bowls were mentioned being made before pottery items. I am interested in learning more about the pottery made and how the skill was passed down to others. In addition, I am wondering how the Massachusetts tribes maintained or reintroduced pottery making and other crafts, especially as a result of children being taken away to be educated in boarding and other schools. I am currently researching this history. Thanks so much!
Love from the cape!!
thanks! love back to you! shout out to the cape. reinterrment of Masassoit next weekend. taubotne kah kuwomonausuonk - aquene.
And why not shall we respect our lord God 🙏 for thy mercy oh God lord 🙏 🙌 💖 ❤ 💓 mercy for my heart crys for they not know better NOOO No father no
Volume too low !
How did the pawtuxet become wampanoag?
Would be nice if i could hear this video. Out!
This needs to be in history books not Columbus. Thank you
Why not both? why complain about colonizers if you are simply going to commit the same mistakes they did? is it revenge? If one is going to be revenge minded, then consider they got what they deserved! SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST! Darwin would be proud!
Do you know the name of the tribe from "Northfield" Massachusetts?
Nashaway Nipmuk, some of my ancestors, and Sokoki Wobanaki both historically occupied Squakeag, which is now Northfield. The Sanchemanak (leaders) who signed the land doc's for Northfield were all Nipmuk and Wobanaki. Squakheag was also written down as 'Skakeat,' which is the same word in different dialect as 'Skaket,' a place in Brewster, MA on the Cape. Both mean "place where the stream outlets" into a bigger water. Skake = "emptying out (literally), outlet" +at/et/ut/it = "place (where)."
@@sasachiminesh1204 Thank you so much!
why did the English colonists chose to name their colony using Indian names such as Massachusetts...after all, they considered the natives to be heathens. Since their life revolved around an extremely strict religion, it would seem to be inconsistent with their believes and be blasphemes ....
A double minded man is unstable in all his ways.
Guilt is one of the heaviest vibrations, spirits never die
@@carmensandiego6859 So no one has an answer?
American Indians did not practice any type of religion. That was a pale face theory. We are a spiritual people..
Why aren't the Massachusetts a federally recognized tribe? Do you speak your language still?
Good question. The Nipmuck, who are the people in central and west MA as far as the CT River, did have federal recognition as a nation, but Bush Jr took that away. Incredibly, one day you are a people, and the next you are not. Massachuseuk are completely deprived of land, and so nobody will recognize them. The feds removed hundreds of nations from officially recognized tribe lists from 1937-now, using various tactics to excuse this paper genocide. What do you think of the idea that a government can declare you a legit nation one day, then a few years later, just decide you do not exist?
And, yes, i do speak Nipmuc. I know a few people from powwow who speak Massachuseuw. There are a few hundred people who still speak Nipmuc. Eastern Algonquian languages really took a hard hit from genocide. Up north and west, many nations were more able to hang onto their languages and land, but they also had more genocide survivors and saw what happened east and were able to plan for the impact more. Hope that answers your questions. Thanks for asking! Aquène kah taubotne (Peace and thank you).
Reminds me of Palestine.
Shawn McCormick more like Armenia.
@@sasachiminesh1204 how come you look like a white man?
the thingy with wlliam turner that his troops killed in 1676...
+pnoyeko Yes, he and the militia murdered over 300 women, children, and old folks in their wichiwans while they were sleeping. That's what they mean by 'surprised' and 'destroyed over 300 'Indians.'' The men were over the ridge to the west at that time. When the men saw the houses burning, they hurried back and Turner's men fled in retreat, who were almost all killed by the avenging fathers. Still, that guy has a town named after him right were the murders took place. There were several groups of Nipmuc and Pocumtuc gathered for the summer holy day in August, when Anogssue Kescuck touches both horizons. A Colonists named Reed tipped off the militia that there were multiple clans camping near Peskeompscut village, and that the men were not present. That's how it was. They did the same at Mystic, CT, where they burned a whole village of 'Pequot' alive in their houses before dawn, and shot the ones that fled. They tried just storming the village, but the resistance was too strong. Their written plan at Boston was to commit genocide. They planned it that way, and when the Pequot were too strong, they set their village on fire to make sure it went down as genocide, then spent about a year trying to hunt down the survivors, which invloved another attack on refugees as Sasqua (means swampy), where they slaughtered a couple hundred more.
@@sasachiminesh1204 Wow! Unbelievable how brutish we can be!
Do you know when the picture of the Native family was taken
The family is Abenaki from Maine and the photo is probably from about 1910.
@@sasachiminesh1204 Thank You. Pictures tell much more of a story.
I think we were taught a bunch of this stuff, we just DONT PAY ATTENTION to the way the info is presented at that age maybe
Rich in detail and cultural nuance but the narrator is nearly somnolent needs to run around the block before recording :)
Is it possible to pay for acopy of this legend?
You would like a copy of the transcript? I f i can find it you can have a copy free. Email to ethicarch@gmail.com. It may take a while, but our Secretary will help me get the file to you. You can also visit ethicarch.org to see other articles at Massachusetts Ethical Archaeology Society. Also Nohham Cachat on Academia.edu there are articles posted on similar subjects. There's more cool news and not-so-new to share: In the Yukon, back in the 80s, a M. Cinq-Mars found a site called Bluefish Caves where there are things like proto-horse jaws butchered by humans 24,000 years ago! In Cueva Chiquihuite in Zacatecas, MEx, there are artifacts going back maybe 25,000 years. They found fossil footprints of people in White Sands, NM 23,000+ years old. There is a Hailzuqv village 14,000 years old in Triquet Island off BC in Canada . Cactus Hill in VA has artiofacts going back almost 18,000 years.
🧘🏾♀️🔥✍🏾❤
I really wanted to love this, but I fell asleep
Most New England natives were killed or sold into slavery. Chief metacom of the wampaonoag tribe was killed they sold his son an wife into slavery
It's part of our family history. Many of us also took refuge at Schaghticoke and at Odanak, Quebec. The converts in the Praying Towns were mostly sent to Deer Island concentration camp, in Boston Harbor, where many were left to starve before repatriation. Ethnohistory published an entire issue last year on the history of Indigenous enslavement in the Western Hemisphere. Maybe that is of interest?
I've always been fascinated by natives and there culture. But not much history on the new England tribes I noticed.
Need more tribal alliances
Nux, yes - you are so right. World Indigenous People's Day is today August 9th. Please join us in celebrating and come together as 375 million Indigenous People the world over are culturally and physically endangered.check out World Indigenous People's Day on Amherst Media. Peace.
You are right, Bro.
ua-cam.com/video/ipnBa50qntY/v-deo.html - World Indigenous People's Day. Peace.
I am from east Hampton mass and has quite a few Indian sites
Interesting video, pity the sound is poor.
i apologize for the sound. changed dos systems and could not apply video/sound mixing software i had. packaged software with new system is inferior and had to learn how to get better sound off new system.
@@sasachiminesh1204 Must be your computor my sound is just fine
Hmm
Hi
alamizo nid8bak,, chiga chiga
chowi wl8ma sure correct.. I have the land and am starting a Wabanki sanctuary in Maine,,find me on F.B.
how do we find you on facebook
I don't know anything about time when I did not live in kindergarten not that that's a language you can make up whatever language you like and don't tell nobody did you hear that can you wash your hands and keep your face clean when you say nothing can you tell anybody
cannot understand what you are trying to say.
Kind of difficult to follow. Narrative begins each sentence with a raised voice and ending each in an almost inaudible whisper....seems each sentence is spoken to lull the listener to sleep, only to be jolted awake with the first word of following sentence. In the time it took to put this comment together I have gotten thoroughly annoyed with it. Comment finished and so to listening to this mess.
Yes the audio quality is terrible and the narrator's voice drifts away towards the end of every paragraph.. a professional narrator would make this video much more enjoyable and easier to understand..
@@karaDee2363 He sounds JUST like the narrators i remember from my early school days in the 1970's! Perhaps that was a style then, because of the audio technology? Now that we are spoiled by digital technology, we can hear more natural speaking styles. I wish people could be MORE respectful to people who devote a lot of time, energy and EXPENSE to record these things that we all enjoy . . . FOR FREE! Maybe we all could donate the money he would need to rerecord & repost it?
My family are Wampanoag but my children won’t be registered Indians
That's the ugly politics of identity and tribal enrollment. But being Indigenous is about family and heritage, not politics and legalisms. Stay Red, Nitomp. Stay proud, stay strong. Aquene.
Sasachiminesh ok thank you
@@sasachiminesh1204 We have a bad central government but there are many good people here.
@Star Wars Nerd Why can't your children register as Wampanoag Indians?
@@rherchenreder Are you SURE its just bad government? i thought the biggest complaint of minorities is that White Europeans usurp their claims, pose as imposters then take the privileges that werent due to them? in fact this is our complaint about illegal aliens NOT going through the legal process! so, unless you have some real examples, i would refrain from assuming that the governments intentions are bad by design. I simply assumed they were trying to help maintain the purity, and not allow the English, irish, german, French etc white people to claim indigenous status based on a minimal of blood quantum. in fact isnt this the accusation laid at those who run the Mohegan Sun casino? that they are whites posing as indigenous in order to have a casino?
I cnt, I tried Listening to this man's voice but erking me. Hey I lasted till the 8:05 mark but I cnt anymore