Voices from the Deep with Dr. Michelle Fournet and Dr. Ellen Garland
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- Опубліковано 30 чер 2021
- Can whales help us understand aliens? On this episode, Neil deGrasse Tyson and comic co-host Chuck Nice explore how whales can help us understand animal language with marine biologist, Dr. Ellen Garland, and marine ecologist, Dr. Michelle Fournet. What are the whales saying to each other?
We talk about the new documentary film Fathom featuring our two scientists detailing their work on decoding the language of whales. Can they crack the code? Find out how starting small could help tackle a whale of a mystery. Why do whales talk to each other? Discover whale migration and how they navigate the seas without GPS. Can whales detect the difference in the gravitational tug of the Earth? Is there any way that Dr. Doolittle could be a documentary? Does figuring out how to talk to animals mean we should talk to them?
How does verbal communication work under water? Is there a better way to communicate? How do animals produce sound? Could we use whales as our first attempt to learn another species’ language or learn… an alien language? How do you decipher a phrase or a word? We explore sound frequency underwater and what a shame it is that we haven’t decoded any other animal’s language yet. Will there ever be a day when we can talk to animals?
How does ocean noise pollution impact whale communication? What’s the coolest means of communication in the animal kingdom? Do animals have the same language centers in their brains that we do? If we communicated with whales, wouldn’t it freak them out? We break down the goals of Garland and Fournet’s studies featured in Fathom and how they go about capturing these complex vocal displays. All that, plus, find out if there’s a possibility for the existence of mer-people and hear Chuck moan like Dory in Finding Nemo.
Thanks to our Patrons blufor, Timothy Dalby, Mick Mowchenko, Bobby Penney, Jason, Brian Wright, human_h, Michael Hewitt, Zach Hicks, and Hschrull1 for supporting us this week.
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Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up!
#StarTalk #NeildeGrasseTyson - Наука та технологія
We need a Cosmic Queries episode where Chuck asks all of HIS questions. I really mean it.
Chuck... is this just an alternative account you made?! 🤨
I second this
They should call this "Chuck to School"
I think it’s presumptuous for Chuck to think that the llama wants to talk to him in the first place. Love the show.
LOL
NIce
Hahahahaha
😂
Brilliant xD
The llama would probably spit in his face. They do that.
Crosses fingers for Chuck... YES. Neil, Chuck, and experts. The perfect formula 👌
This is the best StartTalk video/potcast I have seen so far and it happens is not about stars at all.
Another way to communicate underwater that the speakers in this video missed, is that some marine animals may be communicate is via light and color. There are many sea animals that emit light and some that can change their colors. For instance the octopus. From National Geographic: "The octopus can also change to gray, brown, pink, blue, or green to blend in with its surroundings. Octopuses may also change color as a way to communicate with other octopuses." (Google "octopus color").
In the blink of an eye, squid can change from sandy brown to vibrant red or ripple with bright metallic rainbows. Their color-changing abilities (and those of their fellow cephalopods, octopus and cuttlefish) are more sophisticated than any found in the animal kingdom. (Google "squid color").
@@davidevans3227They did talk about it, you just both missed it and it wasn't the main topic.
I think this is my favorite field of expertise you've brought on the show yet. More of these ocean people please!
Absolutely facinating subject. And the hypoteticals and "what if's" are hilarious xD Playing with absurd thoughts of "imagine if..." is so fun.
Amazing guests, very fascinating topic , and chuck is so funny lol. Thank you very much for this amazing show
Another brilliant episode of AquaTalk.
Fantastic episode! I have to specially bow to to Dr Fournet for the absolutely delightful approach to explaining the answers.
I wish we could have had more questions and full answers from the marine experts. They were interrupted so much that they hardly got the chance to fully expand on their answers. Dr. Garland basically threw in the towel and I can't blame her. Shout out to Dr. Fournet for keeping up and pushing her answers through. Good thing I watched the beautiful documentary.
Did anyone else notice how chuck got in trouble at 14:44 for being too on the nose about money and quickly changes his attitude 😂. Observe how they didn't show Neil's video during this time.
I enjoyed this episode, and would very much like to see a similar episode about primate communication.
IMHO Chuck should host and interview. He appears to be a very skilled entertainer and Neil could focus on talking Science.
Check out the. exoplanets channel
I think he has progressed and evolved tremendously and now is a truly engaging and vital part of the formula.
Ya you're right. You should really check out this channel StarTalk on UA-cam where he does exactly that. You might like it.
I love the show and watch almost every episode! Great stuff! Thanks! But I also have to comment, I think I speak for a lot of people by saying I enjoy Chuck's spontaneous questions. Why is it ok for Neil to go off on Star Wars tangents and Chuck can't ask a question? I understand that patreon customers' questions should be heard and I'm not arguing that, but wouldn't it be easier to just make the episodes a little longer and allow both instead of taking time complaining about Chuck asking questions and making it horribly awkward and slightly humiliating, you can even see it on the guest's faces, just saying.
Yes, I thought that was quite rude of Neil.
Agreed
Thank you for articulating exactly what I was thinking!
Chuck almost always slips a question in - I see his "anger" as general ribbing, which they always do to each other. It is funny. Just like Neil always gets on Chuck for saying that folks just send them money and how rude it is, but Chuck still does it. It´s a gag. These two are great together.
His show
The “ sleeping on the railroad track “ joke is probably the funniest thing I’ve heard on here
Time stamp?
naah it was the “everybody just shut up” 😂😂
I watched 90% episodes on audio mode and loved it. Then I saw the video and I am gonna watch again now.
Chuck made me lounging so much. Thank you very much Neil for explaining everything so easily.
Such a nice and funny conversation! Informative and lifts your mood! Thank you! 😊👍🏻
❤
One of my favorite recent episodes
You might also like the exoplanets channel
39:22 "Cardi Bee"
We love you Chuck
cuttlefish, octopus, and squid use color changes to signal each other in encounters. That's communication w/out sound.
Lol exactly what I was thinking. Hard to believe a marine biologist, or ecologist or whatever, would make that mistake.
Women do the same thing. If my wife turns red during a discussion, I know to back off😈
@Nic B They answered questions like at 15:03, "Do you think that intelligent life that lives beneath the surface could communicate using something else than sound?" The reply was, "It's really all about sound. I'd be really surprised if there was a different communication system." They weren't answering about just whales, and seem to be unaware of the results of research into communication by cephalopods, or at least nobody recalled it during the interview.
Wonderful topics and genuine experts on your show! Neil and Chuck you make a great pair.
i have to say that this is probably one of the best episodes
I legit enjoy every bit of this episode. So much fun
Michelle was very articulate
My mind is completely blown just shy of dropping me to the ground and the absolute wonder and fascinating beauty of learning this amazingly wonderful wonder of it all. The seemingly nearly universal drive to communicate to some purpose and end with others of their own species and our, as far as we know, unique drive to learn of the communications with other species. The depth (a dual meaning in light of the name of this episode) of the implications of our desire itself to research shines such light on our actual search for understanding other species. We truly are a species driven to know. For me, this is the intellectual wow of the search and of being alive. There is so much to learn and so little time. How I wish I had directed my life in another direction than the path I walked and wasted. If only I had know then what I believe myself to know now... To glimpse briefly into the beginning of believing to grasp the knowledge of knowing much I do not know and how gloriously fun and fulfilling it would be to pursue it. Oh, to have the moment of eternity to discuss it with you all. The joy of it I cannot grasp. It is beyond my comprehension. Peace and living the wonderl be with you!!!!!
i hope Michell and Ellen check these comments! this was one of my favorite episodes. but i also wanted to ask a question i hope they might could focus on...
i suffer from a disability from my Military service called "CAPD" and its a auditory processing disorder. this got me to thinking and wondering:
i understand the focus around the 30 min mark of this video, on making the sounds we back to the whales, but how do we know that the sounds we mimic are exactly correct for the ears of the whales to process correctly? in other words how do we know our sounds we send them are being "heard" properly?
thanks for all you guys do and thanks to @StarTalk for doing this interview!!! Neil and Chuck you both are amazing!!!!!!!
One of the best ever Neil!...bring more!
Due to covid restrictions please remain one fathom away from another individual.
Very cool episode guys. Chuck absolutely slayed me on this one. So funny.
i feel like chuck is becoming better and better with each episode
Always insighful and revealing, loved the conversation
@38:00 try turning the sound down. We usually cringe because the volume and frequency upset us physically.
Great viewing! Thanks Neil!
Has machine learning ever been used in whale song or elsewhere in the animal kingdom to decipher languages?
Back to back great episodes
Great conversation and subject matter- Just so interesting 👌🏽👍🏽
I didn't want this episode to end
Wish I was the 5th member of this chat - could talk about this for hours and hours I'm sure :)
❤️ the prime directive. Thanks for this segment.
I had blast! Great episode!!!
The beauty of the human race is that we are self-exterminating, the whales don't need to lift a fin.
Yo chuck was on fire this is one of the funniest ones yet!
if you fill the full gravitational force on earth I assume it's really hard to feel a slight change in it. but if you weight 0 on water and have the mass of a whale, maybe that small change in gravity force is noticeable.
Neil out here shooting down biological theories with physics.
And yet they communicate using a form of Gravitational Waves we can't detect...
You might like the exoplanets channel
@@RyanRamboer-sv3pm or your wrong nobody knows whose right or wrong. That's what Science is all about...
@@RyanRamboer-sv3pm Except that some science is thought to be concrete, then it turns out there are different rules at different levels, so it's not concrete at all. Like gravity.
Whales don't "weigh anything" in water, but a whale is not a single particle. Different parts of the whale and its cells have different densities. That's how you can go underwater and still tell which way is up. For example a cell with some sort of dense grain in it could stimulate a nerve a different amount based on local variations in gravity.
I hope they'll be back, this was fascinating
StarTalk and The Exoplanets Channel are my *_favourite channels_*
Well, one point for Neil, humans in cities can be pretty wild.
Bioluminescence.
On land and in the ocean.
Things glow.
Octopus and cuttlefish change their appearance to communicate as well as camouflage.
Love Doctor Neil Tyson. I saw the very first time Chuck was on the show with a number of other comedians, I guest it was to pick some and he was acting tough which drew me to notice him.
Electric signals can be used by water animals to communicate ie the elephant fish
Neil's voice is low frequency, but also high frequency in that he's always interrupting everyone.
Don’t forget about being condescending too
I agree, but he does add relevant insight most times. I mean, it is his pony and he leads it.
@@Pragma020 He’s incorrect a lot. I wrote about his Joe Rogan interview disaster. Spooky action at a distance was so wrong. Einstein not Newton. Quantum mechanics not gravity.. he’s terrible
They spend half the time making jokes and laughing and don't have enough time for the guests to speak.
@@Pragma020 He can do that by just posing the questions, I think.
Buoyancy would not necessarily negate an ability for a whale to “feel” gravity and to use it to navigate.
Sub Mariners feel gravity even when they are inside a neutrally buoyant craft - a submarine.
Perhaps whales have internals that can feel and interpret gravity in some way.
Pressure solves this. The deeper the greater the pressure.
How deep is league? This show is the very best. I love it so much.
I really can only watch these with just Chuck on them, its not the same with others
I really think that Chuck is not a comedian here, he's someone that actually add something to the conversation, even pulling some jokes here and there, he's just the exact opposite of Neil and what he needs to keep this going smoothly. Chuck is amazing ❤️
Check out the exoplanets channel
Chuck is way better than the fem wannabe comedians, so I vote for chuck or someone equally thoughtful and entertaining. Or big jiggly bits are always entertaining.
@@alexandermartin1837 What's this channel. Can you share the Link please.
Just amazing!!!
thanks for posting this interesting video subject... and I love your Carl Sagan quote
Long time watcher/listener, first time commenter. Dr. Tyson’s comment ~10:30 mark regarding whales ability to detect gravity differentials seems a bit short sighted, or should I say far sighted. It’s true that whales and most other marine/aquatic life are neutrally buoyant, but that’s from a macroscopic perspective when considering the whale as a whole within its natural environment of the ocean. If we look closer to the internal biology of the whale it may have evolved certain adaptations over time that allows it to discern variations in gravitational fields over the range in which it travels and utilize this for navigation. Now I’m not a marine biologist myself, so I don’t know if my postulation above is probable, I’m just saying it’s possible.
Our observations of physics in the universe are always influenced by the frame of reference from which we view it. Just as Newton’s equations fall apart in the presence of extreme gravity and Einstein’s theories can’t maintain when we get to the quantum scale, it’s all relative. :-)
"Talking to other species?"
Yes, that does always make me chuckle a a bit since we still have trouble talking to each other as humans - even after thousands of years... 😶
amazing topic
When you all contemplated animals communicating in water, you concluded sound is the most viable strategy. Yet the Elephant fish have complex and communicative conversations with each other via electro waves, we have studies of this. I was hoping someone would have brought this up, but if you havn’t looked into it. It is VERY interesting
Sorry Dr. Neil its 4 experts, after all each and everyone of you is an expert on different field.
I love that Chuck picked Ants for best interesting communicaters, that's my favorite too
Took the entire episode for Niel and Chuck to realize they aren't talking to the whales, just listening. XD
Chuck is the best
Horn players who can call that circular breathing, Doc Severnson was adept at this skill.
Chuck today was feeling like Einstein
8:30 F yeah Chuck! Lahaina Roads! I've been there too, so beautiful!!!!
Telepaths will often get a busy signal when trying to contact me :) Sometimes I'm just thinking, sometimes working on a physical task.
This is soooo excellent....our whale brethren (:
Chuck needs be on every star talk
Yo. This was a great episode
I think a large part of whale song is the same as bird song. I sing, therefore I am. Birds have been anthropomorphized as singing because they are happy, and maybe whales do some of that (The Whale Who Wanted To Sing at the Met, in Make Mine Music), but birds are really establishing territory and attracting mates. Mocking birds go so far as to imitate the territorial songs of other species to further isolate their own territory. I wonder if some of these shared whale sounds are made for mocking bird reasons, and if the humpback heavy metal sounds are territorial.
Would you please explain the Diepold Repeller and the Stavely Attractor?
@StarTalk. Hey Neil!!!! Mind making a video discussing the just released movie "The Tomorrow War" and their movie logic on Time Travel?
I’m afraid my learning is becoming conditioned to Chuck Nice being present! lol, like if you’re the same.
I thought I was the only one 😀
Chuck busting with the genius. "We would be the arrival."
It could be the sound whales produce are either to locate food, and/or to detect magnetic field interference/strength to navigate, or to find a mate. The higher and lower pitches could be relative to distances they desire to throw their voices. It makes sense that whales can detect eachothers mass/pressure each produces just like whales are attracted to ships, perceiving them as other whales, but recognise the distinct difference between the sound of a ships engines compared to that a whale naturally produces, perhaps drawn to the magnetic field or resonance rather than the pressure of the water displacement.
Beautiful stuff.
Neil: Sound, Structure, Geometry, Uni Codes.
Multi Phasic Platonic Solid Lazer Matrixes Etc
Source Code Frequency
Chuck wins best joke! Falling asleep with your head on the train track.
I love Neil, Chuck, and StarTalk. This may be the most awkward “discussion” ever. The guests are very invested and are giving factual and enthusiastic answers. Meanwhile Chuck and even Neil are just cracking jokes. Literally the whole time. Especially that mermaid comment at the end. - You could tell that made her uncomfortable. It made me uncomfortable.
Could you imagine if someone who probably consider a hero and worlds best scientist said that to you. These individuals have dedicated their life to this study.
I’m no SJW and everyone is free to act/say as they please, but I literally don’t know what to say here. At least respect the guests and their work.
This is something that actually bothers me in many of their videos. They're both sooo bright, but seem to sometimes get sort of lost between presentations of the wondrous science and fascinating information, and the desire to "entertain".
@Jake & Judy: I agree. The need to `entertain`, in some episodes of Star Talk, is so over-the-top that it is absolutely gratuitous and obnoxious; it is actually a main reason why I am not a subscriber.
Something that irritated me immensely, though, in this interview takes place at the end, of this episode, when Michelle Fournet said that their intention is to not have a conversation with animals, such as whales; it is their intention to study animals in their natural environment, deciphering their language while never allowing the animals to know that they are there. Well, I don't know that whales are, necessarily, cognitive & freethinking, sentient, beings; but, even if they aren't, & certainly if they are, they are, it's pretty obvious, nonetheless certainly aware of our existence by the very reality that human beings have been polluting the environment, on an industrial scale, for about 300 years...& to a lesser degree for a lot longer! (The Industrial Revolution began in Europe in, approximately, the year 1730.) Humans have actually been polluting the environment for thousands of years; they have only been doing it on such a widespread systematic scale, at an industrial level, for only about three centuries. To clarify, some people say that dogs are cognitive & freethinking, sentient, beings; others say that only certain breeds of dogs. Some people say this about cats, too. Well, whether they are or are not, dogs & cats know that by licking our faces in the mornings as we are asleep, barking/meowing at us & waking us up, that we will feed them, that we will take them/let them go outside, to go to the bathroom, to meet their friends, get some exercise, chase a ball, etc.
So, they know that we are there whether or not they are cognitive, freethinking & sentient! Trying to hide ourselves from their gaze only serves to waste time as we foolishly tell ourselves that we are doing something for some _`greater good`,_ when we are expressing a willful ignorance about what we are, and have been, actually doing. And Neil brought Star Trek's _`Prime Directive`,_ which Michelle Fournet agreed with, which, of course, only serves to justify and further increase that willful ignorance.
The episode was basically over when they brought up this idea of communicating with animals & maybe there just wasn't enough time to refute the ridiculousness that we should not be communicating with them. But, it was such a dumb thing to say... And they generally do not revisit topics of discussion in later episodes, no matter how foolish & ignorant some statement that someone made was. That's another reason that I am not a subscriber...
Sound and light and electrical impulses are transmitted by animals and creatures in the watery depths.
11:13 feeling gravity isn't entirely impossible. A whale may have some body part(s) with non-zero buoyancy, and while balancing each other out so that the whole whale still have zero buoyancy, those might serve as some sort of gravity detector - probably the same way that a labyrinth detects spatial position.
And one quick clarification on the mer people. Some humans have already evolved to be more adapted to living around and in water more frequently. There is a native culture in Southeast Asia that survives exclusively off spearfishing and they have developed the ability to see clearly underwater and hold their breath for many many minutes at a time. Their vision is literally different and their respiratory capacity is literally different than most average humans because they They have adapted to the amount of time they spend in the water. And they are born with these traits at this point. They do not simply develop them over the course of their lives. It is inherent. There's a whole documentary on this but I can't remember the name. Look up something like "native island culture spearfishing Asia" And I'm sure you'll find it.
In my experience a large brain doesn't necessarily mean more intelligence.
What do you mean in your experience? Have you had a larger brain before?
@@morrownow Honestly, yes but traumatic head injuries aside, I was referring to others and large animals.
specialities
Great episode. Terrible that its only viewable on Apple whatever. Any way to just rent or purchase the movie without getting Appled?
30:14
I daydreamed that one of the first creatures to be able to breath outside of the water turned to his friends to say " hey guys check this out! " But it just comes out as: " aaaaahhhhhhhgggggguuuuuuuuuuuyyyysss-" 😂🤣
That's hilarious 😆
The freshwater elephant-nosed fish was recently declared as a species that is using electrical signals to communicate.
I wonder if animals find satisfaction in patterns in their unique senses like the way we like music or art
When animals make sounds they're usually just calling & answering a call, they don't espress their feelings by making sounds, of course sometimes their calls go unanswered, except birds, birds do sing & call. The different kinds of tune represent calling another specific mammal, the frequency of that call represents letting the other know they are here, or there is food, there is danger, that's all, very simple, but various tunes represent the various individuals they are calling like names.
How about Mormyridae?
They seems to "talk" to each other using electric signals.
interesting...
Epic !
At the moment the only thing concerning me about whales, is how to figure out when they are about to sell.
Dolphins too...😈
Nice with out advertising!
FM frequencies can travel in layers in the troposphere. It's called tropospheric ducting. They can also be reflected by the aurora and meteor scatter by bouncing your signal off the ionospheric disruption.
Hello Neil and Chuck. My question is, has anyone noticed any whales trying to repeat the noises of the boats on the surface or the subs under the water?
Listen to this while opening up another UA-cam window and play whale sounds in the background.😌
Commonalities aren't limited just to mammals. One of my favorite documentaries, years ago, was one showing how different species of birds and mammals in the Amazon understood each other's warning about predators. It wasn't even that there was one, the different calls told whether the predator was below (jaguar) or above (hawk).
Bring back the office setting. I like it better when they're in Neil's office.
My favourite is trees using fungus too talk.
@startalk I want to add to what Nichelle inquired about muir people. Through gene expression is if possible to create a being hat has both lungs and gills? Equipped a small flap or something flips to cover either the hole leading to the lungs if on land or the gills if in water?