I’ve listened to both of these guys and Jerry, Schulman and others, and I find myself going back and listening again and again and again. I’m passionate about all of this work and I get it yet. I still find I need to go back for so many of these things to get the nuance. I wish doctors in the western world could become enlightened. I’m a Cardio Thoracic surgeon with the background in biochemistry and molecular biology. I’ve shifted my whole career to treatment of disease and wellness through cell biology or metabolism or whatever you’re supposed to call it the results are astounding and the reason I can get results is because I listen to people like this.
All I can say is, Thank God this is finally being revealed/discovered/researched/published/etc. Bless you both and all your associates. I want to give all studying this the Nobel Prize times 100.
Drs. I deeply respect your work. You are basically proposing that regardless of what you do, everything in the end converts into fructose. Fructose is really bad. Glucose??? That’s supper bad. And the results cause diseases that nobody should want. What do you suggest that we eat given that fructose is also a component of sucrose along with glucose?
@molarfourteen6690 None of this is correct. Our bodies run on glucose, which we can create ourselves. We don't need dietary glucose, but it's not inherently bad. Fructose is the bad one, and we should eat very little of it. What should you eat? A low sugar diet. More specifically, a low sugar, minimally processed diet. Just eat real food, and keep the sugar down.
@@molarfourteen6690 I think you have it backwards. Fructose is super bad, causing fatty liver & insulin resistance. Liver has to convert Fructose into glucose, roughly half of it can be converted. Same with protein to glucose. Every cell uses glucose. But yes, too much glucose is obviously a bad thing also
@@molarfourteen6690 that's easy. Eat fat and protein then yr liver will only produce enough blood sugar. If you don't you overload yr system causing all sorts of problems including diabetes, heart failure. Lowering of hormones but increasing Leptin in fatties.
Interesting connection between alcoholism and fructose. When an alcoholic takes one drink the craving starts for more, and at the same time, that first drink begins to shut down the part of the brain that can say, "No more - I've had enough." So it's off to the races for more alcohol. How do I know? Well, I am an alcoholic. Don't worry, I'm sober a little over thirty-six years. But the strange thing I've noticed in sobriety is I would then do with sugar, the same as I did with alcohol. Eat one cookie, or one chocolate/peanut butter cup, and I crave more, and more - keep eating until I feel sick. When I stopped all sweets, the sugar cravings stopped too.
sugar is like alcohol. I wouldnt put fruits under it. because fruits contain nutrients, like anti oxidants pectines, fiber. However Dont eat to much fruit in one sitting either cuz thats not good
Both of the replies are missing his point. His comment wasn't nutrition related, it was more so about the fact that a couple bites or sips of alcohol and then the flood gates open, almost to a point where some people can't control it. In that sense, for some people it would make sense to avoid certain fruits depending on where their mind and physiology is at.
These comments alone have brought tears to my eyes. I volunteered for Alzheimers with my husband for 5 years until I saw symptoms in him. I follow these Drs and think they are right on and with Dr Bredesen deserve a Nobel prize. God Bless you and your work! Continue this wonderful progress you are making in your research!
Two wonderful physicians, Dr Lustig saved my life! He is a very brave man taking on some very powerful industries and politicians! Dr Johnson is also a amazing researcher.
I have seen a video that said communists have been working to break families apart over many decades in an effort to take over/rule over us. I think that selling fructose in many foods is a part of this. This way they make lots of money because everyone is so sick.
OK, people, these incredible gentlemen have done the heavy lifting. Now, it's up to all of us to share this with our doctors, our families, and our friends throughout the world. Blanket the earth with this information, get hard copies made, buy the books, whatever works for you, and let's go! Spread it like a pandemic. It's the least you can do to thank them for their work .
It’s too bad there wasn’t some government agency, who would JUMP on a cure like this, and continue to fund a study to find the cures needed! If only there were a group of doctors who would help ACTUALLY heal. The chances of this getting past the USDA and big pharma, is about the same as the USDA and big pharma coming together for the good of mankind! They will NEVER allow this info to be allowed to dismantle their money hungry machinery.
I’m a nurse practitioner. I’ve read Lustig’s book “Metabolical…” and have definitely changed the way I do practice and think. I need to get the “Nature Wants Us Fat” book and see the dots he connects. This talk now has me wanting to work with Lustig on legislation in Louisiana as we definitely are ranked horribly compared to the other 50 states.
Those living in Southern States along the Mississippi have the highest level of Glyphosate in their tissues (blood included)...which binds minerals and micronutrients that the Critical Metabolic Enzyme, AMP-K, requires (requires for both production of AMP-K and for the FUNCTION of AMP-K). RoundUp based farming is killing Agriculture...and likely killing us DIRECTLY as well. Ongoing Studies will reveal the truth of this - or not - in the next 3 - 5 years. Meanwhile... word needs to get out to STOP ingesting Fructose that isn't in FRESH FRUITS. (Fruit juices with little fiber are poisons).
Carnivore diet is best for body processing and inflamation I found the body absorbs most of meat checkout DR Anthony Chaffee. Cures most inflamation desease. Its the natural human diet. no processed food.
It's simple put your patients on proper human diet of red meat and eggs and butter and watch what happens. Try it yourself first. This kinda discussion is so behind because we've known for decades and a century that diabetes is cured by removing Carbohydrates and Dr Salisbury was curing pretty much everything with hamburger and water diet, then Atkins eats curing diabetes, obiecity and cardiovascular disease with his diet It's only corruption that we have these problems. Pharma fights all cures to that it can.
I am diabetic at 62. I started taking my blood glucose testing 2 hours after eating because I knew something was affecting my brain and I thought it was from what I was eating. I did this straight for 2 weeks. My MD then calls me to tell me my lab results show I was diabetic. I told her I already new that and already changed my Diet. She asked how did you know? I said I googled my symptoms and then put myself on a diabetic diet. I’ve been in my new diet about a month now. I totally cut out all grains and all nuts because they really bothered me and raised my blood sugar. I also cut out all fruits but strawberries and blueberries. I don’t eat any beans cause they really jack up my blood sugar. I feel so much better now and my memory is getting better! This is my third round with blood sugar issues. #1 gestational diabetes with 2nd pregnancy at 27 #2 pre-diabetes when I went into menopause and gained a lot of weight #3) aging! I am now 63 and my body is slowing down. Now I walk 2-5 miles a day to keep my muscles strong 💪 work off the glucose I eat even on a low glycemic diet. I walk right after eating even if it’s only 15 min. I can feel my digestion process what I just ate!
Thank you gentlemen, both of you. I’m living example and proof that you both are on the very right track regarding the role of fructose in the metabolic sindrome and the insulin resístance proceses. Living with dmt2 for 8 years now, 6 of those without any medication whatsoever thanks to your work mostly I’m feeling better now then almost ever before. Keep up the good work you are saving countless lives.
Great job! Keep it up 😊 and be sure to strength train with cardio too. Diet alone still leaves anyone in mediocre metabolic health, and still at high risk of many chronic diseases
Yeah? I have fruits every day and had lost 15 poundsA1D had dropped from 6.0 to 5.3. No doubt, this habit it will one day turn my brain into swiss cheese, but I don't know what your problem is..
What an enlightening and confirming conversation between two people whose work I have come to appreciate and respect over the past 3 years of my own journey away from highly processed foods and towards more understanding of what is taking place at the cellular level in my own body. As a 75 yr old lady from western Canada, I treasure the learning opportunities offered on channels such as this. The fructose connections are worthy of our attention, and I look forward to hearing more conversations and exchanges of information from both of you learned people.
I am not in the medical field, but I am a scientist so I can follow some of what you are saying. I was always told that carbohydrates eventually become glucose, that fructose early on goes to glucose, and that sugar Is glucose. Is this true? You are referring to fructose as sugar that causes bad things to happen in the body and that glucose is not as harmful with respect to mitochondria. 22:12 The diet I am on (Weight Watchers) restricts carbohydrates (breads and starches) and fats (meats and dairy). It allows unlimited vegetables and fruit. They have a point system for everything that goes into the body. Then they give you a point limit. Vegetables and fruits have zero points. I am losing weight for health reasons and one of those health components is neurological health. That is the most important to me after seeing my father get dementia. Should I restrict the fruits also? Do all fruits have the same amount of fructose as a percentage of their bulk? Thank you.
@@MarieJackson-sp3be Apples (I'm fussy about the kind) and pineapple and berries are the only fruits I care for and not often. I'm a salt addict. Sugar holds no interest; however, I have to peruse every label to avoid sugar, canola oil etc. 'cause they put it in just about everything!
Absolutely fascinating talk. Anecdotally whenever I eat fruit I get hungry even though I include it in my grams of daily carbs. With a family history of dementia and at the I am 65 I do not want to go down the same route. I subscribe to the idea that fruit is nature's candy. Incidentally since going low carb/keto I have lost 124lbs and am now in remission with diabetes and off all medication. And my blood sugars are in the 73 to 100 range depending on my food choices.
I am one who thinks not only Dr Lustig and Johnson carry on with more but with this impactful discussions. Maybe a series combining their respective specialties. This is one of the most important discussions on here. Thank you so much!
Anyone who has ever gone to an AA meeting can see the sugar alcohol sugar connections. All you have to do is observe the number of spoonsfull of sugar that is added to the coffee
Sugar (and carbohydrates) are highly addictive. The carb addiction doc has a successful channel and practice focused on treating food addiction. Lab rats prefer sugar over highly addictive narcotics like cocaine and most humans come out of the womb with sugar addiction (thanks to the diets of mom and dad)
There was a TV series years ago in the UK, called "The Man Who Made Us Fat", it detailed the development of the process of obtaining fructose from Corn Syrup. This dramatically reduced the cost of sweetening foods, and led to a large increase in the consumption of sugars. In a later series on BBC Radio, the presenter mentioned that Fructose was processed by our bodies differently from Sucrose; with Fructose being largely converted to fat. The point made in this presentation about Bears gorging fruit before hibernation occured to me too after hearing the BBC program. It got me thinking that humans have probably evolved to convert fruit into fat to see them through the lean winter months. That fruit is now available 365 days of the year, and that so many foods & drinks are sweetened with Fructose, is probably the nub of the problem. While Photobiomodulation (PBM) is being used with some success to address the mitrochondria problems, the real solution must surely be to control Fructose consumption. Here's another thought. Vitamin D is fat soluble, but in higher Latitudes we cannot make Vitamin D in the winter months. So is the evolutionary role of carrying extra fat into winter as a food stuff, also have a role in carrying a store of Vitamin D through winter?😮
Only thing is though that fruitarians are the skinniest people on the planet. NOT saying fruitarianism is good, bcs it's a horrible diet, but fruit doesn't necessarily make anyone fat. I actually gained 20 pounds on carnivore and I have now lost that after reintroducing fruits, fruit juices, honey and milk. Still not saying that eating those things are beneficial, but I couldn't sleep on carnivore and I constantly ran on stresshormones. Still trying to find a way to be able to do low carb/keto/carnivore but so far I haven't succeeded bcs my body just freaks out. (I have done carnivore for about 15 months in total plus low carb for atleast as long so it's not like I gave up after a week or two.😅)
Every body is different! If you have pre-diabetes / diabetes then your body cannot process carbohydrates!!!! As we age (I am 63) our body losses it’s ability to push glucose into the muscles, that’s why exercise is so effective because we are mechanically doing what the body no longer can- transfer if glucose out of the bloodstream into the muscle fiber for immediate use. Exercise as much as you can then exercise some more. Remember glucose affects your brain functions! Keep a sharp mind through a fit body💪 🏃🏼♀️
Wow. So much mind-blowing content! I thoroughly enjoyed listening to these two experts cover not only the well supported science, but also to get a glimpse into their thoughts about the potential for future discoveries and even public policy implications to this research. Thanks so much for sharing with us!
I have listened attentively to this interview twice in a row! Amazing scientists and amazing information! Thank you so much for sharing it all in such a understandable lay people language!
In case Lustig or Johnson are reading this: please research "high dose alithiamine" - it could play a HUGE role in AD and metabolic dysfunction. Why? The mitochondria use up thiamine to process glucose to ATP conversion. When the thiamine is used-up the mitochondria can't produce enough ATP - especially in the brain. I'm saying this because I have started taking high-dose allithiamine and notice less fatigue (in my gym sessions) and I can now remember which locker, in the gym, I put my clothes. I am 74, slightly diabetic (WAS, I hope), slim, I closely track my eating and health and allithyamine is REMARKABLE and imo plays a huge role in AD and metabolic health. The RDA is stupidly low and SAD uses up what little we have leaving our mitochondria in brain and muscles on "life support" - lol. Richard and Rob - please look into this, you (and me) won't be sorry, promise.
Great conversation! I could listen to both of you for hours. I always learn something new from Dr Lustig. Now I need to dig down the Dr Johnson rabbit hole.
Thank you for this. I have see you, Dr. Lustig, in several video. What makes this a cut above your other appearances, is the careful, calm, non-confrontational manner of your discussion.
Two liner summary: - High salt in the environment is the metabolic signal for an incoming drought and high fructose in the environment is the metabolic signal for an incoming winter. - Evolutionarily it made sense, but nowadays we have, too much and too often, access to those signals, thus creating all sorts of problems. I encourage everybody to listen to this podcast several times and memorize the metabolic pathway. This is truly revolutionary, you certainly deserve a Medicine Nobel Prize. We have to support these true scientists (instead of those paid by the food industry). Thank you so much for sharing this as a podcast!
High salt intake could contribute only if you are a SAD follower. Low carb diets required an increase consumption of salt. Interestingly, those eating more unprocessed foods tend to live longer despite eating more salt.
Historically fruit came around once a year. We foraged fruits and ate till the fall then we stopped for several months ... not including modern preserving techniques. Gave the body something a little extra for the winter.
It's possible to do a low fructose diet. I've done it for 5 months, lost 20 Kgs already. Thanks Dr. Johnson for the knowledge. Read the book, really eye opening. People need to understand this metabolic mechanism and act on it.
@@btudrus true! I'm eating fruits though. Less than 8 grams per serving of fructose as Johnson adivices, still losing weight. Also a couple of other hacks (eating salad first) are working well.
@@abe_duarteow many grams of fructose in total a day is still safe according to Dr Johnson? Bcs I still need some fruits in my diet bcs my body just goes into complete stressmode on carnivore and I can't sleep.
I don’t understand. Why not just quit eating all fructose? It’s a simple as that. Don’t lie to yourself. Sooner or later those addicted to sugars quit. One funeral at a time.
So very interesting. My grandfather died with Alzhemier's. His daughter, my mother, craves fruit and is not attracted to many other foods. She has definitely been showing for decades a change in her cognitive abilities, and her brilliant brain has been disappearing. My sisters personality at 50 years of age has changed so dramatically, I can't even have a relationship with her anymore. She had the worst brain fog or baby brain during her only pregnancy I have ever seen. She would write herself notes to remember something, and she would then, in a few mins time, forget she wrote herself a note. She couldn't shop because she had no way of knowing what she needed once she walked out the door. Sometimes, she couldn't remember why she was going out the door. Is baby brain a warning for the future? I have always known as an adult,😅 certain fruits and particular varieties of fruit within a family can send me into strong shaking. Then, it sets off horrible sensations through the body. Everything started to improve at 50 for me with the removal of added sugar and almost no fruit. Metabolic issues are under control, and no drugs are required for anything. Arthritis is better. Graves is silent. Sleep is much better. Anxiety is mostly gone. Lumps in one breast have stayed silent. I can eat a handful of berries in a smoothie, but I'm not attracted to fruit otherwise. Since sugar in general was removed, brain fog lifted dramatically and noticeably. I couldn't remember a phone number repeated to me, but now I don't struggle with remembering a series of numbers. I knew fructose was an issue for me, but I now don't feel guilty about not having more than the handful of berries each day. As a family, we seem to have a genetic liver condition. Apart from my sister and a cousin, the rest of us can't drink. It might as well be poison the way we feel and family members die with fatty liver disease, and it's not alcohol related . Can't get Drs to believe us. I can close my eyes where I'm sitting and go to sleep within minutes of starting to consume alcohol. Such a strong reaction. Also, Im not attracted to alcohol. It's all so very interesting. Ask me about how, after having a very bad lengthy case of Covid at Christmas, my whole brain and health have improved again. Don't know anyone else who has had a positive experience from covid.
My wife recently died from FTD, the dementia that Bruce Willis has. She had been addicted to pep-o-mint lifesavers since I first met her in the 70s and would always be sucking on one. She used them as a psychological crutch to avert panic attacks, and no doubt she was addicted to the sugar.
I had severe brain fog going through menopause during my mid 50's. 10 yrs later, I feel great. I cut sugar (eat berries now and then), cut out white flour, rice, noodles. I've had covid and did nothing one way or another for my brain, but did attack my nervous system. Best wishes for your health.
@@SYWYRD Why did people let them have it? So many residential facilities for seniors serve high sugar/high carb diets. Those creating the diets are woefully uneducated. Or, they just don’t care because carbs are cheap.
Marvelous discussion, gentlemen. Thank you. My mother has early dementia. Unfortunately, she consumed fruit juices for most of her life. This is greatly discouraged now.
I really appreciate hearing this from two amazing old guys like me! I'm praying that someone with more influence over the younger generations will share the same messages 🙏
This was an absolute treat, watching your discussion. You clearly both enjoy bouncing ideas off each other and sharing ideas together. Research besties! 😁❤️
I am curious if being a person who is naturally low dopamine is correlated with sugar addiction and metabolic risk. I actually went to my doctor a few years ago because I read about Dr. Lustig’s work and tried to go cold turkey on sugar in my diet. The result was massive cravings and persistent low mood. I have always eaten a broadly very healthy diet - a low level of ultra processed food. When I consumed fructose, it would usually be in fruit (which I love), one sugar added to tea maybe once a day, a few squares of chocolate and an occasional ‘blow out’ sugary coffee shop drink. I was miserable without these treats, to the point that I panicked about my mental health. This was the first time I realised that I probably have low dopamine levels and have some adapted strategies to ‘boost’ my mood throughout the day. The other two main strategies are a) buying clothes and shoes, which also clearly brings a dopamine hit. I buy far more than I need, but have a low income, so I usually buy vey cheaply or second hand. This has meant it’s not a financial problem, and I didn’t identify it as a problem or dopamine-driven behaviour until I had the lightbulb moment. My local charity shop loves me! And b) interacting with my cat, which I find so calming and and rewarding that I seriously believe he functioned as a therapy animal for me. So I ended up at my doctors asking what I should do - eat some sugary treats and bear the physiological consequences or exert steel will and feel permanently miserable. He told me to eat the chocolate. I also suffer from CFS (after viral illness at age 18) but am highly active relative to most people with the condition, including working full time. I also have a medical history which indicates other immune dysfunction. So I suspect I use sugar (and caffeine!) as props when my CFS symptoms are making it challenging to function. Sometimes a sugary drink would be the only thing to get me functional in the morning, when brain fog was intense, layered with a migraine-type headache. I would suddenly feel MUCH better. But back to the topic of dopamine. I had a very unusual symptom during Covid infection. My body appeared to handle Covid well, I was better within 5 days and had a low fever initially and flu type symptoms. I was vaccinated. What was interesting was that during the two week run up to symptoms showing, I was absolutely wiped out, had very low mood, and was about to go to the doctors because I knew something was wrong. Then, during the first three days of being symptomatic, I had sustained and relentless low grade cramps or contractions in the muscles in my legs. I had to walk around frequently to alleviate how uncomfortable it was. My back muscles occasionally cramped too, but it was relentless in my calves. When I tried to find out about what caused this symptom, I found some information saying processes of muscle control in the brain may be responsible, and that low dopamine may be related. I’d had a blood test done maybe two years prior and that found no abnormalities except vitamin D deficiency, and I’d been taking D3 supplements since so it’s unlikely that was a factor. So yeah, I’m really interested in whether low dopamine might drive sugar consumption. And if this is the case, what can people with low dopamine do instead to help manage symptoms. I know exercise is a good option, but CFS and full time work mean I have periods in which I simply don’t have the energy to do it. And those periods, when I struggle to function, tend to be really rough.
I’m absolutely sure low dopamine is the reason for addictions and cravings. Many years ago I had a boyfriend who was addicted to long distance running. A now passed Swedish writer was addicted to intense dancing and love/sex. I believe it’s possible to choose addictions that are beneficial or at least not harmful. You learn your addictions and behaviours. Nobody enjoys the first drink or the first cigarette. 🇸🇪
Thank You gentlemen, for your insight into metabolic syndrome. The knowledge I have gained over several months has truly helped me to understand how to control my T2 diabetic condition (even though I am slim) . I just need to confirm that I am perhaps not producing enough insulin, rather than being insulin resistant - but getting that blood diagnosis from my local clinic is an up hill struggle (they seem set in a conventional wisdom that does not consider new evidence that is being brought to our attention by your good work). Thank you so much!
Another thing that lowers the ATP production by essentially clogging the electron transport chain is linoleic acid. So seed oils. Equally bad, if not worse, as fructose.
Eye opening discussion! Question: does the fructose in fruits do the same thing and to the same degree? ie. does excessive fruit intake cause this problem as well as processed fructose sources?
That’s easy. In fruits there is also cellulose and contains of fructose is not much high as in a soda drink. And usually we eat one apple (glass of apple juice contain fructose from 5 apples).
The fiber and some other phytochemicals in the fruits reduce the effect the fructose has on the body and like has been said before, the amount of fructose in actual fruit is typically less than the amounts in sodas and fruit juices, but still it’s the same chemical and it will basically exert the same effect - just less strongly. So you’re better off eating lots of vegetables and a bit of fruit than the other way around.
@30:00 Dr. Lustig provides an excellent, quick rundown of how fructose metabolism fatally short-circuits cellular energy production. For those needing its gist in written format: _Given ATP ADP AMP || ATP AMP (adenosine tri-, di- or mono-phosphate), with ATP being the "charged battery," used for powering all cell tasks, and AMP, the "completely discharged battery":_ The enzyme *_5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase,_* _AMPK,_ utilizes AMP as an incitatory signal during times of high cellular energy expenditure (=> too little ATP versus AMP activates AMPK). AMPK is made of three sub-units: α, β, γ, with its active site lying within the γ-subgroup, which contains an "exposed" amino acid, _arginine._ *HOWEVER, an intermediate metabolite of fructose, **_methylglyoxal, MGO,_** has an exposed aldehyde unit which fits into AMPK's γ-subgroup. With this aldehyde, MGO will lock itself into AMPK by binding to that γ-subgroup's arginine. This destroys AMPK's functionality, turning it into molecular junk.* Loss of AMPK's activity leads to metabolic failures of many types, only one of which is by turning off the signaling for the cell to produce more mitochondria, in order to ramp up the production of ATP. *Without sufficient ATP to power all the eukaryotic cell's tasks, that cell will be underproductive, non-productive, it fail to reproduce, or it will just die.* For more on *the huge number of metabolic effects AMPK has (and the metabolic dangers posed by sugar/fructose by disabling it),* see Wikipedia's article on "AMP-activated protein kinase", particularly with its reference to _Winder WW, Hardie DG (July 1999). "AMP-activated protein kinase, a metabolic master switch: possible roles in type 2 diabetes". _*_The American Journal of Physiology._*_ 277 (1): E1-10. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.1.E1. PMID 10409121_
Notes -mostly for myself, INTRO: Fructose in animal studies: 1) induced insulin resistance systemically, mitochondrial dysfunction (reducing ATP level), and caused inflammation. (Similar to what was going on in the brain) Paradox - little fructose gets to the brain (the liver gets most of it) , so how could it be driving disease in the brain?? Dr Richard Johnson, a nephrologist, - did these studies in animals with fructose. He wanted to study the role of uric acid in HTN. The kidney regulates salt excretion and associated hypertension issues. Uric acid was correlated with HTN. They didn;t think it caused HTN. They found that uric acid actually caused HTN. They raised uric acid levels (how? - just adding it to diet, or giving them fructose?) in rats caused high blood pressure. WOndered next about why so many people in the population have high uric acid levels. They found that sugar or fructose could cause uric acid levels to increase. They did the study and fed animals (mice?) fructose and their uric acid levels went up,. And they got higher blood pressure. At the same time the animals got fat, fatty liver, and other aspects of metabolic syndrome . Used allopurinol to lower uric acid levels, and their blood pressure lowered. But surprisingly at the same time the animals got less fat, and got less fat in their liver, and less insulin resistance. This led him to wonder if Uric acid was actually causing all these aspects of metabolic syndrome. And since fructose was actually causing the raise in uric acid, he started studying fructose. And from there started learning about endocrinology and obesity! And Alzheimer’s too I guess. 5:00 Dr Lustig studying kids with brain tumors. 40 kids who had become massively obese. Hypothalamic obesity (due to damage to that part of the brain). They had sky high leptin levels. They were leptin resistance. Leptin -discovered 1994- satiety hormone (?marker of long term energy stores, and is produced by adipose cells. Low leptin levels will lead to energy sparing response and increasing food intake/hunger and decrease in energy expenditure). Leptin resistance is associated iwth increased inflammation, auto immune issues, and increased susceptibility to bacterial infection, hyper insulin levels, fatty liver, low sex hormones (GNRH?). (Some of that from Pub Med) Fat Rats have been found to have leptin resistance. Dr Lustig - if you lesion part of the brain in rat (ventronemial something hypothalamus) it gets obese, but you can block that with cutting the vagus nerves. so that it can’t sense leptin, then it thinks the body is starving. The vagus nerve then sends a message to the pancreas to release insulin. If you cut the vagus nerve, then you block the weight gain. They used a drug that suppressed insulin to these 40 obese children iwth hypothalamic obesity , they not only lost weight. They also became more physically active. The kids started to feel less brain fog, and had more motivation to run around and play and be active. The behavior of “slothfulness” of obesity is biochemically driven (not laziness or a moral failing), and it has a lot to do with insulin. Not just for these kids, but for others in the world with obesity. SO why do others have high insulin if they dont have a brain tumor…. 9:30. Invited to talk about toxins in world at NIH conference. Looked at diseases children were getting that had not gotten in the past, these would be a sign of toxins in the environment. THey were fatty liver disease and DM2. He noticed in his biochemistry text book, that these were the diseases of alcohol, but he noticed the pathways for alcohol and fructose were similar (“exactly the same”:). He proposed fructose was the environmental obesigen driving metabolic syndrome epidemic in children. (Obesity, type 2 diabetes, etc). They all agreed Fructose was a Toxin. :). (At least in the bathroom) 12:00. Fructose get metabolized like a calorie. But uric acid is due to ATP levels falling inside the cell. (AMP gets made into uric acid?). Animals were eating more when given fructose. Leptin levels were high but they were leptin resistance. Realized obesity is likely leptin resistance. They showed fructose induced leptin resistance in teh brain, but a high fat diet alon did not. They realized that FRUCTOSE made animals eat more, causing more weight gain. If they kept the calories constant (in these fructose fed mice) , then they didn’t gain much weight, but still got fatty liver!! And visceral fat. Etc…. Fructose was driving metabolic syndrome independent of calorie intake, but that it was also driving increased calorie intake too. 15:00. Fructose and Alzheimer’s link Dale and Stan prusner …. Dr Lustig’s pet theory about why sugar may be a possible cause of Alzheimer’s disease. He asks Dr Robert Johnson to summarize why fructose may be a bad buy in the brain/ Alzheimer’s affects parts of the brain that are also inhibited by fructose. Tao protein aggregation - amyloid plaques - found in Alzheimer’s. Are the plaques causing ALzheimers or is it just an innocent bystander, or are both caused by the same thing? (There is also a 2002 paper id the plaques as the problem, had also some scandal involved, … are the plaques). …. The plaques cant be the primary cause of Alzheimer’s. 3 key findings in early alzheimers 1) insulin resistance in the brain (some regions of the brain are insulin dependent. Most areas of brain do not require insulin) Brain diabetes 2). Neurons have mitochondrial dysfunction. (ATP levels fall early) 3) neural inflammation There are tropic factors in teh brain : Estrogen can remodel synapses in the hypothalamus - Dr Lustig. The brain is plastic and trophic factors can affect what is going on in the brain. Insulin. Leptin. BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor). IF they are not working can cause synapses to fail…. Neural architecture can change. Fructose in animals systemically cased the same issues that are found in early alzheimers. However, most fructose is removed in the liver and very little gets to the brain. So how can fructose be driving the disease in the brain?
Answer….. the body can make fructose via the polyol pathway. High glucose levels can lead to conversion of glucose to fructose in the brain. This has been shown to be true in humans, after about 40 minutes of high glucose levels in teh blood.. Salt also triggers the reaction of glucose to fructose. (Not just in the brain but also in other tissues) So we are eating foods that are reading fructose levels in the brain. Sugar intake, salty foods, high glycemic carbs are risk factors for cerebral atrophy. (And for raising fructose in the brain) Lustig: Traumatic brain injury (and the small amount of ischemia produced ), and pregnancy, also lead to fructose production in the brain Fructose can be converted to glycogen if you are glycogen depleted. Lustig: Polyol pathway is the reason for cataracts. Glucose gets converted to sorbitol, an osmolite, and that then gets converted to fructose. (Missed something there 26:00 ) If you give fructose to a starving animal- it will convert it to glucose ,metabolize it and burn it for energy. (Missed, so I think) If you give fructose to a fat animal - it will lower the atp, lead to eating more, and obesity. Insulin resistance. Bears will eat fructose in teh fall, as way to gain weight, in preparation for hibernation. Fructose will also stimulate the foraging behavior, which turns on parts of hte brain, and turns off other parts of the brain. ******The parts that are turned off in foraging are affected in alzheimers The parts that are not affected or turned on in foraging, are okay or protected in alzheimers ******** To forage you must suppress the frontal CORTEX (for self control), inhibit the area for recent memory -hippocampus (so no fear of dangers where going) Stimulates impulsivity. 29:00 Fructose works on the regions of the brain that are !! The anterior Cingulate is stimulated by fructose. ALzheimers does not affect this area of the brain Teh occipital cortex (needed for foraging), alzheimers does not affect this. WHY does fructose do this>? Enzyme AMP kinase, affects how neurons burn energy. It is a signal to the cell that there is a lack of energy. (ATP turns to ADP turns to AMP in very very low energy conditions. (This is an enzyme turned on by AMP, a signal of low energy ). This AMP kinase will put phosphate groups on other things. It will stimulate teh production of more mitochondria!!!! AMP kinase has three sub unites. Alpha beta and gamma. The gamma subunit is where AMP binds. HOwever, there is a metabolite of fructose. MGO (methylgloxyl?) has an aldehyde on it that binds irreversibly to the AMP binding site. SO it takes the enzyme out of commission, irreversibly. SO FRUCTOse depletes our ability to generate new mitochondria due to hte production of hte MGO metabolite…… So maybe alzheimers is caused by fructose depleting energy levels in the neurons (due to prevention of more mitochondria, and also preventing existing mitochondria from being able to make ATP (in large enough amounts ). DEPLETION IN NERUONAL 33:30. In animals they fructose and it inhibits AMP kinase : Fructose creates oxidative stress that prevents the mitochondria from being able to make ATP, so atp levels in the cell drop. Fructose metabolite prevents AMP kinase from being able to trigger the production of more mitochondria. AMP Kinase is the rescue system for failing mitochondria 34:20 Uric acid also inhibits AMP kinase. So it drops the energy level in teh cell THis is the signal to eat more and to forage. This is the foraging signal. 34:00 Alzheimers early signs - increased food intake and obesity. To wrap up hypothesis - if give sugar (contains fructose) to animals, after 8 weeks they have trouble walking through a maze. If you look in their brains you find insulin resistance, mito dysfunction, drop in BDNF, drop in ATP… At 16 weeks they start to develop amyloid plaques and Tao protein. Lustig: talked to Stan prussner (sp?). He said amyloid is in a different form before it becomes gunky . Intercellular amyloid peptide, in an alpha helix. IAPP (alpha helix form) requires energy to stay in alpha helix form, which is soluble. When energy in the cell drops, they alpha helices become beta sheets, and these tend to stick to each other. Causing plaques (almost like prions?) It’s a domino effect. Does one cause the other to fold incorrectly ?? This happens routinely in neurons when there is an energy problem!! 38:00 KEY issue; drop in ATP is key issue driving alzheimers Only one nutrient in the cell drives low atp in the cell, and that is fructose Fructose levels are 5-6 times higher in people with alzheimers than in age matched control. (Confirming) 39:00. Atp is the linchpin in teh story. However, there is more to the story. GI literature. Evanoff paper, came from lab in Israel. High fat diet causes metabolic syndrome and alzheimers. But keto diet does not (which is highest fat). So what is happening at the level of the gut the gut has three separate barriers in it. 41:00 Mucin layer Tight junctions (like zonulins - in celiac disease) Immunologic barrier One major cell type - TH 17 cell, Makes IL-17. In order to maintain intestinal integrity. Exposed animals to 1) regular diet. 2) high fat plus sugar diet. 3) high fat low to no sugar keto diet IL-17 ok with all diets except high fat diet with some sugar added - the IL 17 was low, and there was leaky gut. It is the sugar that causes the leaky gut syndrome Fructose can disrupt tight junctions and cause gut leak. TH 17. Pathway not looked at
PEANUT ALLERGIES - little children getting these more (anaphylactic reactions). Model of anaphylactic shock, antigens given to animals that he has disrupted the intestinal barrier by giving them cholera toxin. At suggestion of Dr RJ, he tried using fructose (or fruit juice) to see it would also cause gut leak and it also caused anaphylaxis. Didn’t do enough animals to publish. Perhaps increase in anaphylaxis in children is due to feeding toddlers fruit juice. It may also be specific micro organisms in the intestine. Group A strep - Tooth bacteria is step mutans - it love fructose. It has specific enzyme to preferentially eat fructose. It can do so more easily than other bacteria. These group a strep also live in intestines 0 and they create toxins. (Such as in Rheumatic fever, Pandas, Sydenham chorea??). All have neurological manisfestations. Becuase we fed the wrong bacteria the food they loved (fructose) All different pathways of fructose causing havoc if taken in excess…. Roles in neurological disease, ADHD, bipolar , alzheimers, seizures, GI illness, and anaphylaxis. Its a major drive Also - response to covid , the inflammatory response. The hallmark of long covid is low ATP from mitochondria, DECREASED mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. (Seen also in cancers…. Etc) Lots of speculation from here on out Who dies of covid? Groups who eat lots of processed high sugar foods. It’s not the virus that kills you. It’s the hyper immune response to the virus. The out of control immunological response . There are brakes on the immune response. It does have a positive feedback cycle though, to get things out of the body (or killed). To get rid of the infection. You do need to reign in the immune system, so you don’t have an atomic bomb! Covid death is lack of brakes on the immune response If you give immune cells - fructose - it inhibits glutamine synthase - then immune markers of immune system go sky high. High uric acid may be involved in that process also. Young people who died tended to have metabolic syndrome and obesity . Relationship with uric acid and poor outcomes. Uric acid is a marker of metabolic syndrome and poor diet. (Maybe, I missed) Fructose can drive the Warburg effect. It is the perfect fuel for cancer cells. It’s also involved in alcoholism (?) Fructose can be involved in so man processes. It seems there are too many diseases that it can be involved in. Can this be? But it seems to be so Fructose is the ONLY nutrient that lowers the energy (ATP) in the cell. The energy goes directly into the fat directly. Get low ATP and high Fat. Metabolic syndrome, diabetes 2, and ALzheimers all have this same signature. 8 factors in Lustig’s view. All components of metabolic syndrome , don’t have a drug treatment, all increasing in our societies that have adopted the SAD or wester diet, all are associated with mito dysfunction/. Solution - reduce sugar dramatically. Ways to block the glycemic response (casey?). Ways to make healthier choices Addiction - another aspect/. The great spoiler. Alcohol and fructose (and sugar) very addictive. 10% are chornic alcoholics. …. More stats that i missed. You can consume a little alcohol and its ok. A lot is not ok. If you a re addicted you can’t consume a little Sugar is the same. But some people can’t eat a little without eating a whole bunch. Addiction is the obstacle . Not just for hte metabolic syndrome patient. Politicians needs to help with with in the same way that they helped iwth the tobacco industry. (But was int politicans? Or was it hte courts?). Maybe both. DR RJ- when we give alcohol to animals. It triggered the polyol pathway and stimulates fructose production. DRUG IDEA- making inhibitors to fructose. To reduce the craving to sugar, and also reduces the craving for alcohol. So craving for alcohol is also linked to craving for fructose. So low ATP in teh neurons may be causing the craving/ Dr monica deuce - neuroscientist. Thinks craving is in the tongue…. If you block the taste animals still get addicted to sugar. They will be addicted to fructose (but not to artificial sugars) Are they getting atp depletion in the tongue??? Lustig- good news - we have the science. Turning it into public health policy is another story. But at least we have gotten away from calories and saturated fat, and have better science now. They both have books that detail these processes. Nature wants us to be fat - by Dr RJ … he does propose solutions :). It tried to teach waht foods drive this switch, and what foods counter the switch. Hydration is a powerful tool for blocking fructose effects. Water intake is very beneficial. It supresses some of the mechanisms by which fructose drives obesity Vasopressin also drive metabolic syndrome from fructose. Vasopressin is suppressed by water! People who are obese tend to have high vasopressin Vasopressin - is a threat neurotransmitter. If we are turning vasopressin on by sugar consumption (??) then we think we are constantly under threat. - behavior or continued consumption If we reduce sugar, can we solve some of violence of society today>
"Nature Wants Us To Be Fat", is a great title, and it validates people who their whole lives have been trying and ultimately failing to lose weight. By knowing how and why nature works lipogenically, then we can figure out how to get and stay slim. And it can be as simply as dropping the carbs, eating real food, and doing a bit of fasting. That's how I lost 45lbs.
@@davos6621 No. As long as you are eating your carbs in a natural way - with the fibre you won't spike insulin. Maybe oranges are a bit difficult, but most fruit should be safe in moderation, and stuff like a carrot will not harm. But a hole potato, or one saoked in fat is going to be unhealthy; chips, crisps, white rice, bread. Stuff made with flour is like rocket fuel. WHite powder like refined sugar and stuff made with flour hits the digestive system so hard that there are negative effects. Wheat itself has other problems too. Gluten is not just a problem for Celiacs, I avoid most carbs because whilst your body can live without them completely they are nonetheless hard to avoid completely.
It's much simpler for men to change their diet and lose weight. It's very difficult for women due to menstruating every 28 days. It's a lot more complicated for women. I know someone who eats very little sugar and is still overweight. I believe it's more of the gut health issue for women.
@@maryiced3931 Obviously it's not just sugar. Anything made of starch starts to turn to sugar as soon as it hits the saliva in the mouth. Food processing breaks down the natural structures in the food; flour is a white powder, and just like sugar anything made from it hits the digestive system hard.
Things like pasta, thin crust pizza and potato chips have a very slow blood sugar response. Two of those are fully permeated with grease which makes it really, really slow. Pasta is starch grains encased in protein and the protein must go before the starch is unleashed. These types of food are very annoying to type 1 diabetics; you cannot take insulin just once because it acts too fast; the slow insulin is way too slow. You’d have to use a continuous glucose monitor and take seceral small doses to correct.
I’ve been stripping 25 years. I’m utterly obsessed with health. Now I’m breaking into the trucking industry. My intention is to use T&A to inspire drivers to prioritize fitness and healthy cooking. This information is so valuable. Thank you deeply💚
We need a whole programme on feeding infants and children. It is alarming to consider the harm done by fruit juice, which as parents we have been encouraged to give to youngsters for decades. That is just one factor. What should we be feeding them daily? And how on earth can we teach them to resist the billion dollar industry that is geared up to pull them in to consumption of life limiting and life damaging poisons?
My grandson was fed formula. First ingredient? High fructose corn syrup. Result? 24 trips to the Dr or the ER, and monthly antibiotics during the first 8 months of his life.
Young children are indoctrinated to the sugars even after fruit juice with all the commercial high fructose cereals marketed to them like Sugar Frosted Flakes and Sugar Pops, two of my childhood favorites.
Bravo gentlemen! Very insightful discussion, to say the least. This topic brings to mind the work of Dr. Perlmutter on uric acid. I can’t imagine the 3 of you together 😜😂😂
What a wonderful and thought provoking discussion. I am not a doctor or a scientist, but I have a strong interest in science. This episode held me all the way through. I could have listened to more! I have been having infrequent episodes of angina. I attribute all my medical ills over the years to suga, BUT I love everything with sugar. It is tough to quit! I switched to artificial sugar, and a year ago to Stevia. In Jan. I had excrutiating abdominal pain. I called an ambulance and had myself taken to the hospital My ALT and ALS were through the roof. With fasting, and cutting out all sugar and sugar subsitutes they went back to the reference range, which I am trying to get even lower. My wife is a big believer in saturated fat. I have fat around the middle. Never did I think I got that from saturated fat because I didn't have a lot of it. SUGAR IS MY PROBLEM. Now I learn that specifically, it is fructose. Does that mean I cannot eat fruit. which I have substituted for other foods with sugar?
All Fruit is Fructose, which is the worst form of sugar for humans. while its best to cut all fruits out to help heal the body , having a few berries which have the lowest amount of fructose/carbs of all fruits could be an option fo you, if you really desperately want some fruit. Raspberries blackberrys blueberrys strawberrys
Fresh fruit is fine because the fructose is not concentrated. Sugar, which is from the cane plant, is boiled down and concentrated. High fructose corn syrup is also concentrated about 100X. I believe it was Robert Lustig who said fresh fruit is not a problem because you cannot get enough fructose from it to cause problems. I do not know where she got it, possibly from Mayo Clinic, but my wife limits me to 3 servings of fruit per day because of sugar in general.
@@francoiskleingeld6194 I have metabolic syndrome, I think. I Googled how much fruit I can have a day. It said 2-3 servings, or pieces of fruit. Fruit provide vitamins and minerals that are beneficial, and if you limit yourself, the liver will process the fructose and you will excrete it. It is when we eat loads of fructose, or anything, we run into problems. I was wondering if I would forever need to swear off cake and ice cream. The rule is, if you have not had sugar all day, and that is all you have, then the body can handle it. The liver is our toxic chemical filter to a point. After that, they do damage. That is what I have learned. I no longer have refined sugar, just one packet of Stevia from time to time if the fruit is not sweet enough. I am down to 1-2 packets per day. I also do not eat a plate full of carbs. I have been cutting pasta about 1:1or 1:2 with vegetables and my angina is better. It seems I was producing triglycerides which were making my blood thicker and when it got to the narrowed arteries was producing pain. That is my theory. With care, my longevity calculator says I will live to be 91. I intend to make it that far. Robert Lustig himself said pieces of fruit are not the problem because of fiber. He was not reccomending meal of it though. However, a small piece of fruit with each meal probably will not set anyone back and it is good for our addiction to sweets.
Carnivore diet is best for body processing and inflamation I found the body absorbs most of meat checkout DR Anthony Chaffee. Cures most inflamation desease. Its the natural human diet. no sugar, no carbs, no processed food.
So no fruit at all? What about blueberries? Please advise if any fruits are okay. Do oats make fructose? What doesn't make fructose? Only meat? PLEASE tell us what to EAT.
He never says that dont eat fruits moderately. By sugar he means something we add on like to bread or cookies. Not something natural and combined with fiber. Anything even natural which is processed like juice that removed fiber is not good. He means natural fiber not artificially added fiber. Fiber on its own inhibit absorption of fructose. If you dont have background in biochem and physilogy you may need to listen to bunch of Dr.lusting to understand fructose and different diets including keto.
I've come across many former/recovering drinkers. And they've just 'about all switched to sugar drinks and treats. They say they wont drink again but have a sugar addiction. There's more to the this story and biology, genetics, human kind. The mental gymnastics they deal everyday. Thank you guys for these talks. As a kid i slept a ton and never felt rested and alive. Sugar was a huge part of that. Caffeine was too. I'd love a dive into caffeine. It definitely make me cold and poor circulation. I bet dollars to donuts it can be an impact on the diseases of modern society. I think all of the previous studies were not well adjusted for other things, smoking, drinking, salt/sugar intake, activity level. The build up of caffeine in my body is days and days. I think it's around 3 days if when i stop all intake. I think it accrues and continues to do damage. I'm on and off it like an addict. I can see the benefits on and off it. My hands and feet crack like a diabetic on coffee. I've done this several times with 1 month breaks on and off, 3 times now. Sugar industry hates you guys. I think coffee is suspect too. It's just way less of a harm at the moment. But the money of this product is billions. It was substituted for alcohol in the 1600, to get more productive work done.
I'm on and off coffee too. I'm testing a one-coffee only a day in the mornings now after a diabetic friend told me that's what he does and his diabetes is in remission now (probably because he switched from beer to red wine and exercises more now rather than only-morning one-coffee imo). When or if the morning-only one-coffee does not work I'll have to go on ketogenic. At present its no-sugar for me but maybe the lactose I drink in dairy (buttermilk) is making fructose? That's where I am at now but must solve this or die trying. (I am 73, slim with slight neuropathy in feet and obvious swings in mitochondria-health in body and brain). Also experimenting with high dose thiamine which is definitely helping mitochondrial function but am I damaging some pathway?) Having thirst problems too which doesn't sound good. I must get on top of this - its hard. Love my mornings-only one-coffee a day, sadly, hope that does not have to go.
@@user_375a82 I too have neuropathy in parts of my feet. It stopped progressing when i did omad, high beef and butter intake. I'm not convinced on beer to wine, i'm a big beer person. If you are pre-diabetic i'd give up dairy for some amout of time. But keep butter in the picture. Throw away all seed oils, olive too. I'm not sure on the thiamine. I'm not keto, but low carb. 100g or less per day. Even factor in or count the wine or beer, look up their rought estimates. One meal a day was a god send and needed to get the BP down. It was 140 to 150 on the top. now it's 115/65 after 4 months of omad. Don't give up. There are compromise, but some times you have to just going lower and lower carb if your pancreas has been beat up over the years. Look up tim nokes, he's a life long diabetic and can never go back to carbs with out big insulin shots. On keto for him he doesn't need insulin but his blood glucose can fly up if he does eat carbs.
@@scoobtoober2975 Thx for that scooby. OMAD will give me another option (to carry-on living), so that will be another arrow in my quiver. I don't drink any alcohol but have found out beer is just awful for fatty liver disease, witness beer belly which is basically fatty-liver that's off-the scale. Thx for very useful information and lets both live-longer - lol.
my docotr did not know about uric acid , sgnar and fructorse reaction. I saw Dr Pamitter video and now this podcase by the stalwarts confirms. bless you all
Wish I could have kept listening to this amazing interview but it's at a reasonably high level so I need to turn it off while I work. Otherwise I won't be working but I'll probably be able to test out of at least a lower level medical certification after listening to this knowledge bomb! Please keep doing this, some of us are just nerdy enough to understand these things as you explain them at the molecular level and we'll do our best to help others with the knowledge you provide us with. I've purchased a copy of Dr. Lustig's book already and will probably grab a copy of Dr. Johnson's as well. Thank you! Also please do that paper together, you may save millions from these terrible neuro-cognitive outcomes.
0:00: 🧪 Researchers discuss their backgrounds and how they got interested in studying fructose and its effects on the body. 6:27: 🍎 Fructose is a major driver of obesity and metabolic syndrome, and it acts independently of calories. 13:11: 🧠 Fructose may be a key factor in the development of Alzheimer's disease due to its role in inducing insulin resistance in the brain. 19:48: 🧠 Fructose can lead to insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation in the brain, which are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. 26:35: 🍎 Fructose consumption can lead to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting certain areas of the brain and depleting neuronal energy. 33:43: 🧠 Fructose consumption leads to a drop in ATP levels in cells, which is a key factor in the development of Alzheimer's disease. 40:42: 🍏 Fructose consumption can disrupt the barriers in the intestine, leading to leaky gut and various health issues. 48:26: 🍎 Fructose, processed food, and metabolic syndrome are linked to the hyper immune response in COVID-19 patients. 55:17: 🍺 The discussion highlights the similarities between alcohol addiction and sugar addiction, and the potential role of fructose in triggering cravings. 1:02:27: 🍬 The speaker believes that reducing sugar intake could potentially decrease violence in society. Recap by Tammy AI
A lot of people have been waiting to see these two guys together! Amyloids is to the brain what cholesterol is the arteries?? At the scene of the crime but not of themselves the cause?
Cholesterol is not the villain big pharma has lead you to believe. Statins are pure evil and you should not listen to doctors that push them. Educate yourself please 🙏 Dr Allen Davis has a small channel and responds to most of the comments if you have questions.
Its interesting listening to 2 brilliant doctors have a conversation but as a laymen I wanted more practical info. WHat are you saying about eating fruit? And simple carbs?
I came to the conclusion that the lack of civility and some of what we are seeing in society in regards to impulsivity and bad behaviour is being fueled by our poor diet. Children are the canaries in the coal mine in this regard. When you are having children with all sorts of ADHD and neurologic disorders you are seeing the seedlings of more societal problems in its infancy.
All this is fascinating... But on the practical context, my dad is 79, he has type 1 diabetes, Parkinsons and vascular dementia, but still doing ok. He is tall and thin, talking walks by himself and eats little bit of everything ( home cooked meals). Can anyone please tell me, in regard of his dementia and all, what is he supposed to eat exactly?
I figured out I was prediabetic and put myself on a diabetic diet! I was having a lot of memory issues! Now I can tell I am gaining my memory and cognitive function back. I graduated at 50 with s dual masters degree MBA and Graduate Accounting Degree. While working full time. I know my mental capacity so when my memory started slipping something was terribly wrong. I swear by High protein low glycemic diet! And you must exercise!!! Keep your muscles strong because they use the glucose we eat! Also the brain is the #1 user of the glucose we eat! Learn new stuff, drive a new way to where your going try new foods and recipes anything new and stimulating will help keep your brain growing instead of die-ing.
Thank you so much for this podcast. I think Dr. Lustig is a genius. I’ve had the good fortune to have a top functional doctor here in Los Angeles since 2005 and was tested for Lepin way back then. My numbers were sky high and he said no fructose of any kind. My Leptin and normalized. Even my doctor who is thin and in good shape does not eat fruit except for wild blueberries so there you have it. Love Dr. Lustig ❤
This is just an aside, but I LOVE how these two gentlemen are nerding out over this, and I am oh so grateful to them for sharing with us, this vital information.
Interesting what he said about increased water consumption helping decrease the the effects from fructose. I know that when I'm hungry and having cravings, often a glass of water will completely take away my hunger and my cravings. I think sometimes I'm dehydrated without even knowing it, and what a difference a glass of water will make then!
Though the society at large have so much information to be healthier than ever, but still the majority the US population still sticking to SAD diet even though the evidence is overwhelming causing all the metabolic disorders & premature deaths. These two distinguished physicians have done so much in researching & gathering data for the betterment of public health. Most importantly they take the lion share of the credits for exposing fructose negative impacts on our metabolic health. Kudos to their dedication & relentless health advocacy efforts all these years 👏🏾
Great discussion! I had to listen to it more than once because it's packed with so much information. Thanks you both so much for all of your research and outreach to inform.
my youngest sister was a size 22 when she was 20. Somehow she came to the conclusion that fructose was the problem so she cut out all fruits from her diet. twenty years on she still never eats fruit, just eats lots of vegetables and she has been a size 12 since she cut out the fruit. It made me realise we don't need to eats 5 fruits a day and that it could be a dietary problem to do so. Even though I don't have her fructose metabolism problems now I only eat fruits in season straight from the tree. If there are no fruits in season I don't eat them.
Genius! Wonderful covo, such intelligence!! Rich is especially humble behind tremendous scientific knowledge: nothing is a fact, it is still a hypothesis
Amazing. The information presented by Dr's Lustig and Johnson should be required reading for anyone concerned about their health and lifespan. Medical Doctors and Health officials like food "scientists" at USDA should especially understand these facts about sugar and fructose. HFCS should be banned.
Thanks a lot to both outstanding doctors and researchers ... you make the world a better place health-wise, and so many things you helped us understand better; thanks to Levels as well 👍🎉
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I’ve listened to both of these guys and Jerry, Schulman and others, and I find myself going back and listening again and again and again. I’m passionate about all of this work and I get it yet. I still find I need to go back for so many of these things to get the nuance. I wish doctors in the western world could become enlightened. I’m a Cardio Thoracic surgeon with the background in biochemistry and molecular biology. I’ve shifted my whole career to treatment of disease and wellness through cell biology or metabolism or whatever you’re supposed to call it the results are astounding and the reason I can get results is because I listen to people like this.
All I can say is, Thank God this is finally being revealed/discovered/researched/published/etc. Bless you both and all your associates. I want to give all studying this the Nobel Prize times 100.
Drs. I deeply respect your work. You are basically proposing that regardless of what you do, everything in the end converts into fructose. Fructose is really bad. Glucose??? That’s supper bad. And the results cause diseases that nobody should want. What do you suggest that we eat given that fructose is also a component of sucrose along with glucose?
@molarfourteen6690 None of this is correct.
Our bodies run on glucose, which we can create ourselves. We don't need dietary glucose, but it's not inherently bad. Fructose is the bad one, and we should eat very little of it.
What should you eat? A low sugar diet. More specifically, a low sugar, minimally processed diet. Just eat real food, and keep the sugar down.
@@molarfourteen6690 I think you have it backwards. Fructose is super bad, causing fatty liver & insulin resistance. Liver has to convert Fructose into glucose, roughly half of it can be converted. Same with protein to glucose. Every cell uses glucose.
But yes, too much glucose is obviously a bad thing also
Don't get too excited, pharma will continue to fight against anything better than their useless dangerous drugs.
@@molarfourteen6690 that's easy. Eat fat and protein then yr liver will only produce enough blood sugar. If you don't you overload yr system causing all sorts of problems including diabetes, heart failure. Lowering of hormones but increasing Leptin in fatties.
Interesting connection between alcoholism and fructose. When an alcoholic takes one drink the craving starts for more, and at the same time, that first drink begins to shut down the part of the brain that can say, "No more - I've had enough." So it's off to the races for more alcohol. How do I know? Well, I am an alcoholic. Don't worry, I'm sober a little over thirty-six years. But the strange thing I've noticed in sobriety is I would then do with sugar, the same as I did with alcohol. Eat one cookie, or one chocolate/peanut butter cup, and I crave more, and more - keep eating until I feel sick. When I stopped all sweets, the sugar cravings stopped too.
sugar is like alcohol. I wouldnt put fruits under it. because fruits contain nutrients, like anti oxidants pectines, fiber. However Dont eat to much fruit in one sitting either cuz thats not good
Dose determines the poison over time.
Both of the replies are missing his point. His comment wasn't nutrition related, it was more so about the fact that a couple bites or sips of alcohol and then the flood gates open, almost to a point where some people can't control it.
In that sense, for some people it would make sense to avoid certain fruits depending on where their mind and physiology is at.
These comments alone have brought tears to my eyes. I volunteered for Alzheimers with my husband for 5 years until I saw symptoms in him. I follow these Drs and think they are right on and with Dr Bredesen deserve a Nobel prize. God Bless you and your work! Continue this wonderful progress you are making in your research!
Alzheimer’s is Diabetes III.
High omega 6 seed oils is the larger silent factor few want to speak about...
@@mineralchiefYes, absolutely. I think it's a WAY bigger problem.
Two wonderful physicians, Dr Lustig saved my life! He is a very brave man taking on some very powerful industries and politicians! Dr Johnson is also a amazing researcher.
I feel exactly the same way. Lustig is a hero! He saved my life!
I was talking with a prison warden and he stated that sugar intake brought on more fights in prison and restricted sugar intake had less violence.
I have seen a video that said communists have been working to break families apart over many decades in an effort to take over/rule over us. I think that selling fructose in many foods is a part of this. This way they make lots of money because everyone is so sick.
That’s interesting and probably has consequences for wider societal behaviour, especially amongst the young as they eat so much rubbish.😊
Interesting
@@TermiteVideoب😅
Macrobiotic diet/ Michio Kushi - had positive results in prison diet change too
OK, people, these incredible gentlemen have done the heavy lifting. Now, it's up to all of us to share this with our doctors, our families, and our friends throughout the world. Blanket the earth with this information, get hard copies made, buy the books, whatever works for you, and let's go! Spread it like a pandemic. It's the least you can do to thank them for their work .
Fascist, eating flesh and dairy is way worse.
It’s too bad there wasn’t some government agency, who would JUMP on a cure like this, and continue to fund a study to find the cures needed! If only there were a group of doctors who would help ACTUALLY heal. The chances of this getting past the USDA and big pharma, is about the same as the USDA and big pharma coming together for the good of mankind! They will NEVER allow this info to be allowed to dismantle their money hungry machinery.
Heavy hitters ! Amazing that I can sit on my couch and listen to these guys….
Absolutely; I can never have enough!
Was the correlation between uric acid level n Covid symptoms independent of the confounding factor of fructose?!
Me too! ❤
I’m a nurse practitioner. I’ve read Lustig’s book “Metabolical…” and have definitely changed the way I do practice and think. I need to get the “Nature Wants Us Fat” book and see the dots he connects. This talk now has me wanting to work with Lustig on legislation in Louisiana as we definitely are ranked horribly compared to the other 50 states.
Those living in Southern States along the Mississippi have the highest level of Glyphosate in their tissues (blood included)...which binds minerals and micronutrients that the Critical Metabolic Enzyme, AMP-K, requires (requires for both production of AMP-K and for the FUNCTION of AMP-K).
RoundUp based farming is killing Agriculture...and likely killing us DIRECTLY as well.
Ongoing Studies will reveal the truth of this - or not - in the next 3 - 5 years.
Meanwhile... word needs to get out to STOP ingesting Fructose that isn't in FRESH FRUITS. (Fruit juices with little fiber are poisons).
Carnivore diet is best for body processing and inflamation I found the body absorbs most of meat checkout DR Anthony Chaffee. Cures most inflamation desease. Its the natural human diet. no processed food.
Good for you!!! If you can make a difference via your career path, you are an angel!
It's simple put your patients on proper human diet of red meat and eggs and butter and watch what happens. Try it yourself first. This kinda discussion is so behind because we've known for decades and a century that diabetes is cured by removing Carbohydrates and Dr Salisbury was curing pretty much everything with hamburger and water diet, then Atkins eats curing diabetes, obiecity and cardiovascular disease with his diet
It's only corruption that we have these problems. Pharma fights all cures to that it can.
P😅😮😢
I am diabetic at 62. I started taking my blood glucose testing 2 hours after eating because I knew something was affecting my brain and I thought it was from what I was eating. I did this straight for 2 weeks. My MD then calls me to tell me my lab results show I was diabetic. I told her I already new that and already changed my Diet. She asked how did you know? I said I googled my symptoms and then put myself on a diabetic diet. I’ve been in my new diet about a month now. I totally cut out all grains and all nuts because they really bothered me and raised my blood sugar. I also cut out all fruits but strawberries and blueberries. I don’t eat any beans cause they really jack up my blood sugar. I feel so much better now and my memory is getting better! This is my third round with blood sugar issues. #1 gestational diabetes with 2nd pregnancy at 27 #2 pre-diabetes when I went into menopause and gained a lot of weight #3) aging! I am now 63 and my body is slowing down. Now I walk 2-5 miles a day to keep my muscles strong 💪 work off the glucose I eat even on a low glycemic diet. I walk right after eating even if it’s only 15 min. I can feel my digestion process what I just ate!
Thank you gentlemen, both of you. I’m living example and proof that you both are on the very right track regarding the role of fructose in the metabolic sindrome and the insulin resístance proceses. Living with dmt2 for 8 years now, 6 of those without any medication whatsoever thanks to your work mostly I’m feeling better now then almost ever before. Keep up the good work you are saving countless lives.
Great job! Keep it up 😊 and be sure to strength train with cardio too. Diet alone still leaves anyone in mediocre metabolic health, and still at high risk of many chronic diseases
Yeah? I have fruits every day and had lost 15 poundsA1D had dropped from 6.0 to 5.3. No doubt, this habit it will one day turn my brain into swiss cheese, but I don't know what your problem is..
Constantly rewinding and taking notes! Geeze this is outstanding! I could listen to these 2 forever!
What an enlightening and confirming conversation between two people whose work I have come to appreciate and respect over the past 3 years of my own journey away from highly processed foods and towards more understanding of what is taking place at the cellular level in my own body. As a 75 yr old lady from western Canada, I treasure the learning opportunities offered on channels such as this. The fructose connections are worthy of our attention, and I look forward to hearing more conversations and exchanges of information from both of you learned people.
I am not in the medical field, but I am a scientist so I can follow some of what you are saying. I was always told that carbohydrates eventually become glucose, that fructose early on goes to glucose, and that sugar Is glucose. Is this true? You are referring to fructose as sugar that causes bad things to happen in the body and that glucose is not as harmful with respect to mitochondria. 22:12 The diet I am on (Weight Watchers) restricts carbohydrates (breads and starches) and fats (meats and dairy). It allows unlimited vegetables and fruit. They have a point system for everything that goes into the body. Then they give you a point limit. Vegetables and fruits have zero points. I am losing weight for health reasons and one of those health components is neurological health. That is the most important to me after seeing my father get dementia. Should I restrict the fruits also? Do all fruits have the same amount of fructose as a percentage of their bulk? Thank you.
Oh hell, now we know why God told Adam and Eve to not eat the apples! 😝
@@MarieJackson-sp3be Apples (I'm fussy about the kind) and pineapple and berries are the only fruits I care for and not often. I'm a salt addict. Sugar holds no interest; however, I have to peruse every label to avoid sugar, canola oil etc. 'cause they put it in just about everything!
Very inspiring. I took copious notes and typed them up. I hope you both continue to reach out to the public via UA-cam or other media.
❤ what an honour to be able to listen to these two GIANTS. You want to capture and remember every word said. 👏
Agreed.
Absolutely fascinating talk. Anecdotally whenever I eat fruit I get hungry even though I include it in my grams of daily carbs. With a family history of dementia and at the I am 65 I do not want to go down the same route. I subscribe to the idea that fruit is nature's candy. Incidentally since going low carb/keto I have lost 124lbs and am now in remission with diabetes and off all medication. And my blood sugars are in the 73 to 100 range depending on my food choices.
At the age I am
❤ awesome
Congratulations! I've lost 40 lb going low carb/keto. It's so true about fruit making you hungry. Apples, especially, make me hungry.
@leeleeturn Apple's and pears for me and haven't had a grape or banana in over 2years.
did you know that most fruit is/was derived in a lab, good example is the banana or the many different varieties of apples.
I am one who thinks not only Dr Lustig and Johnson carry on with more but with this impactful discussions. Maybe a series combining their respective specialties. This is one of the most important discussions on here. Thank you so much!
Anyone who has ever gone to an AA meeting can see the sugar alcohol sugar connections. All you have to do is observe the number of spoonsfull of sugar that is added to the coffee
Sugar (and carbohydrates) are highly addictive. The carb addiction doc has a successful channel and practice focused on treating food addiction. Lab rats prefer sugar over highly addictive narcotics like cocaine and most humans come out of the womb with sugar addiction (thanks to the diets of mom and dad)
@@johnmartinsen963 Is that Dr. Cywes?
Vr
we are so lucky to live in an era of infinite, accessible wisdom!!!
thanks you, Levels.
What a super team! Hope to hear more of these conversations.
At first I thought you wrote, "What a sugar team!"
There was a TV series years ago in the UK, called "The Man Who Made Us Fat", it detailed the development of the process of obtaining fructose from Corn Syrup. This dramatically reduced the cost of sweetening foods, and led to a large increase in the consumption of sugars. In a later series on BBC Radio, the presenter mentioned that Fructose was processed by our bodies differently from Sucrose; with Fructose being largely converted to fat. The point made in this presentation about Bears gorging fruit before hibernation occured to me too after hearing the BBC program. It got me thinking that humans have probably evolved to convert fruit into fat to see them through the lean winter months. That fruit is now available 365 days of the year, and that so many foods & drinks are sweetened with Fructose, is probably the nub of the problem. While Photobiomodulation (PBM) is being used with some success to address the mitrochondria problems, the real solution must surely be to control Fructose consumption. Here's another thought. Vitamin D is fat soluble, but in higher Latitudes we cannot make Vitamin D in the winter months. So is the evolutionary role of carrying extra fat into winter as a food stuff, also have a role in carrying a store of Vitamin D through winter?😮
Interesting point!!
Only thing is though that fruitarians are the skinniest people on the planet. NOT saying fruitarianism is good, bcs it's a horrible diet, but fruit doesn't necessarily make anyone fat. I actually gained 20 pounds on carnivore and I have now lost that after reintroducing fruits, fruit juices, honey and milk. Still not saying that eating those things are beneficial, but I couldn't sleep on carnivore and I constantly ran on stresshormones. Still trying to find a way to be able to do low carb/keto/carnivore but so far I haven't succeeded bcs my body just freaks out. (I have done carnivore for about 15 months in total plus low carb for atleast as long so it's not like I gave up after a week or two.😅)
Very insigtful post! 😊
Every body is different! If you have pre-diabetes / diabetes then your body cannot process carbohydrates!!!! As we age (I am 63) our body losses it’s ability to push glucose into the muscles, that’s why exercise is so effective because we are mechanically doing what the body no longer can- transfer if glucose out of the bloodstream into the muscle fiber for immediate use. Exercise as much as you can then exercise some more. Remember glucose affects your brain functions! Keep a sharp mind through a fit body💪 🏃🏼♀️
@@cammieklund, yes Americans are obese because they eat too much fruit 😅
Absolutely loved this podcast. Listened to it twice. We need more of these conversations
Wow. So much mind-blowing content! I thoroughly enjoyed listening to these two experts cover not only the well supported science, but also to get a glimpse into their thoughts about the potential for future discoveries and even public policy implications to this research. Thanks so much for sharing with us!
Fantastic podcast. A lot to learn on it. My gratitude for you both gentlemen. Thank you very much for this.
I have listened attentively to this interview twice in a row! Amazing scientists and amazing information! Thank you so much for sharing it all in such a understandable lay people language!
In case Lustig or Johnson are reading this: please research "high dose alithiamine" - it could play a HUGE role in AD and metabolic dysfunction. Why? The mitochondria use up thiamine to process glucose to ATP conversion. When the thiamine is used-up the mitochondria can't produce enough ATP - especially in the brain.
I'm saying this because I have started taking high-dose allithiamine and notice less fatigue (in my gym sessions) and I can now remember which locker, in the gym, I put my clothes. I am 74, slightly diabetic (WAS, I hope), slim, I closely track my eating and health and allithyamine is REMARKABLE and imo plays a huge role in AD and metabolic health. The RDA is stupidly low and SAD uses up what little we have leaving our mitochondria in brain and muscles on "life support" - lol. Richard and Rob - please look into this, you (and me) won't be sorry, promise.
Sugar doesnt allow thiamines absorption...yep
Wernicke- Korsakoffs encephalopathy
Look into melatonin. Researchers are taking 100mg to 3 grams daily
My poor high school educated brain at 68-years-old needs to see this again to get it all in. Thank you both for your enlightening insights.
That's all right, a lot of young students could sit through it 2X and still not get it all.
At least your brain has not been contaminated by social engendering and indoctrination preached in our liberal schools of "higher learning"
Great conversation! I could listen to both of you for hours. I always learn something new from Dr Lustig. Now I need to dig down the Dr Johnson rabbit hole.
Guys, this was one of the best content ever I have stumbled across YT... please make some more debates and THANK YOU
Thank you for this. I have see you, Dr. Lustig, in several video. What makes this a cut above your other appearances, is the careful, calm, non-confrontational manner of your discussion.
Two liner summary:
- High salt in the environment is the metabolic signal for an incoming drought and high fructose in the environment is the metabolic signal for an incoming winter.
- Evolutionarily it made sense, but nowadays we have, too much and too often, access to those signals, thus creating all sorts of problems.
I encourage everybody to listen to this podcast several times and memorize the metabolic pathway. This is truly revolutionary, you certainly deserve a Medicine Nobel Prize. We have to support these true scientists (instead of those paid by the food industry).
Thank you so much for sharing this as a podcast!
High salt intake could contribute only if you are a SAD follower.
Low carb diets required an increase consumption of salt.
Interestingly, those eating more unprocessed foods tend to live longer despite eating more salt.
@@Ceciliaseg64 Yes, thanks. In both cases the mechanism works in combination with increased foraging of fructose.
Historically fruit came around once a year. We foraged fruits and ate till the fall then we stopped for several months ... not including modern preserving techniques. Gave the body something a little extra for the winter.
It's possible to do a low fructose diet. I've done it for 5 months, lost 20 Kgs already. Thanks Dr. Johnson for the knowledge. Read the book, really eye opening. People need to understand this metabolic mechanism and act on it.
"It's possible to do a low fructose diet" There is not much fructose in meat and butter 🤣🤣🤣🤣
@@btudrusalso doing your diet. But not everybody wants to leave behind all things non animal
@@btudrus true! I'm eating fruits though. Less than 8 grams per serving of fructose as Johnson adivices, still losing weight. Also a couple of other hacks (eating salad first) are working well.
@@abe_duarteow many grams of fructose in total a day is still safe according to Dr Johnson? Bcs I still need some fruits in my diet bcs my body just goes into complete stressmode on carnivore and I can't sleep.
I don’t understand. Why not just quit eating all fructose? It’s a simple as that. Don’t lie to yourself. Sooner or later those addicted to sugars quit. One funeral at a time.
So very interesting. My grandfather died with Alzhemier's. His daughter, my mother, craves fruit and is not attracted to many other foods. She has definitely been showing for decades a change in her cognitive abilities, and her brilliant brain has been disappearing. My sisters personality at 50 years of age has changed so dramatically, I can't even have a relationship with her anymore. She had the worst brain fog or baby brain during her only pregnancy I have ever seen. She would write herself notes to remember something, and she would then, in a few mins time, forget she wrote herself a note. She couldn't shop because she had no way of knowing what she needed once she walked out the door. Sometimes, she couldn't remember why she was going out the door. Is baby brain a warning for the future?
I have always known as an adult,😅 certain fruits and particular varieties of fruit within a family can send me into strong shaking. Then, it sets off horrible sensations through the body. Everything started to improve at 50 for me with the removal of added sugar and almost no fruit. Metabolic issues are under control, and no drugs are required for anything. Arthritis is better. Graves is silent. Sleep is much better. Anxiety is mostly gone. Lumps in one breast have stayed silent. I can eat a handful of berries in a smoothie, but I'm not attracted to fruit otherwise. Since sugar in general was removed, brain fog lifted dramatically and noticeably. I couldn't remember a phone number repeated to me, but now I don't struggle with remembering a series of numbers. I knew fructose was an issue for me, but I now don't feel guilty about not having more than the handful of berries each day. As a family, we seem to have a genetic liver condition. Apart from my sister and a cousin, the rest of us can't drink. It might as well be poison the way we feel and family members die with fatty liver disease, and it's not alcohol related . Can't get Drs to believe us. I can close my eyes where I'm sitting and go to sleep within minutes of starting to consume alcohol. Such a strong reaction. Also, Im not attracted to alcohol. It's all so very interesting. Ask me about how, after having a very bad lengthy case of Covid at Christmas, my whole brain and health have improved again. Don't know anyone else who has had a positive experience from covid.
My wife recently died from FTD, the dementia that Bruce Willis has. She had been addicted to pep-o-mint lifesavers since I first met her in the 70s and would always be sucking on one. She used them as a psychological crutch to avert panic attacks, and no doubt she was addicted to the sugar.
I had severe brain fog going through menopause during my mid 50's. 10 yrs later, I feel great. I cut sugar (eat berries now and then), cut out white flour, rice, noodles. I've had covid and did nothing one way or another for my brain, but did attack my nervous system.
Best wishes for your health.
Worked on a locked Alzheimer's unit and everyone who would eat always gravitated towards sugar.
Never heard of “baby brain.”
@@SYWYRD Why did people let them have it? So many residential facilities for seniors serve high sugar/high carb diets. Those creating the diets are woefully uneducated. Or, they just don’t care because carbs are cheap.
Absolutely a must-watch video, which I need to watch again because of all the amazing information…. Thank you for sharing!
Marvelous discussion, gentlemen. Thank you. My mother has early dementia. Unfortunately, she consumed fruit juices for most of her life. This is greatly discouraged now.
I really appreciate hearing this from two amazing old guys like me! I'm praying that someone with more influence over the younger generations will share the same messages 🙏
This was an absolute treat, watching your discussion. You clearly both enjoy bouncing ideas off each other and sharing ideas together. Research besties! 😁❤️
I am curious if being a person who is naturally low dopamine is correlated with sugar addiction and metabolic risk. I actually went to my doctor a few years ago because I read about Dr. Lustig’s work and tried to go cold turkey on sugar in my diet. The result was massive cravings and persistent low mood. I have always eaten a broadly very healthy diet - a low level of ultra processed food. When I consumed fructose, it would usually be in fruit (which I love), one sugar added to tea maybe once a day, a few squares of chocolate and an occasional ‘blow out’ sugary coffee shop drink. I was miserable without these treats, to the point that I panicked about my mental health. This was the first time I realised that I probably have low dopamine levels and have some adapted strategies to ‘boost’ my mood throughout the day. The other two main strategies are a) buying clothes and shoes, which also clearly brings a dopamine hit. I buy far more than I need, but have a low income, so I usually buy vey cheaply or second hand. This has meant it’s not a financial problem, and I didn’t identify it as a problem or dopamine-driven behaviour until I had the lightbulb moment. My local charity shop loves me! And b) interacting with my cat, which I find so calming and and rewarding that I seriously believe he functioned as a therapy animal for me.
So I ended up at my doctors asking what I should do - eat some sugary treats and bear the physiological consequences or exert steel will and feel permanently miserable. He told me to eat the chocolate. I also suffer from CFS (after viral illness at age 18) but am highly active relative to most people with the condition, including working full time. I also have a medical history which indicates other immune dysfunction. So I suspect I use sugar (and caffeine!) as props when my CFS symptoms are making it challenging to function. Sometimes a sugary drink would be the only thing to get me functional in the morning, when brain fog was intense, layered with a migraine-type headache. I would suddenly feel MUCH better.
But back to the topic of dopamine. I had a very unusual symptom during Covid infection. My body appeared to handle Covid well, I was better within 5 days and had a low fever initially and flu type symptoms. I was vaccinated. What was interesting was that during the two week run up to symptoms showing, I was absolutely wiped out, had very low mood, and was about to go to the doctors because I knew something was wrong. Then, during the first three days of being symptomatic, I had sustained and relentless low grade cramps or contractions in the muscles in my legs. I had to walk around frequently to alleviate how uncomfortable it was. My back muscles occasionally cramped too, but it was relentless in my calves. When I tried to find out about what caused this symptom, I found some information saying processes of muscle control in the brain may be responsible, and that low dopamine may be related. I’d had a blood test done maybe two years prior and that found no abnormalities except vitamin D deficiency, and I’d been taking D3 supplements since so it’s unlikely that was a factor.
So yeah, I’m really interested in whether low dopamine might drive sugar consumption. And if this is the case, what can people with low dopamine do instead to help manage symptoms. I know exercise is a good option, but CFS and full time work mean I have periods in which I simply don’t have the energy to do it. And those periods, when I struggle to function, tend to be really rough.
I’m absolutely sure low dopamine is the reason for addictions and cravings. Many years ago I had a boyfriend who was addicted to long distance running. A now passed Swedish writer was addicted to intense dancing and love/sex.
I believe it’s possible to choose addictions that are beneficial or at least not harmful. You learn your addictions and behaviours. Nobody enjoys the first drink or the first cigarette. 🇸🇪
Thank you, Drs Lustig and Johnson! If you could see me here at home scribbling your thoughts into my notebook, you would smile! 😃
This is the sort of deep dive I look forward to. Do another!
This was very interesting to listen to. I’ve read and enjoyed the books from you both of you. Thanks for this.
Gratitude for the pasion of this two doctors, they real love medicine and people ❤❤❤
OUTSTANDING information. The rabbit hole is deep on this one. Really intriguing theory at the end. Time for "Sugar is Violence" t-shirts. haha
Thank You gentlemen, for your insight into metabolic syndrome. The knowledge I have gained over several months has truly helped me to understand how to control my T2 diabetic condition (even though I am slim) .
I just need to confirm that I am perhaps not producing enough insulin, rather than being insulin resistant - but getting that blood diagnosis from my local clinic is an up hill struggle (they seem set in a conventional wisdom that does not consider new evidence that is being brought to our attention by your good work).
Thank you so much!
Another thing that lowers the ATP production by essentially clogging the electron transport chain is linoleic acid. So seed oils. Equally bad, if not worse, as fructose.
Fascinating discussion!
This has opened a whole new personal research path.
I’m buying both books.
Eye opening discussion! Question: does the fructose in fruits do the same thing and to the same degree? ie. does excessive fruit intake cause this problem as well as processed fructose sources?
That’s easy. In fruits there is also cellulose and contains of fructose is not much high as in a soda drink. And usually we eat one apple (glass of apple juice contain fructose from 5 apples).
The fiber and some other phytochemicals in the fruits reduce the effect the fructose has on the body and like has been said before, the amount of fructose in actual fruit is typically less than the amounts in sodas and fruit juices, but still it’s the same chemical and it will basically exert the same effect - just less strongly. So you’re better off eating lots of vegetables and a bit of fruit than the other way around.
@30:00 Dr. Lustig provides an excellent, quick rundown of how fructose metabolism fatally short-circuits cellular energy production. For those needing its gist in written format:
_Given ATP ADP AMP || ATP AMP (adenosine tri-, di- or mono-phosphate), with ATP being the "charged battery," used for powering all cell tasks, and AMP, the "completely discharged battery":_ The enzyme *_5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase,_* _AMPK,_ utilizes AMP as an incitatory signal during times of high cellular energy expenditure (=> too little ATP versus AMP activates AMPK). AMPK is made of three sub-units: α, β, γ, with its active site lying within the γ-subgroup, which contains an "exposed" amino acid, _arginine._
*HOWEVER, an intermediate metabolite of fructose, **_methylglyoxal, MGO,_** has an exposed aldehyde unit which fits into AMPK's γ-subgroup. With this aldehyde, MGO will lock itself into AMPK by binding to that γ-subgroup's arginine. This destroys AMPK's functionality, turning it into molecular junk.*
Loss of AMPK's activity leads to metabolic failures of many types, only one of which is by turning off the signaling for the cell to produce more mitochondria, in order to ramp up the production of ATP.
*Without sufficient ATP to power all the eukaryotic cell's tasks, that cell will be underproductive, non-productive, it fail to reproduce, or it will just die.*
For more on *the huge number of metabolic effects AMPK has (and the metabolic dangers posed by sugar/fructose by disabling it),* see Wikipedia's article on "AMP-activated protein kinase", particularly with its reference to _Winder WW, Hardie DG (July 1999). "AMP-activated protein kinase, a metabolic master switch: possible roles in type 2 diabetes". _*_The American Journal of Physiology._*_ 277 (1): E1-10. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.1.E1. PMID 10409121_
Notes -mostly for myself,
INTRO:
Fructose in animal studies: 1) induced insulin resistance systemically, mitochondrial dysfunction (reducing ATP level), and caused inflammation. (Similar to what was going on in the brain)
Paradox - little fructose gets to the brain (the liver gets most of it) , so how could it be driving disease in the brain??
Dr Richard Johnson, a nephrologist, - did these studies in animals with fructose. He wanted to study the role of uric acid in HTN. The kidney regulates salt excretion and associated hypertension issues. Uric acid was correlated with HTN. They didn;t think it caused HTN. They found that uric acid actually caused HTN. They raised uric acid levels (how? - just adding it to diet, or giving them fructose?) in rats caused high blood pressure.
WOndered next about why so many people in the population have high uric acid levels. They found that sugar or fructose could cause uric acid levels to increase. They did the study and fed animals (mice?) fructose and their uric acid levels went up,. And they got higher blood pressure. At the same time the animals got fat, fatty liver, and other aspects of metabolic syndrome . Used allopurinol to lower uric acid levels, and their blood pressure lowered. But surprisingly at the same time the animals got less fat, and got less fat in their liver, and less insulin resistance. This led him to wonder if Uric acid was actually causing all these aspects of metabolic syndrome. And since fructose was actually causing the raise in uric acid, he started studying fructose. And from there started learning about endocrinology and obesity! And Alzheimer’s too I guess.
5:00 Dr Lustig studying kids with brain tumors. 40 kids who had become massively obese. Hypothalamic obesity (due to damage to that part of the brain). They had sky high leptin levels. They were leptin resistance.
Leptin -discovered 1994- satiety hormone (?marker of long term energy stores, and is produced by adipose cells. Low leptin levels will lead to energy sparing response and increasing food intake/hunger and decrease in energy expenditure). Leptin resistance is associated iwth increased inflammation, auto immune issues, and increased susceptibility to bacterial infection, hyper insulin levels, fatty liver, low sex hormones (GNRH?). (Some of that from Pub Med)
Fat Rats have been found to have leptin resistance.
Dr Lustig - if you lesion part of the brain in rat (ventronemial something hypothalamus) it gets obese, but you can block that with cutting the vagus nerves. so that it can’t sense leptin, then it thinks the body is starving. The vagus nerve then sends a message to the pancreas to release insulin. If you cut the vagus nerve, then you block the weight gain.
They used a drug that suppressed insulin to these 40 obese children iwth hypothalamic obesity , they not only lost weight. They also became more physically active. The kids started to feel less brain fog, and had more motivation to run around and play and be active.
The behavior of “slothfulness” of obesity is biochemically driven (not laziness or a moral failing), and it has a lot to do with insulin. Not just for these kids, but for others in the world with obesity.
SO why do others have high insulin if they dont have a brain tumor….
9:30. Invited to talk about toxins in world at NIH conference. Looked at diseases children were getting that had not gotten in the past, these would be a sign of toxins in the environment. THey were fatty liver disease and DM2. He noticed in his biochemistry text book, that these were the diseases of alcohol, but he noticed the pathways for alcohol and fructose were similar (“exactly the same”:). He proposed fructose was the environmental obesigen driving metabolic syndrome epidemic in children. (Obesity, type 2 diabetes, etc). They all agreed Fructose was a Toxin. :). (At least in the bathroom)
12:00. Fructose get metabolized like a calorie. But uric acid is due to ATP levels falling inside the cell. (AMP gets made into uric acid?). Animals were eating more when given fructose. Leptin levels were high but they were leptin resistance. Realized obesity is likely leptin resistance. They showed fructose induced leptin resistance in teh brain, but a high fat diet alon did not. They realized that FRUCTOSE made animals eat more, causing more weight gain.
If they kept the calories constant (in these fructose fed mice) , then they didn’t gain much weight, but still got fatty liver!! And visceral fat. Etc…. Fructose was driving metabolic syndrome independent of calorie intake, but that it was also driving increased calorie intake too.
15:00. Fructose and Alzheimer’s link
Dale and Stan prusner …. Dr Lustig’s pet theory about why sugar may be a possible cause of Alzheimer’s disease. He asks Dr Robert Johnson to summarize why fructose may be a bad buy in the brain/
Alzheimer’s affects parts of the brain that are also inhibited by fructose.
Tao protein aggregation - amyloid plaques - found in Alzheimer’s. Are the plaques causing ALzheimers or is it just an innocent bystander, or are both caused by the same thing? (There is also a 2002 paper id the plaques as the problem, had also some scandal involved, … are the plaques). ….
The plaques cant be the primary cause of Alzheimer’s.
3 key findings in early alzheimers
1) insulin resistance in the brain (some regions of the brain are insulin dependent. Most areas of brain do not require insulin) Brain diabetes
2). Neurons have mitochondrial dysfunction. (ATP levels fall early)
3) neural inflammation
There are tropic factors in teh brain : Estrogen can remodel synapses in the hypothalamus - Dr Lustig. The brain is plastic and trophic factors can affect what is going on in the brain. Insulin. Leptin. BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor). IF they are not working can cause synapses to fail…. Neural architecture can change.
Fructose in animals systemically cased the same issues that are found in early alzheimers. However, most fructose is removed in the liver and very little gets to the brain. So how can fructose be driving the disease in the brain?
Answer….. the body can make fructose via the polyol pathway. High glucose levels can lead to conversion of glucose to fructose in the brain. This has been shown to be true in humans, after about 40 minutes of high glucose levels in teh blood.. Salt also triggers the reaction of glucose to fructose. (Not just in the brain but also in other tissues)
So we are eating foods that are reading fructose levels in the brain.
Sugar intake, salty foods, high glycemic carbs are risk factors for cerebral atrophy. (And for raising fructose in the brain)
Lustig: Traumatic brain injury (and the small amount of ischemia produced ), and pregnancy, also lead to fructose production in the brain
Fructose can be converted to glycogen if you are glycogen depleted.
Lustig: Polyol pathway is the reason for cataracts. Glucose gets converted to sorbitol, an osmolite, and that then gets converted to fructose. (Missed something there 26:00 )
If you give fructose to a starving animal- it will convert it to glucose ,metabolize it and burn it for energy. (Missed, so I think)
If you give fructose to a fat animal - it will lower the atp, lead to eating more, and obesity. Insulin resistance.
Bears will eat fructose in teh fall, as way to gain weight, in preparation for hibernation.
Fructose will also stimulate the foraging behavior, which turns on parts of hte brain, and turns off other parts of the brain.
******The parts that are turned off in foraging are affected in alzheimers
The parts that are not affected or turned on in foraging, are okay or protected in alzheimers ********
To forage you must suppress the frontal CORTEX (for self control), inhibit the area for recent memory -hippocampus (so no fear of dangers where going)
Stimulates impulsivity.
29:00 Fructose works on the regions of the brain that are !!
The anterior Cingulate is stimulated by fructose. ALzheimers does not affect this area of the brain
Teh occipital cortex (needed for foraging), alzheimers does not affect this.
WHY does fructose do this>?
Enzyme AMP kinase, affects how neurons burn energy. It is a signal to the cell that there is a lack of energy. (ATP turns to ADP turns to AMP in very very low energy conditions. (This is an enzyme turned on by AMP, a signal of low energy ). This AMP kinase will put phosphate groups on other things. It will stimulate teh production of more mitochondria!!!!
AMP kinase has three sub unites. Alpha beta and gamma. The gamma subunit is where AMP binds. HOwever, there is a metabolite of fructose. MGO (methylgloxyl?) has an aldehyde on it that binds irreversibly to the AMP binding site. SO it takes the enzyme out of commission, irreversibly. SO FRUCTOse depletes our ability to generate new mitochondria due to hte production of hte MGO metabolite……
So maybe alzheimers is caused by fructose depleting energy levels in the neurons (due to prevention of more mitochondria, and also preventing existing mitochondria from being able to make ATP (in large enough amounts ).
DEPLETION IN NERUONAL
33:30. In animals they fructose and it inhibits AMP kinase :
Fructose creates oxidative stress that prevents the mitochondria from being able to make ATP, so atp levels in the cell drop.
Fructose metabolite prevents AMP kinase from being able to trigger the production of more mitochondria.
AMP Kinase is the rescue system for failing mitochondria
34:20 Uric acid also inhibits AMP kinase. So it drops the energy level in teh cell
THis is the signal to eat more and to forage. This is the foraging signal.
34:00
Alzheimers early signs - increased food intake and obesity.
To wrap up hypothesis - if give sugar (contains fructose) to animals, after 8 weeks they have trouble walking through a maze.
If you look in their brains you find insulin resistance, mito dysfunction, drop in BDNF, drop in ATP…
At 16 weeks they start to develop amyloid plaques and Tao protein.
Lustig: talked to Stan prussner (sp?). He said amyloid is in a different form before it becomes gunky . Intercellular amyloid peptide, in an alpha helix. IAPP (alpha helix form) requires energy to stay in alpha helix form, which is soluble. When energy in the cell drops, they alpha helices become beta sheets, and these tend to stick to each other. Causing plaques (almost like prions?) It’s a domino effect. Does one cause the other to fold incorrectly ?? This happens routinely in neurons when there is an energy problem!!
38:00
KEY issue; drop in ATP is key issue driving alzheimers
Only one nutrient in the cell drives low atp in the cell, and that is fructose
Fructose levels are 5-6 times higher in people with alzheimers than in age matched control. (Confirming)
39:00. Atp is the linchpin in teh story.
However, there is more to the story. GI literature.
Evanoff paper, came from lab in Israel.
High fat diet causes metabolic syndrome and alzheimers. But keto diet does not (which is highest fat). So what is happening at the level of the gut
the gut has three separate barriers in it.
41:00
Mucin layer
Tight junctions (like zonulins - in celiac disease)
Immunologic barrier
One major cell type - TH 17 cell, Makes IL-17. In order to maintain intestinal integrity.
Exposed animals to 1) regular diet. 2) high fat plus sugar diet. 3) high fat low to no sugar keto diet
IL-17 ok with all diets except high fat diet with some sugar added - the IL 17 was low, and there was leaky gut.
It is the sugar that causes the leaky gut syndrome
Fructose can disrupt tight junctions and cause gut leak.
TH 17. Pathway not looked at
PEANUT ALLERGIES - little children getting these more (anaphylactic reactions). Model of anaphylactic shock, antigens given to animals that he has disrupted the intestinal barrier by giving them cholera toxin. At suggestion of Dr RJ, he tried using fructose (or fruit juice) to see it would also cause gut leak and it also caused anaphylaxis. Didn’t do enough animals to publish.
Perhaps increase in anaphylaxis in children is due to feeding toddlers fruit juice.
It may also be specific micro organisms in the intestine. Group A strep - Tooth bacteria is step mutans - it love fructose. It has specific enzyme to preferentially eat fructose. It can do so more easily than other bacteria. These group a strep also live in intestines 0 and they create toxins. (Such as in Rheumatic fever, Pandas, Sydenham chorea??). All have neurological manisfestations. Becuase we fed the wrong bacteria the food they loved (fructose)
All different pathways of fructose causing havoc if taken in excess…. Roles in neurological disease, ADHD, bipolar , alzheimers, seizures, GI illness, and anaphylaxis. Its a major drive
Also - response to covid , the inflammatory response. The hallmark of long covid is low ATP from mitochondria, DECREASED mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. (Seen also in cancers…. Etc)
Lots of speculation from here on out
Who dies of covid? Groups who eat lots of processed high sugar foods. It’s not the virus that kills you. It’s the hyper immune response to the virus. The out of control immunological response .
There are brakes on the immune response. It does have a positive feedback cycle though, to get things out of the body (or killed). To get rid of the infection.
You do need to reign in the immune system, so you don’t have an atomic bomb! Covid death is lack of brakes on the immune response
If you give immune cells - fructose - it inhibits glutamine synthase - then immune markers of immune system go sky high.
High uric acid may be involved in that process also. Young people who died tended to have metabolic syndrome and obesity . Relationship with uric acid and poor outcomes. Uric acid is a marker of metabolic syndrome and poor diet. (Maybe, I missed)
Fructose can drive the Warburg effect. It is the perfect fuel for cancer cells. It’s also involved in alcoholism (?)
Fructose can be involved in so man processes. It seems there are too many diseases that it can be involved in. Can this be? But it seems to be so
Fructose is the ONLY nutrient that lowers the energy (ATP) in the cell. The energy goes directly into the fat directly. Get low ATP and high Fat. Metabolic syndrome, diabetes 2, and ALzheimers all have this same signature.
8 factors in Lustig’s view.
All components of metabolic syndrome , don’t have a drug treatment, all increasing in our societies that have adopted the SAD or wester diet, all are associated with mito dysfunction/.
Solution - reduce sugar dramatically.
Ways to block the glycemic response (casey?). Ways to make healthier choices
Addiction - another aspect/. The great spoiler.
Alcohol and fructose (and sugar) very addictive. 10% are chornic alcoholics. …. More stats that i missed.
You can consume a little alcohol and its ok. A lot is not ok. If you a re addicted you can’t consume a little
Sugar is the same. But some people can’t eat a little without eating a whole bunch. Addiction is the obstacle .
Not just for hte metabolic syndrome patient. Politicians needs to help with with in the same way that they helped iwth the tobacco industry. (But was int politicans? Or was it hte courts?). Maybe both.
DR RJ- when we give alcohol to animals. It triggered the polyol pathway and stimulates fructose production.
DRUG IDEA- making inhibitors to fructose. To reduce the craving to sugar, and also reduces the craving for alcohol. So craving for alcohol is also linked to craving for fructose. So low ATP in teh neurons may be causing the craving/
Dr monica deuce - neuroscientist. Thinks craving is in the tongue….
If you block the taste animals still get addicted to sugar. They will be addicted to fructose (but not to artificial sugars)
Are they getting atp depletion in the tongue???
Lustig- good news - we have the science. Turning it into public health policy is another story. But at least we have gotten away from calories and saturated fat, and have better science now.
They both have books that detail these processes.
Nature wants us to be fat - by Dr RJ … he does propose solutions :). It tried to teach waht foods drive this switch, and what foods counter the switch.
Hydration is a powerful tool for blocking fructose effects. Water intake is very beneficial. It supresses some of the mechanisms by which fructose drives obesity
Vasopressin also drive metabolic syndrome from fructose. Vasopressin is suppressed by water! People who are obese tend to have high vasopressin
Vasopressin - is a threat neurotransmitter. If we are turning vasopressin on by sugar consumption (??) then we think we are constantly under threat. - behavior or continued consumption
If we reduce sugar, can we solve some of violence of society today>
"Nature Wants Us To Be Fat", is a great title, and it validates people who their whole lives have been trying and ultimately failing to lose weight. By knowing how and why nature works lipogenically, then we can figure out how to get and stay slim. And it can be as simply as dropping the carbs, eating real food, and doing a bit of fasting. That's how I lost 45lbs.
Curious, when you say drop the carbs, like completely? I’m still consuming about 50 per day, and they are “good” ones, no processed junk.
@@davos6621 No. As long as you are eating your carbs in a natural way - with the fibre you won't spike insulin. Maybe oranges are a bit difficult, but most fruit should be safe in moderation, and stuff like a carrot will not harm. But a hole potato, or one saoked in fat is going to be unhealthy; chips, crisps, white rice, bread. Stuff made with flour is like rocket fuel. WHite powder like refined sugar and stuff made with flour hits the digestive system so hard that there are negative effects. Wheat itself has other problems too. Gluten is not just a problem for Celiacs, I avoid most carbs because whilst your body can live without them completely they are nonetheless hard to avoid completely.
It's much simpler for men to change their diet and lose weight. It's very difficult for women due to menstruating every 28 days. It's a lot more complicated for women. I know someone who eats very little sugar and is still overweight. I believe it's more of the gut health issue for women.
@@maryiced3931 Obviously it's not just sugar. Anything made of starch starts to turn to sugar as soon as it hits the saliva in the mouth. Food processing breaks down the natural structures in the food; flour is a white powder, and just like sugar anything made from it hits the digestive system hard.
Things like pasta, thin crust pizza and potato chips have a very slow blood sugar response. Two of those are fully permeated with grease which makes it really, really slow. Pasta is starch grains encased in protein and the protein must go before the starch is unleashed. These types of food are very annoying to type 1 diabetics; you cannot take insulin just once because it acts too fast; the slow insulin is way too slow. You’d have to use a continuous glucose monitor and take seceral small doses to correct.
dr lustig - reading metabolical now - can't put it down. wish it could be required reading in medical school👏👏👏
Thank you both Doctors!! You saved millions live !
Excellent discussion. Hope to hear more in the future.
Wow 😯 This is so interesting, I’m so grateful for UA-cam!!
I’ve been stripping 25 years. I’m utterly obsessed with health. Now I’m breaking into the trucking industry. My intention is to use T&A to inspire drivers to prioritize fitness and healthy cooking. This information is so valuable. Thank you deeply💚
Are TA Travel Centers still a thing? TA... T&A ... lol.
@@alexcarter8807 😂
We need a whole programme on feeding infants and children. It is alarming to consider the harm done by fruit juice, which as parents we have been encouraged to give to youngsters for decades. That is just one factor. What should we be feeding them daily? And how on earth can we teach them to resist the billion dollar industry that is geared up to pull them in to consumption of life limiting and life damaging poisons?
My grandson was fed formula. First ingredient? High fructose corn syrup. Result? 24 trips to the Dr or the ER, and monthly antibiotics during the first 8 months of his life.
Young children are indoctrinated to the sugars even after fruit juice with all the commercial high fructose cereals marketed to them like Sugar Frosted Flakes and Sugar Pops, two of my childhood favorites.
@@jodipokorski4354 Big Pharma loves it.
Grandkids are stil on juice boxes, their mother insists are healthy......yep, it's more than education, it's overcoming resistance.
Bravo gentlemen! Very insightful discussion, to say the least. This topic brings to mind the work of Dr. Perlmutter on uric acid. I can’t imagine the 3 of you together 😜😂😂
DR. PERLMUTTER piggybacked his book on the research of DR. RICHARD JOHNSON.
i love this discussion -- and how you are getting around to explaining more why fructose is problematic.
What a wonderful and thought provoking discussion. I am not a doctor or a scientist, but I have a strong interest in science. This episode held me all the way through. I could have listened to more! I have been having infrequent episodes of angina. I attribute all my medical ills over the years to suga, BUT I love everything with sugar. It is tough to quit! I switched to artificial sugar, and a year ago to Stevia. In Jan. I had excrutiating abdominal pain. I called an ambulance and had myself taken to the hospital My ALT and ALS were through the roof. With fasting, and cutting out all sugar and sugar subsitutes they went back to the reference range, which I am trying to get even lower. My wife is a big believer in saturated fat. I have fat around the middle. Never did I think I got that from saturated fat because I didn't have a lot of it. SUGAR IS MY PROBLEM. Now I learn that specifically, it is fructose. Does that mean I cannot eat fruit. which I have substituted for other foods with sugar?
All Fruit is Fructose, which is the worst form of sugar for humans. while its best to cut all fruits out to help heal the body , having a few berries which have the lowest amount of fructose/carbs of all fruits could be an option fo you, if you really desperately want some fruit. Raspberries blackberrys blueberrys strawberrys
Fresh fruit is fine because the fructose is not concentrated. Sugar, which is from the cane plant, is boiled down and concentrated. High fructose corn syrup is also concentrated about 100X. I believe it was Robert Lustig who said fresh fruit is not a problem because you cannot get enough fructose from it to cause problems. I do not know where she got it, possibly from Mayo Clinic, but my wife limits me to 3 servings of fruit per day because of sugar in general.
Don't eat fruit if you want to live healthier
@@francoiskleingeld6194 I have metabolic syndrome, I think. I Googled how much fruit I can have a day. It said 2-3 servings, or pieces of fruit. Fruit provide vitamins and minerals that are beneficial, and if you limit yourself, the liver will process the fructose and you will excrete it. It is when we eat loads of fructose, or anything, we run into problems. I was wondering if I would forever need to swear off cake and ice cream. The rule is, if you have not had sugar all day, and that is all you have, then the body can handle it. The liver is our toxic chemical filter to a point. After that, they do damage. That is what I have learned. I no longer have refined sugar, just one packet of Stevia from time to time if the fruit is not sweet enough. I am down to 1-2 packets per day. I also do not eat a plate full of carbs. I have been cutting pasta about 1:1or 1:2 with vegetables and my angina is better. It seems I was producing triglycerides which were making my blood thicker and when it got to the narrowed arteries was producing pain. That is my theory. With care, my longevity calculator says I will live to be 91. I intend to make it that far. Robert Lustig himself said pieces of fruit are not the problem because of fiber. He was not reccomending meal of it though. However, a small piece of fruit with each meal probably will not set anyone back and it is good for our addiction to sweets.
Carnivore diet is best for body processing and inflamation I found the body absorbs most of meat checkout DR Anthony Chaffee. Cures most inflamation desease.
Its the natural human diet. no sugar, no carbs, no processed food.
This is really amazing and high level podcast of two amazing professor. Proud of them. Everyone should listen to this podcast.
So no fruit at all? What about blueberries? Please advise if any fruits are okay. Do oats make fructose? What doesn't make fructose? Only meat? PLEASE tell us what to EAT.
Berries are fine. Fruit like apples, oranges & bananas have great fibre. But stay away from juices & smoothies.
Fiber is the antidote to moderate fructose content. Naturally existing fructose also contains its counterpart, fiber.
@@Muswell your body doesn't require fiber-period!
He never says that dont eat fruits moderately. By sugar he means something we add on like to bread or cookies. Not something natural and combined with fiber. Anything even natural which is processed like juice that removed fiber is not good. He means natural fiber not artificially added fiber. Fiber on its own inhibit absorption of fructose. If you dont have background in biochem and physilogy you may need to listen to bunch of Dr.lusting to understand fructose and different diets including keto.
I've come across many former/recovering drinkers. And they've just 'about all switched to sugar drinks and treats. They say they wont drink again but have a sugar addiction. There's more to the this story and biology, genetics, human kind. The mental gymnastics they deal everyday. Thank you guys for these talks. As a kid i slept a ton and never felt rested and alive. Sugar was a huge part of that. Caffeine was too. I'd love a dive into caffeine. It definitely make me cold and poor circulation. I bet dollars to donuts it can be an impact on the diseases of modern society. I think all of the previous studies were not well adjusted for other things, smoking, drinking, salt/sugar intake, activity level. The build up of caffeine in my body is days and days. I think it's around 3 days if when i stop all intake. I think it accrues and continues to do damage. I'm on and off it like an addict. I can see the benefits on and off it. My hands and feet crack like a diabetic on coffee. I've done this several times with 1 month breaks on and off, 3 times now. Sugar industry hates you guys. I think coffee is suspect too. It's just way less of a harm at the moment. But the money of this product is billions. It was substituted for alcohol in the 1600, to get more productive work done.
In groceries too (give away) to make your shopping more impulsive.
I'm on and off coffee too. I'm testing a one-coffee only a day in the mornings now after a diabetic friend told me that's what he does and his diabetes is in remission now (probably because he switched from beer to red wine and exercises more now rather than only-morning one-coffee imo). When or if the morning-only one-coffee does not work I'll have to go on ketogenic. At present its no-sugar for me but maybe the lactose I drink in dairy (buttermilk) is making fructose? That's where I am at now but must solve this or die trying. (I am 73, slim with slight neuropathy in feet and obvious swings in mitochondria-health in body and brain). Also experimenting with high dose thiamine which is definitely helping mitochondrial function but am I damaging some pathway?) Having thirst problems too which doesn't sound good. I must get on top of this - its hard. Love my mornings-only one-coffee a day, sadly, hope that does not have to go.
@@user_375a82 I too have neuropathy in parts of my feet. It stopped progressing when i did omad, high beef and butter intake. I'm not convinced on beer to wine, i'm a big beer person. If you are pre-diabetic i'd give up dairy for some amout of time. But keep butter in the picture. Throw away all seed oils, olive too. I'm not sure on the thiamine. I'm not keto, but low carb. 100g or less per day. Even factor in or count the wine or beer, look up their rought estimates. One meal a day was a god send and needed to get the BP down. It was 140 to 150 on the top. now it's 115/65 after 4 months of omad. Don't give up. There are compromise, but some times you have to just going lower and lower carb if your pancreas has been beat up over the years. Look up tim nokes, he's a life long diabetic and can never go back to carbs with out big insulin shots. On keto for him he doesn't need insulin but his blood glucose can fly up if he does eat carbs.
The "sugar situation" in Europe is bad, in the USA it is horrible!
@@scoobtoober2975 Thx for that scooby. OMAD will give me another option (to carry-on living), so that will be another arrow in my quiver. I don't drink any alcohol but have found out beer is just awful for fatty liver disease, witness beer belly which is basically fatty-liver that's off-the scale.
Thx for very useful information and lets both live-longer - lol.
my docotr did not know about uric acid , sgnar and fructorse reaction. I saw Dr Pamitter video and now this podcase by the stalwarts confirms. bless you all
Thank you both for your work, podcast and books!
Great idea. Look forward to Drs Johnson & Lustig publishing together.
Excellent discussion!! Thank you! 👏👏👏
Wish I could have kept listening to this amazing interview but it's at a reasonably high level so I need to turn it off while I work. Otherwise I won't be working but I'll probably be able to test out of at least a lower level medical certification after listening to this knowledge bomb!
Please keep doing this, some of us are just nerdy enough to understand these things as you explain them at the molecular level and we'll do our best to help others with the knowledge you provide us with.
I've purchased a copy of Dr. Lustig's book already and will probably grab a copy of Dr. Johnson's as well. Thank you! Also please do that paper together, you may save millions from these terrible neuro-cognitive outcomes.
0:00: 🧪 Researchers discuss their backgrounds and how they got interested in studying fructose and its effects on the body.
6:27: 🍎 Fructose is a major driver of obesity and metabolic syndrome, and it acts independently of calories.
13:11: 🧠 Fructose may be a key factor in the development of Alzheimer's disease due to its role in inducing insulin resistance in the brain.
19:48: 🧠 Fructose can lead to insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation in the brain, which are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease.
26:35: 🍎 Fructose consumption can lead to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting certain areas of the brain and depleting neuronal energy.
33:43: 🧠 Fructose consumption leads to a drop in ATP levels in cells, which is a key factor in the development of Alzheimer's disease.
40:42: 🍏 Fructose consumption can disrupt the barriers in the intestine, leading to leaky gut and various health issues.
48:26: 🍎 Fructose, processed food, and metabolic syndrome are linked to the hyper immune response in COVID-19 patients.
55:17: 🍺 The discussion highlights the similarities between alcohol addiction and sugar addiction, and the potential role of fructose in triggering cravings.
1:02:27: 🍬 The speaker believes that reducing sugar intake could potentially decrease violence in society.
Recap by Tammy AI
Awesome synergy, now add in Morley Robbins latest topic -Sugar is white iron.
A lot of people have been waiting to see these two guys together! Amyloids is to the brain what cholesterol is the arteries?? At the scene of the crime but not of themselves the cause?
Cholesterol is not the villain big pharma has lead you to believe. Statins are pure evil and you should not listen to doctors that push them. Educate yourself please 🙏 Dr Allen Davis has a small channel and responds to most of the comments if you have questions.
Two amazing people! Thank you both for your work! Robert- you changed my life, so thankful for you, and for finding your work!
Love of listening to these two excellent information as always
Robert Lustig is my hero Dr. Johnson is a hero, too!
Its interesting listening to 2 brilliant doctors have a conversation but as a laymen I wanted more practical info. WHat are you saying about eating fruit? And simple carbs?
I came to the conclusion that the lack of civility and some of what we are seeing in society in regards to impulsivity and bad behaviour is being fueled by our poor diet. Children are the canaries in the coal mine in this regard. When you are having children with all sorts of ADHD and neurologic disorders you are seeing the seedlings of more societal problems in its infancy.
BINGO! and BANG... that's the sound of a hammer hitting nail on head
Yep, couldn’t agree more. Crazy to me that in nursing homes and hospitals are beverages with high fructose.
thank you!! we need to start at the top. I love Dr. Lustig's suggestions!! We need to change the system! Sugar is everywhere. it must be stopped!
Woo-hoo one minute in and excited to hear that Dr Lustig really wants to talk to Dr Johnson… I have also been waiting for this 😜 🙌☺️
Great meeting!!
All this is fascinating... But on the practical context, my dad is 79, he has type 1 diabetes, Parkinsons and vascular dementia, but still doing ok. He is tall and thin, talking walks by himself and eats little bit of everything ( home cooked meals). Can anyone please tell me, in regard of his dementia and all, what is he supposed to eat exactly?
Look at Bredesens work for diet plans.
@@Maintain_Decorum ok. Thank you.
I've heard a Keto diet works.
@@Maintain_DecorumBredesen diet includes fruit, full of fructose
Carnivore diet
I figured out I was prediabetic and put myself on a diabetic diet! I was having a lot of memory issues! Now I can tell I am gaining my memory and cognitive function back. I graduated at 50 with s dual masters degree MBA and Graduate Accounting Degree. While working full time. I know my mental capacity so when my memory started slipping something was terribly wrong. I swear by High protein low glycemic diet! And you must exercise!!! Keep your muscles strong because they use the glucose we eat! Also the brain is the #1 user of the glucose we eat! Learn new stuff, drive a new way to where your going try new foods and recipes anything new and stimulating will help keep your brain growing instead of die-ing.
You two are fantastic together. Thank you for your years of work. 🙏🙏🙏🙏
I adore these two good guys!❤❤
23:00 salt & fructose 😳😵💫
Neat video. Incredible conclusion. Thanks
I completely agree. Watching it now
Thank you so much for this podcast. I think Dr. Lustig is a genius. I’ve had the good fortune to have a top functional doctor here in Los Angeles since 2005 and was tested for Lepin way back then. My numbers were sky high and he said no fructose of any kind. My Leptin and normalized. Even my doctor who is thin and in good shape does not eat fruit except for wild blueberries so there you have it.
Love Dr. Lustig ❤
This is just an aside, but I LOVE how these two gentlemen are nerding out over this, and I am oh so grateful to them for sharing with us, this vital information.
I saw Lustig's video years ago on UCTV. Basically cleared up a bunch of things for me about diet.
Interesting what he said about increased water consumption helping decrease the the effects from fructose. I know that when I'm hungry and having cravings, often a glass of water will completely take away my hunger and my cravings. I think sometimes I'm dehydrated without even knowing it, and what a difference a glass of water will make then!
Though the society at large have so much information to be healthier than ever, but still the majority the US population still sticking to SAD diet even though the evidence is overwhelming causing all the metabolic disorders & premature deaths. These two distinguished physicians have done so much in researching & gathering data for the betterment of public health. Most importantly they take the lion share of the credits for exposing fructose negative impacts on our metabolic health. Kudos to their dedication & relentless health advocacy efforts all these years 👏🏾
It's absolutely mind blowing that I can listen to this on my head phone's while working out and know more then most Doctors about nutrition. Thanks.
Great discussion! I had to listen to it more than once because it's packed with so much information. Thanks you both so much for all of your research and outreach to inform.
my youngest sister was a size 22 when she was 20. Somehow she came to the conclusion that fructose was the problem so she cut out all fruits from her diet. twenty years on she still never eats fruit, just eats lots of vegetables and she has been a size 12 since she cut out the fruit. It made me realise we don't need to eats 5 fruits a day and that it could be a dietary problem to do so. Even though I don't have her fructose metabolism problems now I only eat fruits in season straight from the tree. If there are no fruits in season I don't eat them.
Genius! Wonderful covo, such intelligence!! Rich is especially humble behind tremendous scientific knowledge: nothing is a fact, it is still a hypothesis
Fantastic interview 👏love Dr Lustig would def recommend his book it’s brilliant 😊
Love these 2 docs.
Love these two! Wow both allow each other to speak. Amazing 👏
Thank you both for this valuable contribution to our understanding of metabolic syndrome.
Amazing. The information presented by Dr's Lustig and Johnson should be required reading for anyone concerned about their health and lifespan. Medical Doctors and Health officials like food "scientists" at USDA should especially understand these facts about sugar and fructose. HFCS should be banned.
❤️❤️❤️”It’s ok we can still do it” says Dr Lustig! ❤️❤️❤️
I need to know when this paper gets written.
Thanks a lot to both outstanding doctors and researchers ... you make the world a better place health-wise, and so many things you helped us understand better; thanks to Levels as well 👍🎉