5 Prime Capping of mRNA | Eukaryotic mRNA Processing

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The five-prime cap (5′ cap) is a specially altered nucleotide on the 5′ end of some primary transcripts such as precursor messenger RNA. This process, known as mRNA capping, is highly regulated and vital in the creation of stable and mature messenger RNA able to undergo translation during protein synthesis.
In eukaryotes, the 5′ cap (cap-0), found on the 5′ end of an mRNA molecule, consists of a guanine nucleotide connected to mRNA via an unusual 5′ to 5′ triphosphate linkage. This guanosine is methylated on the 7 position directly after capping in vivo by a methyltransferase.[3][4][5][6] It is referred to as a 7-methylguanylate cap, abbreviated m7G.
The starting point for capping with 7-methylguanylate is the unaltered 5′ end of an RNA molecule, which terminates at a triphosphate group. This features a final nucleotide followed by three phosphate groups attached to the 5′ carbon.[3] The capping process is initiated before the completion of transcription, as the nascent pre-mRNA is being synthesized.
In multicellular eukaryotes and some viruses,[7] further modifications exist, including the methylation of the 2′ hydroxy-groups of the first 2 ribose sugars of the 5′ end of the mRNA. cap-1 has a methylated 2′-hydroxy group on the first ribose sugar, while cap-2 has methylated 2′-hydroxy groups on the first two ribose sugars, shown on the right.

[@hritiksha_deb]

This video is a blessing to me!! Now I have crystal clear concept regarding 5'M7G capping, thanks a lot sir🙌🏼💜

[@hussainbiology]

Glad it helped!

[@ismailnaranjo5121]

AYYYY big love from Missouri USA. You are the man!!! Hope success finds you!!!!

[@hussainbiology]

thanks brother for appreciation... Keep sharing and supporting ✌️✌️

[@ginettemeffeu2114]

It's perfect your explanation.
Thousands of thanks to you!!!

[@corbinross803]

Hey Hussain, could you make a video discussing the potential ramifications, improvements, and negative attributes of replacing methyl chains with propyl chains in biological functionality

[@subhamkarmakar3320]

You are just amazing.... Love and respect from India 🇮🇳

[@hussainbiology]

Thanks for appreciation...✌️✌️

[@t-alimichael3363]

Here for the 3'capping..Thanks for all your useful videos!

[@hussainbiology]

Glad to help

[@vigneshwari.n6753]

There was amazing. thanks for sharing your knowledge to us . It's really helps

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation.. Glad it helps

[@arunasrivatsa3914]

Thank you sir.. Very good explanation

[@user8582]

Thanks! You're the best!

[@three-O-two-four]

thanks a lot . so clear!

[@michaeleisenberg7867]

Dear Shabir, Excellent and fascinating video! Thank you. This is very topical because Moderna is starting phase 3 trials of its mRNA COVID 19 vaccine. Stay well, Dr. Mike.

[@hussainbiology]

thanks Dr Mike... Really appreciate ur valuable feedback here

[@AnkeetKumar]

@@hussainbiology Its Eisen appreciating you. So proud of you sir.

[@anshikarohilla442]

Thank you so much sir for helping us.

[@hussainbiology]

You are welcome ✌️

[@deepakelectricalpoint]

I am proud of you amazing

[@adiyifrach5793]

You are AWESOME!!!
THANKS!

[@hussainbiology]

thanks Adi for appreciation

[@MontySwet]

Fell asleep like 7 times

[@filippoalbiani892]

Thank you so much sir.

[@user-xe4yu2om8j]

Very informative, thank you sm

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps

[@ammarahchaudhary2820]

Good explanation
Great efforts
Keep it up.

[@hussainbiology]

thanks Ammarah for appreciation..Glad to know that it helps ✌️

[@HH-ou9tp]

How does capping help in cDNA production

[@laljiyadav788]

So elegant🎉🎉

[@s.myousufuddin8608]

Easy explanation❤️

[@sabasehar7049]

Nice video and excellent explained video.

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation..Glad to know that it helps ✌️

[@Asdfg-fw9ib]

كفوو حسين

[@hussainbiology]

I only can read Hussain😁

[@awwpikachuu]

Sir....can u tell me...how this methyl guanosin triphosphate prevent degradation of mRNA

[@PriyaThakur__.__]

Make video on activators,coactivators , enhancers and silencers.. also dna motifs

[@hussainbiology]

surely i willl....✌️

[@user-np2re4ov4v]

Thanks i understand very well ❤❤❤❤

[@hussainbiology]

Great!

[@rafeeqdar2795]

keep it up👍

[@nishatfatima2091]

Sukriya sir, 👍

[@hussainbiology]

You are welcome ✌️

[@dileepishaqtutorials3969]

Welldone

[@yahyahassan7204]

Great video sir

[@hussainbiology]

So nice of you

[@rakshana7955]

Amazing👏👏

[@hussainbiology]

Thank you! Cheers!

[@AminaKhatun-ec1ro]

Incase of cap 2 and cap 3 structure methyl group add on nitrogen base or in ribose sugar???bcoz u marked "n" but says that methyle added on ribose sugar ..So, I'm confused sir

[@hussainbiology]

Actually.. the methyl grp binds to Sugar ....
The Nitrogenous Base has Sugar Bound... which I haven't shown here... That creates confusion... apologies

[@misbashabir6514]

Thnx...

[@hussainbiology]

most welcome... Keep sharing and supporting ✌️

[@hussainbiology]

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[@corbinross803]

Great to watch and listen at 1.25 x speed while doing push-ups

[@hussainbiology]

Great..💪

[@invivobonsai]

So what does 5' mRNA caps do? Is it required for the eukaryotic ribosome to bind?

[@shahdsharabati7214]

Because the cap helps the mRNA from being degraded when it exits from the nuclease to the cytoplasm.....and the ribosome is in the cytoplasm that's why :)

[@anitashekhawat9795]

Yes , nd it also protect mRNA from exonucleases degradation n also help in transportation of mRNA to cytosol

[@e_lll_a351]

2:01 why we have gamma phosphate?

[@arunasrivatsa3914]

For the ease of understanding.. They named it as alpha beta gamma and so on

[@fatimamoazam4490]

Kindly series ma previous video ka link add kia kryn thanks 👍

[@hussainbiology]

InshaAllah zarori ab se

[@fatimamoazam4490]

@@hussainbiology 😀

[@madhushree.r101]

Waiting from so many days I have exam in September it may use to me ....

[@hussainbiology]

Surely..it will help

[@meorhakim7139]

Indians people always save the day

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps ✌️😎

[@sawna_roy]

👌👌nice

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation

[@tanu6464]

😊😊😊😊😊

[@biology_mcqs3037]

Boiiiiii

[@hussainbiology]

✌️✌️

[@islamicguide3054]

Good ..but not my cup of tea😝😝

[@hussainbiology]

Still thanks for appreciation....✌️

[@islamicguide3054]

You r always welcome jigr...keep it up...

[@hussainbiology]

thanks buddy...✌️✌️

[@plamenferdinandov5083]

Very nice video but I have a real problem understanding your English :D

[@hussainbiology]

apologies.....