How to fix the error "localhost refused to connect"

This video covers four possible solutions to resolve the error localhost refused to connect. There may be a few common causes for this localhost error. The methods mentioned are simple. For demonstration, I am using the XAMPP webserver. I hope the video proves to be useful.
Thank you.
DNS flush Command:
ipconfig /flushdns
Browser setting address:
chrome://net-internals/#hsts