Gaia's 3D View of Our Galaxy
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- Опубліковано 25 чер 2024
- ESA's Gaia satellite is creating a 3D view of our Galaxy, the Milky Way. Get your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: try.magellantv.com/launchpad. It's an exclusive offer for our viewers! Start your free trial today. MagellanTV is a new kind of streaming service run by filmmakers with 3,000+ documentaries! Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTV’s exclusive playlists: www.magellantv.com/genres/space.
The Milky Way Galaxy is our home, but the Gaia space telescope is letting us see our Galaxy in 3D for the first time!
00:00 Gaia's Third Data Release
01:33 Magellan TV
02:27 Astrometry and Hipparcos
04:02 Gaia's Orbit and Parallax
05:04 Stellar Properties and Evolution
07:38 Gaia's Telescope and Camera System
09:40 3D Motions of Stars and Solar System Motion
11:08 Galactic Warp and Sagittarius Dwarf Collision
13:02 The Galactic Bar
13:35 Large and Small Magellanic Clouds
14:16 Andromeda Collision
14:59 Asteroids
15:35 Data Releases and Improvements
16:46 Patreon and Thanks!
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🔴 Gaia helped weigh the Milky Way, and it's much more massive than it looks! ua-cam.com/video/yGWU1XkLVEs/v-deo.html
Great video!
I work with Gaia. I might be a bit biased here, but I think this is the best mission ever. Incredible machine.
Well, I worked on Hubble so I might be biased when I say I think Gaia is the second-best mission ever :) But in all seriousness, it's one of my favorite missions of all time and I've always wanted to make a video about it.
@@LaunchPadAstronomy Indeed Hubble might beat it. I'm glad you did this video. We will see what comes out after DR4 in 2022, that will be a quantum leap in understanding :D
Cheers from ESA!
Thanks and I hope I characterized everything correctly in terms of ERD3 and DR3. I don't know if the names changed or if there's a planned DR3 in 2021 and another DR4 for 2022?
You just doubled my knowledge of our galaxy with a single video!
Gaia it's thruly revolutionary, we passed from" I was blind but I can see" trough, I can see and understand what I see, and making sense from all the data would make us humble about our place in the galaxy.
Well said.
The research you present in your videos is breathtaking. Continue being encompassing and expansive!
Wow, thank you! I'm so glad you got so much out of it!
@@LaunchPadAstronomy The intricacy and details of vectors on the various graphics and fine resolution is quite beyond my comprehension. Just amazing!
And Gaia swears it's real. Thanks again!
Im a simple man
I see a Launch Pad Astronomy video release
I like it then i watch
Thats logical
Great Video ;)
lol, thanks Wayne
I am an unqualified space enthusiast and find some of the videos very informative, educational and easy to follow and others have me scrawling out notes on things I need to Google and research to understand the videos better. One of my favorite channels for learning about universal phenomena.
Wow this is really stunning data! I knew we were going to get amazing results from Gaia but I honestly didn’t expect so much so soon! Great video!!
Appreciate it! And yes, Gaia is one of those amazingly awesome observatories we don't hear enough about.
Chris, you have a terrific channel, and your content is so very well presented! Thank you!!! Jack
Thanks Jack, I really appreciate it!
I always look forward to Saturday lunchtime (UK) for the newest video from you, our friendly local astronomer thousands of miles away.
As I watch the video I come up with questions and things that I want to say but have forgotten most by the end, however one thought I kept throughout was imagine how cool it would be to have a satellite at the L2 point of the galaxy and could image the Milky Way from the outside. Mind blowing.
Thank you so kindly, Colin. I sure wish I could keep to a steady schedule and get one out every Saturday. Hopefully someday I'll get that efficient!
Mind blowing info, made easy for everyone to understand...
Thank you so much
My pleasure and thanks for the kind words!
Your videos always satisfy my nerd side personality at extreme levels :))
I think you deserve way more subscribers
Glad you like them, and glad to be of service :)
Great Video, I've been studying Cosmology for more than 12 years, Albert Einstein was an amazing man and unfortunately we recently lost one Awesome scientist, Steven Hawking RIP guys, I just discovered this channel a few months ago and I'm in it for the duration. Thanks for the videos. 🇺🇸
Thanks so much, I appreciate it!
Easily the biggest bang for buck scientific observatory currently in operation. Yes, more than LIGO because it's telling us so much more about many different objects at such a low relative cost.
It's about 40 to 50 cent per star if you look at it that way.
Excellent content like always, Chris. Keep up the good work brother.
Much appreciated and thanks so much!
17 minutes of "Bloody hell, that's interesting!"
I love how they came up with a bacronym, like they thought they couldn't just call the thing 'Hipparchus' and nobody would question it.
After many years of watching thousands of videos on many different subjects , especially Space Related ones ,I have to say that this is one of the very best made, informative channels of them all. It is very well Presented, No stupid childish graphics, No silly loud or annoying Narration, No silly Gimmiks and thankfully No hideously Loud Music drowning out the Narrator, also very few adverts. Is in my view excellently presented and well made video. I watch dozens of Space related videos every week, and this on is now one of my favourite due to the points I highlighted above. I have liked and subscribed, and having found this channel I will endeavour to watch all of there material over the coming months. Thank you for making such sensible , well narrated and informative material, free from the usual annoying Loud music, Loud screaming childish narrators and with relatively few adverts. Please dont change a thing that you are doing. In my view a channel for sensible well educated and knowledgable people interested in real Astronomy.
Loved the explanation and visuals of how Gaia works. Thanks for the quality content, Christian. Always a good time watching 'em.
Thank you, Isak I appreciate it!
This is the kind of videos I have to watch several times, so fascinating the subject is. 🌌
Another masterpiece..You are only you tuber where I watch all the videos repeatedly and never get bored..Thanks Christian for all you hard work to bless us with knowledge for the curiosity we have for space!!!
You are very kind and I'm so appreciative. Thanks!
Excellent! The wealth of "explained and understandable" detail is why LPA is my go-to channel for space missions. I understand so much more. Thank you
Much appreciated!
I have long since been fascinated by the Gaia telescope. That was the best explanation of what it has discovered and how exactly it works I have yet heard. Thank you for the great information put forth in a easily understood format. Much appreciated.
Very informative! :)
Keep up the good work!
Thanks!
Wow it seems so easy to recognize the LMC's spiral galaxy nature in that image and those models. You also probably should have discussed how GAIA revealed the Large Magellanic Cloud is much more massive than we used to think (mostly in the form of dark matter) That new higher mass suggests the Magellanic clouds should be massive enough to have their own Galactic coronal halo which offers the best explanation for the Magellanic streams as the Collison between the Milky Way's Halo and The Magellanic clouds halo. It also offers an explanation for why there isn't yet significant evidence for the stripping of stars from the Magellanic clouds by the milky way the halo effectively is insulating them from the effects. With their new measured mass the Magellanic system is massive enough to effect the orbital interactions of the local group to a degree that they can't be neglected. Thus can we finally stop neglecting them as just satellite galaxies of the Milky Way? I mean they are massive enough to retain satellite galaxies and globular clusters of their own despite their current proximity to the Milky Way. It is like treating Jupiter as an asteroid! A Range of possible masses from 1-2.5×10^11 MSun is not small only one order of magnitude less than the Milky Way. academic.oup.com/mnras/article/487/2/2685/5491315 >_<
Note that GAIA has one major limitation in that it doesn't measure variable and or highly bright stars so GAIA can't tell us the distance to say red supergiant stars like Betelgeuse or Antares disappointing but given what Betelgeuse pulled off as a show of late probably wise to exclude them!
Regarding White dwarfs I think you made a mistake with the elements in their cores as I'm pretty sure depletion of hydrogen and helium is one of a white dwarfs defining characteristics Might you have meant carbon oxygen and or neon? I also know there was results based on GAIA's observations that allowed the confirmation of White Dwarfs undergoing a phase transition of crystallization with the latent heat keeping a fairly persistent bump in temperatures. That is a big GAIA result that deserves mention was that perhaps what you had intended?
Wow the content, Professor. You got a new student from India👍👍
Just discovered your channel, got recommended after watching episodes of NOVA (maybe that algorithm ain't always too bad). Your rigor, driven by your enthusiasm, is a gem. The efforts to explain with citation, chapter the video, and deliver information in an entertaining way just show a dedication that is almost infectious. Thanks from a new sub. Cheers.
Enjoyed that, great video!
Awesome, thank you!
This was so wonderful and amazing! I learnt so much from your videos as usual! Thanks a lot man 💝
Okay. I was bitten by Launch Pad Astronomy's UA-cam channel due to the valuable insights shared by its host and guests, its glimpses of the universe that surrounds us, and due to the interviews. Now that I see a Grateful Dead album resting in the background, I am adding to that experience of being bitten with more things which bite into my curiosities. Live/Dead (1969) is my favourite GD album. We ought not to pick favourites as there are so many live recordings/bootlegs. Yet, that is the one that I cannot live without listening to from time to time to time. 🌺
You are doing an outstanding job and great teamwork for humankind. Thanks
Cool video Christian! I don't recall hearing about this project before. Interesting how the data is collected. Thanks for sharing it!
So glad you liked it! Yeah, Gaia is an amazing mission that few have heard of so I'm glad I finally got to make this video :)
Incredible data and such nice plots! Got me all excited again. I was majoring physics +15 years ago. I would never have thought we would come to this. Best thing about it: data is free to download for all. @Christian: What do you think about doing an online course (e.g.) to explain the data structure and usage of this data? I would love it.
Another brilliant clearly explained vid, thank you
Mind blown!
Fantastic analysis ! Very, very deep !
Breathtaking, well done!
Thanks!
What an excellent summary of our galactic history. Subscribed!!!
Thanks, and I'm glad to have you along for the ride!
We've got to get out there!
Excellent video!
Fantastic stuff, thank you
Glad you enjoyed it!
Amazing science, amazing video! Thank you so much!
Glad you enjoyed it!
Fantastic explanations and visualizations. Great speaker as well!
Thank you kindly!
bro I love these video's they are great to listen to/watch
Thanks!
thank you
Very detailed information Christian. Thank you for always explaining in detail. Greetings from Uganda.
So awesome
Great video. Gaia is an astounding piece of equipment.
Gaia EDR3 only contains data collected until May 2017. There is a lot more to come.
Christian has the best space channel ever. I just love it.
Thanks Scully, so kind of you!
amazing vid explained it very well
Thank you 😊
Very instructive, wonderful video. Thank you!
Glad you enjoyed it!
I think it's funny how you personify the telescopes; "Gaia discovered..." and "Gaia teamed up with the Hubble telescope". I can imagine the call: "Hey Hubble, it's Gaia, yeah, it's been a great year. Wanna look at some dark matter with me? I bet the earthlings will love it!"
Fascinating stuff!
Thanks!
WOW VERY FASINATING
Awesome,
Thanks a lot
Glad you liked it!
@@LaunchPadAstronomy
As an amateur astronomer (might be an exaggeration, but it's a hobby), and lover of the misteries of the universe and its physics, it's a great time to be alive. Seeing all these new discoveries.
Wow the tech is mind blowing 🤯 can't wait for Webb
Well done
Thanks for uploading. I got the opportunity to see a rocket launch in 2018. Incredible experience. I shared a pretty fun montage of the journey to my channel.
thanks
Given that Gaia can detect asteroids, is it able to detec intergalatic interlopers like Oumuamua? (it seems it can detec stellar interlopers)
Strictly speaking, I'd say 'yes' but interstellar objects (ISO's) like 'Oumuamua move so fast that it's unlikely Gaia could actually track because its fields of view are much too narrow and it's spinning. I say "unlikely" because if the object just happened to be moving along Gaia's particular scanning track that day at just the right angular speed, then yes it could track it for a while at least. But you'd have to get pretty lucky :) A much better tool for the job are things like PanSTARRS (which found 'Oumuamua) and Vera Rubin when she comes online.
@@LaunchPadAstronomy thx ;-)
¡Excelente documental!... Sobre un instrumento astronómico quizás tanto o más fantástico que el telescopio Hubble, porque muestra los fascinantes cambios que ocurren en nuestro universo cercano, y aceleran movimientos que no podemos percibir debido a la brevedad de nuestras vidas. ¡Impresionante!...
superb.
Thank you! Cheers!
As always... The BEST!! WHY OH WHY OH WHY don't you have more subscribers?! I sure hope your subscribers with social media share your vIdeos! Not only do you deserve the views but there's a lot of people who like this kind of stuff missing out on your second to none content!!
That's so very kind of you to say, thank you so much!
A man who really know,s his beans you are Kris.
INTERESTING AND INFORMATIVE
Thanks Lee!
Tax payer in an ESA country here, you're welcome! :-)
We share the data, so it’s all good bro 😎
Fantastic narration, graphics etc. Keep up the great work. If there's intervening gas between a star and Gaia, how does Gaia discern the star's spectrum? Also, could you explain what the local standard of rest means and whether Gaia has helped in defining it better. Thanks.
Thank you very much, Vimal. Strictly speaking, Gaia (or any telescope) cannot distinguish between the spectra of a background star and foreground gas/dust; it can only take the spectra of the light that reaches the telescope's spectrometer. However, dust can suppress and scatter blue light coming from the star while allowing red light to pass through. This has the effect of "reddening" the starlight and making the blue end of the star's spectrum weaker than its red end. But stars have a set of spectral lines that are unique to its temperature, composition, and radius. These lines will still appear in the spectrum even if some of its blue light is scattered by interstellar dust. In fact, we can compare its expected intensity to its measured to get an idea of how much dust lies between the telescope and star, and therefore gauge the distance to the star.
The local standard of rest (LSR) is an artifact of our Sun's revolution around the disk of the Galaxy. For the most part, the Sun, clouds, nearby stars, etc. are all moving at roughly the same velocity, so from our point of view they're either not moving very much or even at all. So yes, a lot of work is being done with the Gaia data to measure the _tiny_ relative motions of "stationary" stars and refine the LSR.
Thank you for this comprehensive coverage of Gaea & its mappings. I especially loved the various animation of the motion of ensemble of stars, like around 9:45.
I hv 2 amateur Qs pl.
First, U said that Gaia is at L2 and we know JWST is also slated for L2. How far away they would effectively be from each other?
Second, you outlined gaia's output on the asteroid belt & how it mapped some of the inclinations. Then, how come it never captured any early pictures of Oumuamua?
great video!
appreciated that you always have awesome graphics :)
now tell me, is the decadal survey a false front to sloooow LUVOIR & thus us finding the galactic federation r what?
I am relieved to learn that the Andromeda collision has been delayed 600 million years.
A Map of 1.8B Stars, very interesting ....
And counting :)
600 million year delay? Damn. Guess I’ll definitely miss it now.
Just get your 10,000 steps in everyday and you'll be good to go :)
Thank you so much for your works. Your content is creative but still easily to understand. But I have some question. One of Gaia goal is detect exoplanet by astrometry method, but why until now none of them are detected? I can't understand why.
I remember something about a stray light problem in the early Gaia days. Was it ever resolved?
To anyone in ESA or anyone else knowledgeable: Was the GAIA spacecraft equipped with something like a neutral density light filter that can be put in front at some point? My wish is that, after all the main science is done and it's had many good years and passes of the sky, a dimming filter is put on it so that it can do astrometry on the brightest stars, like Deneb. I know this is not a priority, but is it a possibility at some point?
Ayyyyy
You did a great extensive video on Red Dwarfs stars could you do one on K type stars as extensive as you did on M type stars?
Thanks for the suggestion!
_Deep motion Animistronomy in Spectra color._
Does anyone know if there is a visualization of how the night sky would look if we could see the stars as more of a current time frame snapshot instead of seeing them as they were hundreds to millions of years ago? Like all on a similar and current time representation (with position, brightness, etc) and the difference between that and what we actually see? Does that make sense or is anyone else curious what that would look like?
I didn't know teensie was a unit of galactic measure! If it was even smaller, it would be teensy-weensy!
What's the grateful dead book about?
Your audio is so close to being good. There's some kind of echo going on. Check out a video on how to use a software EQ to fix it. Podcastage is a great youtube channel on audio for beginners.
If the arms of the Milky Way are actually static density waves that occur as the stars of the galactic disk rotate (Sol taking 230 million years to complete one cycle), does that mean the map of earths night sky alters radically every time our solar system and its near neighbors passes through those density waves?
How do we know the difference between a stars intrinsic color and the Doppler effect?
You raise an important point. The spectra are doppler shifted, but so are all of its spectral lines as well. Since the lines we see are largely determined by temperature, we can infer a star's temperature by recognizing the familiar pattern of spectral lines, even if they're doppler shifted due to their motion.
at 5:04 it shows the sun as being about mid-way along the galaxy's radius. Doesn't that mean we should see the galactic plane all the way around us? Do we see that?
Yes, we do. in fact, the all-sky map from Gaia depicts this. See the animation at 9:20. Cheers!
Why is there a Grateful Dead image in the background?
It’s a tribute to my late mother who raised me right.
👍
I wonder what the view of the night sky would be from a planet in the large Magellan cloud.
I’m sure our galaxy would fill the sky!
@@LaunchPadAstronomy Yes, that is what I was thinking. It must be an awesome sight!
I thought that one of the Magellanic clouds was the Andromeda galaxy...or is it?
No, they're both Milky Way satellites. Andromeda is on the other side of the sky :)
@@LaunchPadAstronomy thank you
He Said It Was a Better Gig Than KFC😂,While I Was Learning To Run In Burning Buildings,lol..Great Video As Always Christian,The Word Gaia Spooked Me a Little At 1st😂,Stop Doing That,Really Enjoyed It,Thank You Very Much.Have a Great Day,Be Safe,and God Bless❤️🙏🏻🌏🔭✨
Always appreciated, thanks!
Does it only catch stars??????? @gaia
No, it catches anything that gets scanned by its camera, such as asteroids.
Here we go around the donut hole
From Google Earth to Google Galaxy
How many big bangs have occurred?
We'd sure like to know ourselves!
If Gaia is at L2,,,,an James Web will be also at L2,,,,is there a probability that they collide?
Technically, yes, but the orbit around L2 is about the same size as the Moon's orbit around Earth. Even if we had no idea where each spacecraft were (we do), and couldn't control their motions (we can), the chances of a collision are next to zero :)
Wonder where all the aliens are 🤔
Looks like no one is coming to rescue us from ourselves...
Nor would I allow them to :)
sme len mikro milí bodku vo vesmíre vo sne som videl obraz seba trochu mňa vrátili v jednom čase sa pozrieť v dvoch smeroch kde v súčasnosti som vesmíre vyzeral len mikro milí bodku kde komunikácia
👺💥🙉 I like astrometry but feel like a primatologist. You see, I try to tell my Horoscope friends about this stuff but they don’t care-bananas, I know! 🍌
6:55 Had to watch again. Are the two white dwarf populations really hydrogen and helium? Not helium and carbon?
I misspoke. The cores are dominated by C and some O, but some are richer in H while others should be richer in He.
@@LaunchPadAstronomy Ok. Thought it might be pure helium cores remaining after low mass stars and mostly carbon cores remaining after our kind of star. On second thought, no low mass star has lived long enough to become a white dwarf yet. Learned something new today :-)
Boom! Nailed it!!!
!!!!!! detlem tsuj niarb ym
First!
Wasted no time.