Justice: What's The Right Thing To Do? Episode 07: "A LESSON IN LYING"
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- Опубліковано 3 вер 2009
- To register for the 2015 course, visit www.edx.org/course/justice-ha....
PART ONE: A LESSON IN LYING
Immanuel Kants stringent theory of morality allows for no exceptions. Kant believed that telling a lie, even a white lie, is a violation of ones own dignity. Professor Sandel asks students to test Kants theory with this hypothetical case: if your friend were hiding inside your home, and a person intent on killing your friend came to your door and asked you where he was, would it be wrong to tell a lie? If so, would it be moral to try to mislead the murderer without actually lying? This leads to a discussion of the morality of misleading truths. Sandel wraps up the lecture with a video clip of one of the most famous, recent examples of dodging the truth: President Clinton talking about his relationship with Monica Lewinsky.
PART TWO: A DEAL IS A DEAL
Sandel introduces the modern philosopher John Rawls and his theory of a hypothetical social contract. Rawls argues that principles of justice are the outcome of a special kind of agreement. They are the principles we would all agree to if we had to choose rules for our society and no one had any unfair bargaining power. According to Rawls, the only way to ensure that no one has more power than anyone else is to imagine a scenario where no one knows his or her age, sex, race, intelligence, strength, social position, family wealth, religion, or even his or her goals in life. Rawls calls this hypothetical situation a veil of ignorance. What principles would we agree to behind this veil of ignorance? And would these principles be fair? Professor Sandel explains the idea of a fair agreement with some humorous examples of actual contracts that produce unfair results.
You know what I like about Michael Sandel? I've never heard him say "Uhhhh" once when he speaks. He's so fluid and concise.
He really must spend so much time writing and practicing his scripts, but what's more amazing is how he improvises in his interactions with the students. That's the part I love the most.
He uses pauses very effectively. When others use filler words he just stays quiet.
@@giwild4027 Exactly correct. Something that is quite easy also to practice and train yourself to do, and will without fail elevate speaking performance.
@@videodaniel8945 he's good in what he does
There's two things you can do, when you're unsure what to say. First: stop and think for a second; or spend that time making sure you look like you're thinking, regardless of whether or not you actually are thinking.
Mr. Sandel is so great at involving the audience and making them feel good about themselves even when they have weak arguments
Lies again? Right Wrong Red Wine
حجمهةخخهغنت
@@najlaaaljasim1272 h6dfuf
@@najlaaaljasim1272 ww were
Who is here during COVID-19 and having an existential crisis at home thanks to Michael Sandel
Lol, Professor Sandel is absolutely hilarious in every single one of his lectures.
Still here
and the pandemic as well 😷
@@aymanmajid9736 Still here too.... and the pandemic as well
@@mandymechecc
I give up!
I have no words to thank the posibility of listen to this from a small town in Spain.
I like that he captures the essence of the students arguments and help them to develop what they are pointing out.
The atmosphere in the class is so positive with free floating minds.,
20:13
This (not the persn in particular) is one of the most beautiful faces and facial expressions one can witness. The moment of understanding, when something clicks. Learning is truly a something magnificent.
love the way he teaches.
Less writing more talking. I wish regular school was like this. It's more memorable to have a conversation than to simply be told stuff.
2:05 I love the way Prof. Sandel encouragingly tells the student (Matt), "Okay, that's good, Matt. That is Kant's answer." And Matt breaks into an encouraged smile.
I don't know why I was smiling all the time during the lecture.
The feeling of being illuminated.
The students in the first half who articulated Kant's points made me proud. If they became lawyers, I'd hire them in a heartbeat.
I’d pay money to see him live, its like a tedtalk but not a tedtalk
University lecture.
That’s why the tuition fee is sky high
Great public speaker
"Thanks for the tie, I will wear it in special occasions."
Halloween is that occasion
Top Lobster hahahah
HAHHAH good one
I could watch these lectures over and over. Thank you Mr. Sandel!!!!
lol you can though
" I'd never seen this type of tie before...🤣🤣🤣 Fun and educating.
You do not have to respond in order to evade a lie. Silence is golden.
Constitutional right to not self incriminate!
I had that same response... why not say I'm not going to answer that. If I asked for someone's password they wouldn't lie or tell truth they'd simply say for security purposes I can't answer that.
Mr. Sandel has one of the finest communication skills ,for teaching, on this planet. I haven't seen a teacher like him in my life.
I can't describe how cool it is to study at Harvard while you're in Ukraine
Same I am in Australia doing Justice online :)
Me at India .
Me in the Philippines :)
Hey, fellow-Ukrainian, you are not the only one enjoying Harvard Justice. Great to enjoy it in a great company!
From India as well
"May I help you? You and Kant" so good to hear.
YESS!
Agree. I love how he helps the students articulate their thoughts and form better arguments without embarrassing them at all
This first half of the episode made me think about when some Germans were hiding Jews during the Holocaust. If a German asked you if there were Jews in your house you can't reply with "I don't know", that would of raised suspicion. It's hard to grasp the idea that you should not lie in any scenario but instead use a misleading truth.
50:39 Funniest moment in the history of lecturing
51:10 even better!!
Missing Raul, where is he
I miss gokol too
Raul @ 16:17
And 49:18
I would want to see the present Raul
I think we should, as a humanity, figure out if we have free will at all. And then, if we have, to discuss morality and etc. So the works of all these ancient philosophers are meaningless before that answer.
Absolutely brilliant professor. I'll bet this is a favorite among students at the university. This series imparts a wealth of knowledge and aids in understanding social justice/injustice and the grounds for things like affirmative action, diversity, inclusion , etc. Well done sir.
I am encouraged that I read a whole page of comments on a youtube video, and not one person was accused of being gay or directed to kill themselves. One comment on an attractive woman, but not one vulgar suggestion. Great series as well.
+TheWdayton You're gay. jk
I'm an unattractive guy and I feel offended for not being hit on the same as an attractive woman.
jk
@@Jaime_Protein_Cannister 😂😂😂
Wow this is awesome I'm learning so much. Michael Sandel is an amazing teacher with excellent communication skills and the ability to keep the interaction between students and teacher.
So, I just spent 7 hours listening to these lectures. Found the first part an hour before my Philosophy midterm today too xD
My pleasure.
“Freedom is autonomous...Respecting human dignity means regarding persons
not just as means but also as ends in themselves and this is why it’s wrong to use people". Prof. MICHAEL J. SANDEL
Oh my god this one was difficult to fully follow... indeed Kant is a difficult thinker
And his books are excruciating to read
His works are difficult to read because he is just trying to win an argument by exhaustive logic and methods (from the perspective of himself), not by observation or any empirical means.
David Hume is my go to guy when it comes to making the most sense
True! He is such a difficult thinker; I didn't think he would be this difficult but his thoughts are also fascinating at the same time.
Thanks for uploading this amazing series of lectures. He is such a great teacher invoking thoughts and enabling to understand even many issues not immediately related with the topic.
Significant; on the Hyperthetical contracts among equals with the same amount of knowledge, is key. Thank you.
Simply brilliant, his amazing communication skills made all the difference.
Brilliant professor and brilliant students who can ask smart questions and give smart answers! That's why we wanna go to a top university bc people around you are all having a clever brain and thinking in a smart way.
This is the best lecturer I've seen!
Kant has always been my favorite philosopher
Nothing, I mean nothing is better than Philosophy. Thank you Sir!
You're the best.
(ps I have already done my engineering & MBA from top college of India and my Director was professor at Harvard)
When your friend might get hurt, your primary motivation should be to help them to avoid it, rather than thinking about your own adherence to some abstract moral law, caring about others is of a higher moral importance. Whatever you're going to say instead of "she/he isn't here" will increase chances for them to be caught, because it won't be straightforward and clear.
Kant's ideas are something opposite to Led Zeppelin song "what is and what should never be", it's more like what should be, but is not; that's why I see his ideas more like religion than philosophy, his thoughts don't seem to reflect on the nature of human being. He seems to disregard that whatever law of nature pushes us to do is what we genuinely enjoy doing and it's also what all humans have in common, which isn't true for the moral law-that's the one what we learn and construct, it's not necessarily part of human nature, hence unclarity about the source of it in Kant's ideas. I believe we should still teach Kant's ideas to kids as parents, since moral law can be internalized.
this episode was so funny but so informative at the same time, excellent
This is the most amazing course ever!!!
honestly, really? people will dislike this video? its a HARVARD LECTURE. if it wasnt what you were looking for, simply leave the page
Love the way he teaches... great lecture 😊
To the murderer:
"I will not take part in your murderous rampage."
Prisoner Of Paradise Not answering is question isn't disrespecting his dignity. Lying to him would be. There's nothing wrong with not answering something, or truthfully telling them that you will not aid them in their immoral actions. One is obliged not to lie, but one is not obliged to obey.
s0niKu Although that would probably be the death of you.
Ally A. "Death by Kant"
s0niKu Yeah I guess you are right from Kant's perspective. Although In this kind of situation not answering would may result bad. He may even kill you...
what would Kant do if the guy out of the door, is too angry and told you that "If you don't give me a answer that satisfies me, I will kill you too, so tell me WHERE is your friend (gives the exact definition of your friend), ..." and nearly cut off the every single possibility of giving a misleading truth...
And lets also say you are or who ever is the guy answering the murderer, is not clever enough to give a misleading truth... What would happen? what would Kant say in that position?
Prisoner Of Paradise Well, I can't say what Kant would actually say or do, since who knows what anyone would do in the face of real danger. But following his moral philosophy, you cannot betray your friends location just because you are threatened (imagine a world where everyone caved under threat. Probably not a positive one.), and you cannot lie as this of course treats this human as something less than human. If, hypothetically, you were for whatever reason unable to give a misleading but truthful answer, that does limit your options.
So where would that leave us? Well, you could certainly practice self defense. They are threatening murder, after all. There are probably other options too, like stalling so that your friend can escape, or finding some way to alert someone.
When it comes down to it, though, if you remove options to narrow the hypothetical to the point where you cannot do anything but tell the truth or lie, the 'correct' answer from a Kantian viewpoint would probably end up being that it is better to die acting morally, defending your friend, than to compromise on your morals by lying. That might seem utterly insane, but at that point the scenario is quite far-fetched too.
Mr. Sandel makes sure by reiterating what the student says, the student knows he has been heard. Most conversations between people involve two separate individuals reiterating their own thoughts and bouncing them off each other. Not really listening to what each is saying. Michael Sandel IS LISTENING and by example showing what real conversation is about.
I died at 50:50 😂😂😂😂 Great lecture though... absolutely brilliant!!!!
Kants misleading information is one of the first things that lawyers need to learn :)
it makes me feel like i'm in church listening to Prof Sandel and it also gives me somewhat the same enlightened high I get after church as well.
Whatever.
I hope you meant to say ... listening to Prof Sandel's CHURCH dogma ....
Beautiful. So glad this is on the web.
Excelent lecture, Professor Sandel, thank you very much ⭐️
Thanks so much for the tie - the colour goes so well with my blue suit - yes, I had to use that one
Julian could have said that "He had other plans that he had to put a side for the job that they had agreed to between them." So even though he didn't do any work for his friend, he could have done work for someone else and earn something, but now he won't be earning anything, because he had to put off other jobs for that day. so in that sense he would owe him.
omg!! I feel so lucky to been able to watch these videos. I so want to study in Harvard.
That guy Julian's gotta be a comedian, funniest lecture so far!
This podcast is a great way to improve my listening.
These lectures are Brilliant.
Great course! Even tho i am not law and justice degree student, I am intrigued to learn more
5:41 I love how in the first sec he has no idea why anybody's laughing
"...you have to be wise, is it lying? diplomatic!"
It is not often that my thoughts garner any response from the rest of humanity so I thank you for some modicum of recognition...After 40 years of my declining ability in abstract thinking it has become difficult to relate discussions such as this to the "real" world that I inhabit. Concepts such as duty, honor, etc. have become empty or perverted to such an extent that I see little evidence of them around me. Ok, the end/means thing is understood although little of that seems to be practiced.
It amazes me that the English subtitles that are auto generated are so accurate.
I think it's bc he's talking so correct and tact
It's often unprecedent to study and enjoy at the same time...
Philosophy should be taught very early in all schools just as math and english, the basics, I think today its so easy to forget the basics, and maybe it will lead to a better world.
sometimes, ignorance is the requirement of justice.😂😂🤣 I have never thought about his before, but it really makes sense!!!
Moral laws are the ability to differentiate between right and wrong . If someone asks me where is my wife and or my friend. Before I answer I have to understand why is he asking me. I have to understand the Consequences of my answer and if I was told the truth meaning I know the Consequences for my true answer is going to be murder. There the truth does not Count as truth. Truth assessment is a responsibility under the Laws . Knowing outcome of when to answer Truthfully and when not to answer. That is why the right to keep Silent is applicable by laws. The fifths amendment gives the right not answering Questions that have implications. The answer to your question is the fifths amendment to keep Silent. Need not to Spill the beans if knowing the Consequences.
What perplexes me is why? These students cannot figure out and understand, Respect others as you respect yourself.( "what comes around goes around". " Treat others as you would wish to treat yourself"). Also, the understanding,when you consent to pay, anyone, even government, you become thier Employer. The government becomes your EMPLOYEE. I think something maybe all have forgotten.
He means ignorance of your place in life, your class, health, wealth etc. When people keep their own status in mind when deciding on laws and such, they tend to think of things that would be beneficial to their own place in life, therefore by arguing from behind the 'veil of ignorance' you have to consider how fair something would be for everyone, because you could potentially be anyone in that society - if you could be anyone you want everyone to be accounted for.
I also agree with Wesley, a deceiving truth cannot fit the moral law. Let‘s test it. If I will that deceiving truths are permitted by law, then everyone consents to it (wills it as universal law) and knows it. Therefore, everyone would know that you‘re deceiving them. Plus, the person you deceive cannot consent to being mislead. So we have a double contradiction:
a and non-a:
a: I will that everyone is deceived
non-a: I will that everyone knows that they are deceived.
b and non-b:
b: everyone consents to being deceived
non-b: nobody consents to being deceived.
In both contradictions the very purpose of deceiving is undermined.
Bonus: You are using someone as means to your end of helping your friend, you are not respecting the ends of the person you deceive. The end of the person you deceive is to know where your friend is, which he has asked.
Nice point! He's an excellent orator.
Great lecture. Thank you!
I love this discussion...
I've always found that as a provider of a service, you always need to have your money up front. And as a consumer of a service you always need to have the money post-paid. Who's right? Who should get their way? What's the etiquette, who has the philosophical obligation of payment or other end benefit, to the other party in the contract? The answer I've come up with is that we are all moral agents, but we're not equally moral, and the institution that we are participating in is part of the benefit i.e. some institutions provide a bigger benefit than others. Soft forms of involuntary control like a ubiquitous monetary system are undesirable in this sense, unless you are the provider. In other words, there is nobody looking out for the benefit of the consumer in our system. So we need those soft forms of involuntary control dismantled and replaced with something better... it is my contention that it is possible to organize this without totally abandoning the concept of money, just re-organizing who gets it and when. We ultimately use it when we are paying people who we distrust prima facie. We never use it when we deal with people who we trust prima facie. That's the distinction.
I loved this lecture!
I intend to watch all the lectures. I have watched 7 already in two days.
Believe me I would finished all of this in a day but I like it one day one episode
Im binging too does anyone know of any other courses like this that are this interactive and engaging. This course is so much fun
I like the way they all give their names as questions?
Narova Kunjarova!! Brilliant stuff!
48:00 thanks Nate! I''m a weird person, and my definitions of benefits will probably vary most of the time from the socially accepted definitions of benefits
Remember Abraham saying Sarah was his sister when he was faced with death. It turned out she was both his wife and sister but he was economical with the truth to avoid the consequence of being murdered for his wife.
!!!
in my opinion, a half-truth is not a moral act, because, although it can be entered into the framework of a categorical imperative, the very fact that we are looking for a loophole is immoral, because, for example, in the case of a friend who is sitting in a closet, the initial motivation is hypothetical imperative, it manifests itself in the fact that we are trying to save a friend, and in the background there is a choice of how to save him, morally or immorally, and although in this case we do not know for sure whether the killer will go further or still enter the apartment , but, speaking, our main and initial goal is to say so that the killer is misled, and this is already a humiliation of his dignity, which is unacceptable if you follow Kant's ideology (I used a google translator, I apologize for possible mistakes)
I ask you to react and explain to me what I am wrong, if I am wrong
Ya why not just say I'm not going to answer the question.
48:20 "painted it blue" - you have to imagine this blue, it's the missing shade of blue 😂
Episode 6 and 7, Kant's philosophy are so hard lol
Very hard and deep
Thank you Michael
@Abgef I concur completely, which is why I put "answers" in quotes (they were answers as far as he seen them, not how we modern secular humanists see them). As brilliant as Kant was, he fell into the same mental trap so many other great thinkers before him fell into: that at the limit of pragmatic understand, somewhere, was some magic force to explain everything.
learned a lot .thanks
I do away with my lecture notes and watched Mr Sandel.
15:41 " O unico presente que eu não esperava receber thank you " 😂😂😅
48:28 good transversal point on 'blue'.
In my life have have come across all sort of potential violence and in some of the interaction my life perhaps was in jeopardy, it was that I handled myself respectfull in the place I found myself, when I was younger different ways of things force presence where I rarely apply
His suit fit him so nice!!!
The more I listen, the more anthropocentric I find kant's theory.
Thank you!
Mike is wonderful teacher : )
As a "lobster grabber" you could make the argument that during that 2 minute period between signing the contract with you and then you changing your mind, I lost a very rich customer that wanted to buy 2000000 lobsters from me, but I refused him because I had a contract with you, and I had the moral and legal obligation to uphold my contract with you.
So you cost me a lot of money by changing your mind - both the money you promised and the other customer's money.
Raptorel why contract ? At the first place, MOU work fur you ?
But that would be an outright lie...
"Where"s your friend?"
"Well, tbh, ain't telling you sh*t."
This class will be the one of many reasons of why Bill Clinton will be remembered
John... Smart man :)
The subject of freedom is obeying the principle of morality & set you free from the penalty of sin.
Is there somewhere a reading list for all the lectures are given?
This feels more like a Sunday sermon than a Harvard lecture on morality.
Hey that's fine I like how easy it is to understand. I don't like intellectual speak
This is awesome!!!
Profesor ako je ďaleko nemecká minulosť s porovnaním v súčastnosti pred WW 2
A great professor
Thank you lessons