How Inbred were the Habsburgs? Part 1: The Spanish Line
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- Опубліковано 11 лип 2022
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Royals throughout history are notorious for inbreeding. But the European royal family by far infamously incestuous were the Habsburgs (Hapsburgs). The royal house ruled Spain from 1506 to 1700 and held the Holy Roman Empire from 1452 until 1806. These two branches of the family vollied brides back and forth like ping pong balls. Cousins married cousins and uncles married nieces. All in the name of keeping wealth and power in the family and keeping their blood blue. They were oblivious to the havoc all this intermarrying was playing on their genetics. The tragic results were numerous family members with mental illness, intellectual disability, vulnerability to diseases, and a famously unusual continence which came to be known as the Hapsburg Jaw. Just how inbred where the Habsburgs? Short answer, very. Long answer, well, lets get into it!
Ferdinand & Isabella
Juana I (Joanna I) the Mad & Philip the Handsome
Carlos I (Charles I)
Felipe II (Philip II )
Felipe III (Philip III)
Felipe IV (Philip IV)
Carlos II (Charles II)
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“Your majesty, shut your mouth! The flies in this country are insolent.”
Imagine shouting a burn so epic it is written into the historic record.
😂😂😂😂
😅😅
I’m going to take note of it and find the right time to say it.
the first ever roasr
And that it's still used as Figure of Speech in other Countries (Germany) as well.
The portraits of the Habsburgs makes me wonder how messed up they really looked. I mean, those portraits were made to flatter so it makes sense they looked way rougher in person. And Charles having a water head?
Their pictures is NOT pretty. They obviously was too ugly to tweak into something attractive 😩
That's such a good point. Those aren't photos, those are the absolute best portrayal the artist could pull off while keeping the people recognizable
@@tinejensen8309 I've watched just about all of them. I love that channel. I've been subbed since he had only a few videos and barely a few thousand subscribers.
@@EdinburghMayhem you'd really think that at some point their blood actually turned blue
@@msshelfbooty9742 I think Juana was very pretty, at least how she was portrayed in the painting. I don’t think she looked particularly inbred.
I'm from the Philippines. There's this story that after the Philippines was colonized, and Spain established a government, there was an incident that the Spaniards hung a portrait of their king, Philip II, in one of the town offices. The pinoys took one look at the portrait, and started laughing in jest, calling him "Babalu" (long chin). The portrait was removed the next day.
Almost offensive how the Philippines was named after an inbred hooligan
That's a really funny story!! You know, my first teen love was an Ecuadorian young man that had that underbite, and, people made fun of him, when he ate. Now, knowing about this hereditary trait, I'd say he's a direct descendant of of the Hapsburgs. His mother also had the same chin, so did his younger sister.
Bullshit. By the time Philip II died not there was not a single town in the Philippines. Let alone say thay there was not portraits in any "offices". Portraits were extremely expensive at that time. All that could see is the image from the coins and that coins as you can see today were not prominent chins in those reales and doblones.
babalu already existed during spain's colonization?
@@keiotani2063It's a common tease word for a person with an elongated chin. That's where the actor Babalu got his screen name and not the other way around lmao.
I can't help but cry for poor Charles. 38 years spent on this earth suffering, being made fun of, and having people trying to exorcise nonexistent demons from your body.
How he survived all he did I will never know.
I don’t feel sorry for him for how he bullied others having his own private freak show to entertain him
@@ElpSmith true
@ElpSmith
Chances are you would have had your freak show too if you were a royal of the time.
Your culture and morality are beyond the things you can control. They're much bigger than you and they simply happen, just like a fish happens to be born in saltwater and not in freshwater.
Are you sure you're aware of which of your deeds will be considered absolutely deplorable 100 years from now?
Nope.
You're stuck blindfolded on this ride, the least you can do is to have pity for the poor souls on your same boat.
So yeah, feel sorry for the guy, he had it rough.
@@ElpSmith he was the freak show??? how did he hire his own kin???
The fact alone that they were so inbred that it took multiple videos to fully explain is absolutely hysterical.
At the end I was like "man, that was some nonsense! " Then she talkin bout, "I'll be back with the other branch." 🤣
Lol
One of the most complicated family “trees” ever 😂😂
Lmao
@@sto1238 This is no tree. It’s a wreath.
It’s crazy that not ONE of them woke up and realized “Marrying someone I’m literally related to is gross, let me marry someone else”
back in the days they wanted to persevere their dynasty so they didn’t care if they had to marry any relatives even if they were siblings 😬😬
Cousin marriages wasn't uncommon, yes? But uncle/aunt-niece/nephew...I mean, to me, by Deus that's disgustang.
If you can go back far enough in your own family tree you will find cousins marrying cousins.
It's not like they had a choice and they didn't knew about genetics
@@B1lly_ Uncle Niece is okay by the Old Testament (YUK!), but not Aunt Nephew.
"He baffled his physicians by continuing to live" That's definitely an understatement.😖
The entire life of Charles is baffling. Dude SHOULD have died like his poor siblings, yet lived even if he had all the diseases. I think that he quotes 'Yo soy nada' which means 'I am nothing'. Talk all you will about him and his family, but that onle line chills me.
Charles having almost every disease as a kid and living through all of them is like the "Task failed successfully" Meme.
It's like his body should have in no way lived though even one of them but because the genes were so broken any virus or bacteria just couldn't kill him
It's like an episode of Simpsons (i think) where one of the characters had so many illnesses, that they neutrolised each other)
@@jekylljekyllhyde821 Mr. Burns!
Its a miracle he even survived childhood!
"OK. This guy has to be the wake up call for these people"
I wonder if any studies were done to figure out how he survived all that. Maybe some trip messed up mutation from inbreeding
8:01 "The queen demanded that the funeral party travel only at night so that no women would see her dearly departed and be overwhelmed with desire for him." This is so bizarrely hilarious that you can almost ignore how deranged it is.
ain't no body want her man
I had to show my husband this.
I told I planned yo do this 🤣🤣🤣😂😂😂🤣😵
@@julias2855 I had this vision of a horde of women charging the procession and the royal guard trying to hold them back, with some trying to pry open the coffin. It's hysterical.
@@algini12
Yes! That’s me too. 🤣🤣
Those things are possibly untrue and exaggeration to make her look crazy and remove her from the throne so her father could rule. Her son continued with the farce so he could reign as well.
My three reactions to this video:
"She was his third cousin-"
Me: Oh, thank god.
"Remarkably, she was outside the bloodline!"
Me: Yes! There we go!
"He next married his niece..."
Me: NO! NOOOO!
These poor damn kids never asked for this nonsense, it's a shame so many of them were too diseased to live, or lived horrible lives.
I would rather be poor my whole life then deal with this crap.
Exactly. I feel so bad for these people. Even if they ended up becoming terrible people, they still didn't ask to be born, let alone inbred.
3rd or 1st all are same, for healthy children marry unrelated & non-inbreeded family😅
@@shubh3ndu actually 3rd cousins are generally distant enough for it not to be an issue. The real issue is when those 3rd cousins parents inbreed any closer than that, which I do not believe is the case.
@@katielynn4438yah!! But More Variation in gene pool Means more genetically superior race, that's how I see things so I prefer a loopless family tree either it's 4rth,5th,...... or xth.If I have chance I would do a intercontinental marriage.😂😂
"After which he rose from his coffin"
"and went to have lunch."
That part got me.
“He baffled his physicians by continuing to live”. That’s a hell of a sentence.
“Philip the Handsome” whew... standards weren’t high back then.
That's what I was thinking, too! 😂 Unless the portrait was unflattering? But legit, I'm imagining his widow freaking out about me seeing him, and I'm just like, "Reyna... él no es guapo. Jajaja."
Beauty standards differed back then, so it's all subjective. Back then they probably did find him handsome, but nowadays we wouldn't because the standards have changed.
They were just humoring him. No one wanted to mention that he looked like Lord Farquaad if he got stung by a bee.
Philip the Fair
@@FoxtrotMouse and was allergic to bees
These poor women who were married off to cousins and uncles and pressured to give birth to healthy male children despite the clear health complications in their family line... terrifying.
Yeah that part of the history is so especially disturbing and tragic, yet seems to be underplayed whenever it's brought up. Poor women AND poor little girls 🤢 seen as nothing but a womb and/or political currency from the moment they're born, & then forced to suffer through horrible pregnancies, miscarriages, losing most or all of their children & likely dying young 😞
I mean, it’s not as if any of the royals really had any choice. Whomever was in charge of the family would likely arrange the marriages, regardless of what the men and women wanted. It just so happens that the women were also heavily controlled by their husbands, unless they were the Queen or Heiress.
I think Jonathan Swift wrote in Gulliver's Travels that if there are ever any princes or kings who are in excellent health with a sound mind, you can be sure that their real father is a stable boy and not the king. If only poor Marie Louise d'Orleans or Maria Anna of Nuremberg had taken up horseback riding and had an occasional roll in the hay. I'm sure everyone in the Spanish court was desperate enough for an heir that they'd look the other way, especially for a male heir to keep the throne under Spanish control. It looks like every generation of the Hapsburg queens were faithful to a fault.
Yeah there is no definite proof to that claim of a healthy king being the product of a stable boy. Firstly women committing adultery in the middle ages was near impossible since they had little privacy and the consequences were either death or being sent to a convent. Secondly inbreeding doesn't mean that the child will end up health issues. It just increases the likelihood of the child inheriting harmful recessive genes
@@Doomzdeh okay but who said the lack of choice was to blame? Regardless of how it happened the OP's point is how tragic and unjust it was for those children and women. "Whomever is in charge of the family" Is that not likely to be the eldest patriarch and/or the ruling King/Queen, ie, royals? I also fail to understand what you mean by "just so happened" to be controlled by their husbands. With this being the case in the large majority if not all of the marriages, do you really think it was always some kind of coincidence and that the strict doctrine of royal families, gender roles, toxicity, misogyny and cultural environment had nothing to do with it?
I feel horrible for juana's story. The fact she refused to bury her husband and would sleep next to his body is really sad, yet sweet.
Yeah, Her greif was just so consuming. And due to her mental illnesses she probably was manic and even more upset. She was probably still in shock and seeing her attachment and devotion to her husband you can see why. She latched onto him to try to cope and he was just gone so it must have been torturous!
thats psychotic
@@asmithakur03 fr they romanticizing ts like it’s okay like don’t get me wrong it’s a sad story but tht shit was still fucked up lol
Why is it when a woman does something shockingly insane. We act like it's romantic? If a man kept his wife's body and slept with it. We'd put him in jail. And rightfully so.
@@StockingAnarchy112I honestly don't think she had any mental illness. I'm a Spaniard and we study our history more thoroughly. More unbiased records show her being angry over her power being stripped from her because she was a woman, despite the fact that she should have been indeed queen of all Spain. She was very fierce and way too honest about everything so they made up a lot of rumors and made them official. Cancel culture ain't new😂
During 150 years not a single person questioned that "maybe we are having these problems because of something we are doing"
Wild that for like 150 years, multiple generations, you had plenty of peasants who knew better than to breed horses like that ... but the royals didn't seem to know that was the reason for all their misfortunes. Instead of consulting mystics and priests they should have just asked the nearest ostler. So sad that so many people suffered so horribly.
More like since the Stone Age
They're too inbred to do that!
And all these years later those in power are still out of touch with the common people and it hurts all of us
They believed their blood was better than the peasants you talked about and they needed to keep that bloodline pure the problem is that leads into to inbreeding, lost of immune system and finally Sterility.
Im pretty sure they know full well the effects of inbreeding. But it was a risk they were willing to take for power and money.
I once read a joke that if Charles II of Spain (El Hechizado, literally “the bewitched/the cursed”) was any more inbred, he’d be a sandwich 😂
🥁
LOL 😆 🤣 One of the best jokes I've seen 🤣
🤣🤣🤣
That’s horrible😝But so true and funny😂
I dont get the joke can someone explain
Juana's "disease" is widely disputed by historians and it is widely believed that it was greatly exaggerated to take her power away from him.
I have 3 double first cousins, who aren't actually double first cousins, but are the same level of related to me genetically as if they were. A DNA test pretty much shows us as half siblings, despite having different mothers and totally unrelated fathers. Thankfully I'm not married to any of them. Lol. This happened because my mom has an identical twin sister. Since identical twins are basically natural clones of each other , sharing pretty much exactly identical genes.. That set of cousins and I are as related as if we had the same mother. Despite physically being 2 different people, in 2 different bodies, our mothers being identical twins are the same person as far as genes are concerned... Shit gets confusing doesn't it? Lol
This reminds me of a case of two twin brothers marrying two twin sisters, and how despite being legally cousins, their kids were genetically siblings because their mothers and fathers shared the same DNA.
That’s actually fascinating
@@zoeb3573 one of the brothers was a teacher at my old high school. the awe factor is gone after you see the guy for four years and hear the story all of the time lol. it was more interesting how concentrated the twin/triplet population was in my school.
You know it's bad when you have to list the _multiple_ familial relationships a husband and wife had before they ever married
yeah like imagine: the husband is the wife's uncle, brother, nephew, father, grandfather, great grandfather, granduncle (grandfather's brother) son, etc. the wife was- im too lazy so all the familial titles for the wife-
@@Ihavenopointinliving I’m laughing so fucking hard about all the familial titles
Niece and Furst cousin, or double furst cousin, its too confusing
The craziest part is that the church already had rules on consanguity, which seemed to have been completely ignored by royals unless it was convenient to get rid of an unwanted spouse.
Dispensations.
Well that's the church for you🙄
Since when has the Church ever practiced what they preached?
The church couldn't do anything if the royalty didn't accept it, see the case of Henry viii
Which is why the Catholic Church should be toppled. Hypocrisy is their bread and butter.
I think this is the first time I've ever genuinely felt bad for someone who was a king. That must have been a rough life.
this on my recommended after the Dream face reveal 💀💀💀 FOUUUUL
I did read once that Charles II was just intelligent enough to know that he was seriously messed up, and that everyone was basically just waiting for him to die. That probably did no favors for him mentally either.
Truth be told, he was much smarter than history has written about him. It must be taken into account that the Bourbons, who were enemies for centuries, made a very good propaganda in discrediting the Hansburg saying that Charles was bewitched when they took the Spanish throne. Felipe V was nuts but history, written by pro-French and anti-Spanish since then, has been more benevolent with him than with Charles.
That is actually true. Charles II did have motor problems and couldn't walk, eat or speak properly, this last one is what led to people thinking he was completely dimwitted. In reality he wasn't that stupid and was smart enough to chose capable men to hold the offices of the State leading to an economic superavit after years of deficit due to constant wars.
@@elisawilde8623 wasn't his mother the regent while he was king ?
A very tragic and painful life.
That's horrible
Damn Charles literally just kept on getting sick with everything that was deadly and still kept on living 💀
yes it was the in those times id like to call it the no modern medicine ill heal and live with the shit
Like Mr. Burns
I’d rather be poor than my parents be cousins
He didn't actually have all those things at once. Those are just possible conditions he might have had but some are even mutually exclusive (fragile X and klinefelter sy). Still scary to think he probably had more than one of the ones mentioned.
That's some S-Tier perseverence right there.
Charles V and his wife Isabella's love story is one of my favorites. I just wanted to both recommend reading more on it, it's really touching, and also add that he didn't marry her for purely political reasons. When his family pushed for him to marry her, he actually refused. They met later on, like a year or so if I recall, and hit it off.
Seriously though, the only mistress he's known to have had after marrying her was after her death, and only one. He often praised how she handled stuff when he was out, he wanted to be buried beside her, wore black for the rest of his life, etc. Makes one wonder if fairytale romances can happen in real life.
I agree with Charles II’s doctors: it’s truly amazing that he lived as long as he did with all of those conditions, both what doctors at the time said and what medical historians speculated! Especially considering what the doctor who examined him at his death said about his body’s condition!
In my old biology book from high school, it pointed out that even though Charles Darwin knew that inbreeding was dangerous he also married his cousin. But when my teacher pointed it out in a lecture, I remember him getting so irritated about that part that he was all like “he’s a hypocrite sorry not sorry” 😂🤣
It's like "Why dude just WHY 😭?!? You KNEW, but you did the shit anyway!!" The hypocrisy was strong with this one lol 😂.
If I remember correctly, he didn't know just how bad it could be until he had already married his cousin and lost a few kids, it's said he found out most of what he knew from looking at inbred plants in his garden. Everyone back then knew marrying siblings could be very bad(hence why it was considered reason and the people were executed) but it was thought marrying cousins wasn't as dangerous and if you had a papal dispensation they thought God would protect you from the bad effects.(Sorry for the paragraph I just find this subject interesting😅)
Stick to second cousins kids
I'm still trying to understand why he married his own cousin even though he knew it was a bad idea.
@@autisticdanceryou know those people who give advice but never take it. Yeah that’s him
What's interesting is that many peasants at the time were fully aware of the consequences that come from inbreeding, having learned them from breeding their horses and other farm animals.
Yeah. Just like all their knowledge surrounding child birth. The midwives knowing they needed to pull out the placenta if it didn’t drop.
@@elizabethrhone5516 It may be that that's what caused the "childbed fever" mentioned in this video. Poor royal wives ... I'm glad I wasn't a rich/royal in those days or even today.
Well rich ppl eventually adopt the healthier habits of the working and poor such as moving your body, eating fish ... not marrying your sister...
Most royal families knew not to inbred either -- in fact I think the Holy Roman Empire and churchs even looked down upon it. However, marriages were a political act and the choice of marriages were small -- they had to be high in status, an alliance from another country or both. You could not marry someone off to an enemy country nor if you married your child into the wrong nobility they could potentially cause issues or even usurp you. Marrying into family was the safest option at the time. Most church people and officials allowed it under the condition of bribery of money and goods.
@kellyli7925 The Catholic church granted a Royal Dispensation if they were too closely related, on top of the bribes I'm sure.
Something my town’s native people did to pervert incest was you cannot married someone of your own clan,and your child was in the clan of the mother, and something I just learned yesterday was the boys would be taught by the uncle because they thought the father would be to soft on them
This kind of reminds me of the clans in realm of the elderlings
19:08 “He baffled his physicians by continuing to live.”
Finally, someone else who I can spiritually relate to
I don’t know if it’s only me but i think that it was really stupid of the court and the nation to blame Marie Louise for not having a child when her husband Charles II was literally the proof of her inability in conceiving a child. It baffles me how even when the husband had many signs of weaknesses and not being able to perform in the bed, the wife was still the one to blame for it all.
They never place responsibility on the male for infertility specially if the male is the king. Always blamed the woman. As they said, “when in doubt, blame the woman.” They were stupid like that.
Yep. Henry VIII loved to blame his no sons problems on his wives.
SOOOO MUCH THISS!!!
I mean it was the 1600s, what do you expect 🤷🏾♀️
The woman was the vessel into which the the man implanted the baby. If she did not carry that baby she was not accepting his gift. If she had a girl she was cursed by God because God saw he as not fit for a boy. Anatomy was a strong point in their day. They had no idea. The royal kings being God mandated could not possibly be to blame because it would be criticising God.
when I was a kid i used to think if I could travel back in time, I'd want to be part of a royal family. After seeing this and other videos, being a peasant doesn't seem half bad.
Same!
You could still be a part of the nobility just not the royal family. Still better off than a peasant, but not as inbred as the royals.
Honestly yeah
You'd have had to work your you-know-what off if you were a peasant way back when, but then again, the odds of being a drooling idiot with an extremely underslung jaw would have been substantially lower than if you'd been royalty. Of the two options, I think that I'd choose the former one too. 😆
Yeah, being a peasant wouldn’t have been bad. Working all day under the sun but then going home to your little cottage, eating some rabbit stew and bread...not a bad life.
People feeling bad for Juana for being called crazy, meanwhile Mariana had a kid and got sick and people legit didn't notice because they were preoccupied with the baby.
I feel so badly for Charles. I can’t imagine suffering through a life like that. It’s ridiculous to me that the family didn’t even bother to question their decisions about inbreeding because they thought they were gods chosen ??? Baffling
Joanna the "mad" has always struck me as a desperately tragic story. As someone who has struggled with mental illnesses myself, I am well aware that I'm not stupid, just because I'm depressed, and that lack of sleep and loneliness are enough to drive anyone to some pretty wild things they would not normally do. She deserved so much better.
Sssooo true!! Read the amazing book on her mother that also explores her story. "Isabella: The Warrior Queen" by Kirstin Downey. It's a brilliant work on a lot of levels.
I agree- I feel terribly sorry for her. And her husband was horrible to do that to her.
Definitely. It’s very frustrating when people demean her as being “mad” when her circumstances where several of her family members imprisoned her made it impossible to not react in the way she did. I have a lot of sympathy for her.
@@abbyleclere3158 SSSOOO MUCH!!! Her husband especially was an absolutely horrendous asshole. Yet what's interesting is he was another abuse victim in his childhood. The men of the family had a lot of issues with Predators that were never held accountable.
I agree. From what i've learned I think she was more sane than the rest of her family. Her husband and mother both treated her horribly. (And I'm sorry for what you went through, hope everything's okay now.)
For me when you say “they were second cousins” I say to myself “wow that’s distant for them, good on them for spreading the gene pool.”
LOL!
by second cousins or further, the genetic overlap that results in recessive issues is not much more (if any) than the background within a small town or tribe, which is why second cousin marriage is still legal in a lot of places (including the US).
@@iesika7387 Heck, first cousin marriage is legal. As much as I love my male cousins the idea of marrying one of them would have grossed me out. They felt like brothers.
@@iesika7387 Obviously! Way to take a joke!
Goodness gracious great balls of fire!
Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil was of Habsburg lineage too (His mother was from Habsburg-Lothringer line of austrian Habsburgs) Curiously, he was famous for his high intelect and very mild disposition, for an Emperor of his stature. He also didn't want the empire, aspiring to be a man of sciences and arts.. which was denied to him of course. He still had his voyages out there and racked some fun histories walking the worlds. He dilsiked pomp so much that he travelled without entourages and all... and people oft wondered who was that mild manered old man.. to just realize they were talking with an emperor like he was one of them.
The tradition of extreme inbreeding by the Hapsburgs might have been passed on or inspired by the Trastamara’s, since they were even more inbred than the Hapsburgs beforehand. After all Juana La Loca was a Trastamara. Her parents were already cousins, and Her grandparents were already cousins as well. Same with the house of Avís of Portugal, they were inbred with heavily within the family as well as within the Trastamara’s.
I can't stop imagining being the poor woman dragged in to marry a Hapsburg. Like this dude's probably drooling and wheezing and barely stands up on his own and you want me to make him an heir? You want more of them??
His first wife was terrified when she first saw him.
@@aryastargirl5593 She killed herself by overdosing on sugar.
Yeah, I'd be looking around at the servants, cooks, guards, etc.
He probably stunk to high hell and who knows what he was trying in the bedroom. Absolutely disgusting. That’s someone who can’t even take care of themself.
his pp was probably fucked up from all the inbreeding too. i think id rather die than have any kind of relationship with a hapsburg.
Charles was his mother's cousin (his mother's uncle's son) and his father's great-nephew (his father's niece's son). As a result, he was literally his own cousin (particularly apparent on his father's side - his father was his uncle, he was his father's son and nephew...)
Moreover, genetically his parents were about equivalent to half-siblings due to all the previous inbreeding. So genetically he was his mother's son, cousin (mother's uncle's kid), and nephew (mother's brother's kid) and his father's son, great-nephew, and regular nephew (his father's sister's kid).
Charles' DNA must have been a friggen mobius strip.
Holly shit. You right. The poor guy never stood a chance. All those poor poor children who died young or never got to live at all. Nature found a way to finally end that fucked up genetic line.
Same I said that
''I'm my own grampa''
Tbh I feel bad for Charles. He didn’t ask to be born and on top of his health issues he had to rule a country. I hope we always remember him as a sign that incest is not only gross, but cruel to the potential children born from it.
@@zephyr3693 Truly
Juana was definitely not mad. She was stripped of her right to the crown, and was rightfully loud and angry about it. They made up all the rumors to legally justify robbing her.
Also, as a Spaniard your pronunciation of "hechizado" was hilarious.
Otherwise great video!
She probably suffered from postpartum depression due to multiple pregnancies in quick succession. She also was undoubtedly aggressively jealous of her husband. She attacked one of his lovers with scissors. Back then, noblewomen were expected to put up with affairs so this behavior contributed to her reputation.
It's very cool that you touched on biology and explained it very well. I like the variety in your videos and you are a very versatile and gifted story teller. I hope you do science and math related history videos some day. Female scientists and mathematician series maybe, please? 😎
If we are speculating about medical conditions: Juana may have had a severe case of Borderline disease. It is caused by childhood abuse (and being tortured by her own mother is definitely abuse) and people with this disorder have problems to be separated from people they love (which may have been the cause of her not letting her dead husband being buried).
Borderline disease? Do you mean Borderline Personality Disorder??
@@toffeestrange7706 Yes, you are right. I sometimes have word finding problems.
actually, the most plausible thing is that she wasn't mad at all but was extremely stressed with her situation and with her husband cheating on her all the time, but her husband wanted the spanish crown and her parents didn't want that, her father tried to have more children after Isabel's death marrying a second time but he didn't have more heirs, meanwhile he locked up his daughter so she couldn't reign... really sad truly (also isabel never abused any of her children there is no evidence of that, she even did everything she could to educate her children in all she could, even her daughters which wasn't common at all in that time)
I have borderline and I don't think that's how it works at all lol. I don't have issues being separated from my loved ones, thats moreso separation anxiety. my symptoms are more like "Hey, this person I love looked at me the wrong way. I'm now going to hate their guts for no reason and spend the next 5 days extremely angry"
@@peepawfart Thank you for sharing your experience. I have listened to a podcast of a psychotherapist who has many borderline patients. And he was discussing the Amber Heard/Johnny Depp trial. And one of the forensic psychologists at the trial has diagnosed Amber Heard with borderline. The therapist who did the podcast picked up on that and said, while he could not diagniose her himself without speaking to her, she was showing many of the symptoms of borderline, and one of them was the separation anxiety, and that was the reason why she was so abusive to Johnny when he wanted to leave a fight she had started. He also said, that not every patient has the same symptoms, and most borderline patients are not abusive. So you not having this symptom does not mean other patients can't have it. And this therapist is very experienced in treating borderline.
Fun fact I recently recreated the Spanish Hapsberg tree on the Sims 4 (with a mod that allows family marriage) and it literally broke the genealogy system lol
EDIT: after two weeks I have made a video showcasing my efforts ua-cam.com/video/i-9WwpGdW_E/v-deo.html
Omg, how dedicated you’re, I’ve never even thought of this
@@dnister_nymph it took a while but the resulting tree is insane since the genealogy system won’t show incest closer than first cousins once removed (so a sim’s parents first cousin/ a sims child’s first cousin) so the tree had to orientate itself in a way that showed these first cousin/ niece-nephew marriages as cousins lol
@@emilybarclay8831 That’s sad, but still very impressing 🙃
@@sweetdaydreamer8868 I don’t have a ticktok unfortunately lol
@@dnister_nymph it's not sad if you're both interested and fascinated! I think it's quite smart. 😊
I'm from Kazakhstan (the country in Central Asia), and since childhood we are taught to know the name of our 7 ancestors in order to avoid inbreed marriages, because it's strictly prohibited. Personally in my family I know the lineage of both parents, and as I know, we are allowed to get marry above ten ancestors. I studied a little bit and found out that the system was suggested by medical scientist Oteyboydak Tleukabyl uly in XIV century. And it's not muslim thing, because for example some arabs and turkish people marry their cousin. So, if it was well known here in Europe - who knows maybe poor women wouldn't suffer of having stillborn babies and miscarriages so often.
You have to know seven generations back of all your ancestors? I'm from the US and there weren't even permanent birth records that far back in my family 🤯
@@wintergray1221 ohh I see, we have to know 7 fathers, So basically I know the names and origin of my dad, grandad, gran-grandad, gran-gran-grandad and so on till the 7th ancestor gran-gran-gran smth. The thing is mostly people in my country know their father's generation but not mom's side. But some families (like mine) do learn mother's side too.
I always feel terrible for Charles II of Spain. From the reports, he probably had the best attitude of the Spanish kings. He loved his wife and did his best to keep the country's debt down instead of buying even more gold-covered furniture that he would end up staring at because there was so much in the palace. Would have been a cool dude. Had the worst parents/cousins/brothers/etc.
Wow...
And he was actually fairly intelligent, he just had a fucked up family tree. I can't help but feel sorry for the man.
Yeah but Didn't he make fun of a little girl and asked someone to paint a portrait one clothed and one nude the painting is also called the monster something 💀
@San I have never heard either of those. The paintings I think you’re referring to are the naked and clothed Maya, which were painted 100 year after Charles II's death. And I don't know if Charles made enough public appearances to mock anyone.
@@San-yp4hm Yeah he liked her. He felt "weird" people like them where the only people that could understand him. It was a woman that couldnt stop gaining weight. She died young as you might assume.
I wouldn't really call it obliviousness. More like the need to keep wealth and power in the family while also just thinking they were better than the peasants.
sufficient greed and arrogance is indistinguishable from pure stupidity
@@LionMettled Just look at anyone in downtown Toronto
You’d think after the Senior branch of the family literally inbred itself into a dead end and losing Spain over it they’d quit the policy of cousin marriages.
Don't forget preventing wars!
It's not something they were proud of.
Can we just appreciate how the voice sounds like it's giving life hacks the entire time and I'm here for it
Oh! I found something interesting with this side of the family: there was one prior marriage between the Habsburgs and the house of Aragon. It was between Philip the Handsome’s younger sister Margaret and Juan, Prince of Austrias (Juana’s older brother). This marriage did not result in living children. They had a premature daughter who didn’t live long, and whose father died before she did. Margaret ended up staying in the Spanish court once her brother married Juana, and even helped raise her nieces and nephews.
Thanks for the tea!
It's so tragic that literally EVERYONE ignores electress of Bavaria, Maria Antonia because she managed to survive into adulthood, to be known for her mild character and intelligence and even to produce several children, all that being even more inbred than her disgusting uncle. I do hope that you mention her in your next video because she definitely deserves to be remembered, not only as an heiress to the Spanish throne but also as a victim of her ancestors' mistakes
She'll probably talk about her in the next part - the Austrian line since this is only the spanish line
Don't know about the use of the word "tragic" being used in this context, but it seems that her health and intellect is certainly an interesting departure from the curse of incest ....hmmm - perhaps there was a bit of hanky-panky going on with her mum...?? Wouldn't be the first time.
This is why adultery is always considered a very bad thing, morally and common-sense wise, because if dad or mum had extra-marital relations around the neighborhood then further off-spring could wind up marrying their half-brother or half sister.
.
@Ladybug in this case- of the Hapsburgs I find myself whatnot they'd have more affairs if only to get some fresh blood in there.
@@lissaquon607 habsburg*
it seems like male descendants are more unlucky when it comes to inbreeding as compared to females, read somewhere that it’s due to them lacking the extra X chromosome
I can't imagine how disfigured their stillborn babies were that they died upon birth. Even for the surviving children, how can their parents not be horrified seeing the physical results their offspring like Charles II?
They probably thought they were cursed or something
What’s crazy is that even today in the US, it’s totally legal to have children with your second cousin and in some states, even your first cousin. You’d think we would have learned from people like the Hapsburgs.
In Illinois, it's legal as long as both parties are over fifty.
I will never think of the music in the background as anything but Sam O'Nella mucic 😂
inbreeding aside, lets not forget that all of Charles reports of his sick health were made by foreign narrators who were trying to discedit him in favour of Louis XIV of France. He was sick alright, but he was also one of the longest reigning (and living) Spanish monarchs, and during his reign the economy improved and birthrates increased. He also put his feelings aside for the good of the country, and appointed Louis XIV's grandson as the heir to the Spanish throne to unite the kingdom, even though he was a relative of his biggest rival.
It was because of his mother, she was the queen regent. He was unable to rule or guide a country. He was not intelligent enough
He wasn't actually ruling. He was literally incapable of ruling.
With his iq of 55?
Most of these portraits are in a mansion/museum in Glasgow. I found it really funny that as you walk through the house and see portraits down the family tree you could see the people, including babies, become uglier and uglier until you end on Charles II.
Are they in Kelvingrove? I visited there once but I don’t even think I got to see all of it.
@@kimberlyoldschool No it's Pollok House, it's a bit far from the centre but really worth a visit! Kelvingrove is great too, I hope you got to see the Dali!
Maybe copies as I've seen the originals of many of these at the Prado Museum
@@Xiroi87 No there are a lot of original portraits of the Habsburgs in Pollok House in Glasgow. Charles II's face is not one you easily forget! I bet that these people had lots of portraits done in their lives and they are now dispersed in different museums.
They had to marry each other because they were so ugly no one else would have them.
So many of Oversimplifed's jokes are playing in my head 😂 "Mommy says it's a strong chin for a strong boy!"
"Mary! We're all inbred!"
@@Omashu2425 Ah, I see you’re a man of culture as well.
@@XFD42069 I'm something of a man of culture myself.
I’m from Spain and have studied the Austrias, as we call them here, both at school and at home. Their inbreeding is well known, however, a couple of the stories mentioned are a result of a distorted retelling of Spanish history by the English and the Dutch, who were building competing Empires at the time and concocted the Black Legend. However backwards or fanatical we perceive them today, most of Europe and the rest of the world was like this.
East Asia wasn’t though. China/Korea was famous for their rulers having concubines that usually come from peasantry; the prettiest peasants get to be royalty.
Idk if this will be mentioned in the video but Charles’s sister Margret (who appeared to be physically healthy) married her paternal cousin/maternal uncle HRE Leopold I and had a daughter with him, Maria Antonia, who herself married a man who was afaik unrelated to her, and had one son who died at 6 of violent seizures, his mother having died in childbirth at 23.
Margret had two miscarriages and four live births in 6 years but only one of her children survived, she died 4 months into her 7th pregnancy, at aged 21. Her daughter died at 23 and her grandson at 6, so clearly this family was not genetically healthy.
The fact that Maria Antonia was even more inbred than her uncle Charles but was reported to be a physically normal and highly intelligent girl is quite incredible. Her inbreeding coefficient was higher than a parent-child pairing iirc
The fact that both Margaret and her daughter died in childbirth had more to do with the lack of hygiene that was fairly common at that time, but certainly the genetics didn't help.
That's in the next episode when Lindsay covers the Austrian line.
Yes! It's so tragic that everyone keeps forgetting about Maria Antonia and Margaret Theresa. How against all odds they managed to survive and carry multiple children despite their poor health. Poor women
Well, physically "normal" - painted portraits tended to flatter the subject, and Margaret still had the pronounced jaw, if not as severe as her brother, in her portraits - the reality was, a woman's appearance was a big deal on the marriage market, so for most historical princesses/queens, it's hard to know what they "really" looked like.
Maria Antonia was closely related to her husband, Maximilian Emanuel of Bavaria.
They're second cousins.
Both were descended from Ferdinand II HRE.
I don't think any Habsburgs (before 1800s) married someone further than third cousin. Haha.
About Juana, there is a very strong current that defends that she was not mad, but rather referred to as such so that others could seize control of her vast dominions and riches. In fact, many people insist on calling her 'Juana of Castille' (Juana de Castilla) rather than 'the mad', to honour the injustices that were committed against her, and plays and recreations of her trials and life are enacted in some parts of Castilla y León, such as Burgos.
Which of course does not mean that she was not mad, but maybe not so much as it was made to seem.
I don't know. The whole story of her transporting her husband to his grave is _pretty_ mad. I'm not sure how much madder you can get than thinking that random women are going to try to sleep with your husband's decomposing corpse if they see it.
Sure but there are also many people today who don't believe severe mental illnesses like schizophrenia are "real." Claiming it's impossible that Juana suffered from it is just more denialism and wishful thinking. It further spreads the harmful narrative that schizophrenia isn't a real disease and can be fixed by willpower or better circumstances.
Ultimately this is harmful because people with schizophrenia are expected to cure themselves through willpower which is physically impossible. Just like a deaf person can't suddenly hear by trying really hard.
That's why we have thousands of schizophrenics living on the streets while society explains it away as "well, that's simply their choice and who are we to impede in someone's freedom to live the way they want?" Meanwhile they are imprisoned by their own minds.
Eh, laying with your husband's decomposing body is a sure sign that you deserve the title "the Mad."
@@DovahFett Yeah she was nuts.
Nothing is ever black and white and certainly not when it comes to history, but where there is smoke there is fire. Also, remember people back then lacked anything better to do than to gossip about their royal families, so while a lot may have been exaggerations, you can't say she was a great statewoman either.
I had Habsburg jaw and have TSC, a genetic DNA complex (which causes a ton of stuff as well as TAND). The one sides jaw malformation (unilateral buccal -sided mandibular exostosis) turned out to be a boney tumor and cyst.
Katherine of Aragon, first wife to Henry VIII of England, was also daughter to Isabel II and Ferdinand. She had one child who lived to adulthood and had several still births or miscarriages. Any English histories never bring up her family history as the possible cause for this, but it does make sense that it was the possible cause of her sad child bearing history.
“Scientist have crunched the numbers and it turns out the risk that first cousins have a kid who inherits a genetic disease is 4-7%. For the general population, it’s 3-4%.” That’s from a study from 2008. Can’t wait for part two. The Hapsburgs fascinate me. They’re a genetic train wreck.
I feel so bad for the children who suffered and probably never knew what it felt like to be healthy ever in their lives.
It's a notable increase, but small overall. But when you stack it....
I don't care what science says don't marry your 1st or 2nd cousin. Gross
I don't see what's so gross about it as logn as a sustainable gene pool is maintained and healthy relationships nurtured.
Trust me it’s not small go play Holdem.
"When Juana caught her husband cheating, she stabbed the woman in the face."
Yep, that's a Spanish girl alright. 🤣
“Oh no you di’int!” *(removes hoop earrings)*
not this being in my recommended after watching Dream's face reveal 💀
Thanks for this video! It was well-researched and fascinating all the way through. Tragic to think how much pain these people went through, both physically and psychologically, all for tradition. If they had just stopped marrying their cousins, they may not have lost so many children.
Joan of Castile was never mad, in fact, she was so beautiful that until her father invented that she was mad to usurp her throne, she was known as Joan the Beautiful. The figures of Juana of Castile, Catherine of Aragon and Isabella the Catholic are three women who are very misunderstood by history, probably because they were too far ahead of their time, as well as being women. Many historians claim that Isabella, if she had been born a man, would be known as the Great instead of the Catholic.
PS: The Inquisition was not invented in Spain, it was created in the 12th century by Pope Lucius III as an instrument to combat the Cathar heresy in the south of France.
OK so I agree with the fact that those women are indeed misunderstood Juana did most likely stuffer from many mental illnesses. However, I agree that her father definitely aggravated the situation.
Were the Cathar the sect that jumped off cliffs rather than be taken prisoner?
Well, his husband Ferdinand was also called "the catholic", so that's debatable, but yeah, Queen Isabella is underrated
You can be beautiful and still have schizophrenia. This continued denial that severe mental illness isn't real is extremely harmful.
She most definitely suffered from postpartum depression or just depression in general. Her grandmother also suffered from mental illness + Catherine’s obsessive fasting, wearing of a hair shirt and melancholic attitude after her miscarriages and divorce suggest she also suffered from depression. Isabella was called the Catholic because she was a devout Catholic. Ferdinand was also called the Catholic. Isabella is one of the most famous monarchs in Europe and she definitely wasn’t ’ahead of her time’ since she was a religious fanatic.
many people assume charles II had mental disabilities because he also had physical ones. however, he actually possessed fairly good mental faculties, and actively participated in the governance of spain directly, trying to manage and mitigate its steady decline with some limited success. he was particularly invested in ensuring that, no matter who inherits his throne, that they inherit all of it, rather than see the realm divided. while he ultimately failed in that endeavour, as the war of the spanish succession after his death split spain's italian possessions from the mainland, he was still mentally fairly ok. the problem was his physical disabilities which left him vulnerable to illness, infertile and unable to take care of himself in certain basic tasks. nonetheless, he reportedly was able to hunt, and enjoyed doing so!
I am very impressed he lived until 38 and was mentally capable despite being so inbred.
The irony of Charles II being actually tortured by the supposed remedies and improving every time he left the royal court.
He was indeed fragile but history has been very exagerated around him
The greed of royals caused the suffering of so many innocents. So very sad, I have no respect for any of them to this day.
Poor little Charles II. It's amazing that he managed to live for 38 years despite all his illnesses.
Elizabeth II wasn’t just 3rd cousins with Prince Phillip, she was also 2nd cousins with him via their Danish ancestry.
2nd cousins once removed to be exact
Yes you are right. I knew this.
A family tree that looked more like a braided wreath is a great turn of phrase
As a Spaniard.... We were taught these things in school as if they were a joke lmao. My history teacher made so much fun of Carlos II, poor lad.
EDIT: just wanted to make a small correction. "hechizado" is pronounced as "e-chi (with ch like in chocolate)-tha-do". I started laughing my ass off when I heard that ch be pronounced as a k for some reason. Good effort though
I was watching another video on Chinese dynasties a while back, and someone pointed out that it's interesting that Chinese emperors didn't do the incest that European royalty did.
And it makes sense, since Chinese emperors kept their families in power and avoided succession crises by having tons of kids with their big harem of wives and concubines. Plus the obsession with the family bloodline being "pure" wasn't there, so even common women could become part of the harem and potentially give birth to the next emperor. (Though this system thankfully avoided the incest problem...it did cause tons of drama, manipulation, and murders within the harem, because each wife/concubine wanted to be the favorite one and have her son be the next emperor.)
Meanwhile, European royals were supposed to be monogamous, (though a lot of kings had mistresses and illegitimate kids) illegitimate kids weren't allowed on the throne, and there was the obsession with the "pure" bloodline. So the only way you could avoid a succession crisis with those rules was...incest. 🤢🤮
While I’m against polygamy it did keep the royal bloodlines from being completely fucked up
Ancient Egypt had inbred rotals too.
Most royal houses didn't see _their own_ bloodline as the only acceptable one to marry; they just thought they needed royal or noble "blood" in their matches. It still could have worked, if they had looked beyond the small handful of European houses they were already related to.
poor baby Charles... brought tears to my eyes. none of the children deserved the conditions they had, but he got the unluckiest card. the fact that they didn't realize their inbreeding was causing the problems is staggering to me. bewitched or possessed, my ass.
The crazy part about Philip II's and Maria Manuela's marriage is that they also share one pair of great-grandparents in Isabella and Ferdinand through multiple lineage because all four of their parents descended from them :D
Charles II's great, great, great grandparents are 10 individuals who do not appear in his family tree before that generation. The remaining 22 individuals all appear multiple times in the tree and include repetitions of the unique individuals.
Philip I of Castille,
Joanna the Mad,
Manuel I of Portugal,
Maria or Aragon,
Vladislav II of Hungry,
Anne of Foix-Candalle,
William IV of Bavaria,
Marie Jakobaea of Baden,
Francis I Duke of Lorraine,
Christina I of Denmark
Its wild how marrying cousins is also normal in the middle east. I remember having a girl or two in my school having physical problems due to her parents being cousins. My great grandparents were also cousins.
I'm from one of the country in Southeast-asia and marrying cousins is quite common, but the rule is "the _far_ the better". Its the 2nd or (preferably) 3rd cousins that allowed to be marrying each other. The rule supposed to be same for middle-east since we follow a lot social-norm from them.
It's the culture, the same that Turkish tried to bring into the Balkans but Balkans already beeing christianized on a part went with the Christian of 5th knee is safe, go for 10th or furrher. My grandma can still name every family in our village and beyond lol
It's common with Indians too it's pretty crazy
That's probably not why she had physical problems, you have people who are born disabled to parents who are not related, what do you think is the cause of that?.
@@purplelove3666 what you’re saying is true, but what i said was also true. It’s literally the reason why she had so many health issues and was in a wheelchair. she needed to have a nanny at all times and we were in high school at the time. her brain was like a 5 year old. it was common to be married as cousins so it wasn’t an outrage. they even encourage it here. and to answer your question, it wasn’t really a secret. we all knew
"An exquisite specimen of royal inbreeding, and a chin that can hit home run. Holy Roman emperor, Carlos V."
Carlos V: "Mummy says it's a strong chin for a strong boy!"
I thought it was Charles who the joke was about.
Charles is the English version of Carlos. Same person.
Oversimplified
Well you say your mummy is crazy Carlos so thats not a glittering description
Oh you watch Oversimplified too
you know somethings wrong when the family tree starts with 2 people and ends with 1
Mummy says it’s a strong Chin FOR A STRONG BOY
Hahahaha😂😂😂😂😂
The Habsburgs only became REALLY inbred after the family split into two branches--the senior Spanish branch and the junior Austrian branch. How did this happen? King Charles I of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor inherited all the Habsburg dominions. He experienced firsthand how difficult it was to run the Spanish Empire, the Holy Roman Empire and the Austrian lands all at the same time. It wore him thin. So he split his dominions into two. The Spanish lands he gave to his oldest son, Philip II. The Austrian lands and the Holy Roman Empire he gave to his younger brother, Ferdinand I. After this the descendants of Philip II only married the descendants of Ferdinand I. After two centuries of this, you got the sterile and grotesque Charles II of Spain. This genetic freak marked the end of the line for the senior Spanish branch of the family, and extreme inbreeding among the Habsburgs in general.
atleast the modern austrian habsburgs no longer considered incest-
Calling him a genetic freak is a little rough even though it's true, dude had no say in how he was conceived lol
"gentic freak" is a bit.... harsh. since the guy literally didn't choose to be born into this family or have all these rare conditions. its sad really
@@sky-wq7th it's true tho
Why exactly is the Spanish branch considered the "senior" one?
Darwin actually made observations on the inbreeding of plants and it was only after marrying his cousin that he found that it was also applicable to humans
mad props for mentioning mendel
11:25 becoming morbidly depressed, surrounding yourself with clocks and photos of you dead wife\cousin, carrying your coffin everywhere, and practicing your funeral??!!?! this guy needs a new way to cope
I'm from Paraguay, here we speak in Spanish and Guaraní, but I can speak and understand english very well, but this does'nt mean that I have to stop practicing, so I use this videos for example to learn more, I love History. And I can speak in spanish, english and Portuguese.
How cool! 😎 That's impressive. I only...speak the 1 language...but I'm American and we can be pretty lazy or Half-Assed...Like a lot...
@@mediocremaiden8883 I think American people (People from USA) Has a better education than our education.
Another American here super envious of your talent of language’s, wish I had the patience and smarts
@@nealjohnson2447 Don't worry, I don't have pacient and talent for Math for example. 😅
@@gustavoacostasanchez7603 Yes you are right about the education system here..which makes your accomplishments all the more impressive, and ours (americans) It is very sad the opportunities that are wasted on ungrateful, little assholes. This is why you will be successful in life, and my options are running out fast lol We need Intelligent adults and youngsters, please ! Did you think ever think about coming over? Over here to America? We aren't *all* bad I swear. What makes an American an American is being loyal to a set of ideals, the Constitution, instead of being loyal to one President or Head of Government. That's it ! That's all it takes. With your talent for languages I bet you could get here on a Work Visa like that! *snaps* Come over and become an Interpreter to the Ambassadors at United Nations in New York City and help us keep the peace! ✌️
Fun Fact: The Greek name Philip came to western Europe following concerns over inbreeding. In the XI c. Henri, king of France struggled to find a spouse unrelated to him, so he "imported" a princess from the Kievan Rus, Anna. Their firstborn was Philip the First and from him on Philip became one of the most used names for Capetian princelings. The name will come to the Habsburgs through their Burgundian marriage (The House of Valois-Burgundy was a Capetian line) whose main product was the Philip of Habsburg mentioned in the video.
It’s nice to know about Dream’s ancestry. He’s lucky to be descended from royalty.
18:09 prepare for the longest and most enthutiastic insult of a description. it just keeps going on and on! poor lad.
You missed a connection at the beginning. Not only were the Catholic Kings second cousins. Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy were also second cousins. His mother and her father were first cousins. Both grandchildren of John I of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster.
Thank you for this: there was, indeed, genetic mismanagement on both sides before the marriage of Juana and Philip.
Once I've tried to draw a henealogical tree of Ferdinand and Isabel the Catholics and like all of their ancestors were related for many generations. So this nice tradition really did start before the Habsburgs
@@SandyShuraMartin Agreed: I'd venture to guess this trend is reflected in most of the royal families both before and after this period.
"Unusual union outside the Habsburg family" is a funny way of saying, they were both great-grandchildren of Ferdinand I. People like to ignore how connected the Bourbons actually are to the Habsburg.
It is strange to me how out of it some royalty/nobility were on incest, while the peasant farmers were the ones in the know. Kinda like a flip of the assumed script where the peasants were kept stupid and poor, while the noble class and whatever merchant class existed at the time were the ones able to afford a good education.
A mistake is that Carlos II didnt make Charles VI of Austria heir, his testament made future King Felipe V the heir, and the war started due to the Austrians (and the othe Great Powers) not wanting France and Spain to be unified under Felipe V as he was also close in the line of succesion of France
It's no wonder why Carlos II was called the Bewitched. He was so sickly, so misshapen, so afflicted, that it makes it little wonder why he was the last Spanish Habsburgs. With his death, the Spanish Habsburgs also died out, and after the War of Spanish Succession, the grandson of Louis XIV became King Philip V.
The fact the paintings are supposed to make them appear more appealing makes me so shocked I wonder how they would look like in person
there’s a channel called ‘mortal faces’ that does recreations of these portraits, you can check him out!
"He carried his own coffin with him, and would often play-act his own funeral. Then he'd rise from the grave and go have lunch." XD
(I mean, the reason he was doing that is sad, but that's an amazing quote.)
I can’t fathom any of this. Can you imagine a conversation between relatives?
“Son, I’ve talked it over with your great aunt mom and your uncle great grand father, and I’ve decided I want to marry you daughter/ my cousin”
"charles darwin observed the dangers of inbreeding in his groundbreaking research ..... despite knowing better he chose to marry his first cousin"
I snorted. His research was literally a DON'T PUSH ME button. Alas, he was too curious not to push it 💀💀💀