Light Independent Reactions of Photosynthesis A-level (LIR The Calvin Cycle)
Вставка
- Опубліковано 5 лип 2024
- Learn the chemical pathway in the Calvin Cycle - the role of carbon dioxide, ATP and reduced NADP required fro A-level Biology.
Photosynthesis limiting factors are at the end of the video with tips on how to answer graph application questions to A-level standard.
Download my FREE GUIDE - How to analyse your tests to skyrocket your grade! missestruchbiology.mykajabi.c...
**JOIN MY BIOLOGY CLUB***. Need an A/A in Biology and get bored easily and procrastinate??? Join my Biology Study Club for resources, support and a social community to get you to that A*! missestruchbiology.mykajabi.c...
Try my resources to improve your skills and grades:
1) Try my FREE resources www.missestruch.co.uk/freebies
2) THE COMPLETE A-LEVEL BUNDLE www.missestruch.co.uk/offers/...
2)FULL A-LEVEL ACTIVE RECALL WORKBOOK
www.missestruch.co.uk/offers/...
3) A-LEVEL NOTES
www.missestruch.co.uk/offers/...
→ For more revision videos, try watching my ENTIRE topic videos:
• A level Entire Topic V...
___________________________________________________
--A-level--
* AQA A-level Biology textbook (this is what I use at my school)- OUP amzn.to/2MWiFvY
* CGP revision guide amzn.to/36B26h7
* CGP workbook amzn.to/39A55YZ
* Maths skills for A-level Biology amzn.to/37GaHPI
* Synoptic essay book amzn.to/2ukHQ4Y
* AQA A-level biology practical skills guide amzn.to/2FkUSSn
* A-level Year 1 workbook amzn.to/36s8EhE
* A-level Year 2 workbook amzn.to/2QqpmIY
--Gear to create videos on my blog:--
* Apple Ipad 8th Generation amzn.to/3nEJPqL
* Apple iPad Pen amzn.to/3q8dEBI
* Microphone amzn.to/3oGuVSd
* Go Pro Hero 7 for all practical video footage and time-lapses amzn.to/2tzwg5m
* Reflectors amzn.to/2TRW61H
* Surface Pro Laptop amzn.to/37zND4U
* Toshiba 1TB external portable hard drive amzn.to/36qPkBt
Music: Soho - Riot • Soho - Riot (No Copyri...
DISCLAIMER: Links included in this description might be affiliate links. If you purchase a product I may receive a small commission. There is no additional charge to you!
Image credits
@letscreatesomething
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
www.geograph.org.uk/photo/226...
miss thank you so much !! You're honestly so good at explaining these rather complex topics 🙌 I was really struggling with this topic but its actually a lot easier to understand now
Thank you for such a lovely comment. I'm really pleased to hear it has helped you.😀
Thanks for coming in clutch miss! I have an exam tomorrow and I’m up at 1 revising 😂 I showed everyone in my class your content because I really do believe you make the best biology videos on youtube
eek hope you get some sleep, really important for focus in the exam. Good luck!
Really pleased you are liking the videos!
Miss Estruch you’re videos are soooo helpful
yay so pleased
Wow, thank you again Miss it actually helps so much !
Ah that's great , so glad it helped 😀
That was a wonderful explanation, I only had to use one page and it allowed to make really clear notes too. Thank you for specifying which stuff is specific to which exam boards!
yay I'm so pleased 😁😁
Thank you so much for all the videos you have made!! SAVING MY A LEVELS
You are so welcome!
Thank you very much! This was certainly something I couldn't get my head around but can happily say I know understand thanks to this explanation!
Great video!
Amazing! So pleased the video helped you understand it better
Great how you make it easy in 10 minutes video!! Lucky to have you here
Happy to share my love of Biology!
Top G Miss Estruch better than my own bio teacher at school
Thank you! So pleased you find the videos helpful 😀
Lovely video! Thank you
you're welcome!
im so happy i stumbled across this channel ,miss i have a question for AQA do they ever ask you for the hexose sugar formed before glucose fructose 1,6 bisphosphate and you gained another sub
ahh thanks for the sub! I hope you continue to find my channel helpful :D
Below is the spec for the LIR showing you exactly the level of detail. I hope that helps.
The light-independent reaction in such detail as to show that:
carbon dioxide reacts with ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) to form two molecules of glycerate 3-phosphate (GP). This reaction is catalysed by the enzyme rubisco
ATP and reduced NADP from the light-dependent reaction are used to reduce GP to triose phosphate
some of the triose phosphate is used to regenerate RuBP in the Calvin cycle
some of the triose phosphate is converted to useful organic substances.
@@MissEstruchBiology thnx for the reply i foud it useful i like how your quick to reply to any quieries we may have have a great day
These videos are just amazing thanks for making them :)
aw thanks 😊 I'm so pleased you like them.
Thanks for the video! I have a question, you said only the LIR is affected by temperature due to the enzymes involved, would the ATP synthase not be affected by a change in temperature?
Hello,
Good question.
Temperature may have a small effect on chemiosmosis, as it is facilitated diffusion, however this effect is negligible compared to the impact of light energy in the LDR. Both photolysis and photoionisation are dependent on light energy, and both of these processes have to happen for chemiosmosis to occur. Therefore, at A-level this is simplified by saying LDR is affected by light energy and not temperature, and LIR is affected by temperature and not light energy.
Hi, thank you for the explanation. I have a question, in the spec it does not specifically mention about Rup forming after 1 carbon leaves the cycle, so do we just say RuBP is regenerated? Also for the LDR do we have to know about which photosystem is 1 and 2?
Hello,
You do need to know the RuBP is regenerated after 1 C is lost (this is how TP goes towards making a 6 carbon compound).
You don't need to know about the different photosystems for AQA though.
Hope that helps :)
Thank you miss
you're welcome 😊
I am loving your videos.
A quick question: at 4:48 you explain that one carbon atom is removed every cycle and therefore, the cycle occurs six times to make one hexose sugar. I was also reading my AQA text book and it states that two molecules of TP and required to make one hexose sugar and so would need to make 12 TP molecules. Are both explanations correct?
Thanks :)
For AQA, I would stick with the idea that one carbon atom is removed. Although 2 x TP = 6 carbons, if you remove the whole TP molecule then there would be no carbon left to regenerate RuBP and therefore the cycle wouldn't continue.
Have you made all the content for Unit 1 -4? My exams are nearing and I would love your help
Hello,
All of topic 3 and 4 are completed, and topic 1 and 2 are nearly completed.
Hope it helps. :)
thanks helped me a lot
Yay I'm so pleased 😁
Great video miss estruch! Just wondering do we need to know the stuff about the organic substances at 6:30 or is that just extra information to help with understanding? Thanks!
So pleased you liked it! Yes, that is on the spec so need to know it
Hiya, Loving these videos so much I have a question. You say that the LIR is affected by temperature whichI understand. However, I am confused on why the LDR isnt affected by temperature as well, because of the ATP synthase having to undergo a conformational change in shape, would temperature not affect that? I hope this makes sense. Thank you so much for these videos they are helping me so much!
Hello,
There would be some impact as chemiosmosis is facilitated diffusion, however it is light energy that causes photolysis and photoionisation so that why AQA states light energy is key for LDR rate.
I did a past paper question on the calvin cycle after watching this video and it asked "state the first 3-carbon phosphorylated sugar produced by the calvin cycle"
I put GP but it said the answer is TP? Am I wrong or is there a mistake
The key point here is that they stated phosporylated sugar. GP is a 3 carbon suagr, but it is phosphorylated (and also reduced) to form TP.
Hope that helps.
Could you say that condensation reactions occur within the light independent reaction
Condensation reactions occur in the light dependent reaction, when ADP + Pi form ATP.
you have mentioned only LIR is affected by temperature due to the presence of enzymes and not LDR, but doesnt LDR also have the co- enzyme NADP and ATP- synthase? would they not be affected by a temperature change? If not, how come?
Yeah it would be, but only chemiosmosis. Photolysis and photo ionisation if chlorophyll wouldn't
Hi miss , are you able to help me with a question about the Calvin cycle ? state one organic molecule formed from the product of the calvin cycle with the addition of nitrogen and phosphorus. I am so stuck on this question
Hello,
It sounds like they are referring to nucleic acids. 6 carbon organic compounds are made from the Calcin cycle, but these are modified make other organic molecules needed.
Hope that helps ☺
@@MissEstruchBiology so would the organic molecule be nucleic acids ? And if it was nitrogen and sulphur would it be proteins ?
Yes 😊
@@MissEstruchBiology thanks so much , would amino acid instead of protein be the more correct term since it does say organic molecule ?
Wouldn't temperature also affect the LDR because it uses proteins, which would denature at high temperatures and so cause the rate of photosynthesis to decrease?
Genius
Cnm you please make a video on cyclic and non-cyclic phosphorylation please?
Which exam board are you? That way I know the level of detail (although I am on maternity leave at the moment so new videos will be slow).
If you are AQA you do not need to know cyclic and non-cyclic phosphorylation.
@@MissEstruchBiology My exam board is AQA but I thought it would be useful as extra knowledge for the 25 mark essays. Aw congrats Miss and it's fine if any new vids are late.
certi
since there are 2 molecules of gp being converted into tp would you need 2 molecules of ATP and NADPH?