How A Ground Source Heat Pump Works
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- Опубліковано 16 вер 2024
- Learn how a heat pump works from the UK's leading manufacturer of a full range of Ground Source Heat Pumps.
To watch the full series of Kensa videos and access plenty more information about installing a ground source heat pump, visit www.kensaheatp...
Transcript -
Kensa Heat Pumps have been manufacturing and installing ground source heat pumps since
1999. With over two 2,500 complete systems manufactured so far you can trust Kensa to
deliver award winning expertise and advice.
In this video you will learn how a ground source heat pump works. The purpose of a heat pump is to absorb low grade heat in one place where it is plentiful then to transport, concentrate and release it in another location, where it can be used for space or water heating. The ground absorbs low grade solar energy by the means of direct sunlight and rain.
This gives the ground a year round temperature of around 8-12 degrees Celsius. But how can this low grade heat be used to heat an entire building? A cold water antifreeze mix is pumped through the ground within a series of energy absorbing pipes known as ground arrays.
As heat naturally flows from warmer to cooler places the anti-freeze mix circulating around the array is constantly warmed by the grounds low-grade heat. Having increased in temperature the anti-freeze mixture is fed into a heat exchanger called the evaporator.
Within the secondary sealed side of the evaporator heat exchanger is a refrigerant which acts as a heat transfer fluid. When the water anti-freeze mixture enters the evaporator the energy absorbed from the ground is transferred into the refrigerant which begins to boil and turn into a gas.
The refrigerant never physically mixes with the water anti-freeze mixture they are separated like sandwich layers by the plates of the heat exchanger which permits the heat transfer. This gas is then fed into a compressor. The pressure of the refrigerant gas is increased in the compressor which makes the gas temperature rise.
The hot refrigerant gas then flows into a second heat exchanger called the condenser. Which features an identical set of heat transfer plates. The condenser delivers water hot enough to serve the space heating system and if required the properties hot water needs.
Having transferred its heat, the refrigerant gas reverts to a liquid. This liquid is then passed through an expansion valve at the end of the cycle to reduce its pressure and temperature ready to commence the cycle all over again.
Low-grade heat stored in the ground has been upgraded by the refrigeration process to deliver hot water. For each kilowatt consumed by the heat pump 4 kilowatts of energy is generated effectively meaning the cost per kilowatt hour is quartered.
You forgot about the reversing valve it is one of the most important components in the heat pump.
Yes my friend you’re right pump need reversing valve but this for hot water and central heating
beautiful explanation of the Rankine cycle!
Think this is just a basic heat pump cycle. A rankine cycle converts heat to KE (through a turbine) im pretty sure...
@@joedpettit1691 your probably right, its the cycle thats so hard to understand if you learn it from reading since they only give you the graph.
Would have been nice to know the typical temperatures and temperature changes around the system.
a tip: you can watch series at flixzone. Me and my gf have been using them for watching lots of of movies these days.
@Maximus Deshawn yea, I've been using flixzone for months myself :D
In your video you explain how it heats the house but how does it cool it? Because I know a geothermal system can heat and cool a house. I just wanted to know how does it do both. PS this video is the best one I have found to explain this stuff I was just hoping you would explain the cooling system
Some ground source heat pumps can indeed heat and cool, but ours usually don't; the UK market doesn't really warrant it.
On rare occasions we do sell units with cooling, they have a device called a 'reversing valve' fitted; essentially it reverses the heat flow, so heat energy is taken from the building and put in the ground.
Anybody here from 2019??
27-02-2020 :)
2021
2052
I'm from the future
2023
This has just blow my mind!
We also have a brine heat pump, but with a buffer tank. Without the buffer storage, the heat pump was clocked too much. Can you easily get by without a buffer storage tank if you don't supply heat to the individual rooms separately?
In the summer, could you use a solar water heater to heat the ground loop directly? Thereby, storing heat in the ground, and delivering even more heat during the winter.
Would that kind of operation effect the ability of the system to remove heat from the house loop in the summer?
Hi
Yes, excess solar heat could be put into the ground loop during the summer.
How much use it would be mostly depends on the geology. If the system is boreholes, drilled into dry rock, then putting excess solar into the ground is a good idea and will work well, very little of the heat will be lost, running costs will be reduced and heat pump output increased.
Systems in wet/porous conditions are not very effective, as the heat will be 'washed away' before the useful winter period. That said, systems installed under a sealed surface (a car park perhaps) are worth considering.
Raising the ground temperature could make it more difficult for the heat pump to reject heat into it during summer cooling operation.
Take a look at this case study which is a great example of complementary design: www.kensaheatpumps.com/gwylfan-y-glaerwen-llansteffan/
In all cases, analysis of the ground conditions is recommended to determine if using the ground as a heat battery is right for you.
For detailed advice please call 0845 680 4328.
Thanks
Kensa Heat Pumps Ltd best answer I have ever seen.. absolutely correct. Sadly most companies here in germany (conventional heat installation and specialists alike) provide little to no service in this regards and if they do they are scamming people out of their hard earned money.. For decades they told us that this kind of heating is only additional and you need a conservative heating method like gas or oil to be on the safe side.. also they always did charge an arm and a leg for this normally not very expensive technology because they factored in the "exotic" -factor... when the government startet giving financial support for these kind of heating systems they just raised their prices accordingly..so that a heatpump that did cost 7k in the year before would now cost 10k in order to skim of the 3k you get from the state... the skimming off part sadly is a big problem here and it runs like a unifying thread through everything on the consumer side of buisness.... considering that some friends run their systems for 25+ years without problems and very cheap this is pretty damn ridiculous.
unfortunaley u can not ith standart technology due to not sufficient heat supllied from solar
in winter....of course....i wouldnt like to heat when its summer :)
So how much for a standard 3 bed home? A rough estimate? 10,00? 1,000? I'm just curious. Looks great
+Steve Martin Hi Steve, there are a lot of factors to consider in sizing and costing, but ball park, you could be looking from £7,000. We can provide you a free quote if you like? Enter your project details here: www.kensaheatpumps.com/submit-plans/. Thanks, Steph
Where should we end the heat pump (no other cycle) just to absorb the heat below the ground. we have to finish the condenser demi system pls answer give me
Hi there, our Technical Support team will be able to give technical advice on ground source heat pump systems, you can reach them via tech.support@thekensagroup.com. We also have many resources on our website that may answer your question: www.kensaheatpumps.com/heat-pump-faqs/
@@kensaheatpumps I looked at the sites you posted but could not find an exact answer to my question. Please answer me. where do I end the loop so that I can absorb the heat under the ground and mix it with a high grade liquid. (no more endless loop) please answer me this is s important to me
@@onlymotivation05 Hi, please can you get in touch with our Technical Support team via tech.support@thekensagroup.com or call 0345 222 4328 to discuss your query.
"Contrary to a common presumption in some reference material, GSHPs do not work by exploiting the ability of the earth to absorb the sun’s energy as heat. This misconception is most likely held because approximately 51% of insolation is absorbed by land and oceans (National Aeronautics and Space Administration 2005)". J Hanova and H Dowlatabadi, 2007.
I am being stupid with this question but does the system put out more than the ground temperature
Is there not energy input in the compression system? I mean the energy from the sun cannot just become many times higher when supplied to the house
only the compressor and a pump use some energy. the trick is the fluid that is used, because it's a
gas that is held in a liquid state by keeping it under pressure. And when you release the liquid gas
in a low pressure enviroment, then it becomes a gas that is getting cold, because that is what gasses
do. Just shake a can of brake cleaner and then spray it for a long period, you see some ice built up
at the spray nozzle. So in the airco, the liquid gas is in fact also released by a valve that acts like a
spraynozzle, and then the cold gass runs trough a radiator, that has a fan behind it and blows
the air from the room trough it, and that makes the house cool. So the warm air in the room
is blown against that cold radiator, and then the warm air from the room is being exchanged
for cold air, and the gas is being heated up as it makes it's way trough that radiator,
and as soon it left the radiator, the gas had become warmer as it did enter, and now
the line comes at the compressor, and that does what it named after, compress the gas
under pressure so that it becomes a liquid again, and when you compres something, it wil become
very hot, so when the gas is being compressed, it's hot as hell so to cool it of, it is pumped
trough a second radiator, where a fan blows the heat away. And when the gas is liquid and
cooled off, it reaches the valve where it al started, because that valve holds the pressure
at the back, and releases just a little at the front, and when the cooled off liquid is being
released again at the low pressure side of the valve, the whole story repeats itself again and again.
In fact, a heatpump, airconditioner and frigde are al the same machines, because they all
work at the same principle. Just draw a circle, cut it in 4 pieces, on the left you add a radiator,
on the right a radiator, on the bottom a vavle and on the top a compressor.
Pump the liquid gas clockwise and see how the compressed hot gas is cooled of
trought the first radiator, and then once cooled, being pressed trough the valve
and then trough the second radiator to warm up and being compressed again and
then the circle is round.
The cool radiator is used to cool your house, and the warm radiator is used to loose
the heat from the gas that is compressed and needs to cool down over and over again.
I have constant supply of spring water at 11d cent How can i make yous of this ,are there advantages and how is the best way to install Thanks T Barratt
Hi Tony, water is a very efficient heat source and also reduces ground work costs. Take a look at our website section on water sources: www.kensaheatpumps.com/the-technology/heat-sources-collectors/water/
We also have some great case studies featuring various water sources and collectors: www.kensaheatpumps.com/knowledge-hub/?_sft_category=case-studies+water
Give us a call for further advice! - 0845 680 43 28.
They do cost a fortune here in the Midwest .
I would love to know if you replace the "ground" with a standard electrically heated water tank inside (or outside) your property if it would reduce the cost significantly?
If so, by how much, and what would the COP be of the GSHP?
COP of GSHP is 3-4. Look some literatures.
So after it leaves the condenser, is the heat stored or does it heat up the property straight away?
Hi Jaiden, the heat goes directly to the heat emitters (e.g. underfloor heating/radiators) or hot water cylinder when there is a demand for heat.
use that open ground near your home to warm up your rooms and heat up your water with out worrying about your electric bill...
"with out worrying about your electric bill" Just how much and how dependable are you expecting this to be?
easyenergysaving2 is
What about the cooling aspect? I'm a little confused :/
Hi there, we have a video on Cooling Buildings with Ground Source Heat Pumps which you can view here ua-cam.com/video/9OXbv_6ieoQ/v-deo.html
We also have resources on our website that explains cooling: www.kensaheatpumps.com/how-do-heat-pump-systems-work/
Hope this helps!
I'm going to guess the energy needed for the compressor and any heat transfer inefficiencies in the system is more than you get from the heat source itself?
No. You get around four times more energy out than you put in.
If that were the case, nobody would have these installed and the technology would never have been developed...
Would you supply some product to Ireland? Or do you have a branch here?
Hi Val,
Thank you for enquiring about our products.
Yes, we can supply our heat pumps to Ireland. If you would like to make contact with us we will be happy to discuss your requirements in more detail. You can reach a member of our sales team on either enquiries@thekensagroup.com or 0345 222 4328
We look forward to hearing from you
Kensa Heat Pumps
Геосолар В-63 земносвързани термопомпи с СОР 1 към 7- най-ефективните в България.
+death to america?
lol
25W/m2 right?
Where does cold water anti freeze mix come from then??where did they get that?
Inah Verzosa after the pies are installed, there’s a Valve they fill the loop with.
thanks... i thinkGSHP system is usually more used in europe or USA.
in asian countries, normal type compressor is used.
I'm not sure I completely understand- If the energy absorbed by the tubing is energy absorbed by the ground from the sun, then why not put the tubing outside in the direct sunlight? On a roof for example? Apart from hiding the tubes underground I don't see the benefit. Can anybody help me please?
Hi Craig - the temperature below ground is stable all year round; it doesn't experience the large fluctuations that air temperatures do throughout the year. This means the heat source is stable and reliable and the system can be sized appropriately without concerns for large drops (or peaks) in the source temperature - thus the ground source heat pump reliably provides heat all year round, regardless of the outside air temperature.
That was a quick reply, thank you!
The below ground temperature will not remain stable when you actively add or remove heat from it. Ground, like all substances, has a specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and diffusivity. If you remove heat from the ground faster than it can recover that heat..it will cool down and the heat pump`s CoP will drop, aka you will not get as much heat per unit of electrical power.
John is correct in the fact that the pipe will remove energy from the ground causing the temperature to drop and this is why ground arrays need to be sized carefully to ensure that the extraction rate is not too great to cause the ground to freeze. Lowering the temperature will lower the performance of the heat pump, however all performance figures (UK and European) are quoted at an inlet temperature of water from the ground at 0C. UK design standards/guidance means that all ground arrays should be designed not to drop below this temperature. In practice we find that the actual temperature of the fluid coming in from the ground is around 5-7C when the heat pump is running through the winter, which is higher than the air temperature over winter and it is more stable as it doesn't drop due to atmospheric conditions as quickly. The ground has a higher thermal capacity than air and basically acts as a big battery which is recharged when it rains, via the surrounding ground and from the sun.
I agree with your concerns. Also what happens if the power goes out? I'm just going to freeze to death because my electrical components of this system which condense and compress heat don't have power? I'll stick with my wood stove. Fire, the most reliable heat source known to man.
What happens if you run out of wood or a means to ignite it? The same rules apply to all forms of home fuels. The only difference is electricity is now more readily available and reliable than anything else for cities and towns.
even in a rural setting this can be achieved easily and reliably and the best part is that you do not even have to get rid of your wood stove, but that you can just use less wood... heat from a wood stove is still the best comforting heat there is... there is no need to be such a hardliner.. these systems are not new friends of mine heat their entire houses with this for 25+ years and it is reliable and efficient. having a wood stove as an addition for comfort and ambience is not a bad thing to have;)... but this whole "back in the days" and "this has been the most reliable for generations" bullshit is not really an argument.
I power it with a solar panel system. Sun, the most reliable energy source known to man
clever idea but i bet its cost a fortune to install and buy, and what happens if there is a leek in the pipes i bet again it would cost a loads to get it fixed , its not really for your every day working class person
The representation of the geothermal technology is misleading by saying “absorbing low grade heat from the ground and releasing high grade heat to homes”. Heat pump is a misnomer for an electric heater that generates heat by consuming electricity (that most likely comes from a coal power plant!) and compressing a gas with a low boiling point such as a refrigerant. In fact, the heat pump doesn’t need the geothermal heat to work. So long as the outside temp is higher than the boiling point of the refrigerant (usually between -30C to -40C), the heat pump can still give you the same temp inside. The geothermal heat just supplements a bit of heat, so that you need a smaller heat pump to give you a comfortable temp inside.
Hello, In response to your comment, the efficiency of the compression process is greatly affected by the temperature difference between the source and load. Yes, air can be used as the source, but in mid-winter the air will usually be far colder than the ground, meaning the heat pump will consume a lot more electricity to deliver the same heat. Lowest electricity costs are what ground source offers.
The heat does not come from the sun. The influence of the sun on ground temperatures penetrates to only 0.3m.
Wrong. The heat does come from the sun.
How far is the earth's lava though?
heat rises ! the heat come from center earth , the sun heats approx 18 inches deep .
Some heat comes from the earth's core, but the sun gives heat that penetrates many metres. If that were not the case then we would have on polar ice caps as the heat from the centre would have melted them. Instead it is their angle away from the sun that causes them to be so cold.
Heat is transferred by several methods, what you mentioned is only one of them, convection. You're completely missing conduction, which has no upper limit.
Then let's make it for the everyday non-working, engeneering class person. Don't buy it - make it, better it, get some people to share it, ect.
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