Overview of the Middle Ages | World History | Khan Academy

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  • Опубліковано 20 гру 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 238

  • @ClosetDemon
    @ClosetDemon 4 роки тому +83

    you taught me more than my socials teacher has, thanks, i wish i found this video yesterday because i failed my test.

  • @Neptunes
    @Neptunes 7 років тому +306

    I have exams in like 12 hours.

  • @Ali-jk3cu
    @Ali-jk3cu Рік тому +6

    Watching this purely out of my fascination for history. It’s funny how everyone in the comment section is watching this for school.

  • @kariciaramos6205
    @kariciaramos6205 4 роки тому +27

    i literally have to write two pages of notes on this for summer work that is due today before 4 and im doing it ten mins before im going to turn it in. I love Ap euro tee hee

    • @arindia8003
      @arindia8003 3 роки тому

      Good luck with that

    • @MintzRBLX
      @MintzRBLX 5 місяців тому +1

      I'm doing the exact thing right now but I still got time left 😂, am I doomed for the class, how hard was it

  • @EmilyDerp1234
    @EmilyDerp1234 4 роки тому +130

    everyone commenting is like adults/ old teenagers that are watching this, I'm in 7th grade being forced to watch this....

  • @jimst3r1
    @jimst3r1 5 років тому +24

    Your videos are awesome, i love how you break down the timeline and show maps, no other youtubers do this to my knowledge. It's a great way to learn.

  • @samanthawolfe9238
    @samanthawolfe9238 5 років тому +7

    I am writing a one page essay on the Middle Ages and your vid really helped me get literally helped me write the entire thing. Thank You

  • @gece8783
    @gece8783 7 років тому +20

    Mr. Khan, is there any subject you aren't well versed with?
    Holy crap dude thanks.
    You are a God.

  • @Will-wv3dq
    @Will-wv3dq 7 років тому +7

    History is so badass

  • @Seekarr
    @Seekarr 6 років тому +6

    The early middle ages aren't always treated correctly (generally).
    The Western Roman culture didn't collapse until the 8th century when the Mediterranean trade collapsed and Frankish culture took over. Although the invasion of Justinian and the great plague did huge damage.
    Around 395-540 can be treated as a period. (plague of Justinian Ends it)
    Then 540 until 710 is another period. (Europe no longer part of the Mediterranean trade).
    710-850 - Re-unification of the West under the Franks and a failed attempt at Imperialism (ended by the collapse of this system).
    850-1100 - the rise of Feudalism and the Viking age. Various forms of Manorialism spread heavily in Europe.
    The High Middle Ages is characterized by a split between feudal economies particularly in France and Britain as a response to the Vikings; the rise of trade economies springing up among the Crusaders, the Iberian peninsula (taking over Andalusian trade), and the Hanseatic League (replacing the Viking culture in the Northern seas).

  • @gustavovega316
    @gustavovega316 3 роки тому +9

    Hi. I'm a History teacher and I was wondering what program you used to create this video. I'm looking for a digital tool for creating timelines. The one you used seems to fit what I'm looking for. Thanks for the help.

  • @unreal9665
    @unreal9665 3 роки тому +1

    thanks we are learning ages in school right now

  • @aneshkumar1349
    @aneshkumar1349 3 роки тому +1

    Who initiated this concept and what was the purpose behind it? Who was first Holy Roman Emperor? Do you think that there was a connection between Holy Roman Empire and Crusades?

  • @datcuoctavian6311
    @datcuoctavian6311 7 років тому +6

    Is there any way we can get the hands on those maps and timelines? These would be incredibly useful and time-savers for the recap.

    • @damiensmith5998
      @damiensmith5998 7 років тому +1

      Datcu Octavian screenshot them?

    • @datcuoctavian6311
      @datcuoctavian6311 7 років тому +1

      Thank you for you response. Yeah, it's possible, but the quality is really, really bad, and this is relevant especially when you want to zoom in :(
      It would be really nice if they made those files public with the help of a free cloud service. It's just a matter of uploading and creating some links for them, but for us, the learners, makes all the difference in the world. Especially at history, where you have to re-read the materials over and over so you don't forget them.

    • @takshashila2995
      @takshashila2995 7 років тому

      screenshot with *gimp 2*

    • @johnkeene4456
      @johnkeene4456 6 років тому

      I know I am late but if you are teaching a class. You can just show them the video. If you want them for personal use than I suggest doing what CoNqUeriNg HiStoRy said to do.

  • @danschroeder3441
    @danschroeder3441 7 років тому +2

    Very clear and comprehensive, good work!

  • @alexandraesmond7518
    @alexandraesmond7518 6 років тому +6

    Brilliant! Love your videos and your voice is so calming!x

  • @Support81BCanada
    @Support81BCanada 4 роки тому +8

    What is with the voice pitch levels in this video? He sounds 16 at the beginning of sentences and 35 at the end.

  • @honzamadrid
    @honzamadrid 6 років тому +3

    Awsome video, thanks!

  • @timomastosalo
    @timomastosalo 6 років тому +3

    Not 'Odoachre', not 'Odoahser' (Nor Odo-'acer')
    - but Odoa(h)ker.
    Just keep it 'ah' as in fAther, or brOther (same sound, long or short depending on the langaugea, stress placement etc.) when you speak a language not English. With French you need to use the nose cavity if the a is followed by n or m, as in FrANce. Except if double nn or mm.
    Well, if it's not Arabic, then it can be also as the 'a' in thAt. There some others outside of Europe, but these will do for a vid of the Middle Ea- Ages.

    • @petermsiegel573
      @petermsiegel573 5 років тому

      It's Flavius Odoacer /ˌoʊdoʊˈeɪsər/ OH-doh-AY-sər in standard English. Yes, we know it's from Latin, but all languages tend to create native versions of important names.

  • @jayashreer2648
    @jayashreer2648 5 років тому +1

    Thank you for making this video

  • @aneshkumar1349
    @aneshkumar1349 3 роки тому +2

    How did the Holy Roman Empire emerge in Medieval Europe?

  • @mattdavison284
    @mattdavison284 6 років тому +14

    Love your videos but you left out any info on the Viking incursions in Europe, the Norman invasion of England, etc..

  • @rosellaliu2101
    @rosellaliu2101 5 років тому +2

    Is there a source for all the maps used in this video?

  • @Joseph-en1nr
    @Joseph-en1nr 7 років тому +1

    This has been very educational

  • @bsykesbeats
    @bsykesbeats 4 місяці тому

    0:18 thank you, pet peev when ppl just say thats taught as simply being the fall of the Roman Empire

  • @HistoryfortheAges
    @HistoryfortheAges 2 роки тому

    This is a nice quick overview. If there are parents reading this I am a History professor, and recorded all my lectures on my own channel you can check out as a free resource. I have found many homeschooling families have been helped by them.

  • @visionfromabove769
    @visionfromabove769 7 років тому +31

    Nothing about Lithuania randomly becoming the largest country in Europe in late Middle Ages ?

    • @raka5123
      @raka5123 7 років тому +3

      Cos I think you will be startled when you know how Lithuania was formed

    • @empe3332
      @empe3332 6 років тому +6

      Acually, it was Polish-Lithuanian Commonwelth. Poland and Lithuania formed union in 1385. After crippling the Teutonic Order in Prussia for couple centuries, Poles set to expand to the east and south east. Etnically Polish lands remained Kingdom of Poland, and the newly gained lands were added to Duchy of Lithuania. Lands of Duchy were populated by various Ruthenians, not so many Lithuanians by todays meaning. Many Lithuanian/Ruthenian noble families became polonised. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwelth was the largest country in Europe for centuries. This multiethic empire was to democratic for its own good. Nobles elected kings for themself, decided about taxes etc. This led to dimise of the Commonwelth in 17 hundreds, when it become partitioned by neighbour, much more despotic empires..

    • @wunderwaffle7483
      @wunderwaffle7483 6 років тому

      If only the Szlachta voted and elected kings the system is hardly democratic. It's a pure oligarchy which is in many way worse than a typical monarchy and we all have seen that in 1795 when the king was powerless.
      A similar thing happened to the Kingdom of Hungary under polish/lithuanian royal families. Only the Hunyadi family managed to hold the nobles in check during the Late Middle Ages.

    • @nothingtoospiffy7913
      @nothingtoospiffy7913 6 років тому +4

      Vision From Above nobody cares of Lithuania

    • @kudlatykid
      @kudlatykid 6 років тому +2

      all 17 citizens living in Lithuania gave thumb up to your question :)
      but seriously maybe there is nothing in video because it is not true?

  • @Arjanisrael
    @Arjanisrael 3 роки тому +2

    Great video, thanks. Just one point, I think you said "it was not a pleasant time to live in" about three times. Considering that a few hundred million people were killed during the wars of the twentieth century, do we also have to consider the twentieth century as "not a pleasant time to live in"?

    • @motomassacre6888
      @motomassacre6888 5 місяців тому

      Not to argue with your point, but I think he meant it in a more general sense. People had to deal with unsanitary living conditions, plague, famine, slow transport/messaging, varying crop yields, political/religious debates, while in the 20th century we had lots of modern innovations and people are much better connected/the average life span increases. I would say the medieval age was not a pleasant time to live in in general. :)

  • @Anti-Incorrect
    @Anti-Incorrect 7 років тому +2

    Awesome video thank you

  • @pauldow1648
    @pauldow1648 6 років тому

    One worthwhile question here might be - what do you think were (or what are) the causes of so much turmoil , barbarism and general ill treatment between groups of people during this time?
    Is there relevancy today ?

  • @arindia8003
    @arindia8003 3 роки тому +1

    Who was sent her by there teacher ?

  • @olowrohek9540
    @olowrohek9540 2 роки тому

    This Bodiam Castle at the Kent and Sussex border not from Robertsbridge i did visit a few years 😀 ago

  • @razvantimofciuc6858
    @razvantimofciuc6858 4 роки тому +1

    Hi! Charlemagne was crowned emperor in dec 800.
    Great job!

  • @timomastosalo
    @timomastosalo 6 років тому +34

    And once again, a map of Europe without the Northern Europe.
    At least Vikings were important in the early M A.

    • @adamplatenik
      @adamplatenik 4 роки тому

      Those parts of northern Europe that are covered were mostly uninhabited. Denmark and the southern parts of Sweden and Norway are visible, so there's really no reason for the so called Vikings to not exist.

    • @timomastosalo
      @timomastosalo 4 роки тому

      @@adamplatenik I didn't say they did not exist.

    • @timomastosalo
      @timomastosalo 4 роки тому +2

      @@adamplatenik By the Middle Ages there was habitation more north too.
      It's just an often repeating pattern in depicting Europe: Nordic countries are cut off - even from the Euro coin.

    • @ellanenish5999
      @ellanenish5999 2 місяці тому

      This map is quite vague and the time skips made in this video are huuuge

  • @gracekenworthy2193
    @gracekenworthy2193 4 роки тому +2

    uhhh who wants to write an 100 word summary on this for my history class? tyyy

  • @kimberlyperrotis8962
    @kimberlyperrotis8962 3 роки тому +1

    I prefer “Late Antiquity” for the period 476-800 AD.

  • @VictorKB96
    @VictorKB96 4 місяці тому

    The Mongol invasions cooled down the Earth because of all the people who got murdered. Fields started to grow more plants since there was less land needed to cultivate crops

  • @Glamerth
    @Glamerth 7 років тому +21

    Reminds me of many fun hours as the HRE in Medieval II Total War. 😂

    • @isoaqua5825
      @isoaqua5825 7 років тому

      same ; D

    • @cybersasho
      @cybersasho 7 років тому

      what about Stronghold?

    • @davidescarcega8417
      @davidescarcega8417 7 років тому

      Isometric Aquariums no only medivle total war

    • @ayyub9855
      @ayyub9855 7 років тому

      love playing as HRE bc my city exists there lol

  • @musicformed
    @musicformed 6 років тому

    thanks this helped a lot!

  • @mirandacarcano4792
    @mirandacarcano4792 4 роки тому +2

    one of the best videos i’ve watched and a really good and easy to understand explanation. thanks khan academy🤩

  • @dmgh85
    @dmgh85 4 роки тому +25

    The midieval period "dark period" of Europe is the glory period "shining period" for the islamic civilization.

    • @AugustTheStag
      @AugustTheStag 4 роки тому +2

      Medieval

    • @AugustTheStag
      @AugustTheStag 4 роки тому

      @[R] yah it was only from 300 ce to 700 ce

    • @JOE-bm9oq
      @JOE-bm9oq 4 роки тому

      By golly and that was the only time we were good at existing. Even today we can't live up to the past's expectations

    • @thunderbird1921
      @thunderbird1921 3 роки тому

      Funny thing is, the medieval era was actually not dark in a number of areas. Medicine knowledge was picking up, cities were growing, even sciences like astronomy started to improve. The Dark Ages were really coming to an end by the time 1000 AD rolled around.

    • @ellanenish5999
      @ellanenish5999 2 місяці тому

      Honestly it's not a bad period for Europe, just from Renaissance, other antropocentric cultural eras and modern standpoint of western civilization we consider it dark, but as always each era brings a lot of new development

  • @salahfaizy2709
    @salahfaizy2709 3 роки тому +1

    wassup peeps we are in schooool sooo boringgg lollll

  • @DannyOvox3
    @DannyOvox3 7 років тому +1

    Mr. Khan, you're still uploading new information, how do you do it?

  • @ajboyle2455
    @ajboyle2455 4 роки тому +5

    Watch it at 1.75 speed. Trust me.

  • @bretbarnett6024
    @bretbarnett6024 2 роки тому

    Nose people controlled the banks in Europe.
    Banks of issuing money.
    Bank of Amsterdam was started in 1609 - it's members aided William of Orange in his conquest of England.
    Bank of Hamburg was chartered in 1619.
    The Bank of Sweden began the practice of issuing notes in 1661.
    These banks were chartered by financiers whose ancestors had been bankers in Venice and Genoa.
    These banks financed wars to gain control via treaties the defeated countries would sign. The winning country was indebted to the bankers.
    As they controlled both sides of the war waging countries, they never could lose. There was a high demand for credit that the Monarchs needed for building palaces, financing armies etc.
    Books:
    The Plot Against The Church y Maurice Pinay.---
    Secrets Of The Federal Reserve by Eustace Mullins.---
    The Octopus by Elizabeth Dilling.---
    The World Conquerors by Louise Marshalko.---

  • @shqwrty
    @shqwrty 4 роки тому

    What's the app you use?

  • @Crowwtf
    @Crowwtf 4 роки тому

    Is there a link to that timeline software?

  • @TOOFERMAC53
    @TOOFERMAC53 5 років тому +2

    They forgot to mention thundarr The barbarian

  • @lynnwuytowicz2737
    @lynnwuytowicz2737 6 років тому +2

    Thank you! Love the narrator! Very clear and concise and brief, especially for a visual person like me : ) The Middle Ages in a Nut Shell! : )

  • @micahhatcher1957
    @micahhatcher1957 4 роки тому +1

    My teacher made me watch this

  • @skinnywhalelegend
    @skinnywhalelegend 4 роки тому +1

    Is Byzantine era part of Early Middle Ages?

    • @gonvillebromhead2457
      @gonvillebromhead2457 4 роки тому

      Yes, many people think end of middle ages is fall of Constantinople and Byzantine in 1453

    • @ellanenish5999
      @ellanenish5999 2 місяці тому

      Well most of Byzantine's existance is in fact during the Middle Ages so yes

  • @bucketcrab8641
    @bucketcrab8641 6 років тому +6

    The 1135 map is quite wrong actually

  • @olowrohek9540
    @olowrohek9540 2 роки тому

    Very nice 👌

  • @Kbwtor19
    @Kbwtor19 7 років тому

    All hail the One Hour Club!

  • @eeeeee3220
    @eeeeee3220 4 роки тому +1

    Who is here just for fun?

    • @sopunia
      @sopunia 3 роки тому

      you

    • @grantgustinfan8076
      @grantgustinfan8076 3 роки тому

      You

    • @ellanenish5999
      @ellanenish5999 2 місяці тому

      I am kinda shocked how the guy didn't talk about a lot of major events and the time skips between the maps were huuuge

  • @Childrensmathes
    @Childrensmathes 6 років тому +1

    Sir,this video is extraordinary.you have gone into details of everything.i liked it very much.p Siva Rao,India.I am looking forward to your next video on Renaissance.

  • @lgmusic7267
    @lgmusic7267 7 років тому

    really helpful

  • @srijanamainali9896
    @srijanamainali9896 4 роки тому

    Please say me the most significant features of the middle age

  • @jadqn
    @jadqn 6 років тому +1

    Khan Academy saved my life.

  • @carlosjuu
    @carlosjuu 4 роки тому +1

    Nice Video.
    =D

  • @fabriciorodriguezsampaio4601
    @fabriciorodriguezsampaio4601 2 роки тому

    Interesting

  • @tdtyyuf
    @tdtyyuf 2 роки тому

    Is the 5th century considered ancient or medieval?

  • @Trildin
    @Trildin 4 роки тому +1

    Kids are coming to this for school now? Pretty cool. This is history that actually should be taught, not the garbage propaganda I learned..

  • @vitaliygalganets
    @vitaliygalganets 3 роки тому +2

    *Rus (Kyivan Rus) was only Ukrainian country. The independent Kingdom of Rus also was Ukrainian. Moscow is a capital of the Ugro-finnic (not Slavic) Russia. Moscow was created in period of 1259-1272 by the Mongol Khan Mengu-Timur (Khan of the Golden Horde), and Moscovia (the modern Russia) as an ulus of Golden Horde was created in 1277 by the same Khan. Then Russia was a vassal of the Crimean Khanate until 1700. That year Russia appeared as a country for the first time in history. These all true facts are based on the true historical documents.*
    The Ugro-finnic Russia falsified its history.

  • @waaazo1221
    @waaazo1221 7 років тому +4

    Eh, after the the Black Death, standard of living and technology was much more advanced in the Late Middle Ages. The High Middle Ages wasn't actually the much of a "high" point. In fact warfare was still pretty endemic

    • @waaazo1221
      @waaazo1221 7 років тому

      Also along with endemic warfare in the High period, crops were failing due to something we call the "Little Ice age" beginning around 1100 AD

    • @Siegbert85
      @Siegbert85 6 років тому

      @@waaazo1221 The little ice age existed during much of the early modern period while the high and late middle ages were marked by a warm period.

    • @pag9128
      @pag9128 5 років тому

      @@waaazo1221 there was a 12th century renaissance

  • @cubingcomedy1296
    @cubingcomedy1296 3 роки тому

    gosh, why doesnt anyone donate to them? they literally teach as much as teachers

  • @Siegbert85
    @Siegbert85 7 років тому

    There were actually quite a few Roman Emperors between Charlemagne and Otto the Great, I believe it was 10, most of them being descendants of Charlemagne and some Lombard nobles.

    • @MrCount84
      @MrCount84 6 років тому

      They weren’t Roman emperors. Rome in the west fell in 476. The East was still producing emperors.

    • @Siegbert85
      @Siegbert85 6 років тому

      @@MrCount84 Their title was "imperator romanorum". Call them what you will

    • @MrCount84
      @MrCount84 6 років тому

      MacX85 they used the donation of Constantine which was proven as false during the Renaissance

    • @Siegbert85
      @Siegbert85 6 років тому

      @@MrCount84 The popes did to make a territorial claim for the papal states.

    • @MrCount84
      @MrCount84 6 років тому

      MacX85 but did not hold the right to crown Roman Emperors

  • @bu3adel944
    @bu3adel944 7 років тому +1

    mean while its middle ages in arab world .. come visit us if u r interested !

    • @annoloki
      @annoloki 7 років тому

      If only we in The West(tm) would stop arming the most brutal, violent people, the Arab world would love to progress and end the terror western (mostly US & UK) governments help inflict on them.

  • @grantgustinfan8076
    @grantgustinfan8076 3 роки тому

    Nice video i sub

  • @draculathevampire934
    @draculathevampire934 6 років тому

    This is what I prefer listening to instead of books that have 20 million words I don't understand

  • @inspiringwoman1017
    @inspiringwoman1017 2 роки тому +1

    I have my World History exam in like 6 hours.
    I'm unable to understand anything related to this topic urgh!!!

  • @pinkboi9549
    @pinkboi9549 4 роки тому +2

    who else was sent here by their teachr is 2020

  • @mreditsofficial3907
    @mreditsofficial3907 4 роки тому

    Nice

  • @SKarlsson
    @SKarlsson 6 років тому

    3.9 million subs? How is that?

    • @nothingtoospiffy7913
      @nothingtoospiffy7913 6 років тому

      S Karlsson why is that so surprising although I would expect these kind of channels to be in 100-300k subs but still

  • @NeonLine
    @NeonLine 4 роки тому

    nice video but kinda short lol

    • @ellanenish5999
      @ellanenish5999 2 місяці тому

      The worst thing are the big time skips as well as not mentioning a lot of major events

  • @rashadiqbal3703
    @rashadiqbal3703 7 років тому +1

    I have a quiz on this

  • @root073
    @root073 4 роки тому

    i think the centuries you said are messed up.... 1500 is the 16th century not 15th century

  • @foodmighttravel
    @foodmighttravel 10 місяців тому

    Your map about Eastern Europe is kinda crooked in the most part 😔

  • @chip15489
    @chip15489 5 років тому +3

    Who is here from mr walkers class

  • @youtube.1presentationacc884

    hi

  • @magnusee
    @magnusee 7 років тому +1

    you need a bigger map

    • @magnusee
      @magnusee 7 років тому

      larger. sorry

    • @annoloki
      @annoloki 7 років тому

      "Bigger" I think is fine, or at least, I definitely don't think it's wrong. To me, a larger map will be one you can see more detail on, taking it from a page to a wall or something, while a "bigger" map doesn't have to be larger, but it shows you a greater area. Very subjective though, different people will interpret differently while lacking any context, however, with context, it seems obvious you mean a map which encompasses a greater area because that's the problem that comes up :-)

  • @mattdavison284
    @mattdavison284 6 років тому +2

    If the videos were a bit longer you’d be able to fit in more information. I know you need to be time sensitive but just a thought.. Great stuff other otherwise!

  • @internalinjectiontrulyhere770
    @internalinjectiontrulyhere770 3 роки тому

    Premiddle ages

  • @hxnnahtan
    @hxnnahtan 7 років тому +2

    Wow im early

  • @rainbowstalin594
    @rainbowstalin594 7 років тому

    9:57 so i guess Georgia didn't exist at that time period?

  • @allbrandsupdate
    @allbrandsupdate 2 роки тому

    👍

  • @jellyblast0720
    @jellyblast0720 3 роки тому

    Hello branchas

  • @spaghettitheatre4871
    @spaghettitheatre4871 6 років тому

    Cool... Justin .Y is not here

  • @meganlouis3523
    @meganlouis3523 3 роки тому

    who else is here for ss?

  • @Legend20k
    @Legend20k 5 років тому +3

    Middle School Be Like

  • @БоянМихов-м9э
    @БоянМихов-м9э 6 років тому +14

    These maps are full of mistakes haha

  • @sugarcubeswirly
    @sugarcubeswirly 4 роки тому

    Curse blizzard bags. >:(

  • @michaelmacgillivray5910
    @michaelmacgillivray5910 7 років тому +2

    The Middle Ages began in 476AD, with the fall of the Western Roman Empire??? Are you serious?

    • @Siegbert85
      @Siegbert85 7 років тому +1

      Sure, the early middle ages do.

    • @ATrain1550
      @ATrain1550 6 років тому

      Yes, that's the standard definition among historians.

  • @mitkodimitrov8396
    @mitkodimitrov8396 5 років тому

    this map is not very accurate in 8 century chek bulgaria in that time tc tc

    • @ЯнкоЯнков-г9ц
      @ЯнкоЯнков-г9ц 4 роки тому

      Много мразя западняците и целият свят като трябва да изучава са Средновековието да учи за Западна Европа. По това време по-силна е била Източна Европа-Първа и Втора Българска империя,Източна Римска Империя,Унгария,Полша,Киевска Русия, а не брат да чета на всякъде как Англия ти била най-силната държава по това време,а Франция след нея.
      Освен това,видя ли Голямата Западна Държава в началото,на Чарлемейн. С тия Омуртаг е отишъл на война и сме ги били.
      Само че по това време са били даже по-големи,били са ни съседи.

  • @GavinSpofford
    @GavinSpofford 3 місяці тому

    $25,794.00

  • @lincsoy89
    @lincsoy89 7 років тому +1

    yasssss

  • @thisistheday6764
    @thisistheday6764 3 роки тому

    grt bt u cant help nd feed so u noboby let uu do

  • @gabriellaureano2570
    @gabriellaureano2570 7 років тому

    1444

  • @AndreaCandido-w9r
    @AndreaCandido-w9r Рік тому

    go
    ahead
    wiTh your
    Middle age we woman have righTs per Law

  • @manticore453
    @manticore453 4 роки тому

    .