Introduction to Semiconductors: What are N-type, P-type and P-N Junction Diodes?

In this video, we start with an example of where semiconductors are used (“Integrated Circuit” or “IC”) and give a quick history of silicon’s application in semiconductors. Then we talk about the semiconductor material properties in the periodic table (we only focus on Boron from group 3, Silicon from group 4, and Phosphorus from group 5). We take a look at the atomic structure (Bohr’s model) of the mentioned materials. Next, we talk about how an N-type and P-type semiconductor is formed via the doping technique in the silicon structure and illustrate their chemical bonding. Finally, we show the functionality of the semiconductor in a real example ( bipolar junction). The example we use is a P-N junction diode in a circuit. The electrons' diffusion (carrier diffusion) across the diode by overcoming the depletion layer in the forward bias state is animated in detail .

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