The Actual Reason Semiconductors Are Different From Conductors and Insulators.

Поділитися
Вставка
  • Опубліковано 21 лис 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 1 тис.

  • @I_XuMuK_I
    @I_XuMuK_I 7 місяців тому +546

    As a chemist I can congratulate on explaining basics MOT better and more intuitively than most chemistry courses.

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  7 місяців тому +55

      that means a lot to me :)

    • @lilyp4369
      @lilyp4369 7 місяців тому +13

      i fully agree. i still remember first learning it in uni and it was so confusing lol. this presentation made it much much clearer imo

    • @astemet
      @astemet 7 місяців тому +2

      Its chemistry?

    • @I_XuMuK_I
      @I_XuMuK_I 7 місяців тому +12

      @@astemet it's on the border. We chemists study this to understand how molecules come together and how they can change. So extremely important for a chemist.

    • @Keiranful
      @Keiranful 7 місяців тому +3

      @@projectsinflight now I finally understand why my PC won't turn on if I've left the window in the office open over night...

  • @yahyafarag5598
    @yahyafarag5598 7 місяців тому +505

    As an EE undergrad this is by far the best video introducing and tying together chemistry and electron physics to explain conductors, insulators, and semiconductor properties, I cant wait for the future theory and fabrication videos!

    • @rallymax2
      @rallymax2 7 місяців тому +14

      As an EE and physics grad I totally agree. This is a great primer for solid state physics. I can’t wait for the next one.

    • @AdrianBoyko
      @AdrianBoyko 7 місяців тому +14

      I was completely befuddled by this topic when I studied EE in the 80s. With the advent of UA-cam, the easy availability of this kind of excellent material makes me so jealous of the generation currently learning this.

    • @aga5897
      @aga5897 7 місяців тому +1

      What is EE these days ?
      I had an article published in EE back in 1986.
      Guessing the Meaning has changed, significantly.

    • @drekkerscythe4723
      @drekkerscythe4723 7 місяців тому +3

      ​@@aga5897Do you mean to ask about EE as in electrical engineering?

    • @eduardoGentile720
      @eduardoGentile720 7 місяців тому +2

      As a Material Scientist/Engineer undergrad I compleatly agree

  • @nhand42
    @nhand42 7 місяців тому +216

    Great explanations. And if that's your first time animating you're a natural.

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  7 місяців тому +35

      i appreciate the words of encouragement. it was an interesting project:)

    • @michiel1362
      @michiel1362 13 днів тому

      The animation skips the math in numbers which always throws me off.. graphs i can get though

  • @heisenberg2514
    @heisenberg2514 7 місяців тому +353

    I'm literally crying rn. A free 32-minute video explained what my stupid teachers could not in whole semester. I can't thank enough. please continue this journey. WE NEED YOU

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  7 місяців тому +43

      i appreciate it. hope i can be of further help in the future:)

    • @jkaryskycoo
      @jkaryskycoo 7 місяців тому +14

      Maybe you weren't ready to hear it and maybe your teachers helped build a foundation for you to learn from this video. Why blame your teachers?

    • @jursamaj
      @jursamaj 6 місяців тому +14

      @@jkaryskycoo Because it's more comfortable than blaming himself.

    • @Govstuff137
      @Govstuff137 6 місяців тому +8

      I myself must use several views on a subject to understand. But your view is Awesome!

    • @Songfugel
      @Songfugel 6 місяців тому +23

      ​@@jkaryskycooBecause EE teachers are usually horrible at pedagogy and human skills. Many of them, at least most that that I have met in studying and working in 6 different Universities have been brilliant electronics engineers, but almost no teaching skills, or ability to deliver their message at the level of beginning students, who are missing all the required background information for a deep dive explanation using acronyms and industry standard shortcuts/jargon

  • @zyansheep
    @zyansheep 7 місяців тому +97

    Its not every day where you encounter a video or article that can give you a really good intuition on how a complicated subject works. Good job!

  • @laxsjo.
    @laxsjo. 7 місяців тому +96

    This was more than just engaging, I actually placed this video into my "absolute gold" playlist! I did not expect to learn what it means for atoms to share electrons in a covalent bond from a video about how semiconductors work with respect to microelectronics. Easily one of my favourite videos watched in the last few months.

  • @electron_
    @electron_ 7 місяців тому +15

    This is the most useful explanation regarding seminonfucors. As an electronic engineer I had a clue how it works but, this is highly simplified and best explanation ever!
    10/10
    Great!

  • @not_me_again_maybe
    @not_me_again_maybe 7 місяців тому +35

    I just started reading “The Physics Behind Semiconductor Technology” by Albrecht Winnacker to start understanding semiconductors as a novice and I can tell you that your explanations helped me understand the concepts from the starting chapters a lot more. Specifically the band gaps, the book goes a little over my head when it reaches the calculus for each and every aspect. (need to relearn a lot of math)
    As a side note I was just shocked when I found out that band movement is where a light photon is absorbed or emitted and that translated to a led or solar cell.
    Thanks, keep it up, helps a lot!

  • @breiti_official
    @breiti_official 4 місяці тому +35

    You managed to explain to me in just a half hour, what several years of physics and chemistry in school couldn't: how chemical bonds form, how molecules and atoms interact, and why metals conduct electricity while other materials don't. And of course how semiconductors work. I salute you, well done.

  • @adammajmudar889
    @adammajmudar889 7 місяців тому +14

    This is insanely good. Doesn't just explain this topic really well, but explains the Physics E/M underneath better than usual too.

  • @MaxWithTheSax
    @MaxWithTheSax 7 місяців тому +56

    Great explanation. I finally understand what a bandgap is

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  7 місяців тому +9

      thanks! i appreciate the compliment

    • @korbindallas4552
      @korbindallas4552 4 місяці тому +2

      It's the distance between the cleanest and smelliest members of the band;-).

  • @v-1nce
    @v-1nce 7 місяців тому +26

    got my subscription in under a minute... "i'm working an intricate, cross-domain problem and all the existing information on the subject is unapproachable or vague/wrong in critical ways; here's what i actually needed to understand" is deeply relatable and the perspective that (imho) underlies the most engaging and inspiring educational content

  • @axlvc509
    @axlvc509 7 місяців тому +30

    Best explanation of why exactly processors have to be kept cool 👍

    • @hrishikeshaggrawal
      @hrishikeshaggrawal 6 місяців тому +1

      AND at a minimum temperature to work too.

    • @patrickday4206
      @patrickday4206 4 місяці тому

      I'm curious now if we super cool a transistor if it can still work or if it will stay open?

  • @bountyhuntr77777
    @bountyhuntr77777 7 місяців тому +15

    Im a chemical physics senior, and this is the best explanation for MOT and explanation of conductivity I've seen (and I've seen many in my studies in both disciplines). Great job!!

  • @turun_ambartanen
    @turun_ambartanen 7 місяців тому +39

    Awesome video and great animations! The switch between manim and hand drawn is a bit jarring, but does not subtract from the video quality.
    A bit of feedback if you want:
    - the E/r plot could do with constant axis labels
    - 25:40 the addition of more atoms to go from 1 to 2 to many could have been emphasized in the plot with the addition of more red dots on the x-axis. Would require animating in manim though.
    - 28:50 nitpicking: only Si has a band gap of ~1eV. Other materials have different band gaps and that makes them really really interesting sometimes. GaN chargers are common now and infrared cameras utilize Ge for example.
    - 29:40 interesting plot. I'll have to double check that note in the bottom left though ^^
    I'll make a new comment for that. DOS plays a role! I think we can ignore the energy thickness of the conduction band though.
    - 31:20 I don't agree with that wording. The temperature has little to do with it. It's the shift in Fermi Energy that causes the change in conductivity. The relationship between temperature and conductivity is completely orthogonal to that. The later remark about cooling is correct, but the explanation before that is misleading. (e.g. the plot at 21:34 does not fit to the note about kT from the FD Equation. Yes, the kT comes from that, but the IV plot is unrelated to the kT)
    Overall great video and animation/drawing. Of course I already knew all of that, but having it visualized is awesome. I'm looking forward to the next one!

    • @turun_ambartanen
      @turun_ambartanen 7 місяців тому +6

      So I checked the claim of the text at 29:40 and, yeah, no, lol. The concentration of electrons does not rise exponentially with increasing temperature. It's less than exponential.
      I made some plots and uploaded them to imgur. The album id is /a/tK77lKn
      I'll add the proper link as a reply to this comment, but UA-cam like to delete comments with links in them, so who knows if it will show up.
      Fingers crossed, hopefully youtube will not delete this comment again.

    • @heisenberg2514
      @heisenberg2514 7 місяців тому +1

      @@turun_ambartanen Bro is trying to flex his useless knowledge in comment section.

    • @turun_ambartanen
      @turun_ambartanen 7 місяців тому +5

      ​@@heisenberg2514 I'm curious what compelled you to write this comment. It's neither critizism nor agreement with my comment, and it doesn't add anything else to the discussion. So why write it? To express your opinion on why I find interesting?
      Also, two more things:
      - Before making a judgement on usefulness you should check the salaries of semiconductor physicists/chip designers/clean room engineers.
      - I'm not trying to flex my knowledge. I *am* flexing my knowledge

    • @karhukivi
      @karhukivi 6 місяців тому +1

      @@turun_ambartanen The conductivity most certainly does increase exponentially. It is the basis for the temperature variation of conductivity method of determining the band gap. It is not only electrons that contribute to semiconductor conductivity, but also holes.

  • @KTFG
    @KTFG 2 місяці тому +9

    Me to building management:
    “By code microprocessor controlled elevators must be climate controlled”
    Building Management: “Why”
    Me: “The Fermi-Dirac Equation of course!” 31:22

  • @jbkccc
    @jbkccc 7 місяців тому +15

    This was such a clear explanation! You’ve clearly got deep hands-on knowledge about this stuff - thanks so much for taking the time to share it with such a detailed and entertaining video. The animations were great, too!

  • @anantdesai2751
    @anantdesai2751 Місяць тому +2

    My father was professor of electrical and electronics at VJTI in Mumbai. As a child I watched him build radios with vacuum tubes where the grid voltage controlled the current. Transistor was invented in 1947-48. I was born in 48.
    Today I have a PhD in Mechanical. Recently I completed my first book on Science and Spirituality in Conversations with Pi.
    While reviewing atoms, liquids present a challenge. Your video and explanation of semiconductors is truly profound and fundamental. Quantum behavior should not be so mysterious. Your explanation transitioned my confusion to comprehension like a semiconductor from insulator to conductor.
    Many many thanks and as an Indian I bow at your feet in gratitude and fulfillment. 🙏🏼🙏🏼🙏🏼🙏🏼🙏🏼

  • @vildis.
    @vildis. 7 місяців тому +18

    Extremely informative and good video. Loved the animations, drawings and graphs

  • @praveenb9048
    @praveenb9048 7 місяців тому +20

    Pauli principle: This town is just big enough for two of us!

  • @joku_suomalainen7567
    @joku_suomalainen7567 7 місяців тому +56

    I learn more from this video than 3 years in school learning electron physics. Thanks.

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  7 місяців тому +15

      i appreciate the compliment!
      though i do hope this is somewhat hyperbolic ;)

    • @waitfor2050
      @waitfor2050 7 місяців тому +7

      @@projectsinflight I think it largely depends on the school you go to. I can confirm, some courses really do just teach you formulas and stuff without explaining them in more detail, unlike what you did here. And honestly, I can kind of see why. Being enthusiastic about your job and what you're doing goes a long way.

    • @GustavoPinho89
      @GustavoPinho89 7 місяців тому +3

      ​@@projectsinflightno cap there, fam. You just regurgitate Griffiths' books (with their respectives solutions manuals) and, bam, you is physicist. 😂😂😂😂 Here in Brazil instead of improving teaching standards and making use of animations and other AV technologies, when the best physics institutes were faced with a ratio of 50 freshmen to ~7 graduates over 4 years, they've just lowered the grading standards... The university ecosystem is dying. Thank heavens for people like you, who are passionate about hard stuff and are also talented and hardworking enough to make explanations of that calibre. Just brilliant

    • @gogauze
      @gogauze 7 місяців тому +7

      ​@@projectsinflight I sincerely wish it were.
      I went to 4 different universities-between my undergrad and graduate education-and, most of my good and bad experiences depended on how much the administrative and departmental staff micromanaged the instructiors on what and how they were allowed to teach.
      Now, it wasn't my major, but I did take just shy of 50 credit hours of interdependent chemistry and physics during my undergrad. And, until roughly 30(ish) minutes ago, I wouldn't have been able tell anyone how covalent bonds form or why they're so stable.
      So, from the bottom of my heart, thank you.

    • @richardramos5124
      @richardramos5124 Місяць тому

      This video helps you understand semiconductor physics conceptually, not technically. You still have to learn the math and equations for particular materials, temperatures, etc. Have fun calculating electron mobility, diffusion lengths, intrinsic majority/minority carriers at different doping levels… and the list goes on 😂

  • @trapper1211
    @trapper1211 4 місяці тому +3

    bro this is so well paced and ilustrated, I don't remember ever watching a physics/math video so relatively complicated, and yet very easy to follow

  • @karhukivi
    @karhukivi 6 місяців тому +7

    This is one of the best - if not the best - explanation of semiconducting I have found . Your description of the splitting of energy levels into molecular bands is excellent, thank you!

  • @crazyrocket2900
    @crazyrocket2900 7 місяців тому +5

    Slight nitpick: something tending towards zero in the manner described at 6:52 doesn't always mean the area under the curve will be finite.
    In this case it works out but that's not technically a guaranteed thing. The only thing you can say is that if it doesn't converge to zero that it won't be finite.
    Obviously this all is a simplification but maybe a statement about how in this case we know the area is finite instead of saying that we know it's finite because it tends to zero.

  • @dmdeemer
    @dmdeemer 7 місяців тому +8

    Great video. You're explaining the things that I couldn't understand in my microelectronics engineering class 25 years ago. This was the fastest I have clicked the subscribe button in a long time. I only wish I could time-travel to when you had the whole series done.

  • @nickcoul699
    @nickcoul699 Місяць тому +1

    Beautifully done. This helped me bridge the band gap of a lot of segmented knowledge I have on not only transistors but also Quantum Physics.

  • @HassaanFareed
    @HassaanFareed 7 місяців тому +7

    You are amazing man!! I thought i could never understand this topic in my life but you just prove me wrong. You deserve millions of followers and you will get them soon.

  • @akankshagupta6945
    @akankshagupta6945 6 місяців тому +5

    I think this doesn't realise what power he has on his hands.
    Power of making a toddler's brain that of a genius.
    You are definitely making proud your parents sir.
    Bring on the next one ASAP.
    I'M dying for whole series of this.
    Never imagined myself being so enthusiast on this topic particularly.❤❤

  • @assassinduke1
    @assassinduke1 7 місяців тому +10

    As an EE I love how this video merges things I studied in like 3-4 subjects into 1 cohesive explanation

  • @Guido_XL
    @Guido_XL Місяць тому +2

    In 1989, I joined a research-team at Philips Research in Eindhoven, Netherlands, where I was assisting a Physics PhD-researcher on LED-lasers, meant for the CD-player and the advent of the DVD-player (researchers in another team conceived our first blue LED-laser then, although bound to a liquid nitrogen enclosure). I then learned about the theory of semi-conductors, but I don't remember that the course was as clear as this video. Since then, I forgot about it, but although I don't technically need this knowledge anymore, my mind craves for it. I have to admit, I'll have to see this video several times before it all comes back to me.

  • @the_mad_bunnyx9537
    @the_mad_bunnyx9537 7 місяців тому +5

    I was worried at first that you were spending too much time covering concepts that were not needed for the explanation. But in the end, I was impressed with your explanation. There are things that I would do slightly differently, but overall, I thought you did a very good job of choosing which details to include and which details you could safely ignore.
    For context, I teach physics and cover this in my analog electronics course. (I have the advantage that my students already understand Quantum Mechanics and electron orbitals, though).
    As a teacher, I am always looking for new ways to explain things. While I can't use your video directly (I don't have the luxury of ignoring some of the things you can for my audience), I thoroughly enjoyed this video and I think that you are doing a good job with your audience.
    Keep up the good work.

  • @nikolasfrancorios312
    @nikolasfrancorios312 7 місяців тому +3

    I'm undergrad in physics teaching, and this explanation was phenomenal! I have just recently finished my introduction to modern physics classes, and i think you managed to share some very good intuition on the phenomena without being too much bound by the intrinsic maths. Please, keep going!

  • @gwillen
    @gwillen 6 місяців тому +5

    This is fantastic stuff. I have seen another video that explains fermi levels in semiconductors pretty well, but it started at the existence of bands; it didn't go back to energy levels, covalent bonding, and bonding/antibonding level splitting. This video has really filled in some key stuff for me. (I am a software engineer with a CS major/physics minor from 15 years ago, and a great interest in semiconductors which none of my courses ever quite filled in.) Thanks for the video!

  • @LiborTinka
    @LiborTinka 7 місяців тому +2

    This helps me a LOT with learning chemistry. I started learning about chemical bonds and got to confusing videos about orbitals and spins... adn this is like a breath of fresh air.

  • @novec001
    @novec001 6 місяців тому +3

    Holy crap on a cracker! This is brilliant! There are some great videos out there explaining how semiconductors work, but they've all left me with a frustrating urge to understand the underlaying principles. And the textbook approach has always been out of reach for an armchair physicist like me. You, my dear sir, have my eternal gratitude!
    That mix of Minute physics and 3 blue 1 brown animation styles really showed the strengths and limitations of each of them. I have no idea how you could improve, but I have no doubt you will. Can't wait to see the next videos!

  • @tapiomakinen
    @tapiomakinen 7 місяців тому +1

    Not only did you explain semiconductors, but (for me at least), you solved the whole chemistry and half of the physics, too. Thank you, sir!

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  7 місяців тому +1

      thank you :)

    • @ashifarman4813
      @ashifarman4813 6 місяців тому +1

      ​@@projectsinflightnow i know the secret behind covalent bond is there more thing to know ?

  • @noer0205
    @noer0205 7 місяців тому +3

    This video is straight up gold!🥇
    You gained a Patreon, sir.
    And from the bottom of my heart: Thank you, sir! You just taught me stuff I have been searching for the understanding of in high school and university. This video truly connects and answers what's the cause for so much of the material taught in chemistry, physics etc. and what we see in the real world.
    I accidentally yelled out loud when the penny dropped 😅
    Would love to see more like this! 😊

  • @GianGix_
    @GianGix_ 7 місяців тому +2

    Wow! I’m from Italy and I’m studying ee. When I was attending semiconductor physics I was very annoyed because my teacher wasn’t very good explaining these concepts. So I’ve learned most of the things by myself and they are incredibly amazing. Never thought this subject could be so good! But I still had a “hole🤣” on the first part and you explained it perfectly!
    I think I will be taking notes from this video.. one of the best that I’ve ever seen so far on yt

  • @RaspberryWhy
    @RaspberryWhy 7 місяців тому +3

    Great work. Had to watch it twice for the majority to sink in - no reflection on your efforts. Your animation is pretty good. I used to work with Flash animation in the "days of yore" so know how challenging it is to visualise stuff and then make it move :)

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  7 місяців тому

      thank you- i really appreciate your thoughts

  • @HANASHENNEPATANGAN
    @HANASHENNEPATANGAN 4 дні тому

    This video was so informative and so engaging. Texts like "no explodey" and "move pls?" cracked me up. Thank you for sharing this valuable explanation to us!

  • @gavril30-hs3bx
    @gavril30-hs3bx 7 місяців тому +7

    WAKE UP BABE NEW PROJECTSINFLIGHT VIDEO!!! But seriously, I'm loving this series. It's very beginner-friendly for those who want to get into this hobby or industry so I appreciate your work!

  • @Adam-xr6fj
    @Adam-xr6fj 6 місяців тому +1

    I got through 90% of this video before I realized you were explaining semiconductors and not superconductors. I enjoyed it regardless.

  • @andresarias3475
    @andresarias3475 5 місяців тому +4

    Excelleeeeent!!! I’m a Chem engineer doing a PhD in Bio molecular, and this video was wonderful!! Best introductory video. It should be shown to students before starting to get deeper into details!
    Can’t wait for future videos.

  • @BiglyWeenis
    @BiglyWeenis 7 місяців тому +3

    Great stuff! As a math-illiterate biologist, it might be nice to have the core point to remember (like at ~25 min) before and after the mathematical explanations, to help track why things are important.
    Also, I wonder if you and maybe AlphaPhoenix could come up with some fancy hydraulic or mechanic representation for any of these principles!

  • @rohan.fernando
    @rohan.fernando 7 місяців тому +1

    This is a seriously good overview of the basic principles behind atomic energy, chemical bonding, and semiconductor physics. This is literally years of education compressed into a 32:41 video … well done!

  • @airtongabriel6827
    @airtongabriel6827 7 місяців тому +3

    Yeahhhhh finaly man

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  7 місяців тому

      i know right- took me a lot longer than i expected

  • @ancientlink0
    @ancientlink0 5 місяців тому +1

    Thanks, 9th garder but you made it so easy to understand.
    Really opened my eyes because i have been messing with electronics for while but after watching this i realised i never fully understood semiconductors. The last graphs were amazing 👏

  • @marfmarfalot5193
    @marfmarfalot5193 3 місяці тому

    Material Science and Physics bro here. Very well explained - textbook examples and summary + more! People are so afraid to talk about QM even with Molecular Orbital Theory so this is just a 10/10 by making it understandable

  • @pavlokachor6544
    @pavlokachor6544 6 місяців тому +1

    I absolutely loved how you blured the picture to depict that it's fast! Great animation!
    Finally someone who talks about what does the interaction between atoms/molecules look like, not just "calculating energy". I'm looking forward for the future videos about this topic

  • @hazemyossef1135
    @hazemyossef1135 7 місяців тому +1

    My mouth stuck open in surprise for the entire video. It’s a very simple intuitive and interactive video I ever seen on the topic.

  • @AgentSnowpuff
    @AgentSnowpuff 5 місяців тому

    This is an absolute S tier explanation of not only quantum mechanics, but how and why those mechanics bridge the gap between the atomic and macroscopic levels. When the two protons merging dropped the hill below the ground state I literally let out a vocal "oh my god" completely involuntarily.
    These kinds of topics are so far reaching in their subject matter, that even when I put serious work into researching and talking with my professors, it's very hard to walk away with an understanding that is holistic. In most situations people only explain the mechanics as they directly relate to the subject matter their teaching. My professor's explanation of semiconductors was more from a classical mechanics perspective since it was an introductory class and he just needed us to understand diodes well enough to put LEDs in our circuits.
    I can't tell you how much of a relief it is to finally find some explanations that actually answer more questions that they raise. Thank you so much for this video!

  • @harshanand901
    @harshanand901 Місяць тому +1

    It's a great explanation, I haven't touched MOT for years, and your one video just refreshed a lot of memories !! Keep doing great work ! Content like these prepare the next generation of enthusiasts.

  • @keithsabine7398
    @keithsabine7398 Місяць тому

    A nice explanation of band theory in laymans terms. I'm a PhD semiconductor physics and in 40 years have not come across such a clear and concise explanation as this. Keep up the good work.

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  Місяць тому

      that means a lot coming from someone with that much experience in the field :)

  • @SixOhFive
    @SixOhFive 2 місяці тому +1

    As somebody in school this and your most recent video have me ready to change my major, and the life changing power of chat-gpt brings prescience to this industry and it’s power to change the world.

  • @eianex1329
    @eianex1329 4 місяці тому +1

    Nice video, I am waiting for the next one now. A suggestion: don't be scared of adding more technical explanations, and maths details. People may get scared but the explanation will be able to dive deeper in the imagination using harder math.

  • @N_0706
    @N_0706 3 місяці тому +1

    Absolutely amazing video! Can't wait for the next video. I've had a tough time getting a proper intuition of semiconductors since many explanations are either oversimplified or too complicated. But your video(and likely your next video too) are perfect

  • @juanma4978
    @juanma4978 7 місяців тому

    last year physics student here, amazing work explaining such complex topics in a didactic and understandable manner, love your videos, great work!!

  • @costa9243
    @costa9243 7 місяців тому +2

    This is one hell of a good quality video. You explain quantum physics so well, and I can not wait for your next video! Keep it up!!!

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  7 місяців тому

      i really appreciate it. thank you for the compliment:)

  • @iky__
    @iky__ 7 місяців тому +2

    I learnt most of these things in my high school classes. Although i understood all of it, i was never able to tie it all together and picture why do semiconductors and transistors work the way they do. The animation was great and the narration, crisp. Keep up the good work and looking forwards to more videos like these!

  • @waylandsmith
    @waylandsmith 6 місяців тому

    I'm seriously impressed with this video. I'm very science literate, but with relatively little math education and this video did a fantastic job of describing and illustrating the relationships between the objects modelled by the equations. When I took up electronics as a hobby I spent a lot of time looking at plots in semiconductor data sheets and I now recognize the shapes of those plots in the graphs and understand much more what they mean. Your illustrations are clear and your animations to-the-point and non-distracting. Please keep up the work!

  • @vinzent1992
    @vinzent1992 2 місяці тому

    Great video, most people who cover this either go too deep or not deep enough but you managed to strike the perfect balance, well done.

  • @gerardogarcia2930
    @gerardogarcia2930 29 днів тому

    This is such a concise and eloquent explanation of semiconductor physics! Right now, I'm watching a CalTech lecture series on analog circuit design on UA-cam, and it begins with semiconductor physics. This video really solidified my understanding of the material in the first lectures, and as I continue watching that lecture series, I will use these videos as supplemental material. Thank you so much!

  • @oscarhalse2026
    @oscarhalse2026 Місяць тому

    Today I have watched 5 hours of semiconductor lectures from my university and at 18:26 everything finally clicked.
    It was the missing piece that took me from being able to merely copy the equations, to actually understanding them. Sure I have been exposed to far more info than whats available in this video, so there was just a tiny gap left in my knowledge left to fill in, but oh how wonderfull it felt to finally understand the CONDUCTION part of a semiconductor.
    If I ever meet any students who want to take a course in semiconductors, I will tell them that they MUST watch your videos before the start of the semester. You provide the context that the lectures miss!

    • @elvissalcinovic9711
      @elvissalcinovic9711 28 днів тому

      You think you could send me some of the lecture videos so I could self study?

  • @KasranFox
    @KasranFox 6 місяців тому

    this is one of the best explainers i've ever watched about anything. you took an incredibly dense topic and boiled it down extraordinarily succinctly, and now i have a whole new appreciation for semiconductors. thank you so much!

  • @santiospina4504
    @santiospina4504 7 місяців тому

    This video is amazing, really. I remember "learning" about conoducting band theory in my first chemistry class but neither of us really understood it. The way you explained every concept leading to understanding energy bands is amazing, thank you very mucho for that. Great work!

  • @imetr8r
    @imetr8r 3 місяці тому +1

    This might be the best explanation of atomic theory I've ever seen! Can you place a link to your next video on diodes and transistors as I have not been able to find it?

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  3 місяці тому +1

      Still working on that one- The next video will be out in a couple of weeks :)

  • @dadaburro
    @dadaburro 6 місяців тому

    Dude, I hold a degree in Electronics Engineering and I feel that having seen this video when I was still undergraduate would have saved me a ton of hours of study. This video has clarified a lot of stuff that remained a mystery to me even today. Thank you!

  • @DaftyBoi412
    @DaftyBoi412 6 місяців тому +2

    What an amazing video and easy to digest explanation, even if you don't fully understamd everything in it, it gives enough context to fully grasp the topic advertised!
    Great work, and thanks!

  • @HafsaBatool-mc1de
    @HafsaBatool-mc1de 4 місяці тому

    Never got to understand MOT so intuitively. The part where you explained the splitting of orbitals was almost satisfying.

  • @SpinStar1956
    @SpinStar1956 3 місяці тому

    Excellent, I really appreciate these clearer explanations.
    Many moons ago, I bought a Semiconductor Physics by Szu and never could master it; just too-deep, too-fast.
    Keep it up!
    Thanks!

  • @riscy00
    @riscy00 7 місяців тому

    This is one of best video tutorials explaining how material work since I learn the basic stuff 25 years ago since working for high energy physics in London related to CERN project and the OU studies on semiconductor materials. The quantum is very well presented here. Thank you.

  • @Alexander_Sannikov
    @Alexander_Sannikov 6 місяців тому

    Throughout the video I kept trying to keep in mind the entire logic chain of what comes from what: potential well with quantized energy results in discrete energy levels -> energy levels of 2 atoms can merge as the come closer together -> merged energy levels have to split due to paoli exclusion principle -> many atoms in a lattice produce a lot of split levels that become almost continous -> a continuous gap requires little energy for electrons to jump from one atom to another -> conductivity in metals. I wish you just recapped this whole chain every now and then to remind what you've explained so far and how it fits together.

  • @mynamesgus4295
    @mynamesgus4295 7 місяців тому

    oh my, i came here to learn about the peculiar nature of semiconductors. instead i got a full revision on the MOT and how energy band gaps actually work. your video was absolutely amazing to watch , and if you say this was your 1st time animating, it was incredible and added so much to your explanation. please keep making quality videos like these!!!

  • @garungunan
    @garungunan Місяць тому

    This was exactly what I was looking for, an overview of the band gap to get a better mental picture of it. And it was amazing, well done!

  • @porl42
    @porl42 7 місяців тому

    Making my own voltage controlled oscillator design for a diy synth project meant learning how to make an exponential converter using transistor properties. Of course it was all black magic to me so rather than copying blindly i played around on a breadboard and tweaked values until things worked.
    This is the first time i actually have am even basic understanding of what it was that circuit actually does.
    Absolutely loved the animations and that was the easiest to understand explanation I've seen.
    Thanks!

  • @cledieu
    @cledieu 6 місяців тому +1

    Wow, now that was way more "involved" than I thought it would be. Down the rabbit hole with Physics, yet again. Great video.

  • @CosmosNut
    @CosmosNut 7 місяців тому

    Am to poor to support other than the like button. BRAVO ! Very well done !! Am retired but think many could benefit from a watch or two or three of this video. Worked in semi from the mid 70's and cannot tell you how many folks don't understand this. THANK YOU

    • @projectsinflight
      @projectsinflight  7 місяців тому

      No worries! I appreciate everyone who takes the time to watch!

  • @Swimmor908
    @Swimmor908 7 місяців тому +1

    This is absolutely amazing! I have been struggling so hard in my semiconductor physics class and watching this video really helped me grasp alot of the math heavy concepts! Thank you and I cannot wait for more videos on this topic!

  • @ALEXANDERKYRKAS
    @ALEXANDERKYRKAS 9 днів тому

    Great explanations. Further beyond any specialized university in the world on quantum mechanics. Encouraging people to understand is the highest donation in education. Congratulations and keep forward. Modestly, thank You. Alex

  • @EnthalpyUplusPV
    @EnthalpyUplusPV 2 місяці тому +1

    That was an amazing video. I new all the pieces separately but it all finally makes sense

  • @blonehou8522
    @blonehou8522 6 місяців тому

    Amazing video! Finally tied a bunch of seemingly unrelated stuff I've learned during chem and physics courses into one coherent picture.

  • @introjeff
    @introjeff 6 місяців тому

    I like how you took it step by step with pure, easy to understand logical statements and did your best to simplify. I'm sharing this, awesome job.

  • @patrickday4206
    @patrickday4206 4 місяці тому +1

    I understand so much more thanks so much. Kinda blows my mind how it interconnects with everything i can picture it in my minds eye. Amazing

  • @junkerzn7312
    @junkerzn7312 6 місяців тому

    40+ years EE and this is the first time I understand the actual mechanism behind the "T" in those equations. Palm-on-face! You even explained leakage current as a bonus! I'd give this video 50 thumbs-up if I could!
    -Matt

  • @kered13
    @kered13 6 місяців тому +1

    This is a fantastic video! However at the end you introduce the energy barrier and talk about raising and lowering that barrier, without explaining where that energy barrier comes from, how it is controlled, or how it relates to temperature. I hope you can discuss these in your follow up video!

  • @jdsahr
    @jdsahr 5 місяців тому

    I've taken several classes in Quantum Mechanics, including one involving crystal lattices/semiconductors (the "inverse lattice", "Brillouin zones," etc.). Although there is quite a bit more that can be said, this video *truly* gets the main points right.

  • @chyldstudios
    @chyldstudios 6 місяців тому +1

    Dude, this video was absolutely amazing! You did a fantastic job explaining the concept behind semiconductors.

  • @epriyblas
    @epriyblas 7 місяців тому +1

    Best explanation i ever saw for covalent bonding, conduction band, bandgap linked to quantum mechanics : )

  • @1three7
    @1three7 2 місяці тому

    I'm not even finished with this video and I already subscribed.
    I am not bad with math and physics compared to most people I guess but I'm terrible compared to anyone who focused on either for their college studies. I watch a lot of these videos that actually focus on the math because I'm trying to get better, but it always seems like channels are either focused on people who don't want to bother with the math at all or people who have already studied it for years. So either way I don't usually get a better understanding of things.
    Your explanations and visualizations are the perfect balance though. Everything is clear and still getting into the details of the equations. Maybe you are just hitting my personal level of understanding by luck but you are definitely right where I need. I truly appreciate this and can't wait to watch more of your channel!

  • @markknecht9416
    @markknecht9416 Місяць тому

    As someone with a BSEE and a chosen career of circuit design I moved to Silicon Valley in the late 1970's and worked on designing EPROM and then EEPROM memory chips, predecessors to what people know as Flash memory today. While quantum mechanics wasn't well understood by normal engineers at the time I think if we'd had media like this to talk about and understand we would have built better chips.
    Thanks for putting in the effort to do this.

  • @noone-ez6on
    @noone-ez6on 7 місяців тому

    I was familiar with MO theory and i knew a bit about band gaps before watching this video. However i've never seen someone explain it so plainly and succinctly before!
    What a great video.

  • @va3bhav
    @va3bhav 10 днів тому

    this is a very good video on the topic that scares most of the students or even professors, while it takes more lecture hours to deeply get into what is being taught, this 30 mins video was the best intuitive, mathematical and practical it can get for the Semiconductors. Great Work sir!

  • @nathanieltan3569
    @nathanieltan3569 7 місяців тому +1

    This is a great video. I've watched plenty of explanations on youtube and sat through a few lectures in my undergrad and graduate education on semiconductor physics but this is the first time I feel like I actually have a grasp on where the bandgap concept comes from. I am definitely one of those engineers you mention who do not understand the underlying semiconductor physics haha.

  • @douginorlando6260
    @douginorlando6260 7 місяців тому +1

    This video is on my list of required viewing for anyone wanting to understand. Right up there with Huygens optics and Physics explained

  • @gigio_leao
    @gigio_leao 4 місяці тому

    Amazing! More videos, please. You are helping students immensely

  • @snake4eva
    @snake4eva 25 днів тому

    @projectsinflight This video is a splendid explanation and I haven't seen one that does it quite as clearly and as well as you have. The part that I most appreciated was how you explained how the orbitals have to split when molecules combine and how this causes the band gaps to be formed. Please continue to make these videos and I hope your channel grows because you are doing a great job

  • @paulbizard3493
    @paulbizard3493 6 місяців тому

    Thank you very much. I waited 30 years for this straightforward explanation of the energy bands ! Can't wait for the next video. Keep up the good work ! Nobody has ever explained to me the relation between the energy bands and quantum mechanics. I never read it anywhere.
    👍👍👍👍👍👍👍

  • @NoDopeJustInnovation-bx5hs
    @NoDopeJustInnovation-bx5hs 3 місяці тому

    PLEASE keep making videos like this, i know how hard it is to learn basics or even mid tier stuff of any subject if you don't know what are the topics to know, keep the good work!

  • @beautifulsmall
    @beautifulsmall 2 місяці тому

    Very well thought out explanation, That was months of my 1990 Physics degree in 30 mins, and I think I understand it better now. Great work.

  • @rgubgri5268
    @rgubgri5268 7 місяців тому

    this channel might rival 3blue1brown himself someday. Brilliant explanations, with enough details to make it stick, without getting lost in mathematical intricacies