A Brief History Of White Castle - Monmouthshire, Wales
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- Опубліковано 25 лип 2024
- A brief history of White Castle in Monmouthshire, Wales.
If you are interested in visiting White Castle, you can find more information on Cadw's website here: ( *Please note that the Brief History UA-cam channel is not affiliated with , nor should this video be considered any type of endorsement by or partnership with, Cadw)
cadw.gov.wales/visit/places-t...
Time Stamps
0:00 Intro
1:09 History & Ownership
11:03 Construction & Layout
16:06 White Castle Today
Attribution
Videos
All videos not notated below were collected through royalty free websites and require no attribution.
Photos
All pictures were collected under creative commons license, public domain, royalty free websites or with permission from copyright holders. Any photos not notated below were collected via public domain. If there is an error in this, please contact me and I will adjust accordingly as it has been done unintentionally.
White Castle Artist's Recreation - © Crown copyright (2023) Cadw; illustration by Chris Jones-Jenkins
White Castle Outer Gatehouse Artist's Recreation- © Crown copyright (2023) Cadw; illustration by Chris Jones-Jenkins
White Castle Inner Gatehouse Artist's Recreation- © Crown copyright (2023) Cadw; illustration by Chris Jones-Jenkins
Welsch Marches- XrysD, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Abergavenny Castle - Ethan Doyle White, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Hen Gwrt Moated Site- KJP1, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Wood Palisades- Zureks, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Square Keep- The Norman Keep, Peveril castle by David Dixon, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Llewelyn Adjusted- Thomas Prytherch, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Postern Gate- Curtain Wall at White Castle - 2 by Trevor Rickard, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Outer Gatehouse (1st)- Andy Dingley, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Outer Gatehouse (2nd)- Roger Davies / The ruins of White Castle on a gloomy October day, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Vaulted Roof- Dennis Jarvis from Halifax, Canada, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Square Tower From Outer Ditch- Part of the outer walls at White Castle by Jeremy Bolwell, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Arrow Slit- Andy Dingley, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
1970s Photo Of Gatehouse- Harold Dilworth Crewdson / White Castle, 1976, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Inner Ward From Outer Ward- Andy Dingley, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Inner Gatehouse Straight On- Chris Heaton / White Castle, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Rear Of Inner Ward Gatehouse- Andy Dingley, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
East Wall Of Inner Ward From Gatehouse- Top of White Castle - 3 by Trevor Rickard, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Inner Ward Looking South From Gatehouse- Andy Dingley, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Ovens- Andy Dingley, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
View Of Landscape & Outer Ward From Inner Gatehouse- Top of Inner ward looking toward outer Top of White Castle - 1 by Trevor Rickard, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Music
Medieval Astrology- Underbelly & Ty Mayer
Dreams Become Real- "Dreams Become Real by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: incompetech.com/"
Calcutta Sunset- E's Jammy Jams
No. 7 Alone With My Thoughts - Esther Abrami
Sources
The Three Castles, Grosmont Castle, Skenfrith Castle, White Castle - Cadw
White Castle Official Guidebook- Ministry Of Public Building & Works (C.A Ralegh Radford)
wikipedia.org
*Errors &, Corrections:
Surprise! I know I said that I surely wouldn’t have a new video out by the end of the year but I have been working on getting a new series started for some time and here it is. Many have been asking what I would be doing next after I finished up the English Monarch Series, and now it can be known. I am happy to be back, discussing the medieval world, as the English Monarch Series has now transitioned into the more modern era (which tends to be less interesting for many people, including myself). The “Castles Of Britain” is intended to be a 15 part series initially, (which can always change) at which point I will re-evaluate if I want to continue further on with more episodes. For those of you who may be wondering about the English Monarch Series, fear not, as I am still committed to finishing that as well, and am currently in the process of working on Edward VII as we speak. Nevertheless, I hope to be able to stagger videos from the English Monarch Series as I transition to the “Castles Of Britain”, but that will remain to be seen. Thank you for your interest in the video and/or the channel, and good luck to you all in 2024. As always, if I catch any errors or if any are pointed out to me, I will add them to the errors and corrections section at the bottom of the video description. Cheers.
Thanks For this! And after You finish with britain please do the Habsburgs of Austria! Frederick III to Karl I
Very excited! Excellent video as always, also. Looking forward to your new soon to be series! 👍
In the States you have the incongruity of place-names of English origin next to native American origin.
Place-names are tricky but give a clue to history. You get 99.9% correct a remarkable feat. Rarely a mistake. Please pronounce "Grosmont" without an "s" "Gromont". Thanks.
You occasionally get a mix of English and French names like Ashby-de-la-Zouch beloved of Walter Scott and "Ivanhoe" and also Chapel-en-le-Frith (Chapel in the Forest) in Derbyshire.
Quite often place-names are often a subject in their own right and a very great clue to a place's history before you've even visited.
Derby itself. Does it sound very English? You couldn't be further from the truth!
Anthing ending in "by" is almost certainly Danish. Like Brondby in Denmark. They actually pronounce "by" in Denmark as "boo"!!!!!
The Vikings came and established five places called, in Saxon, the "Five Boroughs" in the East Midlands, Derby was one the others being Leicester (the old Roman Ratae) Lincoln (the old Roman Lindum, sorry Abraham) Nottingham and Stamford. Derby the only one having a Scandinavian name.
Edinburgh, Lancaster, Scarborough, Clitheroe, Alnwick, Bamburgh, Warkworth, Stirling castles etc were chosen for their commanding positions. Clitheroe castle is a "Shell Keep" castle.
Some were hurriedly built usually in wood with a natural or man-made motte and an outer bailey as you will know. Some later converted into stone.
The Norman's found themselves in a hostile country. After the battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066 near York, Harold rushed South to Hastings taking one third of his army.
The Midlands - (Mercia) and North (Northumbria) kept most of their armies back.
William reached London, gradually by a Westward arc and established castles, one of the most famous early Norman castles was Berkhamsted.
Further North William ran into resistance. York is on a plain so he built two motte and bailey castles either side of the River Ouse ("Oose"). One still exists topped by Clifford's Tower rebuilt in stone.
It didn't do it's job. The Northern forces were not at Hastings but were around York probably some in Galtres Forest ("Galtreys"). The Norman garrisons sadly were massacred. In reprisal William torched the North, some say the North has never really recovered. It was called the "Harrowing of the North". It was the only action William said he ever regretted. In brutal times it is saying something saying it was "too brutal".
A lot of the inhabitants crossed the Pennine Range of mountains and moved to the Lake District which the Normans never captured and does not feature in the Doomsday Book and which was inhabited by Celts and the Norse, where you still get Norse names, "Fells" mountains and "Becks" streams.
The transitions of castles from purely defensive to residences took centuries. Henry VIII's castles like Deal and Walmer built in the age of gunpowder to defect shot etc.
Kenilworth, Warwick, Lincoln being important castles and powerbases, politically, as was Windsor and Arundel. Windsor is a royal castle and a favourite of Edward III. Other Royal castles were Knaresborough which one of your contributors mentions as was Pontefract or "Pomfret" in Shakespeare. Pontefract comes from the Latin, bridge+broken. The Romans built a bridge across the Aire.
Some castles precede the Normans from the Iron Age "Maiden Castle" Hill-fort etc. Hill forts are quite numerous. Saxon castles exist like Conisbrough. The Normans were Johnny-come-latelys who used whatever was available, Iron Age, Roman, Saxon. The Hollywood version of castles came rather later.
Some castles and walled cities like Sandal and Coventry respectively took a rather decisive role in the Roses and some even in the later Civil War in the 1640's like Bridgnorth, Newark and Carisbrooke. A lot were sadly "slighted" (damaged) so as not to be of use and blown up.
There used to be probably thousands of castles many with short lives.
Tutbury Castle was sadly where Blanche of Lancaster passed-away from the plague. John of Gaunt had himself buried with Blanche in the old St. Paul's Cathedral before the Great Fire. Tutbury was also one of the places Mary Queen of Scots was held prisoner before sadly her execution at Fotheringhay Castle.
Raby Castle was where Cecily Neville was born and home of the Marcher Neville family.
Middleham Castle was the home of Richard III.
Sherriff Hutton and Bolton Castles, two more, of many.
Many have sadly gone like Sheffield Castle now a name on a street. Others romantic ruins like Peveril, Norman, as residents moved out into country homes when defence wasn't so important.
One big castle that has changed is Nottingham Castle. A formidable castle and rallying point for Richard III and where George Stanley, Lord Strange is supposed to have tried to escape by leaping the walls is one. It was connected with Arthur Wellesley the Duke of Wellington and was torched by the mob during anti-government riots. However part remains. The oldest pub in England, the "Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem" from the 1100's is next to it and near the site of an episode that changed England when the secret tunnel was used by prince Edward and his accomplices to arrest his mother Queen Isabella and Roger Mortimer and seize the throne as Edward III.
The Salutation Inn from the 1200's is also a neighbour (oops neighbor) on Maid Marion Way.
Thank you so much on choosing castles, what's next Abbeys?
👏
How far will the monarch series go? Will you do elizabeth ii or is she too modern. Also any plans to do the early kings of england like aethelstan? I know there is not as much confirmed info on them but they are still interesting
It worked - you popped up in my feed, and as a new subscriber I am very happy with this late Xmas gift from UA-cam's algorithm!
Congratulations ! From what sounds like an American, this is a very good video about White Castle. I am from Monmouthshire, and have visited White Castle several times over the years, in my travels around many of Britain's castles. This is an excellent introduction to the subject. I appreciate your attempts to pronounce the names, and by and large you succeeded.
First off: awesome idea for a series. Second: ‘check description’… oh good the rest of the british monarchs will be discussed! Edward VII and George V are among my favorites. Third: Cheers, it’s good to see the channel has a future beyond the monarch series.
Very cool! I think the popping sound effect could be a bit lower in volume or removed entirely though! Looking forward to this series!
A castle series, you have my attention good sir. We see so many video on pyramids, Roman and Greek buildings but castle is not something that is talked about very often
Love this new Dynamic series.Cant wait for more.Its really intresting that this is a castle series and i believe that there is a lot to learn about them,as they are so critical to English history.
This was a terrific look at this castle. Very comprehensive.
Yey…..Brief History’s getting into British castles and I love visiting our castles.
A new video- what an awesome surprise! You do such a great job, I love your videos ❤
Oh yeah!!! The best UK content on the tubes.
Great to see you man! Hope You had an amazing Christmas and wish you a happy new year! 🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄😊😊😊😊😊
I love your channel because it has really helped me understand English history and in many ways, American history. I found this video was really interesting and I look forward to your other videos in this series.
As someone without much background in English history other than your monarch series (and not necessarily the best memory for all the personalities included in it), I would love it if you included more details about the the historical context in which the castles were built, existed, and evolved, as well as commentary about why certain personalities fell into and out of favor or had their lands seized.
I know this is potentially redundant in the context of your monarch series, but I imagine many will discover these videos without an understanding of English history and the insightful commentary included in your monarch series. I apologize that my request will make more work for you. I want you to know that I do sincerely appreciate your videos with all their insights. Thank you.
And here I thought you were going to tell us about hamburgers! You know, White Castle Hamburgers?
(Great video! Thanks!❤️)
Love your content man! You always make My day!😊😊😊❤❤❤
Thanks! I was just thinking about this last channel today as I haven't seen anything recent. How exciting!
Thanks Sheila! Cheers!
I really like this new series! It puts additional context to the information from the monarch series. I'm looking forward to the next one!
You have obviously done a lot of research into this castle,and have a great passion for this subject.I have visited all castles north/mid and south west of Wales.I have not been to S/E wales ,which I may do this year. These three Castles you have mentioned are ones I have wanted to visit. Thanks for making a very good video,and history lesson.
I lost interest in your monarch series sometime around the Stuarts so I was happy to see a transition back into medieval history, you should also consider doing videos on pre norman rulers
I have been lucky enough to visit all 3 of these castles back in the late 1980s -- all was wide open to visit and explore. It's nice to have a deeper detailed history on the castle to experience here and I would love to see more castle content posted here from that area. I just subscribed - Thank you!!
I did not know i needed to know this until i heard your voice. This is a brilliant idea, BH. Thank you so much.
Great series!
Hey I’m from Monmouth…except it’s in the states lol I always find it interesting to learn more about the places that inspired the names of the towns/cities around me.
One of the better castles to visit in South Wales, plus it's free. I enjoyed it, as did my missus. Mind you, not much space to park up when you get there, but the setting is pretty spectacular
❤ this! As a heads up please please PLEASE do Pontefract Castle! Not only is it my local castle but at the time of its pomp was the greatest castle in the North of England
Well worth visiting
Brilliant, a new castle for me and well worth a visit👍🏻Thanks
This is brilliantly done. Well done BH 👏
Still looking forward for the Edward vii documentary though 😊
But I love this new series about castles.
Your accent is a trans Atlantic, is that correct ?
Well you just got a new subscriber due to your castle series. But I’ll go back and check out your monarch series too.
Very nice - and your narration is in such a beautiful American! I wonder what part of America you're from - you really speak in this lovely American, when your friends from the other side of The Pond think of a beautiful American! Wishes for an amazing new year - all the way from 🌎🤞🌍 Denmark 🇩🇰
Marks or marches where a common form of border regions in medieval Europe, where local lords had more power due to being in hostile territory basically. Fun fact: Austria as a duchy first, and as a kingdom/empire later, started out as the "Eastern Mark" (or march) in the time of the old Franks
Thank you so much for your detailed information. 🙂👍
It is fascinating.
Please note a, relatively near neighbour of the White Castle was William Marshall the greatest knight of the age who was granted Pembroke Castle as the Earl of Pembroke and had an international reputation and known to the Angevin kings and practically brought up Henry III winning for him the (Second) Battle of Lincoln.
North Wales is significantly different topographically than South Wales. Though South Wales has the Brecon Beacons it is more of a rolling countryside. North Wales, Snowdonia in particular, is mountainous. Mountains don't really exist in Southern England so the king needed marcher lords in Wales and the North of England and gave some palatinate powers, subject to the king but in reality autonomous in their regions. They upheld the kings writ but it was essentially their writ. They were mostly warrior earls and barons but one, the Bishop of Durham, was a Churchman.
You will be aware North Wales was a problem for Edward I. There were castles of the native Welsh princes so he needed his own. Edward had been to the Holy Land and engaged the architect of the day to reproduce state of the art castles as you will be aware, known as the "Iron Ring" . No expense was spared. Famously, Conway, etc.
One was Harlech, it too was rendered in whitewash.
Another was Criccieth. Criccieth is unusual in that it housed a tower for an "engine" i.e. a mangonel or trebuchet (catapult).
Sadly Edward I passed-away relatively near me and from my front-windows I can see Piel Castle on Piel Island built by the Abbot of Furness in the 1300's, on a clear day. It was to protect his property from the Scots who would raid this far South.
The Yorkist army landed there during the Lambert Simnel Rebellion and fought at Stoke Field in 1487 in the last action in the Roses.
There were no Dukes before the 1300's. Edward's brother Edmund being the first Earl of Lancaster. Edward III made some earldoms into dukedoms and the Dukedom of Lancaster was one. Since 1399 the Duke of Lancaster has been simultaneously the reining monarch, Queens being known as the Duke of Lancaster not Duchesses. It was a Palatinate, same as the neighbouring Earldom of Chester from the get-go.
The Beauforts were blood-related to the Lancastrian Plantagenets anyway, via Edward III. Similarly also the de Bohuns (pronounced "de Bahoons") another famous Anglo-Norman family and marcher Earls of Hereford, near the White Castle.
Not only was Henry IV's parents John Duke of Lancaster ( - Gaunt) and Blanche of Lancaster but one of his wives and mother of Henry V was Mary de Bohun. The De Bohun "white swan" like the Beaufort "portcullis" were badges of the Lancastrians and indeed the "portcullis" is the badge of Parliament.
Lancaster Castle is intact and inhabited. It stands on the site of the Roman fort.
John of Gaunt's Gateway is it's principal entrance. Facing it is Lancaster Priory which was a Benedictine Priory and which remarkably survived the Dissolution of the Monasteries under Henry VIII when almost all were dissolved.
"Go to Flint castle, there I'll pine away,
A king woe's slave,
Shall kingly woe obey."
Richard II (from William Shakespeare's play of the same name).
Adieu. 🤗👏
They serve sliders?
I await the video on my home town castle, Knaresborough! I believe some of the knights that murdered Beckett fled there
Wow, I knew White Castle was the 1st Hamburger franchise, but I didn't think it started before the 20th Century.
Thoroughly enjoyable and informative.
Out of interest, is the square, stone keep depicted at 5:50 et al actually an image of the keep at Peveril Castle in Derbyshire?
Hello. Thank you for the comment. Yes you are correct. Cheers.
Can you do french kings next? That would be a good series!
Where's the drive-thru?
How are their sliders?
Is this castle named after the restaurant?
I’m assuming the stone would have been brighter and more polished it would have looked beautiful when it was first built
I love history, thank you. And here I thought White Castle was just an American hamburger franchise.
its been 40 years since i visited these 3 I'm pretty much sure it was white if you look one of the D shaped towers the stairs would of gone up opposite to the normal spiral, spiral up to the right instead of left my teacher had never noticed in all the years he had visited till i asked him why it was backwards i got a distinction on my history school work for this project
Just an idea. If the only depiction of yesterdays rulers are 19th century romantic historicism, then maybe the depiction from their tomb lids, would be more accurate portraits and historically correct.
Where did they cook
the hamburgers ❓
😋🍔
OK where do you order the hamburgers
Великая Киликия
First
When did they start making the little square hamburgers?
Give Harold&Kumar directions, so they can get their sliders finally. ^^
Wait.
Is *this* where Harold and Kumar were going?
No Edward VII?! And can we get prussian kings/german emperors next? If you want to stick to british history then my vote is for military leaders like John Churchill for example.
“ the men and women who built them”…..😂😂😂
When raging(and justified) paranoia meets military architecture....
Their burgers are overrated!!