PIRATE SWORDS! What types of swords did PIRATES use?
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What types of swords did pirates in the Golden Age of piracy actually use? Was the pirate cutlass a real thing?
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Here's something cool to talk about
ua-cam.com/video/hTPXuPVnJ8w/v-deo.html
@@edi9892 nah allow my dude to get some money, he puts out consistent quality content he deserved the bag
@@harleyokeefe5193 I'd prefer any other typical sponsor but not a falsely advertised game.
I would really enjoy if you could make an analysis video about weapons and armor in Raid. Along the purely nonsensical stuff they seem to have some pretty functional looking fantasy weapons like the warhammer on Sanguinia.
Please please please make a video about this 14:30 sword! You said that it is some kind of parang? It really looks like a Turkish Pala!
"Hey Blackbeard, how many kinds of weapons do you have access to?"
Blackbeard: "Avast"
I love the idea of anybody going around telling pirates what they could and couldn't use for swords. "You there, that backsword is only permissible for freebooters, and we're clearly on a buccaneering expedition here!"
Arrr
"Don't use that cutlass, it's not-" *flintlock shot*
There could be a Python sketch in that.... almost like the trial for the sapper who flicked wet towels at the enemy whilst dressed as a bag of daises.
Yes, especially since they were outlaws to start with and by the nature of their profession didn't give a rat's ass about laws. They'd probably keel haul you for suggesting it LOL
@@Rogue.Templar30 I think fish slapping would be even more appropriate LOL
I always assumed that pirates simply used whatever swords they had in their arrrrrsenal.
😐
Underrated comment
Aaaye see what you did there!
@@Freeloader_420 Me thinks ye mean, und- *arrrr* -rated! 🦜🦜🏴☠️
I think that if a pirate has pistol and the opponent has a rapier, so the pirate has rapier as a sidearm
Interesting to note that in Trinidad and other parts of the Caribbean, the machete used in the sugar cane fields is known as a Cutlass.
In Puerto Rico the longer machete is called a 'machete' while the short machetes are called 'daga' like a dagger.
It was really weird at growing up to realize what we call cutlass, and still call cutlass, is what people refer to as a machete
Would like to see Matt's opinion of a common street vendor's 3 canal though, had an uncle who kept one and sharpened it until it was basically a dagger :')
@@madmansprinkles haha yes that's classic. The old ones like that which are sharpened down to thin blades are great for small grasses!
In the same vein; the last cutlass issued by the US navy (Model 1917 or 1941 depending on how you define it) had the guards cut off to be reissued as machetes in the SE Asian theater.
@@AG-yl2iv That was a neat thing to learn , Thank You!
Beginning of the video: "Did pirates *really* carry cutlasses?"
End of the video: "Yes."
Kind of an oversimplification lol
Good, thanks now I don't have to wade through all the waffle.
Beginning of the video: "Did pirates *really* carry cutlasses?"
End of the video: "*MAYBE?" @ 36:23
Dude, spoilers! :P
Christopher Lee Sounds like you don’t get this channel at all..
One of my favorite things about pirates is that they were generally active 1-3 years before they were killed or caught. Except for the Dread Pirate Roberts, brilliant man.
Pirate pension schemes are a bit of a waste of money then.. 🤔
@@robbikebob Unless you're the dread Pirate Roberts
A short life, but a merry one. Of course the life expectancy of _any_ European in the Caribbean before the late 19th century could often be measured in terms of months due to the endemic tropical diseases to which most Europeans had no immunity. It was common for European regiments posted to the Caribbean colonies to return after a few years with up to 70-80% of the soldiers dead from malaria, yellow fever, and other tropical diseases. I'm guessing the yellow jack killed a lot more pirates than the Royal Navy ever did.
Henry Avery and much of his crew survived and got away to enjoy their riches. Some of them became Americans.
I have an antiqued finished Dread Pirate Robert's replica rapier!!!
My man subtle saying "stop complaining, I need the money" before the raid ad was gold. We understand brother, don't worry, just bring the content
They should make him a character in the game.
He may as well be advertising dragon dildos because I find mobile games with exploitative microtransactions akin to gambling just as repulsive and out of place.
@@rzrx1337 now now, no need to kink shame!
@@rzrx1337 lmao LOL
@@rzrx1337 Well someone's gotta pay the man for the work of putting these videos together. If you don't like the sponsor, maybe throw some money at his Patreon?
I can't help thinking that Matt would make a great Nosferatu.
I hope you mean Count Orlock, and not the grotesque vampires from World of Darkness / Vampire: the Masquerade
I'd been thinking the same thing for a while. But a very good-natured one!
Head of a coven of modern vampires guised as a fencing club.
That's it! I've had it in the back of my mind for ages now, but never quite made the connection.
Ha ha ha that's hilarious.
You really got me with that sword at the beginning, Matt. Almost took it for a real one.
His daughter already has made a career choice...
He acquired that from an antique collector.
It must be Ceremonial!
I still believe it is real deal.
To be fair, I've seen quite a few "zombie" knives and swords that look like that
According to historical research, 80% of pirates had an eye patch, a club--foot a hook-hand prosthetic, and a parrot on the shoulder, while holding a rum bottle with the trademark XXX.
A few pirates really did have peg legs, including such as Francois Leclerc and Cornelis Jol.
The eyepatch stereotype most likely came from Rahmah ibn Jabir al-Jalhami, who really did wear a patch to cover his missing eye.
Pirate Oruc Reis (one of the Barbarossa brothers) wore some sort of metal prosthetic after he lost his left hand. We can't say for sure if it was a hook, but it's close enough. Christopher Newport was another privateer to be missing a hand, but there's no way to know if he had a hook.
William Dampier's crew did take parrots on board during one of their voyages.
And Rum? everybody loves rum! Aargh!*
*And as for "talking like a pirate," that's the West Country accent, and a lot of pirates really did come from that region, including Francis Drake, Samuel Bellamy, Henry Avery, and Blackbeard.
Yarrrggg!
XXX actually means the liquor was allegedly 100 proof (50% alcohol) or higher. Proof testing wasn't an exact science back in those days. They'd soak black powder with the distilled liquor and if the powder still burned it got XXX (even though 80 proof is the threshold of flammability). Anything else was just XX (like the Dos Equis label although only distilled spirits should have that mark. Beer/ale/lager/grog/bock & cet. is rarely over 10 proof so the name is disingenuous) .
The shipwreck of The Golden Fleece, a pirate ship sunk in 1686, contained a cuttoe. A picture of the sword is shown in the book "Pirate Hunters, Treasure, Obsession, and the Search for a Legendary Pirate Ship" by Robert Kurson. It looked pretty similar to the cuttoe you made a video about.
"You found pirates in all parts of the world."
Me looking at modern Asia and Africa, as well as some other areas... yeah, about that word "found."
I was going to say ironically, the only place you won't find them is on the Barbary Coast, but then I remembered the human smugglers, though not exactly the same, probably close enough...
@@wilfdarr Different, but still maritime crime.
@@ostrowulf Yup.
The Barbary Corsairs were state employees and thus buccaneers
As were privateers, which I think are pretty well included in this topic.
Not only did learn a ton of interesting history, I've discovered that I need another sword.
Yes, Matt is dangerous that way.
And another pistol 😁
One always needs another sword. And it's funny-you never really NEED that first one you buy but subsequent purchases are always a justified necessity.
Would love to see Matt go in depth on context/use of the schiavona, which is both extremely practical and also gets my vote for the most beautiful sword design.
It's a basket hilt broadsword/backsword/sabre from a part of the world that happened to be absurdly rich and proud of it. There really isn't any more to it.
The cinqueda is lovely in its uniqueness. I love how silly wide it starts at the guard then tapering ridiculously to a super pointy stabby tip. Did I mention many were bejeweled around the guard and hilt? Girls love sparklies 😁
I personally like the sudanese kaskara and the polish-hungarian sabre.
@@lillyanneserrelio2187 I’ve been in love with the cinqueda since AC2
The sword, that they would prefer to use, also probably heavily depends on the sword fighting techniques they had learned earlier on. Their origins were certainly important in their preferences.
Weapons Familiarity first.
Oh arrr
Blackbeard famously carried as many as 12 pistols at a time. Some in in crossing bandolier holsters. He had at least two in holsters at his back. Supposedly he came over the side withe his sword ( or huge butcher knife) between his teeth & a pistol in each hand. Impressive but not highly recommended for climbing from one bouncing ship to another bobbing ship while being shot at.
A pirate from Scotland using a claymore is a terrifying idea
@@mccormyke Eh better than having only one shot. If you have all these flintlocks lying around you might as Well use them.
Obviously swords were status symbols but I wonder if certain swords were valued more by pirates simply because to have posession of one meant that you had killed or defeated someone of high military rank.
That’s actually a pretty interesting idea
I think a spear would be impractical on ships, and swords were not just status symbols. Also, swords could be used for cutting ropes on the ship.
@@shawndang326 Actually... there were/are things called "Boarding Pikes" that WERE LONG Spears with HOOKS on the ends! They were used to pull ships closer but ALSO to PULL Enemy Sailors OVERBOARD AND/OR SPEAR them BEFORE Getting on board the enemy ship!
The FASTER You could Dispatch the enemy... the SOONER you got to OVERTAKE the ship and get on with removing the loot/treasures/booty/cargo!
So YES they DID use "SPEARS" of a sort!
Most swords were not just status symbols but actual weapons.
I think if they got an expensive sword from a raid they would hold onto it and sell it rather than risk damaging it and just use whatever second hand coutelas they have in the stock. Probably sold it to some foreign nobleman.
Fernão Mendes Pinto writes in his memoirs* that their halberds were very effective against japanese pirates ...
Him being a pirate himself, amongst other jobs.
*Very worthwhile reading!
Awesome! I've read all the great seafaring memoirs (Suffering of Turner, Slocum, Two Years, Four Years) but hadn't heard of this one. Thanks for bringing it to my attention!
Halberds would be useful for boarding and counter boarding if you trained a bit with them. Training would also be useful for bonding and team building among the crew.
@@shawn6860 I'll bet there was a fair amount of rough housing and bare knuckles to take care of the team building element.
@@wilfdarr that and arm wrestling. 😁
What if Charles Vane was carrying an antique? What if he saw an antique katzbalger and was just like "yes please!"
The landsknechts used them for close up personal fighting when they got too mixed up in the melee for their pike/halberd/gun/great sword to be useable, which would serve in quite the similar environment of close quarters ship combat (although arguably more useful swords that fill this role were around at the time)
Intresting thought
@@simoneriksson8329 half for fun, but I mean people like antiques today. Not very likely, but it's fun to consider nonetheless
Landsknechten
Why is that in English the plural of a foreign language word is always wrong? Is it arrogance of being the world's premier language?
@@psychoaiko666 prrrroooooobably because I don't speak german :D I wouldnt think too deep into this
If well maintained an antique sword can be just as deadly as a newly manufactured one.
Caribbean islander here 🇻🇮 🇦🇬 🇹🇹 and a Pirate descendant 👊🏽
South Carolina hanged Stede Bonnet, who had at one time sailed his ship in coordination with Blackbeard. He had voided his pardon from the Governor of North Carolina by returning to piracy. Colonel William Rhett was authorized by the Governor of South Carolina to lead a force of militia and three of the colony's naval vessels, cross into North Carolina, and capture Bonnet. He was hanged at White Point Garden on the Battery in Charles Town (Charleston), on 10 DEC 1718.
Aaarming swords! I’ll get my coat.
The unauthorized reproduction or distribution of this copyrighted work is illegal. Criminal copyright infringement, including infringement without monetary gain is investigated by the FBI and is punishable by up to 5 years in prison and a fine of 250,000$. Piracy is not a victimless crime.
Arrr, matey, run up the Jolly Roger and upload that video!
Me, standing in Front my WLAN Router, holding a cutlass and a muzzleloader: "Stand and delivers all ©️ Bounty you've got or I'll sink your vessel together with the whole Internet!"
I think the FBI are too busy giving money to schizophrenics that they can later charge with terrorism so you're probably safe.
24:50 - "Representing a flaming sword,".... "I can't imagine you doing
this with a smallsword"
Actually a smallsword would be the IDEAL sword to use as a real-life flaming sword
assuming that you wanted it to have a practical function in boarding operations or pirate raids.
First the historical justification. Blackbeard famously draped himself in multiple burning fuses, partly for effect, but also likely because he didn’t want to lose access to flame if one of them went out. Most any pirate would want to have access to flame for, lighting cannon fuses, setting diversionary fires, and last but not least, illumination, either on a night raid, or because you are fighting below deck. If you are a pirate, and want to have more flame with you than a fuse would provide, you could in theory simply take a lantern, like a peaceful sailor. We know that some civilian sword instructors trained people to fight holding a lantern, so this probably happened now and then in pirate operations. Holding a lantern is not likely to be ideal as an offhand item in a fight however, and I suspect that most pirates preferred torches.
As a practical matter a torch for a sailor in era would mean wrapping a piece of wood with tow (frayed rope or similar material used for caulking a ship’s seams) and soaking the tow in pitch, tar, oil, or something flammable and available. A torch would be better for starting a large fire, or lighting a fuse, and it would better at offending an opponent than a lantern, but imagine that you an honest sailor and are in a desparate fight with a torch-holding pirate opponent. Your flame-wielding
opponent is about to win, and the only way that you can win is to lunge intothe torch to make your thrust. Would you accept the burn?
I propose that the most likely semi-practical reason and method for achieving a flaming sword would be inspired by just such a situation. You would create the flaming sword a lot like you would make a torch, simply wrapping the tow around the blade instead of around a stick, and placing the tow far enough down the blade that enough of the blade was unencumbered to be useful as a secondary thrusting weapon. A smallsword would be very much superior for this purpose because it would be small enough and light enough to support the addition of tow and pitch. Smallswords were also not reliant on the cut, and so would still provide some useful offensive capability even if it was somewhat encumbered by wrapped tow. Many smallsword hilts would also be somewhat protective against drips of oil or pitch from the bundle of flaming tow. This sort of thing would probably not be great for the sword, but with Roberts being interested in “plenty and satiety, pleasure and ease, liberty and power” he might have been more than willing to damage or abuse a blade or two so as better to protect himself.
I was actually thinking much the same. Wrap the whole blade in hemp twine and then soak it with lamp oil.
A pirate might say he used a sharp type of sword...to make his point
Oh arrr
finally a joke with some edge…
The popular concept of a pirate cutlass probably has a lot more to do with what the great Ray Harryhausen chose to use in his models for the Sinbad movies rather than what they actually used.
Cutlasses were associated with pirates long before Ray Harryahausen.
Have a look at the original Jolly Roger flags. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolly_Roger They are a pretty strong evidence for the typical pirate cutlass, as they are designed by the pirates themselves.
@@vast634 Looking at the page you provided, I see almost as many spears as cutlasses.
@@stefanb6539 The video was about what type of swords pirates used, not what other weapons they also used. Given the maritime background I would even think those are harpoons.
@@vast634 It was a typical naval weapon used for self defense on ships.
In the topic of flags, I was surprised you didn't bring up Calico Jack's famous flag, considering he had the iconic jolly roger of a death's head above two s-guard cutlasses (a flag perhaps made more famous by the POTC franchise as the "main" flag of the Black Pearl). In his case, the twin cutlasses are often interpreted by historians to stand for his lovers Anne Bonny and Mary Read (the two female pirates also featured in this vid) so it could be that those two, specifically, carried cutlasses.
Very nice vid. Keep up the good work! Would also like one more focused on the Barbary Corsairs, the Japanese pirates (the "Wokou") and the pirates of the South China Coast, why not.
The authenticity of the crossed swords flag is uncertain. There are no known references to this flag before the 20th century, so it might have been made up, along with a few other flags.
The skull and cross-swords flag is a 20th century fabrication, there are no period sources to prove that
So glad I got my copy of _Boarders Away: With Steel-Edged Weapons and Polearms_ back when it was $25 instead of $350. It has *all* the answers to this question.
A very strange weapon you might want to look at is the "Venetian Boarding Sword," a 16th century sword with a sawtooth edge on one side. I think only two of them are known to exist today, but I heard a museum curator speculate that it may have been used in a similar role as the cutlass.
Looked it up, definitely a weird one.
Oh boy that is a weird thing! Serrated blades would be good for cutting rigging but those aren't that kind of serrations, are they? This sort of reminds me of what is dubiously referred to as a "sword breaker" albeit with a more practical blade mass for cutting/chopping/slashing and a reinforced tip for stabbing through whatever you feel the need to stab through. Whoever owned that was some kind of hellion.
@@nickaschenbecker9882 It would look cool in a pirate movie, wouldn't it?
36:47 It's always "Who is the pirate?" and "When is the pirate?" but nobody ever asks "How is the pirate?"
Drunk, groggy, or dead?
@@Dennis-vh8tz itchy, angry, fed?
Why is pirate?
@@KJ-kw7gh better wages then regular sailors I’ve been told.
@@keepermovin5906 don't forget the health insurance deal, some had.
BTW what is the Mole man army and where can I dig to join?
I've always assumed like real pirates, they use whatever they could get their hands on
ANd it's true, except for the odd guy out with dual hooks
@@whynottalklikeapirat there are always some odd guys out there Pirates aren't an exception either :D
@@maszkalman3676 "Odd" in this context means "not like the others" not "weird" or "bizarre". It is unusual but not at all STRANGE for a pirate to sport two hooks, double eyepads or dual peg legs. Some even have fake ears and noses or buttocks. They usually look like something out of a first grade art class, but no accounting for taste ...
@@whynottalklikeapirat well not just that but peoples even back then sometimes choose unusual weapons or tools even if that wasn't the most convenient for that.
@@maszkalman3676 I'll kill a man with a dull teaspoon if I don't like him. Highly impractical yet so rewarding.
You mentioned the scimitar and I think there is a thing here. From the middle age onwards Muslims of North Africa were depicted with stereotypical board falchion like cutlass with clipped points. Also north African later really used broad sabers in the from of the Nimcha. I think it's possible that the image of the barbary pirate probably corrupted the European view on pirates, giving them the "Muslim scimitar" associated with barbary pirates and ottomans.
I had this video up while I was working on something at my desk. As it does, concentration took over and I missed about 30 seconds to a minute of the video. I look up, my ears turn back on, and I see a portrait man on screen showing off his slave and Matt saying, "he really looks like a proper gentleman here". without the context that we were talking about the indicative social status of his blade, that was totally took me off-guard and was hilarious.
Calico Jack's flag was twice as cool as Black Bart's because it had a skull and TWO swords!
In the historical tale of "Infortunios de Alonso Ramírez" of 1690, a spanish-mexican history of a men captured in South Seas by english pirates, and who probably joined them as a pirate, he had a philippine kriss.
Imagine you're getting boarded by pirates and the Spaniard pulls out a kriss like FML
I would love to hear the Matt Easton recommendation, based on the ship board environment, for the best pirate sword. Confined space, corrosive environment, enemies encountered, combat tactics, etc.
My guess would be short, curved, fairly broad, and not too expensive. So something like the hanger or cuttoe, or a naval cutlass. Good for cutting ropes and people.
This has been true of all kinds of warfare throughout history: the tactical environment will drive the development, choices and use of weapons.
@@lachlanmckinnie1406, also, short hand handy for use in confined quarters like belowdecks.
@@lachlanmckinnie1406 a sawback hunting sword would be ideal for cutting ropes and rigging. And if the blade was blued or nickel plated it would make it more resistant to salt spray. Any steel at sea would need oiled constantly, especially in the warm Caribbean. I would bet most actual pirate swords were rusty and many a victim died of tetanus. They may have even let them get that way having some idea that rusty blades caused infection. A digression, but in WWII, the kyu-gunto issued to the Japanese navy were actually typically made of stainless steel.
Short, hefty, easy to maintain, easy to use and easy to carry. I got a feeling they would have loved the Briquet.
Given how many pirates were deserters, mutineers or privateers who lost their letters of marque it makes sense that they simply used what ever they were issued with or owned during their regular service. Especially considering that the new captain would probably claim the nicest and most valuable sword for himself, namely the one of the previous captain.
The briquet is a cutlass from the Napoleonic era.
Surprised you didn't mention the North African nimcha, which was fashionable for a period in the 17th and early 18th century in European naval circles.
I just googled "nimcha" this may be my new favorite sword. Absolutely beautiful
@@douggaudiosi14 now google the kastane.
Actually If you look at the Pirate captains who were in Black Sails the did relatively good with the overlap. Charles Vain DID actually Interact with Blackbeard, Calico Jack, and was the first mate of Henry Jennings.
Just enough truth to mess with how I remember my history.
Kinda works with the point of that show too. "The stories they tell about us after we're gone aren't always the stories we were a part of".
Wasn't Calico also formerly on Vanes crew?
And then mix them up with captain Flint and Long John Silver from the famous book "Treasure Island". But no mater what, Black Sails was an entertaining series to watch.
@@Verdunveteran The captain Flint character was based a lot on Henry Jennings and Samuel Bellamy. They took stories of both and made a character that could be the "hero" of the show because They couldn't have the main character die in the first season. For a show that came out in the "Jack Sparrow" era I was surprised with how much actual history they put in.
Matt might ask "who is the pirate" and "when is the pirate", but sadly no one ever stops to ask "how is the pirate". 😁😁
I'll do you one better, why is the pirate?
So... How are you?
Which is the pirate?
Ok, I'll let myself out now.
Surely the most important question is "where is the pirate?"
@@dzonbrodi514 psst don't look, but he's behind you.
I love that at 21:45 when you start talking about the famous pirates that you have a momentary self correction word stumble that makes you pronounce "famous" with a Somerset accent. Seems very appropriate.
To quote Captain Redbeard Rum “Arggghhh You have a woman’s sword Matt . I’ll wager that sword has never been used as a rowing-boat. I’ll wager it’s never had sixteen shipwrecked mariners tossing in it.”
(hands on hips) "Well neither has *yours*"
@@dzonbrodi514 That's where you're wrong laddie.
Blackbeard's ship did contain a sword hilt and handle with a stump of blade. It looked like a hunting sword with a similar cross guard to the picture. Lots of pictures online. Lots of good info in this one. Thanks.
I use the cold steel lange Messer as my cosplay pirate sword. I realize it's not period but I think it's elegant for what I can afford.
Langes Messer. Lange Messer is either singular ( das lange Messer) or plural .
I'm sorry, it's actually called the Man at arms Messer by the company.
Well... You could also just cosplay an earlier period pirate. It's not like piracy wasn't a thing before the 17th century.
Take Klaus Störtebeker for instance, quite possibly the most famous german pirate. He was active during the 14th century and died in 1401.
If you wanna be a pirate but only have medieval equipment, there's nothing stopping you from being a medieval pirate.
I would not want to carry a working sword around when having fun .
@@tamlandipper29 I can’t think of a time if given the option I wouldn’t want to have a real sword on me
Latest news from UK: Government cracks down on all curved swords and now requires foam pirate swords be registered and a special license for them to be acquired.
Shit really? And I only just paid for my tea licence
While on the subject could you look into the swords used in Pirates of the Caribbean movies?
Love the Glasgow hilt! When did you get that in?
I've had that for a few months now. Can't decide whether to keep or sell :-)
@@scholagladiatoria German blade or Birmingham?
@@scholagladiatoria That's got to be the worst part of dealing in antiques, knowing a piece will likely never come back to you (I'm a hoarder by nature, so collecting is not a healthy hobby for me😉).
Great video: as a sailor it was one of my favorites.
I'm writing a historical fantasy Pirate novel, so this type of information is invaluable! At most it saves me some reading, and at the very least it gives me relevant points to research. Great work as always Mr. Easton!
The guys who made the Blood and Plunder games did a lot of research, and gave a list of recommended books. Can't recal what they were off hand though.
To go along with what Matt said about pirates using whatever kind of sword they wanted to, I don't think that pirates had a particular style of speech. For lack of a better term, they didn't necessarily speak like a stereotypical pirate. That's not to say they wouldn't have said things like, "argh, me matey" and things like that, just that most probably would have spoken using the same dialects and jargon as other sailors of their day wouid since that's where pirates often came from. Then the officers, depending on their background, might have spoken like any other member of the upper class/gentry would have and not sounded like a regular sailor.
@@Riceball01 I learned that early in my own research, but there is definitely a balance when it comes to meeting peoples expectations but also trying to base a story in some form of realism. The first draft I wrote of the prologue didn't have any "stereotypical" pirate speech, but when I let a friend read it, he was like," why don't they sound like pirates?" Lol So some of my pirates definitely sound like stereotypical pirates. I've been using the Pirate glossary to learn some of the slang. My personal favorite is the name calling section. Lol www.pirateglossary.com/namecalling
I think it would make sense that a dialect would start to come up from those who grew up in the area or spent a good chunk of their life there, but any who were not born there likely would speak in the manor of where they came from, unless they put in an effort to talk like the local born. Also may pick up some jargon, much like in Canada, you spend too much time with Newfoundlanders, and suddenly random words pop up into your speach, and you end up reffering to the by's (boys/guys).
@@Riceball01 The stereotypical "pirate accent" is actually the West Country British dialect. Quite a few pirates really were from there, including Franics Drake, Blackbeard, Henry Every, and Samuel Bellamy.
To be honest, I never really understood what type of swords exactly were used by Jack Sparrow, Will Turner & Davy Jones in the Pirates of the Carribean movies (other than the smallsword that Will Turner crafted for Norrington)
@LurchTheBastard Absolutely! The fight choreography in those movies is fun as hell, realism be damned!
Sparrows blade looks very similar in apperance to the Hanwei Revolutionary War Hanger. And many online sellers seem to market that perticular Hanwei sword as a pirate, PotC or even Jack Sparrow cutlass simply for that very similarity. Personally I've alwayse loved the looks of the Hanwei Revolutionary War Hanger as I'm a big fan if infantry hangers. Hope to get one at some point and see if it feels as good as it looks.
Ive heard somewhere (a while ago) that for the first PotC they did some research on swords, cannons and ship types of the era they were displaying. I think Sparrow's sword was even an antique (ofc switched for action scenes) of that time. Generally, you can see the types mentioned by Matt, minus the military ones pretty much. But plenty of hangers and their variants, small swords and spadroons for the different characters.
@@Verdunveteran If you can get one go for it except for lacking the extreme distal taper of many originals (which were quite thin near the tip) it is awesome. Have one (that I got secondhand). It is a fun sword and they got the length and proportions of the hilt more or less correct; like my antique one, it has a fairly short grip and the knucklebow etc. are slim, not oversized. It lacks a bit of distal taper as many do but I gave it a bevel on the back of the blade (careful not to ruin the temper) for the second half slimming it a bit. It's a nice short sword. The scabbard core also appears to be actual wood not plastic. I put an edge on it and it cuts and just looks darn cool besides!
@@Acetylsalicylsaeure2 Agree they actually got the swords pretty good in Pirates of the Caribbean. No 19th century later period cutlasses, by and large hanger swords an spadroons and such. Jack Sparrow's sword looks much like the Hanwei infantry hanger replica as has been mentioned.
22:00 Both of the flags shown there are quite specific to rather infamous pirates. Neither of which, were Bartholomew Roberts! Haha..
22:57 The bandolier of pistols, throughout much this period's naval culture (outside of the various Royal Navies), was something like a _"badge of office."_ On any given ship you'd often find three individuals armed in this way: the Captain, the First Mate, and the Quartermaster. On the surface, these pistols were intended to be used against enemy vessels and their crews...but they would have been _conveniently discouraging_ to the casual mutineer, as well. So, a mark of authority, all-round. Also worth mentioning; other than these specific members of the crew, going about the ship "armed for battle" was _prohibited,_ and arms were collected and locked up, when not engaged with, or approaching, an enemy vessel.
The brace of pistols was actually started by cavalry in the days when knights still wore plate armour. It would've started with matchlocks (the logistics of which give me a headache) and later been replaced by wheel-locks. This was a popular tactic during the Thirty Years War. There were actually attempts during this period to make functional revolvers. One exists in the Royal Armouries and is attributed to a German gunsmith named Paul Dübler. But this period doesn't terribly outdate the so-called "Golden Age of Piracy". We're talking early 17th Century.
Interesting, informative and worthwhile video.
Related, how much space was in ships below deck? That would be my deciding factor for a sword. If it is anything like my bedroom, I'd definitely go for a smallsword or a curved hanger with a blade no longer than 26 inches.
It very much depends on the ship and exactly how far below deck your talking, as well as the period. The absolute lowest navigable parts of the ship where typically pretty cramped though. Pirate ships tended to be a bit on the small side, too.
0:00 *Aarrr!* ...is genuine *pirate language* with a ton of different meanings:
- "I'm angry"
- "Board that ship, mates!"
-- "Avast, ye lubbers!"
- "I'll chop you down with my cutlass"
- "I'm thirsty!"
- "Get me a bottle of *rum"*
- "This treasure map is confusing, I can't find the treasure"
- "Climb all the way up there? Are you serious?
- "Where's my parrot?"
- "Oh no, a shark bit off my leg"
- "That's a bloody large amount of gold in that treasure chest!"
- "I'm out of chewing tobacco"
- "This is boring"
- "This is funny"
- "That Draugr is so annyoing"
- "I'm still thirsty, get me yet another bottle of *rum"*
- (pirate way of silence) "I'm out of clues of what else to say"
Also important to consider is that, as seafaring bandits, pirates would steal weapons. So until their venture became any kind of profitable to allow buying weapons, they'd be using what they'd looted. Which is whatever their targets were wielding.
Hi for all pirate buffs there are 2 available versions of Captain Charles Johnson’s book that I know of. One isbn 0-85177-919-0 which is only volume one, but does have the wood cuts. Then isbn 9781973369196 which is both volumes, but doesn’t have the wood cuts.
Also on a later topic “the British code of duel” from 1824. Reprinted in 1971. SBN 85546 157 8 by the Richmond Publishing Co ltd. “A reference to the laws of honour and character of Gentleman”.
I said "yarr" every time Matt said "pirate" until 1:04 and I realized I had gotten in over my head
Great video. Question: would spadroons also have been used by pirates at this time? I thought spadroons are sort of an outgrowth of military broadswords, designed to keep more thrusting ability.
The moment you said you were gonna look at pirate portraits, I immediately said "Francois l'Olonnaise and Blackbeard". 😁
"What types of swords did PIRATES use?"
"It depends..."
on context...
Or on how much silver, seagulls and rum you throw into the equation
What type of swords did pirates use? Yes.
Have a number of privateer swords from the early/mid 18th Century from the South West of the UK, swords were called hangers, one was identified as being owned by a privateer captain. All had wooden handles, as on small wooden boats it is continually damp/wet, any leather handle would ripped/shredded the wet skin. Various short swords were used, all leather/metal handles were replaced with wooden ones. Have a very nice mid 18th Century silver Colichemarde, which handle was replaced by a wooden one
You can't beat an English silver hilted colichemarde.
I have quite a few antique smallswords including a colichemarde but have yet to find an affordable English silver hilt/colichemarde
They were also called 'cutlasses' or 'cutlashes' as far back as the 17th century. See Monk, 1650; "Their Knives and Cutlashes are made of Unicorn..." 'Hanger', 'cutlash', 'cuttoe' and their various spellings were all in concurrent usage.
Have uploaded information on the Swords drive.google.com/file/d/12BTYdk_AiH7HoMVMx_sXI47TzhXmIfgF/view
@@Meevious yes completely agree, but the wooden handled swords I have been used in small fast heavily armed vessels with cutter type rigging by privateers . From experience after a few days sailing in such small fast boats, you become soaked in water with leather tearing the soaked skin apart and metal causing bruising.
@@skepticalbadger have uploaded to Google drive a pdf document with pictures of the swords and their historical background. These swords would have come from the Bristol (UK) environs..
Before watching, I'm going to assume a pirate would use any sword that works well in the close quarters combat that they would experience in boarding engagements.
I've been following you for ages, and I have never gotten around to saying, Man! You do rocking work! Thx.
Blackbeard first image sword, looking at the line of the scabbard, looks curved to me. And considering the small quillon with curled rounded tip, I think that maybe the author tried to represent a sort of ottoman kind of sword
Hi Matt! Would love to see you do a video on Cossack swords, there is a long and varied history there! Could start with the painting "Letter to the Sultan."
Great suggestion. Very interested in that! Cossacks are very much like pirates, using captured weapons from neighboring people and different traditions...
Small correction, dusack is more of an Eastern name. In German and Dutch it would more commonly be referred to as a "degen", which is confusing because rapiers (and actually anything that that doesn't have the classical medieval sword shape) are also called degen.
Do you happen to know what the german/dutch name for the Walloon sword is? I came across "houwdegen" but I think that means broadswords in general.
Matt, I've read a bit about Spanish trade swords (Bilbao/Bilbo for instance) were very popular with Americans in general and American pirates in particular. Any thoughts or information on that?
Matt I don't understand the speculation... they obviously used spadroons... they're literal best sword ever... they can literally cleave through cannon balls, and stay sharp enough to slice through the wind of an enemies sails forcing their ships to stop....
"THE NEZ COUPE' SWORDS", Two swords, both of Western European origin, c. 1800, the first being a typical French cavalry sword, with a pierced and engraved hilt, leather wrapped handle, and a burnished blade, length 37 in., the second sword being a typical N.C.O's cutlass, brass hilt, with a curved blade, length 28 3/4 in.Provenance: Descended in the family of Louis "Nez Coupe'" Chighizola, trusted lieutenant of the pirate Jean Lafitte, eventually to Natali Benvenuto Chighizola, Jr. By long family tradition, used by "Nez Coupe'" at the Battle of New Orleans, January 3, 1815.
Excellent video.
One possible suggestion, I knew a guy who had retired from the British Navy, who more than once said, "From the beginning of the Empire the modern day, one thing is true. That being Admirals love lists. If you can count it and put it on a list they'll want 3 copies & then 3 more, for Queen and Country. With that bit of humor in mind, are there not lists of the confiscated items from when pirate ships were captured?
Though I realize that they wouldn't have as detailed of descriptions as we might today,
*sword, civilian: 10 each*
Might be listed.
@Matt FYI the Qin and Qing dynasties are pronounced "Chin" and "King". Also the ships locker or armoury would have held swords for the most part. It would be very had for a tops-man to work with anything bigger than a utility knife.
Qing is pronounced “ching”.
You really hooked me with that intro!
Pirates on the Norwegian and Baltic seas seems to have used dussacks that sometimes were cut down. Dussack was part of the state mandated arms every man needed to have as part of the national defence in Denmanrk-Norway (with the option of a military axe for lower classes). The law only cared about the hilt design, so the blade was all sorts of things, there's even an example of a 14th century blade rehilted in period to conform to the law of 1612.
The reason I believe those swords were heavily used by pirates on the Baltic and Norwegian seas, is that there is a lot of examples of them found on the Norwegian coast (in attics or walls of old farmhouses), especially in a cut-down fashion. They apparantly wanted shorter swords on the coast than a normal dussack, which is already short. That tells me that people on ships preferred short, curved, cutting swords. Whether they are short due to ease of transport/storage/wear or if they were short due to how they were used, I can't tell.
I have a feeling that pirates ended up using Cutoe's or Hangers just because they were cheap and it was a backup weapon at best. As you have pointed out, the more iconic weapon of the pirate appears to be the pistol, with the musket as close second.
A simple cross guard on a clipped point long handled blade, about 28" to 36" slightly turned up at the point and forward at the pommel but by no means a scimitar. Sometimes a simple d guard or knuckles, Its what we call a long knife, my scots-irish family always has atleast one per household, I have one and I wear it any time it isnt inappropriate, camping etc
This was some really good information thank you
When you look at a gentleman posing with a sword for a painting/portrait, he might be portrayed with a very expensive and ornate sword that he wore to "functions," but would never carry such a work of art into a battle.
There's actually an historical account by a former crew member of what Henry Morgan considered the signature weapon of a 17th century raider of the Spanish Main. It's very precise and detailed, and sadly it's not any kind of sword:
"The president of Panama was astounded that 400 men could have conquered such strong fortresses, whose defenders had not lacked courage, with nothing but small-arms. He sent a messenger to Morgan, asking that he might be allowed to see the weapon which had given him such power. Morgan received the president's envoy with great civility and gave him a French musket with a barrel four and a half feet long, firing a one ounce bullet; he also sent a cartouche which he'd had expressly made in France, containing thirty cartridges full of powder. He charged the messenger to tell his master that Morgan presented him with this musket, and that within a year or two he would come to Panama to fetch it back again"- from The Buccaneers of America by Alexandre Exquemelin (the same book some of the plates shown in this video were originally engraved for).
I love the thinly-veiled threat at the end. The musket pretty much matches what he's holding in the image at 18:55, so I suspect the choice of weapon to depict was influenced by the text. Despite how things are presented in movies, the classic pirate era was firmly in the gunpowder age, and firepower was probably more important than swords. Muskets were also favoured over pistols, at least according to Morgan. Good quality muskets and paper cartridges would have given his crews extremely rapid, accurate firepower for the day. I suspect pirate captains were usually portrayed with swords and pistols because they're effectively officers, and those were the normal weapons of an officer. Regular seamen aboard pirate ships would probably have had some kind of melee weapon as well as a musket, but it wouldn't necessarily have been a sword. The word 'cutlass' is still used to describe machetes and cane knives in the Caribbean, so they might have been an option. Bayonets or musket butts might also have been used, just as on land.
My copy of Exquemelin has a number of reproduction 1680's engravings in it- several other portraits of notable pirates, as well as battle scenes and atrocities. Weapons include a lot of hanger-type swords, but also rapier-type ones, smallswords, daggers, clubs, pikes and a few halberds. But mainly lots and lots of muskets. Grenades are mentioned several times in the text, and at one point in the book the Spanish try to attack Morgan's men by stampeding cattle towards them. I don't know how you'd classify an angry cow under the Oakeshott typology.
Even into the gunpowder age swords were very important. In a previous video he points out that the only reason officers stopped wearing them in WW2 was because of the sniper threat, and enlisted soldiers had bayonets.
@@wilfdarr Their primary weapons were guns, though. As firearms improved blades increasingly became backup weapons. Even in the 17th century, guns dominated the battlefield, on land and at sea. At sea, you'd only even get the chance to use a sword if there was a boarding action, whereas a musket could be used when ships were alongside eachother as well. The point I'm making is that for most pirates, whatever blade they carried would not have been as important as their gun or guns, and it's a pretty big assumption that most would have had swords. Many might well have preferred something smaller and lighter- e.g. a dagger, knife or bayonet. The memoir I referenced (written by a former pirate crew member) repeatedly stresses that the Buccaneers' greatest asset was their marksmanship. They were recruited from the ranks of itinerant hunters who were already proficient with firearms, and developed battle tactics that allowed them to attack ships defended by cannons by rowing in fast and shooting at the gun crews. This was a particular group of pirates during the mid-seventeenth century, and obviously might not have been representative of other times and places. But it does still show that the reality of combat in the age of sail was not necessarily much like its movie depictions, and that ranged use of firearms was a much more important variable than people sometimes imagine.
@@chrisball3778 Fair points.
@@chrisball3778 It's also worth remembering that, as in the Morgan example above, Caribbean pirates didn't just attack ships, they also raided shore establishments, even fortified towns- and there of course gunpowder weapons (and even bayonets) really came to the fore.
Hey wait I think I recognize that walloon back sword. I kinda hate I sold it.
I have an ancestor who took to piracy after Cromwell took over. He was a loyalist who had to flee England/Wales until the stuart line was restored. We ended up here in America anyway though after the loss at Culloden. His descendent would go on to be one of the 1st to volunteer to fight w/ Washington in the revolution. We lost all of our titles & lands in the UK but we gained new lands here. My family still live on the land gifted to us by Washington to this day. Though I am afraid that we may have to fight for our freedom once again but this time we will be coming to help you guys afterwards. We will need you guys help to break free of the forces that have captured our Govts. I hope you all still have the British stiff upper lip b/c the time draws near.
One thought occurs to me - how much training would the average sailor of that period have in swordsmanship, and how might that affect their choice of weapon?
That would depend if they had served or not, and with who. English had a regimented training program. If not trained a machete is a fine weapon for “windmilling”.
I find your posts are more informative than the History Channel's programs. Probably because your reaseach is thorough and spot on.
Just a correction. the first syllable in 'Qing' is pronounced 'ch' as in 'chin'.
Thanks. Technically I know that, but my brain doesn't normally change it quick enough when I'm deep in monologue!
Yep, that is definitely the nearest pronunciation in English. Just wanted to add that the reason we use both 'ch' and 'q' in piniyin is that they are slightly different. Basically, 'ch' is pronounced further back than English 'ch' and 'q' is pronounced further forward.
@@rasmusn.e.m1064 If I remember correctly, the 'ch' you speak of is closer to the English 'j' although I know it's not quite right my ear isn't good enough to tell the differences. Even harder is the 'X' in 'xiao'
@@scholagladiatoria it's understandable. Thanks for the years of great content and expertise!
@@catocall7323 Yeah, that's a good description. 'Ch' is basically an English 'j' that isn't voiced. Like the difference between 's' and 'z'. (wikipedia states that 'ch' is pronounced even further back than that, but I bet it varies between users.)
I can see one reason for simple crossguards or D-guards. If you're on a ship in bad weather and in cramped space, falling against the wall would suck with any protruding guard... Plus, these guards would be less likely to get entangled in nets, cables, or plants.
and it doesn't matter what hand you use them in.
Well the only difference between an emperor and a pirate is the number of ships...
The portrait of Christopher Myng was immaterial, because portraits at the time were mass produced and painted in the same way as thel seaside cartoon thing that you put your head through to be photographed!
Anyone liking Pirates needs to read The Pyrates, and Captains in Calico by George MacDonald Fraser!
I remember you promised us more Black Sails fight reviews, did you lie to us?! Seriously though, copyright issues or something? Just been busy?
I think he's avoiding them because of his issues with the Endgame video.
@@hazzardalsohazzard2624 Ah yea I vaguely recall that, very sad. Would be excellent with a review of the final series of fights Flint has. "Spoilers"- I would like to hear what Matt has to say about Flint vs. Hands, it feels like they made Hands lose so fast because he was less skilled than Flint, relying more on raw aggression. But I want to hear if Matt thinks that played out realistically or did Flint just get "magical moves" to make him look more skilled.
Have you seen Cutthroat Island? Frankabout it? Langela's Captain Dog carries a rather unique sword. It has a sabre length blade that has shark like points instead of a regular blade, blus a clam shell hilt. Is It real, and can you find more about it?
"Teach" has turned out to be a mistake in copying, which wound up published in "A General History of the Pyrates," which was the seminal reference book for piracy and so popularized the error. According to modern scholarly research, the man's name appears to have been Edward Thatch.
set himself on fire for fun with a name like that.
A copying error, or simply modern notions of pronunciation combined with the highly-flexible spelling norms of the day. In his lifetime, "Teach" would have been pronounced "Tetch" not "Teech."
@@solicitr666 very true. This was before there was a board of people at some English college who got paid to sit around all day and "standardise" the language. Everything was phonetic.
Read up on 'The Sea Rovers Practice' by Benerson Little. He's an excellent historian, as well as being a fencer and practicing experimental history like yourself. His blog also features some great period sketches and woodcuts.
Pirates and privateers weren't professional soldiers, they were colonists living on the frontier. After 1690, they were brigands scraping to survive. In both cases, they're going to use whatever is to hand. For most, that is not going to be a sword. No sailor went to sea without a knife. Ships would also carry axes for boarding and for cutting away damage and heavy mallets for repairs. Some crews even carried short pikes for boarding. Those living rough in the wild (the early Buccaneers, and the pirates of Nassau) would have had early machetes or hunting swords as a utility blade.
On the whole however, this is like asking what kind of swords the Jamestowne settlers would have used - they certainly used swords, but the majority of people didn't even carry one, if they could even afford buy one at all.
In relation to your video, I give tours of the Historic “Sandfloor” Synagogue in St. Thomas. To your viewers, some interesting points.
1) The Hebrew Congregation of St. Thomas formed in 1794 bought the property in 1812 for 1,236 PIECES OF EIGHT, a world currency then, even in the US.
2) We instituted a bylaw to appease the Danish king that disallowed “swords, daggers or clubs.” in the premises. They were kept in the Vestry (a separate building) and locked by a Warden, which was the title that my job would have back then. This was before firearms were sold that could be carried by the average person
3) AND, yes there were Jewish Pirates, mostly useful not to pull lines but for their ability to find locations using the astrolabe, charting these location and language interpretation. Thanks again.
I listened to this while doing some cleaning, but I had my phone in my pocket, so now that I have the chance, I'm going back through to see the pictures and stuff. I quite like this as a format Matt. Even if you don't have a super specific topic, it would be neat to see more videos like this. If you wanted to, I have an Idea. Compile together a ton of old art. Even if it isn't from manuscripts or even if it was made some time in the 19th or 20th, it would be fun to just look at some interesting art and have you talk about it. If you didn't have any particularly depthy insights on a particular piece, thats fine. You could do this on streams, so we could comment and SuperChat. It could be a fun thing to do every so often. Just look at some art and chat.
I like the woodcut of the Barbary Barbarossa brothers. Clearly showing a wide short single edged chopper with a well clipped point.
3 things come to mind:
1.) I distinctly remember reading that Henry Morgan owned a "basket hilt" sword while he was governor of Nassau. Whether it was what we now think of as a basket hilt or was a dussack/dussage/tessak with a "Sinclair" hilt, not sure.
2.) In 1995 they actually found the wreckage of Queen Anne's Revenge off the coast of North Carolina. They've managed to find some competent archeologists who happen to be strong swimmers and have been excavating the wreckage. A heavily gilt cuttoe/hunting sword's partial hilt with a stag grip and recurved quillons was found. It resembles the style of Washington's (which you mentioned) "war sword" in Mount Vernon only much less modest. It's very possible that was Edward Teach's (and it's actually pronounced "teck"-very Olde English). The pommel is sort of a round cap, again, just like Washington's. I'd post links but Google would just flag this as spam and delete it because UA-cam is terrible now.
3.) I know this was very much the case in Spanish America with soldiers but out in the field or at sea, people were cut off from any sort of real armourer or market. Blacksmiths cobbled clapped-out and broken swords back together just to get them functional with little regard to aesthetics. You see "theater made" weapons, too, all through both World Wars that were cobbled together in trenches. In light of that, I have a feeling some of these fantastical pig-stickers with disparate or out-of-place fittings we see in engravings maybe aren't so far-fetched. Maybe it was a fast `n dirty fix by a blacksmith, something cobbled together out of necessity one night or someone's idea of a customized weapon.
One thing to add, the multiple pistols on the belt is something that was done by many people for example in my country Greece revolutionaries would carry 2-3 or 4 pistols with a "normal" gun if I had to guess why I would say it is a statue symbol and extra firepower in the start of a battle and there wasn't a central government that tried to minimize cost allowing them to do as they please.
A brace of pistols was probably quite common. Apparently Captain Kolokotronis was a sea pirate for a little while when he was evading Ottoman authorities.
I'm glad you mentioned the Falchion..... Though not a sword we would associate with a historical 17thc or 18thc Pirate, it is clear that commonly in video games or even children's toys, the swords they often call a cutlass is clearly a D guard Falchion
This same discussion can be applied to the guns carried in the American West in the later 1800's. The stereotypical cowboy or gunfighter carried a Colt 1873 Army revolver. It actuality, there was a wide range of handgun makes and models, and usually one carried what was available. There was a transition from cap and ball revolvers to cartridge revolvers. There is an erroneous idea that when cartridges came out, cap and ball guns just magically evaporated.
When I was growing up in upstate New York, we had a neighbor, an older man who had moved from New York City. This was in the late 70's, by the way. He had not been able to legally own a handgun in NYC. Statewide, a permit was required to own a handgun. For whatever reason, he never got a permit, but through a loophole, was able to own a black powder weapon, so he had a cap and ball revolver. My apologies for going off topic, but the parallel was irresistible.
Great video! Thank you!
I've always liked the equipment set of [RAID SHADOW] this period, that shows the different [LEGENDS - ONLINE GAME] priorities and limitations pirates were operating [GOTTA COLLECT THEM ALL!] under.
Great video. I enjoyed it. Thabks for taking the time with this, I enjoy pirate history. I'm glad you brought out my favorite sword out of your collection again. The hanger/cutlass with the cat claw tip. What I wouldn't do to get that sword in my own collection. Haha
I run a pirate show for a hotel on the beach. We primarily use the Hanwei mortuary swords as our go-to stage weapons because they hold up to abuse fairly well, they're economical, and they have the added hand protection in case any mishaps occurs in the choreography.
Our general look is a blend of historicl and Hollywood (not wanting to be too highbrow or too silly or hokey) i thought the choice of stage weapons was taking more creative leeway than what was expected. Though I have yet to have a hotel guest tell me my sword wasn't piratey enough. Thanks for posting this video!
Of course, there was a lot of trade in weapons among pirates, either in sharing out from prizes, or through gambling; so individuals would try to get the best swords they could...
i really think people forget that outside of combat they needed certain cutting tools, and so if their weapon can also fit that function then that would help make things easier for them since they most likely used that cutting tool more than they were in combat. it would be like talking about lumberjacks using axes without mentioning that they used axes regularly out of combat. hatchets and chopping short swords are pretty normal for boating, since you need to be able to cut lines when things go wrong in certain operations.