Dark Energy, Supernovae and the Ultimate Fate of the Universe

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The discovery of Dark Energy in 1998 by two teams helped us learn what will happen at the end of the Universe. It was the work of the Supernova Cosmology Project and High-Z Supernova Search Team whose competing studies of the deceleration parameter using Type Ia supernova gave us a glimpse of the ultimate fate of the universe. Their discovery of Dark Energy, the cosmic negative pressure that’s pushing the universe apart was confirmed by NASA’s WMAP and ESA’s Planck Microwave Satellites. The data is now completely in, and the results and implications are astonishing. Dark energy may, in fact, be Phantom Energy, which will cause a Big Rip as the universe accelerates exponentially in its expansion. There could also be a grand heat death of the cosmos where it just gets larger and darker and colder for all time.
Supplement the videos with OpenStax Astronomy
openstax.org/books/astronomy/...
29: The Big Bang
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deceler...
Deceleration parameter
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_Ia...
Type Ia supernova
www-supernova.lbl.gov
Supernova Cosmology Project
www.cfa.harvard.edu/supernova...
High-Z Supernova Search Team
www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Spa...
Planck Microwave Satellite
science.nasa.gov/astrophysics...
Dark Energy
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_en...
Dark Energy
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom...
Phantom Energy
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimat...
Ultimate fate of the universe
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_de...
Heat death of the universe
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Rip
The Big Rip
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphic...
Graphical timeline from Big Bang to Heat Death
arxiv.org/pdf/1807.06209.pdf
Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equatio...)
Equation of state (cosmology)
0:00 Introduction
0:36 General Relativity and the Cosmos
1:24 The Fate of the Universe depends on its contents.
4:08 Matter-Dominated Toy Universes
4:44 How the Scale Factor varies with Time
5:19 Redshift Measures the Change in Size
7:18 Approximating the Change of the Scale Factor
11:02 Deceleration Parameter Defined
14:04 Acceleration Equation for the Cosmic Expansion
21:40 What is the matter density of the Universe?
25:08 1990's Cosmology: Expansion Forever?
26:22 So how does one actually measure the Deceleration?
30:57 Doing the Great Deed With Standard Candles
36:07 All type la Supernovae are the Same(ish)
39:15 Extragalactic Distance Modulus using Redshift
41:04 Distant Type la Supernovae
44:07 What about a Cosmological Constant Ag?
48:36 Find their home galaxy's redshift
49:52 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics
52:06 What is Dark Energy?
54:27 The Accelerating Universe
56:28 The Future of the Universe
57:21 End of Star Formation
58:27 End of Life Support
58:59 Solar System "Evaporation"

[@Mrbfgray]

My new fave for this topic category. Clear, properly quick, concise and very interesting.

[@joannadrozdz3848]

Thank you, for making such a great presentation. I really like your programs and the way you explain even difficult things in a way that's understandable and very interesting for everyone 👍

[@ephelduath610]

Shame so few subscribers. Very cool channel, thank you very much sir.

[@mark2073]

These videos are great, exactly what I'm looking for. Just the right amount of math

[@JasonKendallAstronomer]

Great to hear!

[@michaelogden5958]

Can "nothing" expand?

[@christopherreed2694]

👋 hello I'm dumb 🤪 🙃 as a 🪨 rock but why dose math say plug 🔌 in I know a little about electronics Im just curious??