Revelation 3:20 Behold, I stand at the door, and knock: if any man hear my voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, and will sup with him, and he with me. HEY THERE 🤗 JESUS IS CALLING YOU TODAY. Turn away from your sins, confess, forsake them and live the victorious life. God bless. Revelation 22:12-14 And, behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be. I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into the city.
@@JesusPlsSaveMe Did not expect to see actual sins that could on its own land you into hell posted by someone posing as religious in the reply section of a comment section of a hypothetical where we put our entire ocean on mars for funsies edit: Worth noting, yes i am aware this statement lands me into hell too.
The hardest thing about choosing where on a map your castle should be is getting all the material lavaproof, because if it isn't in a volcano why even bother
0:24 It must have been amazing (or annoying?) to have gone to all the trouble producing this video with the phrase "Almost all the water on Mars is frozen" only to have scientists announce that an underground reservoir of liquid water has been found on mars the day before you release it. It's always wonderful when science updates in real time.
@@propulsidereal From what the study says, there might be quite a lot of liquid water in the mid crust. "A mid-crust composed of fractured igneous rocks saturated with liquid water"
@@bbbnuy3945 Yes, the media are widely reporting this as "A reservoir", so I took their description (specifically I got it from the BBC). Going as close as I could to the source, your description is more accurate. Also I note that the BBC says 'reservoir' which makes one think of a single body of water where it is more likely there would be a large number of these cracks. I guess this is in the grey area between science and media reporting of science. I'm just glad I didn't say "Ocean"...
@@Firebringer121 The hardest part of that movie to believe wouldn't be the water magically getting transported to Earth, it would be that Watney willingly decided to go back. Or maybe he fell in the trench or something. Still, yeah, I'd totally watch that.
Matt Damon was not expecting to find himself in The Day After Tomorrow: Mars Edition. It's a race against time and the unexpected flood as he grabs his potatoes and any other supplies he can before he books it to higher ground.
@@gloweye Where are you going after you die? What happens next? Have you ever thought about that? Repent today and give your life to Jesus Christ to obtain eternal salvation. Tomorrow may be too late my brethen😢. Hebrews 9:27 says "And as it is appointed unto man once to die, but after that the judgement
@@JesusPlsSaveMe thanks but I made my choice and it wasn't Jesus. Guess we will see if I lose Pascal's Wager after I die! I'll try to get back and let you know
There are options for getting a comparable amount of water to Mars that are only semi-ridiculous (involving convincing large ice objects in the outer solar system to lose enough velocity that they fall inward and whack into Mars).
It's simple, we just need a really long hosepipe, and someone on Mars to siphon the water out the other end I think they'd be sucking for a while though
One of the best questions my mom has ever gotten as a 1st grade teacher is this: "If an earthquake, a volcano, and a tsunami all happened at the same time, _would a bat survive?"_
Assuming the bat is awake (or awakened by the event) and not sleeping over the volcano and a reasonable distance from the volcano, I think yes. Neither an earthquake nor a tsunami would present a lot of threat to a bat assuming the bat's cave doesn't collapse before the bat could exit it. Bats can fly up to 10 000 feet and no regular tsunami (and few mega-tsunamis) will reach that height. The biggest danger is probably the volcano as ash can fly out at 200 mph while bats can only reach speeds up to 100mph so that's why the bat needs a head start by being some distance away from the volcano.
I've heard these stories so often (endless replays of the audio books to get my kids to sleep) that they have just about passed into personal folklore, but I really enjoy seeing the updated animation and Randall, it turns out, is a truly excellent narrator for this stuff!
2:22 I remember seeing the MAP OF ONLINE COMMUNITIES when it came out. How many of those islands have sunk, others came and went. Terraforming at an incredible speed.
When he realized what was about to happen he'd produce a new pile of fertilizer+microbes. In the shape of a brick. As far as the perchlorates, they would be diluted pretty heavily by all of the ocean water.
1:54 _The water flows downhill to the north_ If you can hear lots of popping sounds right now, that's the Flat Earthers' heads exploding way off in the distance! 😂
@@ABetterName22 I was referring to the fact that here on Earth, flattards think north is up and south is down. The often cite rivers here on Earth that flow northward as evidence it's not a globe.
i really like the maps you made of Mars with water. I might steal some of the updated version at 3:05 (and of course I'd use a name like the Labyrinth of Night) for a fantasy world map...
_"There's only one way to find out"_ No, there is another way - drain all of *Europa's* water on to Mars. That also brings things much closer so we don't have to go all the way to Jupiter to find out what's happening under Europa's ice.
Or, Take the dune approach and mine all the water from under the surface and put it on the top.Scientists have supposedly just discovered massive amounts of water under Mars's surface.
Your suggestion at least makes energetic sense… I don’t know where the energy would come from to move water “up” Sol’s gravity well from Earth to Mars, but moving it “down” from Europa to Mars could work, although it would heat the water up substantially.
i cant believe they didn't end the video with the same joke they did in the book, where it shows an image of earth and mars next to each other and both have the flag of the netherlands flying on top
I suspect in-time, since there's no magnetosphere to speak-of, the water would create a cometary-like tail as well as the Sun blasts it off slowly, perhaps making a tiny unstable ring system.
I wonder if adding that much mass to the surface of Mars might be enough to trigger geologic shifts violent enough to slowly remelt the core and get a magnetosphere up and running. That's a lot of pressure, surely things would be moving around quite a bit, and while not nearly as dramatic as the tides are on Earth, Mars does have moons, and now with an ocean and presumably fractured crust, those moons would have something new to tug on, which would help with tidal forces contributing heat through friction to further heat the core. Maybe I'll ask our AI overlords to crunch the numbers on that. Hmmm. Edit: Apparently not enough to matter, though the conversation I had does suggest that Mars could be 100% terraformed within 10,000 years if enough effort were put into it.
Doesn't happen with Europa or enceladus (Ice moons of Jupiter and Saturn, respectively). I think you get the ice tail with comets due to their essentially inconsiquential amount of gravitational pull.
Yeah... Pretty sure the gravitational pull of a planet like Mars means that can't really happen. I mean, even if the atmosphere is incredibly thin, it still has enough of a pull that it has one. A comet doesn't, which is why it sheds material. It's too light to hold itself together.
3:45 aren't we dumping water above the vaporisation temperature - wouldn't the surface boil a huge amount of it away (the fraction calculable as the amount needed to vaporise to get the temperature of the remaining down to about 0c)?
The part that boils away forms an atmosphere that pressurizes things to avoid more evaporation, so that all this happens slower, and the heat is gradually conducted away into the cold rock.
Really think the water vapor plus its ability to hold on to heat would set off atmospheric weather phenomena that might just keep going in unpredictable directions
Yeah. I think at some point all that water will stop freezing solid and sublimating. I genuinely think the water being dumped and thus the quantity of gas would increase the pressure on mars.
both polar ice caps full of dry ice would get sublimated. Mars atmospheric pressure would shoot up and be almost 100% carbon dioxide. I'm pretty sure it'd settle back down eventually and we'd just get a big iceball. But i think youd get _okay_ conditions for a significant period of time in the equatorial regions. Liquid water and some amount of atmospheric pressure.
@@PeterLGଈ true but that is a very slow process, like on the order of millions of years. definitely wouldn't want to stand outside on Mars without some sunscreen tho lol
@@nothda2211Although the solar winds splitting water vapor and CO2 could lead to the creation of other greenhouse gasses like methane. Causing more heating, particularly in the equater. It is fun to pounder what the weather on Mars would be like after a major hydronation event. I wonder if all the energy from dumping the water could be enough to restart the core of Mars and plate tectonics.
I'm eager to try this to see if we can terraform Mars. There are some potential drawbacks. 1) Earth would become a hot desert without the ocean and all life would die. 2) We don't have teleportation technology. To counter these, I propose 1) use ice from the asteroids, comets, and Jovian and Saturnian moons. 2) Simply ship the ice by rocket technology to Mars. We're still lacking the technology to move gigatons of ice to Mars, but that's a solvable problem.
The first part of "Drain the Oceans" had already been animated, so pretty much everyone was expecting the "sequel" to be done not long after. The exact timing was probably coincidence, though. :)
Spirit gives a similarly spirited reply. Sadly, Perseverance doesn't persevere, the cataclysm kills Curiosity, while the Phoenix rises again (as a floating block of ice). Meanwhile, the Mars Polar Lander is laughing: "Ha ha ha sucks to be you guys! I'm at the highest point! I win! Hahahaha ... oh wait ... me too? Dang ... (gurgle gurgle)"
Apparently based on seismic measuring there's enough water under mars crust that it could cover the entire planet with ocean 1km deep. Problem is that it's 10+ km underground.
@@elementgermanium TIL there are marine Tardigrades.... Like, I knew they CAN survive in water, I just didn't think any lived in the water, nevermind the ocean! 🤯😊
I love the little side tangents that we only get from the audio version, like in the Rhode Island video about the airport bathrooms or here when you talk about how much you love maps.
I can never decide whether the science or the sound effects in these videos are better. They're both so fantastic and create a perfect educational experience
I'm a big fan of this style video. Simple narration, sound effects done in the mic instead of adding silly kabooms, hand drawn visuals, pleasing background music, silly premise that's fun to think about. etc etc, I feel like I could just keep going. Great video my man, keep it up
As the ice sublimates - since there is so much of it, would the atmosphere get thicker, thus moving away from the triple-point? It seems that this would be a complex system that might not even have an equilibrium. I am way to lazy to even start to work out the math...
One question not answered is just how much brighter would an ice-covered Mars appear to us on Earth? I mean, this would substantially change the albedo, and it would have to make it much brighter, but by how much?
Excellent question. Because we're always on the sunward side of Mars, we'd also have an interesting variation of that brightness based on whether we're on the same side or near- opposite side of the Sun as Mars.
A quick check shows that Mars' current albedo is a very low 0.17, while that of ice-covered Enceladus is 0.99. Presumably, at first, Mars would have a slightly lower albedo than Enceladus (say around 0.90?) due to the rocks floating upward as mentioned in the video, but that's still a very substantial difference. Mars' visual magnitude varies from -2.94 at closest to +1.86 at furthest, but I have no idea on how to adjust those for the changed albedo in this scenario.
@@thomasrinschler6783 someone should boot up universe sandbox and change mars' albedo to 0.90 or something, i think that'd actually give a decently accurate view of what it might look like
I very much appreciate the acknowledgement at the end that we don't really know what would happen. I think scientists, far too often, talk to the public as if we know more than we really do about topics. IE, saying things like "Pluto can't have an atmosphere", only to find out later that it does.
Fascinating. Follow up question. With all this extra water, and mass, what happens to Mars's orbit, and Earths for that matter? Would Mars slow down and drift towards the sun, and Earth do the opposite?
The portals are stationary with respect to each planet’s surface, so I can’t imagine the planets’ velocity being appreciably affected. The water’s applying force to the surface of Mars, but the direction of that force changes as Mars turns on its axis.
You get into the part of the problem where you have to stop and ask wtf you're actually doing. You're magically transporting water from one planetary body to another. If you're transporting the water in such a way as Randall basically shows it, you'd have to alter the water's gravitational potential relative to the sun in some way. The actual change in mass on Earth is irrelevant - Earth's orbit stays the same around the sun (the moon - earth relationship changes more). Similarly mars' orbit doesn't change either (similar thing with its satellites). If you didn't alter the water's gravitational energy in some way, it wouldn't stay on Mars.
Yes, the changes in mass would mean changes in Earth and Mars's orbits. However, the changes would be pretty small, as noted above. But then, even small changes to the length of the year might be enough to necessitate updates to the Gregorian calendar.
@@DanielBerke orbital period is a function of the central orbiting body's mass. It has some effect on Earth and Mars' satellites (though not much) as Earth would be lighter and Mars would be heavier. It would technically effect earth and mars' orbits around the sun, but the change in masses compared to the mass of solar system is absurdly different orders of magnitude
@@IanDunbar1 it depends on the size of the star, but even the smallest stars, brown dwarfs, still have masses >70x that of Jupiter. If it were any smaller, it would cease to be a star and just be a big version of Jupiter. If it were close to the size of the sun or larger, it would cause a lot of problems for us as it would disrupt the orbit of Earth. Even a tiny (relatively) brown dwarf might still be able to disrupt the Asteroid Belt and send rocks flying at us.
I vote we take 10 meters of water from the top of all oceans and teleport it to Mars, we'll get a little bit of free land and Mars gets a little bit of water
@@operatorchakkoty4257 Yeah, but that's fine really, it will adapt, new ecosystems will arise, like what has happened thousands of times before. It's not going to really ruin much probably, maybe some people will be angy for not having a beach house anymore but living a couple miles away, but i think that's a worthy sacrifice
Probably missing the forest for the trees here. Commerce is the least of our worries. The bigger issue is that we'll all starve to death when it stops raining, if we haven't frozen to death due to the drastically lower greenhouse effect combined with much higher average albedo.
@@SoWhat1221 Hah, it's like the "What If we extinguished the Sun?" one. After a while article on interesting and positive things, it ends "Are there any downsides? We would all freeze and starve to death." Lmao
@ericsmith6394 I like this plan, we'll slow down global warming and speed up mass extinction at the same time. Maybe we fill Europa with ice cream to make a cosmic bon-bon
From a guy who works on piloting Mars rovers and chasing water: pretty good !! There are dozen of cool papers about catastrophic floods and other epic events
The bit about how you'd spend hours on a fantasy novel map trying to find a suitable spot for your castle resonates in me in such a good way! I did an air fist pump as you said that!
Randall's vocal "special effects" are exactly what the print edition was missing.
I was thinking the same !
Revelation 3:20
Behold, I stand at the door, and knock: if any man hear my voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, and will sup with him, and he with me.
HEY THERE 🤗 JESUS IS CALLING YOU TODAY. Turn away from your sins, confess, forsake them and live the victorious life. God bless.
Revelation 22:12-14
And, behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be.
I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last.
Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into the city.
@@JesusPlsSaveMe Did not expect to see actual sins that could on its own land you into hell posted by someone posing as religious in the reply section of a comment section of a hypothetical where we put our entire ocean on mars for funsies
edit: Worth noting, yes i am aware this statement lands me into hell too.
@@altoclefsukulele4325 Hell is where the parties happen. Besides, there are probably like, 3 people in heaven, tops.
The SFX are by Know Art, he does some cool stuff on YT too!
"There's only one way to find out" in such a casual tone of voice is a truly terrifying way to end a What If? video
"What if we tried *more* power? There's only one way to find out..."
Vsauce: We can't dump our oceans over Mars.
Or can we?
This has some let's game it out energy
@@fluffyvixen4219 to more important questions, is that fem Foxy on your avatar?
@@lomek4559 priorities.
The hardest thing about choosing where on a map your castle should be is getting all the material lavaproof, because if it isn't in a volcano why even bother
Plus you could use it as a moat without having to spend a lot of money on heating rocks
Obsidian and nether brick, duh
Pro: Plentiful geothermal power.
Con: Thermodynamics.
Are you Bowser?
It’s a shame then that Mars’s currently has no volcanic activity.
0:24 It must have been amazing (or annoying?) to have gone to all the trouble producing this video with the phrase "Almost all the water on Mars is frozen" only to have scientists announce that an underground reservoir of liquid water has been found on mars the day before you release it. It's always wonderful when science updates in real time.
As far as I know, those videos are made from online posts (or a book) that is pretty old.
Almost all the water is still frozen though lol. That reservoir doesn’t change that.
liquid water has not been found in a reservoir, but more likely water in small cracks between subsurface rocks.
@@propulsidereal From what the study says, there might be quite a lot of liquid water in the mid crust. "A mid-crust composed of fractured igneous rocks saturated with liquid water"
@@bbbnuy3945 Yes, the media are widely reporting this as "A reservoir", so I took their description (specifically I got it from the BBC). Going as close as I could to the source, your description is more accurate. Also I note that the BBC says 'reservoir' which makes one think of a single body of water where it is more likely there would be a large number of these cracks. I guess this is in the grey area between science and media reporting of science. I'm just glad I didn't say "Ocean"...
@2:19 I would absolutely watch a wacky 'The Martian 2' with Matt Damon trying to survive this scenario.
Dr. Mann! Do not open the air hatch!
Lol
@@Firebringer121 The hardest part of that movie to believe wouldn't be the water magically getting transported to Earth, it would be that Watney willingly decided to go back.
Or maybe he fell in the trench or something.
Still, yeah, I'd totally watch that.
Directed by Roland Emmerich
The long awaited sequel to Waterworld: Watermars.
Wait thats me at 0:02, i did it mom!
Lol
yay
Congratulations!!
Good for you, bud. It’s a terrific opportunity.
I cannot find it
i love the mouth sfx, especially the water draining. it’s so funny.
Puuuushhhhhh
...
bloob ... blooomb
Puuuuushhhh
To everyone in this chat, Jesus is calling you today. Come to him, repent from your sins, bear his cross and live the victorious life
Reminding me a lot of Homestar Runner (which did the same thing).
hey you look familiar
@@JesusPlsSaveMe lol, stop telling people what religion they should believe in
Matt Damon was not expecting to find himself in The Day After Tomorrow: Mars Edition. It's a race against time and the unexpected flood as he grabs his potatoes and any other supplies he can before he books it to higher ground.
It’s over anakin, Matt has the higher ground
Finally, it's time for the New Netherlands.
@@TinyDeskEngineer I'm so sad that was skipped for the video version
Newtherlands.
They gone. :(
@@gloweye Where are you going after you die?
What happens next? Have you ever thought about that?
Repent today and give your life to Jesus Christ to obtain eternal salvation. Tomorrow may be too late my brethen😢.
Hebrews 9:27 says "And as it is appointed unto man once to die, but after that the judgement
@@JesusPlsSaveMe thanks but I made my choice and it wasn't Jesus. Guess we will see if I lose Pascal's Wager after I die! I'll try to get back and let you know
Incredible timing, to release this video just when there is news that liquid water was detected underground on Mars.
Maybe you'll win an award with those crinkly coast lines. Slartibartfast wouldn't mind.
HITCHHIKER'S GUIDE MENTIONED???????? 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥✅✅✅✅✅✅✅☝️☝️☝️🙏🙏🙏🎵🎵
We need to design New Norway.
but will it have fjords?
i luv ur pfp😢 take back your land from the Russian heathens. The west is on your side 🇺🇸🇺🇦🇬🇧🇩🇪🇫🇷
@@mycosys Of course. We're all pining for the fjords.
4:02 Looks like ice cream.
The "map of online communities" of 2010 is so fascinating to look at 14 years later
Methinks a follow-up paper is required for comparison.
Ooh or a timelapse. Lot more work though. Then again, maybe "AI" can help there.
@@cholten99 Facebook, Apple, and Google would be Oceania, Eurasia, and Eastasia
Yeah d2jsp being huge is a blast from the past as is sourceforge.
I have a physical copy of the earlier one, the one with MySpace dominant and a tiny Facebook.
I did not expect how greatly expanded this would be compared to the book version. Big kudos for not just lazily recycling material.
I love how he says, "There's only one way to find out" as if there was actually a way for us to teleport the majority of earth's water to mars
I thought of Styropyro.
I thought the one way to find out was to wait for the next video where he will go over all the details 😊
There are options for getting a comparable amount of water to Mars that are only semi-ridiculous (involving convincing large ice objects in the outer solar system to lose enough velocity that they fall inward and whack into Mars).
It's simple, we just need a really long hosepipe, and someone on Mars to siphon the water out the other end
I think they'd be sucking for a while though
There is, but obviously we keep the giant red button locked up
One of the best questions my mom has ever gotten as a 1st grade teacher is this: "If an earthquake, a volcano, and a tsunami all happened at the same time, _would a bat survive?"_
Assuming the bat is awake (or awakened by the event) and not sleeping over the volcano and a reasonable distance from the volcano, I think yes. Neither an earthquake nor a tsunami would present a lot of threat to a bat assuming the bat's cave doesn't collapse before the bat could exit it. Bats can fly up to 10 000 feet and no regular tsunami (and few mega-tsunamis) will reach that height.
The biggest danger is probably the volcano as ash can fly out at 200 mph while bats can only reach speeds up to 100mph so that's why the bat needs a head start by being some distance away from the volcano.
Yes.
The tsunami would put the volcano out and the earthquake will make sinkholes that will drain the water. It’s like elemental rock-paper-scissors
@@fireironthesecond2909Wouldn' the volcano fill the sink holes though? So it depends what mother nature through at the bat first
I quite like that this series operates to expand and update previous entries instead of being a mere regurgitation.
The 'what if' extended universe
They should still have put the Netherlands conquering Mars through the empty portal entrance (like at the end of the original entry).
I've heard these stories so often (endless replays of the audio books to get my kids to sleep) that they have just about passed into personal folklore, but I really enjoy seeing the updated animation and Randall, it turns out, is a truly excellent narrator for this stuff!
I'm liking this Portal sequel.
agreed, what should we portal where next?
@Acranify Your mom, to my place 😎
The moon?
@@Acranify I know Kurzgesagt tried portaling a bit of the Sun onto Earth (didn't go very well), so maybe we drain Jupiter's atmosphere onto Earth?
What if there was a portal between the moon and the usa?
2:22 I remember seeing the MAP OF ONLINE COMMUNITIES when it came out. How many of those islands have sunk, others came and went. Terraforming at an incredible speed.
Okay, the rovers would suffer serious water damage, but more importantly, what would happen to Matt Damon and his potatoes?
Salt water mixed with perchlorates from Mars soil so probably nothing good
@@zyebormbuilt-in salt flavoring for the potatoes though
I think we all have a pretty good intuition for what happens when someone suddenly finds themselves at the bottom of the ocean.
They would also suffer serious water damage.
When he realized what was about to happen he'd produce a new pile of fertilizer+microbes. In the shape of a brick.
As far as the perchlorates, they would be diluted pretty heavily by all of the ocean water.
Aw... I was waiting for the Netherlands to invade Mars. That was such a good gag!
This one added some extra ice-related stuff that wasn't in the original article, so that's cool! Glad to see you're adding extra info.
Am sad he cut out the part about it being the New Netherlands, though.
1:54 _The water flows downhill to the north_ If you can hear lots of popping sounds right now, that's the Flat Earthers' heads exploding way off in the distance! 😂
No because according to flat earth mars is round. It's only earth that's flat
@@ABetterName22 I was referring to the fact that here on Earth, flattards think north is up and south is down. The often cite rivers here on Earth that flow northward as evidence it's not a globe.
Poor Matt Damon. 🤣
The government keeps spending money to save him.
At least his spuds will get watered 😂
Pour Matt Damon (because he's suspended in fluid).
"I'm gonna have to science the shi..." blurb blurb blurb ....
He's called Mark Whatney! I'm so sad people remember the actor's name instead...
i really like the maps you made of Mars with water. I might steal some of the updated version at 3:05 (and of course I'd use a name like the Labyrinth of Night) for a fantasy world map...
Noctis Labyrinthus is my favorite Solar System feature name for its sheer evocativeness.
_"There's only one way to find out"_
No, there is another way - drain all of *Europa's* water on to Mars. That also brings things much closer so we don't have to go all the way to Jupiter to find out what's happening under Europa's ice.
Or, Take the dune approach and mine all the water from under the surface and put it on the top.Scientists have supposedly just discovered massive amounts of water under Mars's surface.
Your suggestion at least makes energetic sense… I don’t know where the energy would come from to move water “up” Sol’s gravity well from Earth to Mars, but moving it “down” from Europa to Mars could work, although it would heat the water up substantially.
All these worlds are yours, except Europa.
ATTEMPT NO LANDING THERE.
@@dougjb7848 They didn't say anything about lowering a hose with a nuclear heat-drill on the end of it to dig into and then slurp up Europa's ocean.
@@brettgoldsmith9971 Randall Al-Gaib!
I love the sound effects, they complement the drawing style so well
Ok, having "Matt Damon" on the map of mars was just
Those mars maps are great - I kinda want a label-free version of each to throw into a fantasy campaign and see if anyone notices.
2:17 randall has reached beyond the confines of Earth and decided to do a map projection for Mars
Time for a new Mars series of Bad Map Projections
Team America world police voice: Matt Damon.
i cant believe they didn't end the video with the same joke they did in the book, where it shows an image of earth and mars next to each other and both have the flag of the netherlands flying on top
I suspect in-time, since there's no magnetosphere to speak-of, the water would create a cometary-like tail as well as the Sun blasts it off slowly, perhaps making a tiny unstable ring system.
Wow, both likely and awesome (I mean for any humans briefly alive long enough to see it).
I wonder if adding that much mass to the surface of Mars might be enough to trigger geologic shifts violent enough to slowly remelt the core and get a magnetosphere up and running. That's a lot of pressure, surely things would be moving around quite a bit, and while not nearly as dramatic as the tides are on Earth, Mars does have moons, and now with an ocean and presumably fractured crust, those moons would have something new to tug on, which would help with tidal forces contributing heat through friction to further heat the core.
Maybe I'll ask our AI overlords to crunch the numbers on that. Hmmm.
Edit: Apparently not enough to matter, though the conversation I had does suggest that Mars could be 100% terraformed within 10,000 years if enough effort were put into it.
Doesn't happen with Europa or enceladus (Ice moons of Jupiter and Saturn, respectively). I think you get the ice tail with comets due to their essentially inconsiquential amount of gravitational pull.
Yeah... Pretty sure the gravitational pull of a planet like Mars means that can't really happen. I mean, even if the atmosphere is incredibly thin, it still has enough of a pull that it has one. A comet doesn't, which is why it sheds material. It's too light to hold itself together.
@@plzletmebefrank but the solar wind would still obliterate the water over time, right?
3:45 aren't we dumping water above the vaporisation temperature - wouldn't the surface boil a huge amount of it away (the fraction calculable as the amount needed to vaporise to get the temperature of the remaining down to about 0c)?
The part that boils away forms an atmosphere that pressurizes things to avoid more evaporation, so that all this happens slower, and the heat is gradually conducted away into the cold rock.
Really think the water vapor plus its ability to hold on to heat would set off atmospheric weather phenomena that might just keep going in unpredictable directions
Yeah. I think at some point all that water will stop freezing solid and sublimating. I genuinely think the water being dumped and thus the quantity of gas would increase the pressure on mars.
both polar ice caps full of dry ice would get sublimated. Mars atmospheric pressure would shoot up and be almost 100% carbon dioxide. I'm pretty sure it'd settle back down eventually and we'd just get a big iceball. But i think youd get _okay_ conditions for a significant period of time in the equatorial regions. Liquid water and some amount of atmospheric pressure.
Don't discount Mars' lack of magnetosphere and the solar wind blasting away at the atmosphere we're creating. The weather would be VERY chaotic 😮
@@PeterLGଈ true but that is a very slow process, like on the order of millions of years. definitely wouldn't want to stand outside on Mars without some sunscreen tho lol
@@nothda2211Although the solar winds splitting water vapor and CO2 could lead to the creation of other greenhouse gasses like methane.
Causing more heating, particularly in the equater.
It is fun to pounder what the weather on Mars would be like after a major hydronation event.
I wonder if all the energy from dumping the water could be enough to restart the core of Mars and plate tectonics.
I'm eager to try this to see if we can terraform Mars. There are some potential drawbacks. 1) Earth would become a hot desert without the ocean and all life would die. 2) We don't have teleportation technology. To counter these, I propose 1) use ice from the asteroids, comets, and Jovian and Saturnian moons. 2) Simply ship the ice by rocket technology to Mars. We're still lacking the technology to move gigatons of ice to Mars, but that's a solvable problem.
waters a greenhouse gas but it would take MILLIONS of years for any appreciable terraforming to happen.
@@nic-tv4090step 3: build a time machine
@@rubixtheslime 😆😆😆👍
Also we need to send Arnold to set off the reaction.
Asimov got there first.
my favorite "What If?" also releasing this on the heels of the news of liquid water on mars is kinda brilliant.
Right? What beautiful timing, universe.
But, but…what if Randall is finding out? Maybe he’s started already because he really liked that map!?
The first part of "Drain the Oceans" had already been animated, so pretty much everyone was expecting the "sequel" to be done not long after. The exact timing was probably coincidence, though. :)
“There’s only one way to find out.”
Hey Ferb I know what we’re going to do today
Us: what if we dumped all our oceans onto Mars?
Randall: pssshhhhhhhhhh
You posted this on the day news broke of NASA's discovery of liquid water beneath the surface of Mars. Excellent timing!
Opportunity takes the opportunity to let loose an expletive at 2:42
(Muffled) what the hell?!
Good eye!
It would be funny if it was unintentional.
Spirit gives a similarly spirited reply. Sadly, Perseverance doesn't persevere, the cataclysm kills Curiosity, while the Phoenix rises again (as a floating block of ice).
Meanwhile, the Mars Polar Lander is laughing: "Ha ha ha sucks to be you guys! I'm at the highest point! I win! Hahahaha ... oh wait ... me too? Dang ... (gurgle gurgle)"
@@jlilley73 Missed opportunity to say "Spirit spirited away".
Apparently based on seismic measuring there's enough water under mars crust that it could cover the entire planet with ocean 1km deep. Problem is that it's 10+ km underground.
What about sealife? Is there anything in the seawater that would survive for any meaningful length of time on mars?
Tardigrades probably would, it’s damn near impossible to kill those things
@@elementgermanium TIL there are marine Tardigrades....
Like, I knew they CAN survive in water, I just didn't think any lived in the water, nevermind the ocean! 🤯😊
@@DUKE_of_RAMBLE One of their names is “water bears” after all ;)
@@elementgermanium Granted, but I, for some reason attributed it to them being found in water *_droplets_* 😅🤷♂️
@@DUKE_of_RAMBLEwell yes, one doesn't just point a microscope at the ocean.
This is one of my favorite What If? articles on the xkcd site, so it was great to see this in video form along with the additional information.
Your love for all the crinkly coastlines reminds me of Slartibartfast and his love of fjords.
I love the little side tangents that we only get from the audio version, like in the Rhode Island video about the airport bathrooms or here when you talk about how much you love maps.
Your hardwork on the sound effects didnt go unseen. Excellent job, i hope you make all the sfx for every video you make.
Unless you meant unheard, that's a little creepy 😂
The audio effects are awesome. 10/10.
That’d be one heck of a interplanetary water slide I know that much
this does sound like something a sonic fan would comment on this video /pos
I can never decide whether the science or the sound effects in these videos are better. They're both so fantastic and create a perfect educational experience
The earth would die
The short Answer.
Yes
Woah
We already covered that
Who cares, it's for the science
I'm a big fan of this style video. Simple narration, sound effects done in the mic instead of adding silly kabooms, hand drawn visuals, pleasing background music, silly premise that's fun to think about. etc etc, I feel like I could just keep going. Great video my man, keep it up
1:18 Matt Damon landing site
I might've let out more than a chuckle the moment I saw that point.
I love the movie. That's my fav.
(he's fucked)
Absolutely amazing. I love when what ifs are a mixed of impossibility and possibly
Petition to have Randall's sound effects as a mod pack for Windows sounds.
Whoever did the rushing water sound effects deserves the Oscar for Best Sound Design.
Love the extra info that the blog missed, about how the water would behave on Mars. Thanks.
Man, all those little sound effects just make me smile for some reason.
As the ice sublimates - since there is so much of it, would the atmosphere get thicker, thus moving away from the triple-point? It seems that this would be a complex system that might not even have an equilibrium. I am way to lazy to even start to work out the math...
Gotta take into account the missing parts of Mars's atmosphere. I think the sun would have a great time.
I subbed to this channel when it had 2 videos and not a lot of subs, now it looks like the channel was a big success. Well done!
Well then, what are we waiting for?
Start filling those buckets!
No expense spared for the sound effects, I see. Worth every penny.
Boy, a lot of the worlds problems can be solved with magical portals. Turns out new problems can also be created with them.
“There’s only one way to find out”
*Causally opens a portal to mars*
I love how excited he sounded talking about maps
That was raw glee
"The potatoes!"
--Matt Damon
the irony of this video releasing right after enough liquid water to cover the entire surface of mars was discovered... on mars...
And this is the source of the ice on mars. It came from the time that XKCD dumped all that water in 2024. Soon we will see it happen again.
Simply majestic. Please continue making these videos~
One question not answered is just how much brighter would an ice-covered Mars appear to us on Earth? I mean, this would substantially change the albedo, and it would have to make it much brighter, but by how much?
Excellent question. Because we're always on the sunward side of Mars, we'd also have an interesting variation of that brightness based on whether we're on the same side or near- opposite side of the Sun as Mars.
A quick check shows that Mars' current albedo is a very low 0.17, while that of ice-covered Enceladus is 0.99. Presumably, at first, Mars would have a slightly lower albedo than Enceladus (say around 0.90?) due to the rocks floating upward as mentioned in the video, but that's still a very substantial difference. Mars' visual magnitude varies from -2.94 at closest to +1.86 at furthest, but I have no idea on how to adjust those for the changed albedo in this scenario.
@@thomasrinschler6783 someone should boot up universe sandbox and change mars' albedo to 0.90 or something, i think that'd actually give a decently accurate view of what it might look like
This is crazy and I love it
i literally searched this guy up like 5 minutes ago and thought to myself, "was a while ago he uploaded". well not anymore
For me it was last night "Hmmm did I miss a video that didn't show up for me because...'algorithm' ... even though it's a channel I subscribe to"
Same for me lol
All those ice and water and Matt Damon is still waiting to be rescued.
I very much appreciate the acknowledgement at the end that we don't really know what would happen. I think scientists, far too often, talk to the public as if we know more than we really do about topics. IE, saying things like "Pluto can't have an atmosphere", only to find out later that it does.
The little beeps the rovers make when they get washed away is *chef's kiss*
Fascinating. Follow up question. With all this extra water, and mass, what happens to Mars's orbit, and Earths for that matter? Would Mars slow down and drift towards the sun, and Earth do the opposite?
The portals are stationary with respect to each planet’s surface, so I can’t imagine the planets’ velocity being appreciably affected. The water’s applying force to the surface of Mars, but the direction of that force changes as Mars turns on its axis.
Water on earth only accounts for about 0.02% of it's total mass. So any differences in orbit would be pretty small
You get into the part of the problem where you have to stop and ask wtf you're actually doing.
You're magically transporting water from one planetary body to another.
If you're transporting the water in such a way as Randall basically shows it, you'd have to alter the water's gravitational potential relative to the sun in some way. The actual change in mass on Earth is irrelevant - Earth's orbit stays the same around the sun (the moon - earth relationship changes more). Similarly mars' orbit doesn't change either (similar thing with its satellites).
If you didn't alter the water's gravitational energy in some way, it wouldn't stay on Mars.
Yes, the changes in mass would mean changes in Earth and Mars's orbits. However, the changes would be pretty small, as noted above. But then, even small changes to the length of the year might be enough to necessitate updates to the Gregorian calendar.
@@DanielBerke orbital period is a function of the central orbiting body's mass. It has some effect on Earth and Mars' satellites (though not much) as Earth would be lighter and Mars would be heavier.
It would technically effect earth and mars' orbits around the sun, but the change in masses compared to the mass of solar system is absurdly different orders of magnitude
The whole time I was thinking "would the rapid deposit and eventual gas release create atmosphere" and you very briefly covered it at the end
hello can you please do a “what if earth enters a gas giant like saturn or jupiter”
It cannot, because of Roche limit
I want to know, "what if there were a *tiny* star where Jupiter is"
@@IanDunbar1then all these worlds would be yours, except Europa. Attempt no landings there.
@@nicejungle I hate that I understand what this comment means *because of Kirby*
@@IanDunbar1 it depends on the size of the star, but even the smallest stars, brown dwarfs, still have masses >70x that of Jupiter. If it were any smaller, it would cease to be a star and just be a big version of Jupiter. If it were close to the size of the sun or larger, it would cause a lot of problems for us as it would disrupt the orbit of Earth. Even a tiny (relatively) brown dwarf might still be able to disrupt the Asteroid Belt and send rocks flying at us.
I read this books years ago and it’s so dope to see it animated
I vote we take 10 meters of water from the top of all oceans and teleport it to Mars, we'll get a little bit of free land and Mars gets a little bit of water
And also destroy the many fragile ecosystems that rely on the coast being where it is. Coast and inland would change drastically.
@@operatorchakkoty4257 Yeah, but that's fine really, it will adapt, new ecosystems will arise, like what has happened thousands of times before. It's not going to really ruin much probably, maybe some people will be angy for not having a beach house anymore but living a couple miles away, but i think that's a worthy sacrifice
this guy answers every question i had as a kid
Meanwhile on earth, all of the sudden international commerce logistics has collapsed
Netherlands do well for themselves, of I recall the original question and video.
Perhaps, buy now the world is ready for Traction Cities!
Probably missing the forest for the trees here. Commerce is the least of our worries. The bigger issue is that we'll all starve to death when it stops raining, if we haven't frozen to death due to the drastically lower greenhouse effect combined with much higher average albedo.
@@SoWhat1221
Hah, it's like the "What If we extinguished the Sun?" one.
After a while article on interesting and positive things, it ends "Are there any downsides?
We would all freeze and starve to death." Lmao
Okay... I used to read your webcomic back in college... and I*just* found this channel... Subscribed.
0:47 wouldn’t it make more sense to use megapascals or kilopascals for this than atmospheres?
Love how theres a reference to the Martian at 2:18 .
(Matt Damon played the main character in the movie)
The sounds effects are so charming ✨🗣🎤🎙
I loved the books and didn’t know there was a UA-cam chanel: so happy to find this
Draining Europa onto Mars sounds much better for us.
Maybe we could drain some of the hotter Earth water to Mars then drain the cold Europa water to Earth?
@@ericsmith6394 you get an okay from me.
@ericsmith6394 I like this plan, we'll slow down global warming and speed up mass extinction at the same time. Maybe we fill Europa with ice cream to make a cosmic bon-bon
@@ericsmith6394now you're thinkin with portals
"There's only one way to find out." Alright, Sax Russell, calm down one minute.
Poor curiosity.
First class sound effects. I WANT MORE!
3:13 why is Canada on the left?
From a guy who works on piloting Mars rovers and chasing water: pretty good !!
There are dozen of cool papers about catastrophic floods and other epic events
As with most things on this channel, I imagine this ends with "And then we all brutally die"
Nahh, we all died when all the water got portalled away from Earth. this is what happens to Mars afterwards.
There's not enough dragons to fly us all to Mars, maybe we should just jump into the portal.
@@stevevernon1978 : And what happens afterwards is all the Mars rovers brutally die.
I laughed much too hard at Matt Damon being listed with the rovers. I suppose he did do the Sirius missions. XD
2:10 PSSSSHHHHHHHHH
Man, this takes me back to late '90s planet sims and trying to work out where to put the volcanoes to terraform Mars...
Why am I even watching this 😂😂😂 4:14
The bit about how you'd spend hours on a fantasy novel map trying to find a suitable spot for your castle resonates in me in such a good way! I did an air fist pump as you said that!
I love your sound effects, 10/10 as always!