Learning Geology - Volcanic rocks/Igneous extrusives
Вставка
- Опубліковано 23 лип 2024
- Want to know the basics in identifying the different varieties of volcanic rocks? If so, this video will help you understand the compositions of volcanic rocks, and more.
Volcanic rocks occur almost everywhere on the planet so it would be important for those who rock-hound, prospect, or for those who are interested with earth's geologic history, to be able to identify a volcanic rock. Volcanic rocks come in different varieties and compositions which can tell us what kind of volcano they may have come from and how explosive the eruptions may have been which can give us a glimpse of the geologic past. Volcanic and other igneous formations can provide important resources for us to use.
This is part of a series of videos that I am making where I teach geology. Make sure to check out earlier videos to stay up to date with the information. Watching the earlier videos will help you understand what will be mentioned within this video.
- The three rock types "out in the field"
• Geology: The Three Roc...
- The three rock types
• The 3 Rock Types
- Igneous intrusive rocks
• Learning Geology - Ign...
If you have any questions, please let me know in the comments.
I hope you enjoy the video
Some helpful resources to identify volcanic rocks/igneous rock
-Rock key
www.minsocam.org/msa/collector...
-Types of volcanic rock
www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resou...
-igneous rock identification chart
www.mineralogy4kids.org/rock-c...
Help Support the next Adventure.
Amazon Store ➜ www.amazon.com/shop/geoforge
PayPal ➜ paypal.me/TheGeoForge?locale....
#GeoForge #LearningGeology #VolcanicRocks
the more you learn, the more you need to learn. a rewarding pursuit, with endless fascination. 60 years old, and i still pick up at least a rock a day.
This made these rocks memorable
Thank you, this was very educating. I've been collecting rocks for a while now and always wanted to know more.
good video. explains the science perfectly
Another very informative video Wyatt, you have a great way for explaining geology for newbies like me. Thanks for the upload.
Thank you, glad you enjoyed it and found it informative.
You’re awesome mate. Looking forward to more vids. From NSW Australia
We enjoyed your video. We are trying to solve a geological mystery in our area and starting with the basics. 👍🏻
A geologic mystery you say, sounds like a fun mystery to solve.
Very intresting. These rocks look very nice in planted aquariums.
Thank you for taking the time to make such a wonderful video. It's definitely very helpful!
Thank you, glad it was helpful. I plan to make more in the future.
This is an awesome informative video!! I realize this is a little bit old but I have sub’d anyway :) thank you :)
Glad you enjoyed it and I appreciate your subscription, thank you.
A cute kid who is very knowledgeable and enjoyable to watch and learn from. Keep up the good work and may your life find much happiness in your pursuits..
Thank you very much! I wish you much happiness as well!
As a newbie, I've been having trouble understanding the difference between basalt and andesite. This really helps. Much appreciated!
P.S.: Your videos deserve many more views than the number shown.
The main difference is when looking at the composition, basalt and andesite will contain different minerals as well as some of the same minerals but in different percentages. The main difference is that basalt does not contain quartz. Basalt also tends to be darker in color then andesite. It can take a little time to identify and separate these rocks out by sight. Looking at images of the two and comparing them could help you identify them and see the difference between them. Hope this helps, and thank you. :)
@@GeoForge Thanks for your detailed answer. Much appreciated!
Your a good teacher. Great video!
Thank you
think you for your effort
Awesome
most specific and worth listening to!!subscribed,,,,ever seen dark green crystal looking veins throughout an extrusive fist sized rock?
Thank you and I have not seen dark crystal looking veins in extrusive rock but I have seen them in intrusive rock such as epidote minerals in granite/gneiss, and serpentinite.
GeoForge Thanks for the reply, i kept searching,,,Ultrabasic",,Periodite is the veins.(layers)I was wrong saying crystal,. I also found Red Obsinian same moraine. near Rockford,Ohio. update11/11/20, not veins,,,Layers of ? olivine, periodite,,12 layers in one section
Thanks sir
thanks
I have a really heavy for its size rock I need help identifying! Can you help? Its slightly smaller than a bowling ball. I've tried for years with nothing but "that's a really interesting rock! I'm not quite sure what it is." I had a friend try to drill into it with a cenent drill... The drill started smoking and shut down. I can see a metallic shine here and there. It also has a flat side. Its strange.
Anyways let me know if you can look at some pics or if you can point me in the right direction please! Im located in Southern Oregon. Thanks..
If you want, you can send pictures of the rock to my email or, you can find rock and mineral groups on Facebook that might be able to help you identify it. Another thing you can do is go to a local university have someone identify it there. You can find my email on my channel page in the about section under details.
Great video Wyatt. New subscriber here. Was that by chance Sunset Crater you were at?
No, I was at Lava Butte Cinder Cone in Oregon at Newberry National Volcanic Monument for part of the video.
GeoForge Oh! I thought you were in AZ for some reason. Thanks for the reply. I plan to visit sunset crater in AZ which is why I asked.
@@richardjnagle Looks like a cool place to go visit.
Great video!! By Any chance is this in, New Mexico?
Thank you. This was filmed in Washington and Oregon.
I live in scotland. There are ancient volcanoes here which i believe havnt been active for millions of years. Anyway i want to try flintnapping. I believe im looking for glassy black rock to try to make sharp tools from. Would it be a good idea to look around some of these ancient volcanoes for glassy rock? Would i be wasting my time?
That would be a good place to look for glassy obsidian rocks. Scotland has pitchstone which is basically obsidian but it has a higher water content. It looks like you can find some on the Isle of Arran or anywhere else you can find felsic extrusive rock like obsidian/pitchstone. So I would have a look around the old volcanoes where you live and see if you can find the pitchstone. The rocks you seek are there, you just have to find them. Best of luck to you. Let me know if it works out.
@@GeoForge excellent, i will let you know thank u
Set into the bank of a recently built logging road, I found odd rocks of various sizes. They consisted of a very hard gray round core with very tiny shiny bits in its cross-section. They also had a rock coating of a much softer less dense rock type of a medium brown color, which crumbles if hit with another rock. These rocks are very much like an egg in their construction, but they are definitely not eggs. Some of these rocks are singular in their placement within the sand of the bank, while others are pressed together like frog eggs. The smallest of these rocks was about 1 inch in diameter, while the larger rocks were about 10 inches in diameter. Can you please tell me what these rocks are and how they were formed?
Hello, its hard for me to give an answer on what the rock is based off description alone. I can only guess what it could be. To me, it sounds like it could be a conglomerate or concretions you are seeing.
Mafic = low silica content. Ultramafic, well you get the idea.
Wish I could collect few lava rock from here for my aquascape.
Hello. Your video is helping me understand about the volcanic areas. How does someone found out about minerals found at a caldera area. What’s the best way to research this. I have been trying, but having difficulty. Are there maps for minerals found in the USA.
Are there specific minerals your trying to find? If there is a location your interested in, I would look up a geologic map of the area. A website called Mindat will show mineral locations found at mines and prospects. There is a mineral resource map but its only going to show select locations. The best way to find a mineral your looking for in a specific location is to first understand what type of rock is located there which will then give you a better idea of the possible minerals. Most geologic maps have pdf publications that you can read that will go into more detail about each rock unit and they sometimes list off notable minerals they have observed.
@@GeoForge hi. Thanks. Yes the area I am looking at is between northern New Mexico and San Luis in southern Colorado. There are a few caldera areas there. We had heard of this somehow and went to search out. Now we believe it’s copper??.. I have photos of these minerals. If you have a email. I could send some shots of them. I would appreciate anything you could teach me I am so happy to get your reply. You do explain so well that a amateur like me really understands. I look forward to watching all your videos. Thanks
@@Lizziemeta I've looked at this area on different maps before and I would love to have the time to visit the location. Volcanic locations are of interest to me and they can produce cool mineral and ore deposits sometimes. You can send me photos to my email or you can put them up on your UA-cam and I can take a look at them but, rocks can be difficult to identify online with pictures, even for the experts. You can find my email under the about section on my channel homepage. Copper minerals and deposits can be found in and near volcanic/igneous locations. One deposit type is called a copper porphyry.
Here is a link to Mineral Resource maps and more. mrdata.usgs.gov/general/map-us.html#home
I'm happy to hear your enjoying and finding my videos helpful. Thank you.
I have sent a few different pictures to your email. It’s a really cool area, that want yo understand what I am seeing
@@Lizziemeta I have not received any new emails yet, did it send correctly?
I think I live in a weird place geographically. Maps haven’t been updated since the 50s... but I find gems in the rough and precious/ semiprecious materials that people online say “must’ve been dropped by someone, because that doesn’t occur there.” Maybe it was known to occur in the 50s but the knowledge got “buried.” Pun intended. I’m about an hour and a half from Washington DC and rockhoundung and gold panning are forbidden on state land... though they don’t post it. They just take all your stuff away if they catch you. I’d love to take someone who knows stuff on a walk to a couple of my secret spots off the beaten path.
What I've learned about maps is that they are not perfect. I have found whole outcrops of rock that were not even shown to exist on a geologic map. That map happened to be only 18 years old. I have also found rocks in weird locations where they should "not exist" because of what is known. Do you know the names of the minerals you are finding? Maybe the maps in your location just need a big update. Sounds like a interesting spot.
GeoForge .... there’s a lot of quartz in the overall area... I find volcanic glass, anthracite, serpentine/ jasper/ jade, Slate with layers of mica, hematite, marble/ granite, various gems I haven’t confirmed the name of are yellow, greens, oranges. iron rich area... I’ve found host stones with gold and silver. there’s others I haven’t identified, they just dont draw my interest. There’s a lot of creeks, swamps and natural springs that occur where the Susquehanna river and the Chesapeake bay meet. The bay was carved by a glacier, supposedly from what Ive read.... and the Susquehanna follows a old volcanic fault line. There are some gold mines in driving distance in operation but no fortunes documented. Most the gold I find is flour gold unless in a host stone... normally quarts. There are a lot of quarries in my county. No mountains but very hilly terrain. A lot of irregular topography. Old hard trees. Documents say there no substantial native developments in the area... but my theory is that’s because either they were genocided and history was rewritten... or because it was sacred land used for pilgrimages... open to all tribes and thus forbidden from settlements. The conowingo dam is nearby and it’s reported in some documents that the flat river stones were covered in hieroglyphs. I find arrowheads from time to time. I don’t find much blue... only ever mixed in with greens. Waiting for a chunk of something solid blue. There’s a lot of iron waste leftover from civil war gunpowder mills and farm run off that causes flooding. I’m sure some of what I find is carried here from the Susquehanna and some gets unearthed by springs... got to stir stuff up to see or go right after a flood.
This is off topic but if the bedrock in an area is igneous extrusive would it have mineral deposits? Or will it be more likely found on sedimentary area?
Almost any hard rock can contain mineral deposits, it just depends on the geology for that location. A fresh extrusive lava flow on the surface likely will not contain any deposits. For the sedimentary area, I'm assuming you mean sedimentary rock like that makes up a mountain range, mineral deposits can be possibly found there in mineral veins or within the sedimentary rock itself.
@@GeoForge it’s a graben landform , some papers I found on the area show the downward area as alluvial deposits and geological map says quaternary sedimentary bedrock. The upper area around says outrcrops of volcanic rock and for the geological map says acidic igneous extrusive? Sorry if I’m asking rookie questions you’re the only channel to respond I’ve been reading about geology for ~month. I want to see if I’m understanding this or waisting my time. I’ll pay for your opinion on the area and if I hit it big I won’t forget about you 😄
@@igotufoinformation9636 Sounds like there are a few different rock units within the graben. Old alluvial deposits and sometimes sedimentary rock can contain deposits such as gold. What geologic map is it and what is it your looking for?
@@GeoForge is it reasonable to think I can start with a pan and metal detector maybe a dry washer and use whatever profits from that to get more serious equipment like a dredge/ sluice boxes? I want to do this for a living and from what I know Aguascalientes wasn’t mined as much as the other states
@@igotufoinformation9636 I don't know anything about the area or what's in it. You can start off by doing sample pans in different locations to see if there is anything there. Doing that for a living can be a difficult thing to do. I would recommend researching more about the location your interested in and to explore it.
Super explanation.. I learnt about extrusive rocks. Does these rocks are made of feldspar. Volcanic rocks have quartz in it? Please reply
Igneous rocks can have many different minerals in them but they are mostly made up of the common rock forming minerals like feldspars, mica, quartz and more. The minerals, volume of minerals, and texture are what determines what type of igneous rock you have along with its composition. When igneous rocks erupt from a volcano, its also the composition of the rock that controls what volcano is formed as well. Quartz is in a lot of different felsic and intermediate volcanic rocks. More mafic volcanic rocks like basalt have very little to no quartz in them. Hope this answered your question?
@@GeoForge then what is kimberlite rocks? Aren't they igneous rocks.. They are also volcanic rocks. Do they contain quartz, feldspar , and what about diamonds? Diamonds are part of volcanic rocks?
@@vaiduriampalaniappan9021 kimberlite is an igneous intrusive rock. If the kimberlite magma reached the surface, it would be an extrusive lava but I don't know the name for the extrusive version of it and I don't think its common to find kimberlite volcanic rocks because they are very old. I believe you could classify them as ultramafic because they have a very low silica content which means they have very little to no silica minerals in them like quartz. To my understanding, the only igneous rocks that contain diamonds are kimberlite, lamproite, and lamprophyre and they don't always contain diamonds.
@@GeoForge I understood your explanation. But a volcanic rock that erupted suddenly which is of the size of a football, when broken contains lot of quartz like tiny crystals. They also do not dissolve in vinegar solution. But the rock is very strong and difficult to break also. What is this type of rock called which has a greenish tinge on the upper surface. Initially it was lava like and later it cooled and solidified.. The tiny crystals are likely to be quartz crystals or diamonds? So a lava rock must be a extra terrestrial.. So it must have originated either from beneath the earth surface or it must have fallen from the sky.. In Indid, our land have no reports of volcanoes.
@@vaiduriampalaniappan9021 I wont be able to help identify a rock on here. It is likely quartz you are seeing in the rock not diamonds. Maybe you can find someone in your local area to help you identify the rock? Its likely not extraterrestrial and its possible to still have volcanic rocks and especially plutonic rocks millions of years later with the volcanoes that made them long gone.
Go ahead
Hey man have you ever seen black pumice before?
I think I have but I mostly see black scoria.
@@GeoForge what about in Massachusetts?
@@Superbowlofluck I don't know if there is or isn't any in Massachusetts.
@@GeoForge wanna see some? I found some that is jet black and glassy. Found obsidian too! It’s a new source I guess, I haven’t heard of volcanic rock in New England before now. Everything I learned said any volcanic activity around here was so long ago that these materials couldn’t possibly exist still due to erosion factors and such. But, somehow it’s here! It’s pretty cool
@@Superbowlofluck Its always cool when you can find something that's not shown on maps or not believed to be in an area. Given the right conditions, volcanic rock can survive for millions of years but obsidian is less likely to survive. You can send pictures to my email if you want. You can find my email on my channel page in the about section. Also, did you check to see if the black pumice floats on water?
Oregon or Washington?
Footage was taken in both states.
That white volcanic looks like fibers frozen in epoxy
It reminds me of fiber glass fibers.
Build a nether portal and go inside
Ogg AHHHH?
Can I use a small clip of the video, please for my my youtube chanel
hello sir