Fire Driven Sound Waves in a Quartz Tube
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- Опубліковано 31 бер 2021
- In this video I take a break from the heavy technical side of thermoacoustics to play with a giant propane powered singing tube. This is also called a Rijke tube, and you can find another great video explaining how they work from Bruce Yeany here: • Singing Rijke Tubes //...
Also check out the other videos so far in my thermoacoustic series:
Part one, thermoacoustic engines: • Acoustic Energy & Surp...
Part two, thermoacoustic refrigeration: • Acoustic Cooling & How...
A special thanks to my top Patrons: LVE, Enzo Breda Lee, Jon Hartmann, TheBackyardScientist & Eugene Pakhomov! If you enjoy these videos please consider supporting my efforts to continually improve them: / nighthawkprojects
Thanks for watching!
-Ben
I'm curious if the space between each ripple in the flame could be determined by measuring the upward speed of the flame, and dividing it by the fundamental frequency of the tube. I at first was tempted to think that the ripples were another example of "sub peaks" in the sound wave as we saw in the foam bead experiment in part 2 of the thermoacoustic series, but after reconsidering I think it's more likely a factor of the slow moving flame being regularly impacted by the sound wave. Even so there are some curious things to consider, like why does the flame break apart in mid air? That doesn't seem to make sense unless the air movement of a sound wave is subdivided with nodes at the pinching off points. Very interesting to think about.
Incredibly cool and interesting! What speed was the slow motion footage? I think that would be helpful/important information for anyone wishing to do the mathematical calculations. I'd assume the dimensions would also be important, but that should be attainable from the resonant and harmonic frequencies
@@riuphane 960fps played back at 30fps
@@Nighthawkinlight What about making a musical instrument out of many tubes? I might try it myself!
The ripples in the flame could be from more air being drawn in intermittently through the bottom of the tube when the end experiences low pressure? The convection current of the flame wants to draw more air in but can’t when the pressure is high at the mouth and can only do it at low pressure? Just a hypothesis
Sound is bouncing the table.
I see a thermoacoustic pipe organ in the future! Great stuff!
I see a pulsejet engine with zero moving parts using thermoacoustics to act as a "valve", potentially helping with engine cooling as well. Timing the combustions with the resonance to simultaneously heat the engine to at least its fundamental frequency while also using the pressure caused by the resonating air to hold back air and fuel until it is drawn in by the waves for the next pulse. Simply put, use the differing air pressures to carry a fuel mixture in small packages similar to how it was demonstrated in a previous video with styrofoam balls.
I was thinking the exact same thing - but who will play it? Is that guy from Fury Road available? Lol
@@Chop__. Ten years ago approx I've made a TA "pulse jet" boat. The engine works but the effect is not so strong to drive a boat, car or airplane... Unfortunately! But now I have few new idea to increase the jet flow. It is not easy because the standing wave engines are so sensitive for the opened end geometry, but few tricks will work I hope. We will see!
Historically there have been a few of these made. They have the wonderful name of 'Pyrophones'.
So we now have at least 2 instruments for a mad scientist rock band; Tesla Coil guitar amp and Pyrophone.
More suggestions?
@@profpep The blowless flute could help too for this band with external or internal heat source also it has only one tube. ;)
Life goals: Find a Significant other that looks at you the way NightHawkInLight looks at acoustic fire
5:00... so alcohol is wetter than water? I think this deserves a whole video
That's not a bad idea... I'd have to give some thought about how to make that entertaining
@@Nighthawkinlight you could try to get in contact with schmoyoho to make a second remix of water is not wet. something like water is not wet but alcohol is wetter.
Water isn't the social lubricant, is it?
They make products to make water "wetter" or simply reduce surface tension. Dish soap is a simple example but they make a whole variety for use in gardening, fire fighting, well drilling and more. Its actually a pretty common thing but you never really see it unless you know what it is.
@@Mark-dc1su I think you meant universal solvent?
About a decade ago, when I was a kid, you got me into making my own fireworks with your videos on pyrotechnics. Today you're one of the highest quality educational video creator/producers. It's your accomplishment, but I'm proud to have been here watching the whole time :)
Same
Aye, just how many kids has this guy inspired
What do you think about watching this hot air movement with use of Schlieren Effect? This may give you some interesting results... :)
Yep, we are talking about that few weeks ago. I told to him the Schlieren too. We will see. I want to use it to watch the streams around the test tube's open end: turbulence, vorticity, jet etc.
@@AttilaBlade Do it absolutely guys, I'd love to SEE resonance!
I can just imagine you either sitting by your computer or in a shop, suddenly going all blank in the face as you see that tube. "I got to have that."
Those slowies were wicked! The flame may break apart in mid air, as nodal points might be compressing atmospheric air and replacing the flammable gas at those points. Really great viddy - and being off script was really fun to watch actually!
More than might, take sensor measurement (t/p/m) of the space between those nodes and you will see why I say more than might, now observe the flame within a node and ask where is the fuel coming from to sustain the flame? To answer that you need to understand what is happening. There is more than just atmospheric compression there is dimension displacement. The gaps between the nodes are the points of displacement, the sound frequency (never mind the source) and its harmonics are the tools of all that we have in this universe. For example just as harmony can shake the planet or a ✈ can fall apart from bad harmonics or water dance in a bowl so can sound frequencies create, change or disassemble any matter known.
In our day to day life we see frequency in use and experience how frequencies effect us, connect us, harm us, how it can heal and hurt. Many years ago this was public knowledge taught to all. The lessons of frequency are still carved in stone for everyone to read. Our vocal cords can generate what's needed. The omm /ahhh are a good base to master at about 432hz, although this will vary from person to person.
The take away from this is it supports the fact that everything in this universe is just collections of bonded harmonics.
The treated flame is an excellent visual demo of the abilities of frequency 👍 and off script is just as good 👍👍
@Aayush Deo I think the point of the video is oscillations can be created directly by the heat of a simple flame...
We DO appreciate your "casual" videos! Thanks for your dedication!
You're more concise off script than I am on script most of the time
I cut a LOT of rambling
@@Nighthawkinlight The magic of editing haha
As a musician, I enjoy this a lot. Looked like a ton of fun. Frequencies and vibration have so many interesting effects it seems magical really.
u can say it has a warm tone to it
This gave me an idea: use this effect to make a musical instrument by putting resistive heating elements into tubes sized to produce different notes and control the whole setup from a computer or something
That could be an awesome collab between him and Look mum no computer
That was my first thought as well... a flame pipe organ with electronically controlled valves on the fuel into each pipe. Optionally with a different compound on wicks to dope each flame to a different color.
You could actually use interlaid tubes, one which moves to change to different offsets for a different resonance.
@@CaraesNaur I think of Pulse Jets as gasoline powered Organ pipes.The thrust is just a added bonus.
Same idea, but I thought of a sort of organ/piano with keys, I might try it
Videos like this where you go off script are cool. It may not be as concise, but your demonstrative discovery is seen and I appreciate that kind of thing. Just look at SmarterEveryDay's new video where they're talking about magnetic worms. It's great to see someone talk unscripted about something they're genuinely curious and/or excited to talk about.
Wow, at 2:45 it sounded like an ocean liner. LOL Singing tubes are very cool. Great work as always!
Man, has anyone else noticed how good NightHawk's cinematography has gotten over the past few years? These are some of my favorite videos to relax with (like the Tesla Valve video). The combination of visually striking phenomena on a clean background with a smooth, pleasant voiceover is just great, plus learning something interesting is a nice distraction from the world going off a fucking cliff.
Enjoyed this immensely! Can you imagine When I was in my early 20's, I would take a plastic bread bag, tie it into a number of little knots,all cascading downwards and then suspended it above and over a pan of water. Then record the weird sounds that would emanate from it being set on fire (the tail of it) and dripping the melted plastic while it hit the water. Crazy sounds unlike anything I've been able to duplicate (to date).
I believe that since the burner is venturi aspirated the flame is actually very, very sensitive to pressure fluctuations in the tube. It would be interesting to see this done with a burner that uses pressure fed oxidizer.
I really like these 'unscripted' videos, It shows your enthusiasm about the matter.
Wouw! Pretty cool experiment again! The flame's break should came from the node of the sound wave basically so the period near by the typical frequency. The chimney effect is so strong here so I think it could add some traveling wave component to the standing wave. Another interesting thing when the burner was close enough to the quartz tube's wall (8:31) the TA sound effect started with the higher gas speed easily, so I think the gap between the burner's diameter and the glass tube important for the best result. If I'm right than the visible vibrating flame could go much higher in the optimal diameter tube, not just around the bottom. It was a really good demonstration Ben! Thanks to share it! BLADE 👍👌🙂
It's as if a pulse jet and a bassoon had a baby.
I've been subbed (on another account) and watching your channel for almost a decade now, and I appreciate how well you interact with your community. You are open to constructive criticism and suggestions in a way that most science UA-camrs are not, and it's very welcome. Keep up the great work!
What caught my attention and interest is the up down, up down effect of the flame. Its like a powerful hypnotic effect.
Great video, Love the quartz tube allowing for such a great visual. I especially like the slow motion of the waves. Just curious, what was the length of the tube, did you mention it somewhere and I missed it? Also, it would be interesting to see how the actual frequency measures compared to calculated measurements. They tend to vary according to the temperature of gas inside the pipe. Any experience with Sondhauss tubes? I've dabbled with them a bit but haven't gotten anything near as good as the Rijke tubes.
Thanks! The quartz tube is 51.2" tall x4" in diameter. It's a replacement tube for an outdoor infrared pillar heater. I hadn't heard the term "Sondhauss" tube, but I have made something like that in my first thermoacoustic video around the 5m mark: ua-cam.com/video/abswNCqnMRQ/v-deo.html
They are a little finicky and the steel wool needs to be very finely divided.
I believe you both are involved in identifying a natural phenomena that has been recorded in more recent years. The “airquakes” bellowing around the globe, that sound like large horn instruments... 🤷♂️🤔 sounds like it could be heat in the core is leaking so that the quartz crust vibrates and lightening is discharged ground to cloud
@@WColeZPorter This basically is just "organized weather" in a tube.
The global weather is extremely chaotic yet still does show "oscillations" in the form of repeating patterns (why we're able to predict it to any degree)...
Inside the tube is much more controlled because the waves aren't infinitely wrapping around and interacting with each other from every direction (there's some but it's trivial and "end to end"), so the result is much more "defined".
Both are driven by heat, one is just running at a *much* lower frequency
@@Nighthawkinlight The inch is not a scientific measurement unit, no matter what the Anglo-Saxon world may think. Please provide also measurements in the metric system... ;-)
@@MadScientist267 There is no reason to assume that "weather" would escape the laws of frequency and resonance except that it is too complicated for humans to decrypt...
All is frequency. In the beginning was the word.
All them kinetic experiments on youtube are really of such a disarming naivity...
Your videos are great. Thanks for brightening my day.
Thanks again for that high-quality video! :-)
I appreciate videos that have the work put into them, instead of churning out something twice a week. This is less labor-intensive than your usual, but it's still way ahead of a lot of channels.
I appreciate your ability to simplify science and explain things well you must be a teacher
I'm studying sound design and I had no idea what thermo acoustics were until your video. Now I might just try to build an instrument using it!
You look so happy In the thumbnail
Love it
The thermoacoustics experiment reminded me of an experience that I'll never forget.
In the late 80's, I was a tug captain piloting a 300' barge of full of "cans"...Pilings. Galvanized steel pipes 2', 3' and 4' in diameter and about 100' to 150' in length. The barge heavily loaded and was headed to Alaska somewhere to build a dock. We were coming down the Duwamish Waterway. The last corner we negotiated was called Fisher's Corner as it was a flour mill back in the day. After that corner was a straight shot into Elliot Bay, Seattle. The wind was blowing, prolly 25-30 outta the North. I was piloting the barge up at the bow standing on the pile of pipes. My mate was at the wheel. As we rounded the corner, the wind was blowing across the pipe ends. Like a flute. It was no small task to turn the barge into the wind...but we knew what we were doing. We anticipated. What happened next took us all by surprise.
A vibration started that felt like I was being torn apart inside. I'm sure the mate felt it too! Perhaps like a Star Trek transporter. It was very loud. Really loud and deep. I was standing on the pipe but they started vibrating...I basically was forced off. Today I'd die, but I was young and just took the fall...bouncing from pipe to pipe some 20 feet in stride. As I hit the deck, the vibration was making the dust and stones bounce. I couldn't see or breath. It was like standing on ice. The mate was yelling in the radio asking what was going on! When I spoke in the radio he simply couldn't hear me. We were driving blind! The mate knew he needed to turn and by guess and by golly he turned the barge straight into the wind and the vibrations and noise went away. We made a bunch of smart ass comments to each other and then went about our business. We were both pleased we didn't make the news by crashing into something expensive.
It seemed to me, if properly tuned, those pipes could have destroyed our barge.
Gives me tuning fork vibes. I could legit sleep to this.
I love the way the flame is effected. It's beautiful and neat to see sound waves like that.
You should try attaching a Coleman lantern mantle to the end of the torch. Perhaps the mantle could act as a buffer to prevent the pressure from putting out the flame.
On the note of musical instruments, there is one called a "Pyrophone" that uses this mechanism. Definitely doesn't get enough love though, so i am 100% down for you / others making one (i will myself one day) (I'll put some relevant link spam below)
I know I'm about a year after the release of this video, but I've only just come to your channel recently, to see the joy of the science on your face as you demonstrate the experiments is amazing!
Your research, writing and other pre-production is super appreciated. Your casual clips are great too!
Those transient states are beautiful. I wonder if they can be maintained in a steady state or at least switched through fast enough to give the illusion of being stable.
I think that you'd want a porous inner tube to distribute the gas for that option. Also, you would need some way to actually maintain combustion.
It might be really cool to explore using colored mist or nonflammable dust/smoke inside the tube. You might be able to see where the nodes are positioned along the tube. Also, it might just be cool to see how the gasses and sound waves move through the smoke medium in the tube.
Agreed!
While pillars of fire are ALWAYS cool, visualizing the oscillations, nodes, and peaks might be better conveyed with smoke/mist.
I was thinking that if you returned to an electrical "heating element" that is easily positioned/controlled and NOT subject to being extinguished (?) by back pressure, and introduce a smoke/mist element, you'd be able to SEE the standing/moving waves of sound.
I'm wondering if the speed of the rising column of air/fire/smoke CHANGES as the fundamental/harmonic frequencies start coming into focus. You've got the speed of the ascending column of air versus the speed of sound (which should be the same, regardless of the frequency (fundamental/harmonic) of resonance.
Another complication in this analysis, as compared to air in a flute, is the DENSITY of the medium... the density of air vs the density of a ball of hot flaming combustion products... and how this changes as the mixture changes and the average temperature of the rising air column changes.
So many variables... SO MUCH science fun!!!
Keep up the great work, dude!
I think casual videos are great! They’re so candid, genuine and fun! And you deserves easy one every so often at least!
I definitely think a combination of some thorough ones and some casual/learn as you go ones is good. Most of the youtubers I watch are pretty casual for the most part...
I remembered seeing a fire extinguisher that used sound to put out fires...Yes, just looked it up again, easily found by search engine. The sound waves extinguishing your flame is essentially the same thing. Great demonstration, Thank You.
Idea to film it in the small tube:
If you can adjust your cameras frame-rate to almost match the resonant frequency, you could film the effect in the little tube as well (stroboscopic effect).
A high resonating frequency means that the draft is very slow compared to the sound, which could mean less turbulences, making the effect more reliable.
Love the videos, both casual and scripted. Your commitment to accurate, concise, and detailed information is one of the reasons I subscribed long ago (in addition to the interesting topics/projects and the way you present the information and engage in dialog with your viewers
I just came across this channel, and I love the look of satisfaction and joy that he gets when his demos are working well :)
Thanks for discovering and presenting without a script. In response to your comment at the end of the video about not using a script for this video, I want to say that I enjoy and learn from watching and hearing the discovery process as with this video. It was great!
Thank you for the both types of videos I love them all!
This was really cool! I think maybe even my favorite video from this series so far...
Thank you for visualizing physical processes. This helps to understand how plasma is controlled.
I'm a biology student but I really love this experiments that you do❤❤❤
This is a really interesting topic. I hope we get more videos on thermoacoustics. April Cool's Day amirite?
whaaaat, not even an april fools XD, apreciate it
Yes, I do appreciate the casual videos. maybe not quite as much as the more intensive ones, but I think sustainability is important and the casual ones are definitely still in the good enough to keep me clicking them and watching to the end when I find them in my subscriptions page (yes I actually still use it).
As a music producer, you are my favorite kind or person ever.
Im reminiscent of a pulse jet when I watch the high speed video, any chance there's some similar mechanics going on here?
I hope you end up doing collaborations with The Action Lab, Technology Connections, NileRed, Cody's Lab, Backyard Scientist, Keystone Science.
Tech Ingredients too
Lol I'm subscribed to every one of those channels
I love your scripted videos. But this unscripted one was warm and personal. Thanks for the great channel!
Totally discovered this in highschool with 2 very large cardboard tubes.
It was so loud enough to shake the windows in their frames and the entire school heard it.
Free period in advanced chemistry was over shortly there afterwards..
Is that almost like the same concept that makes a pulse jet work except it is naturally occurring without reed valves?
Sort of... also not really. A little of each
I'm surprised you didn't use this as a moment to Rick Roll your followers or something for April fools day.
I just wanted to tell you that your channel is one of my primary research sources for my sci-fi blog.
Bruce Yeany is great. ive followed his videos for years. love seeing this in slowmo.
I can't believe how many science videos Post Malone filmed before getting face tattoos. They're all so good, too!
People are sleeping in my home, sir. These comments producing such loud and uncontrollable laughter shall not be tolerated.
So, Pre Malone?
I will have nightmares about vibrating Quartz shards plunging their way into your eyes, KEEP YOUR SAFETY GLASSES ON DAMNIT!
Yes! I kept shouting at the screen, "Stop waving a high intensity flame inside a quartz tube inches from your face! "
I thought he should've rigged up a lift as he was initially trying to insert the burner. But especially so as he was lifting and 'tuning' the position of the burner; I'd love to have seen what the flame would have looked like with the burner held stable while making fine adjustments in height.
Otherwise, great job, very interesting effect. Ditto on making a whole flame-tube organ!
Definitely enjoy the casual videos too! Thanks Nighthawk!
Seeing that smile in the thumbnail really made my day
I discovered your channel by UA-cam suggestions and i must admit that a very good discovery. Thank you for your passionate and honest work and keep teaching us about physics.
Dude, your channel is huge in content! Such an inspiration! Thank you so much for sharing!
I wanted to say, and I think a lot of people will agree with me, We appreciate the content, regardless of the format, prep time and post processing. Of course the effort that goes into the more polished videos is noticed, and greatly appreciated, but any content is enjoyed, regardless of the final production value. I believe if you think about it, you can tell that, not only from the quantity of people that like your videos, but from the quality of the people who await your next videos with great anticipation. Many of the biggest names in the youtube world are some of your biggest fans.
I watched many of your videos and I can tell you do a amazing job and great work on casual videos and in-depth videos.I learned so many things. Thank you for you work (From France)
Beautiful footage! I always interpreted this demo as the sound wave first pulling fresh air into the combustion zone, getting a little boost from the resulting puff of fire, then pushing the fire back down into the flameholder on the return leg (hence the disconnected puffs of flame in your slowmo). Basically it's combustion-amplified audio, which could make an incredible sound-and-fire instrument if you could tune it!
Love every video you put out. Can't wait for my kids to get home so I can show this one to them. We re-create as many as we can - it's such a great way to foster their love of science, creativity and curiosity!
Bruce Yearny and Yourself are excellent at what you do, thank you as always 👍
Great demo of the phenomenon. Seeing the flame affected by the sound waves in slow motion was super cool.
Brother, I love your curiosity and your attitude! I am grateful that you offer these videos and share your experimentation! Frequency and electromagnetism is what it is! I thank you kindly and salute you! Three cheers!!! Keep it going! Just found your channel and am loving it!!!
Off-script video was really enjoyable. Both the more casual and the more scripted are good, keep both up :D
At 8:44 you can see a look of pure delight :) Thank you for sharing your passion with us all :)
Your content always humbles me on how much I don't know. There's always something new to learn!
Very cool. I think that works something like a pulse jet engine. That principle was discovered when it was noticed how a flammable liquid burning in an open test tube would "pulse" on and off at a certain frequency dependent upon the length/diameter of the test tube. Nice work.
MIght be just my impression, but the unscripted videos show more of the enjoyment you have when seeing something for the first time. Awesome video!
I quite liked you being off script. feels more real, more conversational. great work!
Your experiments have me pinned to my chair. Thanks for your hard work.
I do like these non scripted videos as well as your candour. Since there's so much misinformation out there it's encouraging to hear that someone is taking the time to fact check their work.
So glad you mentioned the other channel. I had to delete my old account a couple years ago and still finding long forgotten channel I was once subscribed to.
Great Video - big thanks!
When we talk about wetting things, the main role is being played by polarity. A liquid can be very fluid - even resembling a gas, but will not be able to wet something with the wrong polarity. Alcohol dramatically decreases the surface tension of water, what also enables wetting things. I don't have any clue about your wick, but I felt to (need to) tell you this....
This is super awesome.
I came across this effect many years ago, but what I thought was happening, wasn't.
I don't recommend anyone attempt this version, but the way I discovered it, was by filling up glass bottles with butane, and then lighting that on fire.
When you say that the sound pushes the flame down, I think you are right. At 6:03, you can see the convection of the flame as the sound pushes it down. Really cool stuff.
I enjoy the casual videos just as well, if not more.. The casual videos seem like you have more fun. And that is fun to watch.
This non script is an awesome format too! Thank you for all the exciting experiments and explanations =)
The enthusiasm and joy is just amazing
Hi Nighthawk!
I loved the video.
I've loved thermoacoustics, pyroelectricity, vortex tubes, and the other areas where conversions or asymmetries occur.
As a pipe organ builder, I love seeing this sound visual in action! Hehe
Its very interesting that, when the tube is lit, how the flame gets those characteristic flow waves. I would believe that is the frequency. Its interesting that you can see the way the sound sort of propagates throughout the flame. Very good video!
thats so cool that you can see the transverse wave in the edge of the fire, I didn’t think there was a way to visualize it outside of oscilloscopes and rolling shutter tricks on a guitar string
Fascinating! A very interesting explanation on why the sound causes the flame to extinguish can be found by the video the The Action Lab recently did on a phone app that blows out a candle.
I do this demo with my physics students every year. You’ve shown me a neat modification of coloring the flame and recording it in slow motion. My students are going to love this modification. Thank you for your hard work and sharing your knowledge and passion.
Pure awesomeness! Thanks for being here!
I really like the content that you put out and the depth you go into. Thank you for the time and devotion involved
I love your videos cuz as long I'm not an expert in a field of physics you present in your videos they are very curious and quality of them is very good. Also the knowledge you present is always good quality. It would be nice to see your videos more often but I understand that people have thier own private lives. Waiting for more
This is awesome! I had a physics professor in college do this demonstration, but he used a cardboard tube so you couldn't see what was happening inside. ... Also, love TMBH & NDQ!
It's funny. I love your videos yet last video I had commented to myself how strong the script came through. Thank you both for this video, and for the obvious continuing work at finding a balance. Some geeks don't bother, but if we're earnest about our desire to teach (and not just brag), this sort of self development must occur. I applaud you, sir. 👏
Great tactile demonstration of the power of resonance ! Thanks so much, love the "off the cuff" video, much rather quantity over quality, not to take anything away from your scripted videos, they are equally as awesome :)