Reconstructing a Prehistoric Language

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  • Опубліковано 28 жов 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 165

  • @Indo-EuropeanOfficial
    @Indo-EuropeanOfficial  20 днів тому +47

    On the diagram of Schleicher's tree model, I accidentally have the labels for "Slavo-Germanic" and "Balto-Slavic" switched around. You can check the research document linked in the description to see the original image of the tree.

    • @Dr.Yalex.
      @Dr.Yalex. День тому

      thank you ❤ we survived😂

  • @Dollusionist
    @Dollusionist 20 днів тому +51

    great video, i appreciate what must be the insane amount of research you put into everything. i look forward to the next one!

    • @Indo-EuropeanOfficial
      @Indo-EuropeanOfficial  20 днів тому +15

      Hiring a passionate researcher has definitely helped to bring my channel to the next level.

  • @kornsuwin
    @kornsuwin 19 днів тому +20

    i love the verdana jumpscares from when the font you guys use doesn't have a glyph for schwa

  • @Dr.Yalex.
    @Dr.Yalex. День тому +2

    12:18 very patriarchal indeed. The irony is - PIE was a female oriented language originally, as they worshipped the moon before any other gods.
    Pater, mater, frater - should have been ; Mater, Gʷḗn, Meh₁not…
    PIE word for moon is “Meh₁not” - main part in the word “mehn-strua-tion” and “moh-nth”
    PIE name for "woman" is gʷḗn. (pronounced - zhen) It also means "queen" and/or “gynecology”
    PIE for "sister" is nowadays still unknown, but there’s related information about “sister" in other languages:
    Middle English “sister” is from Old English sweostor and from Old Norse systir - interbred at the same time.
    Latin word for "sister" is soror - "sororal" means "relating to one's sister/sisters"….
    Albanian word for "sister" is motër.
    Sanskrit word for "sister" is svasṛ
    ❤🖖

  • @tomaswildanger5238
    @tomaswildanger5238 3 дні тому +1

    Pretty well done, thank you very much for that!! 👍 👍 😃 😃 🤗 🤗

  • @FeHearts
    @FeHearts 19 днів тому +7

    The thing I love most about this channel is that it gives you the origins of an idea.
    As a lover of history it allows one to connect the dots of why a certain people at a certain time believed something when you know what terminology was popular when and where.

  • @jeanneslepeshau
    @jeanneslepeshau 19 днів тому +25

    i still wonder to this day how many Indo-European branches were lost forever simply because they were never written

    • @prasoonjha1816
      @prasoonjha1816 11 днів тому

      We can say that for every language family

    • @b5fremdet
      @b5fremdet 8 днів тому

      ​@@prasoonjha1816 Right, but they still wonder...

  • @Dr.Yalex.
    @Dr.Yalex. День тому +2

    5:21 Proto Indo European = PIE ❤
    Russian/Bulgarian/Ukrainian seem to be closest to the PIE nowadays.
    I love reconstructing words using the PIE 😂
    Thank you , enjoyed your video, and your German is pretty good as well.
    Vielen Dank!❤
    Thumbs up 👍and subscribed 🔔

  • @jvanvuren5399
    @jvanvuren5399 20 днів тому +13

    excellent video

  • @Ithinkthereforeiam-ph9nb
    @Ithinkthereforeiam-ph9nb День тому +1

    8:05 in English this should have been translated as - “Commentary on the dominance of Prusso-Lithuanian in Slavic and Latvian languages”.
    “Borusso-Lithuanic” is a brilliant term. Now I know where the name “boris” comes from.

  • @blugaledoh2669
    @blugaledoh2669 19 днів тому +4

    This channel is going to grow big

  • @auroramartell
    @auroramartell День тому +1

    As a history buff, this is gold.

  • @thebass1x
    @thebass1x 6 днів тому

    Incredible work guys, looking forward to seeing how this story evolves!

  • @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
    @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 19 днів тому +6

    11:17 it would be amazing if someone took the wave model and had it come twords us along the Y axis changing. Computers dont limit us to X and Z anymore, we can add the time dimension if anyones willing to make the animation.

  • @FOLIPE
    @FOLIPE 18 днів тому +2

    Awesome video, great amount of work.

  • @antadhg
    @antadhg 20 днів тому +3

    Great series. Looking forward to the next vids.

  • @ItsFineWW
    @ItsFineWW 16 днів тому

    Best private academia on UA-cam right now. Great work and editing. Loved the recommended and shown books of original and translated titles so one can read where the ideas and comparisons came from . Very interesting stuff!

  • @deithlan
    @deithlan 18 днів тому +1

    This is an amazing video, probably the best introduction to the family I’ve ever seen.

  • @OmegaWolf747
    @OmegaWolf747 20 днів тому +22

    The Yamnaya and Sintashta!

    • @sourovdas7883
      @sourovdas7883 20 днів тому +4

      😃

    • @Ayylmaogoodsir
      @Ayylmaogoodsir 6 днів тому

      It was the corded ware culture that spread the language across Europe, not yamnaya

  • @KuhuChan165
    @KuhuChan165 8 днів тому

    Thank you so much for providing these videos, this is one of my greatest interests

  • @ArkhBaegor
    @ArkhBaegor 11 днів тому

    Excellent travail ! This series is so well put together, I can't wait for the rest!

  • @mmdrezakh
    @mmdrezakh 17 днів тому +2

    jeets bout to go crazy with dis one

  • @taihao.multimedia
    @taihao.multimedia 17 днів тому +3

    Trivia: the Brothers Grimm of fairytale fame were also linguists.

  • @MrCharlieBros
    @MrCharlieBros 20 днів тому +2

    I was looking something to watch and this gem was just suddenly uploaded, neat!

  • @topesimoes
    @topesimoes 13 днів тому

    I loved the video and the explanations: extremely detailed and complete, the care of pronouncing correctly the names of French, Latin and other international paperworks.
    This video is a goldmine to someone keen on linguistics :)

  • @funnywarnerbox300
    @funnywarnerbox300 9 днів тому

    Can't wait for the next one!

  • @fordfalcon8940
    @fordfalcon8940 14 днів тому

    Top notch. Can´t wait for the next part.

  • @meteorname
    @meteorname 19 днів тому +2

    I love that you put effort into pronouncing German correctly!

    • @TheRichTurner
      @TheRichTurner 12 днів тому

      Thank you. My German is a little rusty now, but 40 years ago, I lived in Köln, and could speak German (and Kölsch) fairly well - The narrator.

  • @jacobknepp2925
    @jacobknepp2925 20 днів тому +2

    Great channel. Very interested in historical Lingustics

  • @Rithymna
    @Rithymna 9 днів тому

    Great presentation

  • @colinsingleton3810
    @colinsingleton3810 20 днів тому +1

    Fascinating. Thanks for all the research this must have entailed.

  • @pasmal_lesbzez
    @pasmal_lesbzez 19 днів тому +1

    Fantastic video! Showed this to my gf as an introduction

  • @askadia
    @askadia 15 днів тому

    You just gained a new subscriber. Wonderful video

  • @K2ELP
    @K2ELP 18 днів тому

    Leaving a comment for the algorithm, as I like all 3 videos this channel has uploaded so far very much

  • @Luki25317
    @Luki25317 19 днів тому +3

    17:06 It was the palatalised /ḱ/ sound such as in the word "ḱm̥tóm" and not "plain" /k/ which became /s/ etc. in satem languages.

    • @Luki25317
      @Luki25317 19 днів тому +2

      Therefore there has also been a different sound change in Latin etc. from /ḱ/ > /k/.

    • @DoctorKalkyl
      @DoctorKalkyl 10 днів тому

      That presumes that it was actually palatalised, which need not have been the case. We can only really conclude that it was at a place of articulation different from the "velars" and "labiovelars", and that it was probably further forward than at least the former.

    • @Luki25317
      @Luki25317 10 днів тому

      @@DoctorKalkyl Ok, but even if it wasn't palatalised per se, still the main point is, that it was not "plain" /k/, that changed which is a very important point, because it was a completely different phoneme in PIE.

    • @DoctorKalkyl
      @DoctorKalkyl 10 днів тому

      @@Luki25317 You are correct, he did use the wrong symbol, I missed that on the first watch, since he uses the correct symbol when he shows the actual reconstructions.

  • @bujuminodstrom2076
    @bujuminodstrom2076 9 днів тому

    very good stuff

  • @854gabryel
    @854gabryel 19 днів тому

    I think the amount of effort and the quality of this video are very high.
    Only one thing I found a bit annoying was spelling each work’s complete name in whatever language. I was wondering why it was neccessay. But don’t mind me.
    Nice informative video nonetheless

  • @lyvras
    @lyvras 20 днів тому

    a very interesting video and a good jumping block for the next video!

  • @santiagovargas8278
    @santiagovargas8278 11 днів тому

    I dont know anything about linguistics, but this is extremely interesting

  • @GrimLordofOregon
    @GrimLordofOregon 20 днів тому

    Very informative!

  • @AveragePsychologist
    @AveragePsychologist 20 днів тому +1

    Amazing video!
    Could the languages be classified like this? Did some research and ended up making this chart:
    1. Anatolian.
    2. Tocharian.
    3. Germano-Italo-Celtic.
    3.1. Germanic.
    3.2. Italo-Celtic.
    3.2.1. Italic.
    3.2.2. Celtic.
    4. Paleo Balkan.
    4.1. Albanian.
    4.2. Graeco-Armenian.
    4.2.1. Greek.
    4.2.2. Armenian.
    5. Indo-Slavic.
    5.1. Indo-Iranian.
    5.1.1. Indic.
    5.1.2. Iranian.
    5.1.3. Nuristani.
    5.2. Balto-Slavic.
    5.2.1. Baltic.
    5.2.2. Slavic.

  • @jamiee7367
    @jamiee7367 20 днів тому +13

    On the diagram of the tree model, I think you accidentally have the labels for "Slavo-Germanic" and "Balto-Slavic" switched around.

  • @ferdi5407
    @ferdi5407 19 днів тому

    Could not manage to follow linguistics - too immersed in this amazing , 'climb into your soul' VOICE!! Will have to watch again ( many times)

  • @ricardotabone3231
    @ricardotabone3231 16 днів тому +1

    This an absolutely fascinating video. 💯
    The very best in the subject!
    Thank you very much!
    It's wonderful to see Ferdinand's contribution even though Neogrammarians were not Saussure about that 😂

  • @liquidoxygen819
    @liquidoxygen819 20 днів тому +2

    I actually don't understand why the Neogrammarians felt that Laryngeal Theory didn't accord with their own views... isn't it positing a systematic sound change in the Neogrammarian tradition to resolve seeming exceptions?

    • @6515cg
      @6515cg 19 днів тому +2

      Yes, but until hittite, it was only a theoretical, without ‘textual’ evidence. It’s like as if Saussure was pointing at a void, and the rest simply said “I don’t see anything!” Only after Hittite decipherment could the ‘void’ be filled with a tangible lagyngeal. Now there was actually visible evidence of a phoneme having existed beyond its ripple effects that it left on the surrounding vowels.

    • @liquidoxygen819
      @liquidoxygen819 18 днів тому

      @@6515cg But to me, it seems that his proposal would still neatly comport to exactly what the Neogrammarians wanted. I’m surprised they didn’t jump on board with the prediction

  • @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
    @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 19 днів тому +3

    An interesting thing if you know grims law is if you take proto germanic and undo it the resulting language sounds very baltic to my ear.

    • @katon44
      @katon44 15 днів тому

      there's no proto-germanic language 😂

    • @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
      @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 15 днів тому +1

      @@katon44 With a face of shock thinks to himself - people like this exist...

    • @katon44
      @katon44 15 днів тому +1

      ​​​​​​@@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714indeed people with knowledge from researches made in 21 century live nowadays as well as some with imperial fantasy of 18-19 century on some deep anglosaxon (not really prussian itself) province / there're two groups of indoeuropan (r1) invaders of europe after iceberg's period of time - baltoslavs (r1a) and italocelts (r1b) like in old scythian legend about two brothers,both groups merged with old europeans (i2),nordic one (i1) which might be connected to there "proto-germanic" bullshit seems to be moved from scandinavia thousand years later after invasion of r1a and r1b there / dna cannot lie,evidence's like battle of doleza,battle of tollense or lusatian culture,then pomeranian culture and andronovo culture as well

    • @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
      @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 15 днів тому +1

      @@katon44 ŠMH - What are you on?

    • @katon44
      @katon44 15 днів тому

      ​​@@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714no "germans" or "germanic" until invasion of r1a and r1b to scandinavia (conquest of old europeans i1,old gods died) nor moving out alemans (franks) to europe paid by byzantium empire

  • @OscarCondor1542
    @OscarCondor1542 9 днів тому

    Buen video, saludos del Perú :3

  • @omerkaya545
    @omerkaya545 11 днів тому

    19:42 for those who don't know, "kafiri" means "the heathens" which the nuristanis were called by the surrounding muslim population

    • @sumslaya
      @sumslaya 2 дні тому

      they are old hindus right ?

    • @Dr.Yalex.
      @Dr.Yalex. День тому +2

      The terms Kafir and Kafiri come from Arabic kāfir, meaning "infidel," and allude to the time before the populace of what is now called Nuristan (formerly Kafiristan, in the Hindu Kush in northeastern Afghanistan) was forcibly converted to Islam at the turn of the 20th century. Both Kafir and Kafiri are dated terms and are now often considered offensive; Nuristani is used instead.

  • @daisybrain9423
    @daisybrain9423 День тому

    I thought that was Freddie Mercury in the middle of the thumbnail.

  • @irgendwer3610
    @irgendwer3610 11 днів тому +1

    why do you sound like RetroAhoy?

  • @SchmulKrieger
    @SchmulKrieger 14 днів тому

    Sounds like Germans are so much interested in language that they invented linguistics.

  • @olbiomoiros
    @olbiomoiros 18 днів тому

    There’s also the Greek φράτηρ not meaning brother but kinsman. It is not a loan word.

  • @Palladiosios
    @Palladiosios 19 днів тому

    Crazy

  • @lloydgush
    @lloydgush 19 днів тому

    The out of ukr guys got vindicated.

  • @Kerguelen.Mapping
    @Kerguelen.Mapping 20 днів тому +52

    0 comments in 34 minutes bro fell off

    • @rajdhonsinghngangbam1848
      @rajdhonsinghngangbam1848 19 днів тому

      Shut up lil bro

    • @giorgospapoutsakis5271
      @giorgospapoutsakis5271 19 днів тому +9

      Let this god awful meme die already

    • @icygeometry
      @icygeometry 19 днів тому +5

      ​@@giorgospapoutsakis5271 I'm honestly bewildered by the fact that the god awful meme even made it this far, because the way I remember it is that the first people to have pioneered this god awful comment trend are Pyrocynical's slop viewers, which now just goes to explain why every time I read the comment format reused by someone it irks me somehow

    • @NetarAlt
      @NetarAlt 19 днів тому +2

      0 replies in 1 second, don't be a hypocrite

    • @NetarAlt
      @NetarAlt 19 днів тому +1

      ​@@icygeometry Agreed

  • @mc5574
    @mc5574 16 днів тому

    1:28
    Netherlands are not included, lol

  • @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
    @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 19 днів тому +1

    2:07 that is not e, that is ē, vowel lengh man, it matters. Imagine if the /i/ in ease /i:z/ and is /iz/ was pronounced the same by someone, uninteligable speach.

  • @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
    @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 19 днів тому +2

    Why do you pronounce german words with "g" as if it was "h"? Its August not Auhust.

    • @TheRichTurner
      @TheRichTurner 13 днів тому +2

      Sorry. I'm the narrator. My German's not bad, but for some reason, I thought one of the Augusts in the video was from Sweden.

    • @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
      @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 13 днів тому +1

      @@TheRichTurner Yes.
      Such is problem with english writing, not changing the spelling of foreign words you have to know the etimology and original ortography to pronounce it right.
      My people are much more practical. For example how to say "Ch" in words like Charles and Charlote is not a problem for us as we simply write Čarlzs and Šarlote.

  • @MilanKFP
    @MilanKFP 20 днів тому

    Are u using ur real voice this time

    • @Indo-EuropeanOfficial
      @Indo-EuropeanOfficial  20 днів тому +4

      I hired a narrator.

    • @mariiris1403
      @mariiris1403 19 днів тому

      @@Indo-EuropeanOfficial Could you tell him, that Scandinavian Kn- ,in for instanstance Knut, is pronounced KN- ? This is true for Swedish, Danish and Norwegian.

  • @jackweisensee5747
    @jackweisensee5747 16 днів тому

    The german pronunciation of titles could be dropped. It feels pretentious when you don’t also say the English translation. Great channel ty for the videos

  • @AmjadSergiwa
    @AmjadSergiwa 2 дні тому

    Hi...
    I do a lot of voiceovers, speaking Arabic and English almost equally well, although Arabic is my mother tongue.
    I do wish have your permission to make an Arabic version of your extraordinary videos

    • @Indo-EuropeanOfficial
      @Indo-EuropeanOfficial  2 дні тому +1

      My email is in my channel description, you can contact me there to discuss further.

    • @AmjadSergiwa
      @AmjadSergiwa День тому

      @@Indo-EuropeanOfficial
      I've sent you an email
      I hope you received it

    • @Indo-EuropeanOfficial
      @Indo-EuropeanOfficial  День тому

      @@AmjadSergiwa I don't see an email, I checked my spam folder and there is nothing there either.

  • @PhuongNguyen-w6h3s
    @PhuongNguyen-w6h3s 20 днів тому

    ❤😊

  • @an0nycat
    @an0nycat 17 днів тому +1

    Oh! Easy! Flame in Russian is Plamea, Five=Piat, mother=mater, three=Tree, tree=drevo. So just need change F to P, T to D, TH to T.
    English is a very strange language. And who invented the sound TH when there is just T. 😅😅🤔🤔

  • @alaksiejstankievicx
    @alaksiejstankievicx 19 днів тому +1

    In the last diagramm the Belarusian (and debatably Ruthenian) is missing.

  • @dainagrn7030
    @dainagrn7030 20 днів тому

    Brolis

  • @josepheridu3322
    @josepheridu3322 18 днів тому +1

    I wonder if early indo-Europeans people had any kind of communication with Sumerians. Maybe they exchanged some words.

    • @nyko921
      @nyko921 17 днів тому +1

      Seems unlikely as they inhabited different sides of the caucasus range, and to this day the caucasus is still extremely difficult to traverse

  • @wotislife2410
    @wotislife2410 19 днів тому

    In the last Proto-Indo-European family tree you didn't put Manx or Cornish in the tree.

    • @pasmal_lesbzez
      @pasmal_lesbzez 19 днів тому +2

      He omitted many individual languages within the branches. Otherwise the tree would have been too big and unreadable

  • @katon44
    @katon44 15 днів тому

    it might be far clear to compare other's european language's with ancient sanskrit especially theraweda (dead language),not some mixed language's like greek,roman and the most funny english (that's pathetic) 😂 go back from imperialism of 18-19 century and move out to 21 century

    • @Ithinkthereforeiam-ph9nb
      @Ithinkthereforeiam-ph9nb День тому

      @@katon44 you’re not done editing your comment, oh boy happens to me all the time also.🤣🫣
      “ it might be far clearer to compare other European languages with ancient Sanskrit, especially the Vedas … instead of mixed languages like Greek, Roman, or the most funny one English … “
      “go back from imperialism of 18th to 19th centuries and move out to 21st century” - in English we would say: “lose the imperialism of past two centuries and get back to 21st century”
      Now I really am intrigued to know what your mother’s tongue is🤣🖖

  • @S.J.L
    @S.J.L 20 днів тому +2

    All Indo European nations should be united. It would be good for the broader culture and global stability.

    • @zvidanyatvetski8081
      @zvidanyatvetski8081 20 днів тому

      Let me guess, you're american

    • @S.J.L
      @S.J.L 20 днів тому

      @@zvidanyatvetski8081 Yes, the main country and ethnicity needed to pull of anything. Nothing worth doing is easy but it is an obvious and practical aim. If you have any valid criticisms then I'll hear them but you have revealed nothing so far but your own bias.

    • @RogerRamos1993
      @RogerRamos1993 20 днів тому

      Not united as in one country, you mean? That would be a hellava country.

    • @S.J.L
      @S.J.L 20 днів тому

      @@RogerRamos1993 That would be. I'm thinking more along a NATO like alliance and core trade network with a revival of Indo European religion and culture. This would also favor migration between these nations.
      I'd like to see us less involved with the middle east politically and spiritually. I realize China is a bit hostile but I think we can have a broadly United Eurasia with Eurasianism and Atlanticism in union.
      I realize Iran is a hard case but I think bringing India into this alliance and encouraging a cultural revival in Europe and the Americas is doable and necessary.

    • @S.J.L
      @S.J.L 20 днів тому

      Some alliances and even redrawing of borders or defacto unifications are sensible but I'm ultimately for national sovereignty and voluntary cooperation. That said a nation must be able to stand on its own two feet or it's not naturally viable.

  • @nosotrosloslobosestamosreg4115
    @nosotrosloslobosestamosreg4115 20 днів тому +2

    Don't use "Indo-European," use "Aryan" instead.

    • @iillililillliliilliiililil5066
      @iillililillliliilliiililil5066 20 днів тому +16

      “Aryan” refers specifically to the Proto-Indo-Europeans who migrated to Iran and India

    • @nosotrosloslobosestamosreg4115
      @nosotrosloslobosestamosreg4115 20 днів тому +2

      @@iillililillliliilliiililil5066 Still Aryans. Europeans have no relation to pajeeeeeets.

    • @freealliance2505
      @freealliance2505 20 днів тому +3

      @@nosotrosloslobosestamosreg4115 pajeets look more closer to Yamnayas, brown eyes black hair.

    • @sqrt2295
      @sqrt2295 20 днів тому +2

      That term is more so used for the Indo-Iranian languages, since that's a shared term used by both the Indic and Iranian branches.

    • @ceohadenough894
      @ceohadenough894 20 днів тому +12

      Lmfao I'm a european and I know we aren't Aryan. We are European. Period