On the diagram of Schleicher's tree model, I accidentally have the labels for "Slavo-Germanic" and "Balto-Slavic" switched around. You can check the research document linked in the description to see the original image of the tree.
12:18 very patriarchal indeed. The irony is - PIE was a female oriented language originally, as they worshipped the moon before any other gods. Pater, mater, frater - should have been ; Mater, Gʷḗn, Meh₁not… PIE word for moon is “Meh₁not” - main part in the word “mehn-strua-tion” and “moh-nth” PIE name for "woman" is gʷḗn. (pronounced - zhen) It also means "queen" and/or “gynecology” PIE for "sister" is nowadays still unknown, but there’s related information about “sister" in other languages: Middle English “sister” is from Old English sweostor and from Old Norse systir - interbred at the same time. Latin word for "sister" is soror - "sororal" means "relating to one's sister/sisters"…. Albanian word for "sister" is motër. Sanskrit word for "sister" is svasṛ ❤🖖
The thing I love most about this channel is that it gives you the origins of an idea. As a lover of history it allows one to connect the dots of why a certain people at a certain time believed something when you know what terminology was popular when and where.
5:21 Proto Indo European = PIE ❤ Russian/Bulgarian/Ukrainian seem to be closest to the PIE nowadays. I love reconstructing words using the PIE 😂 Thank you , enjoyed your video, and your German is pretty good as well. Vielen Dank!❤ Thumbs up 👍and subscribed 🔔
8:05 in English this should have been translated as - “Commentary on the dominance of Prusso-Lithuanian in Slavic and Latvian languages”. “Borusso-Lithuanic” is a brilliant term. Now I know where the name “boris” comes from.
11:17 it would be amazing if someone took the wave model and had it come twords us along the Y axis changing. Computers dont limit us to X and Z anymore, we can add the time dimension if anyones willing to make the animation.
Best private academia on UA-cam right now. Great work and editing. Loved the recommended and shown books of original and translated titles so one can read where the ideas and comparisons came from . Very interesting stuff!
I loved the video and the explanations: extremely detailed and complete, the care of pronouncing correctly the names of French, Latin and other international paperworks. This video is a goldmine to someone keen on linguistics :)
That presumes that it was actually palatalised, which need not have been the case. We can only really conclude that it was at a place of articulation different from the "velars" and "labiovelars", and that it was probably further forward than at least the former.
@@DoctorKalkyl Ok, but even if it wasn't palatalised per se, still the main point is, that it was not "plain" /k/, that changed which is a very important point, because it was a completely different phoneme in PIE.
@@Luki25317 You are correct, he did use the wrong symbol, I missed that on the first watch, since he uses the correct symbol when he shows the actual reconstructions.
I think the amount of effort and the quality of this video are very high. Only one thing I found a bit annoying was spelling each work’s complete name in whatever language. I was wondering why it was neccessay. But don’t mind me. Nice informative video nonetheless
Amazing video! Could the languages be classified like this? Did some research and ended up making this chart: 1. Anatolian. 2. Tocharian. 3. Germano-Italo-Celtic. 3.1. Germanic. 3.2. Italo-Celtic. 3.2.1. Italic. 3.2.2. Celtic. 4. Paleo Balkan. 4.1. Albanian. 4.2. Graeco-Armenian. 4.2.1. Greek. 4.2.2. Armenian. 5. Indo-Slavic. 5.1. Indo-Iranian. 5.1.1. Indic. 5.1.2. Iranian. 5.1.3. Nuristani. 5.2. Balto-Slavic. 5.2.1. Baltic. 5.2.2. Slavic.
This an absolutely fascinating video. 💯 The very best in the subject! Thank you very much! It's wonderful to see Ferdinand's contribution even though Neogrammarians were not Saussure about that 😂
I actually don't understand why the Neogrammarians felt that Laryngeal Theory didn't accord with their own views... isn't it positing a systematic sound change in the Neogrammarian tradition to resolve seeming exceptions?
Yes, but until hittite, it was only a theoretical, without ‘textual’ evidence. It’s like as if Saussure was pointing at a void, and the rest simply said “I don’t see anything!” Only after Hittite decipherment could the ‘void’ be filled with a tangible lagyngeal. Now there was actually visible evidence of a phoneme having existed beyond its ripple effects that it left on the surrounding vowels.
@@6515cg But to me, it seems that his proposal would still neatly comport to exactly what the Neogrammarians wanted. I’m surprised they didn’t jump on board with the prediction
@@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714indeed people with knowledge from researches made in 21 century live nowadays as well as some with imperial fantasy of 18-19 century on some deep anglosaxon (not really prussian itself) province / there're two groups of indoeuropan (r1) invaders of europe after iceberg's period of time - baltoslavs (r1a) and italocelts (r1b) like in old scythian legend about two brothers,both groups merged with old europeans (i2),nordic one (i1) which might be connected to there "proto-germanic" bullshit seems to be moved from scandinavia thousand years later after invasion of r1a and r1b there / dna cannot lie,evidence's like battle of doleza,battle of tollense or lusatian culture,then pomeranian culture and andronovo culture as well
@@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714no "germans" or "germanic" until invasion of r1a and r1b to scandinavia (conquest of old europeans i1,old gods died) nor moving out alemans (franks) to europe paid by byzantium empire
The terms Kafir and Kafiri come from Arabic kāfir, meaning "infidel," and allude to the time before the populace of what is now called Nuristan (formerly Kafiristan, in the Hindu Kush in northeastern Afghanistan) was forcibly converted to Islam at the turn of the 20th century. Both Kafir and Kafiri are dated terms and are now often considered offensive; Nuristani is used instead.
@@giorgospapoutsakis5271 I'm honestly bewildered by the fact that the god awful meme even made it this far, because the way I remember it is that the first people to have pioneered this god awful comment trend are Pyrocynical's slop viewers, which now just goes to explain why every time I read the comment format reused by someone it irks me somehow
2:07 that is not e, that is ē, vowel lengh man, it matters. Imagine if the /i/ in ease /i:z/ and is /iz/ was pronounced the same by someone, uninteligable speach.
@@TheRichTurner Yes. Such is problem with english writing, not changing the spelling of foreign words you have to know the etimology and original ortography to pronounce it right. My people are much more practical. For example how to say "Ch" in words like Charles and Charlote is not a problem for us as we simply write Čarlzs and Šarlote.
@@Indo-EuropeanOfficial Could you tell him, that Scandinavian Kn- ,in for instanstance Knut, is pronounced KN- ? This is true for Swedish, Danish and Norwegian.
The german pronunciation of titles could be dropped. It feels pretentious when you don’t also say the English translation. Great channel ty for the videos
Hi... I do a lot of voiceovers, speaking Arabic and English almost equally well, although Arabic is my mother tongue. I do wish have your permission to make an Arabic version of your extraordinary videos
Oh! Easy! Flame in Russian is Plamea, Five=Piat, mother=mater, three=Tree, tree=drevo. So just need change F to P, T to D, TH to T. English is a very strange language. And who invented the sound TH when there is just T. 😅😅🤔🤔
it might be far clear to compare other's european language's with ancient sanskrit especially theraweda (dead language),not some mixed language's like greek,roman and the most funny english (that's pathetic) 😂 go back from imperialism of 18-19 century and move out to 21 century
@@katon44 you’re not done editing your comment, oh boy happens to me all the time also.🤣🫣 “ it might be far clearer to compare other European languages with ancient Sanskrit, especially the Vedas … instead of mixed languages like Greek, Roman, or the most funny one English … “ “go back from imperialism of 18th to 19th centuries and move out to 21st century” - in English we would say: “lose the imperialism of past two centuries and get back to 21st century” Now I really am intrigued to know what your mother’s tongue is🤣🖖
@@zvidanyatvetski8081 Yes, the main country and ethnicity needed to pull of anything. Nothing worth doing is easy but it is an obvious and practical aim. If you have any valid criticisms then I'll hear them but you have revealed nothing so far but your own bias.
@@RogerRamos1993 That would be. I'm thinking more along a NATO like alliance and core trade network with a revival of Indo European religion and culture. This would also favor migration between these nations. I'd like to see us less involved with the middle east politically and spiritually. I realize China is a bit hostile but I think we can have a broadly United Eurasia with Eurasianism and Atlanticism in union. I realize Iran is a hard case but I think bringing India into this alliance and encouraging a cultural revival in Europe and the Americas is doable and necessary.
Some alliances and even redrawing of borders or defacto unifications are sensible but I'm ultimately for national sovereignty and voluntary cooperation. That said a nation must be able to stand on its own two feet or it's not naturally viable.
On the diagram of Schleicher's tree model, I accidentally have the labels for "Slavo-Germanic" and "Balto-Slavic" switched around. You can check the research document linked in the description to see the original image of the tree.
thank you ❤ we survived😂
great video, i appreciate what must be the insane amount of research you put into everything. i look forward to the next one!
Hiring a passionate researcher has definitely helped to bring my channel to the next level.
i love the verdana jumpscares from when the font you guys use doesn't have a glyph for schwa
12:18 very patriarchal indeed. The irony is - PIE was a female oriented language originally, as they worshipped the moon before any other gods.
Pater, mater, frater - should have been ; Mater, Gʷḗn, Meh₁not…
PIE word for moon is “Meh₁not” - main part in the word “mehn-strua-tion” and “moh-nth”
PIE name for "woman" is gʷḗn. (pronounced - zhen) It also means "queen" and/or “gynecology”
PIE for "sister" is nowadays still unknown, but there’s related information about “sister" in other languages:
Middle English “sister” is from Old English sweostor and from Old Norse systir - interbred at the same time.
Latin word for "sister" is soror - "sororal" means "relating to one's sister/sisters"….
Albanian word for "sister" is motër.
Sanskrit word for "sister" is svasṛ
❤🖖
Pretty well done, thank you very much for that!! 👍 👍 😃 😃 🤗 🤗
The thing I love most about this channel is that it gives you the origins of an idea.
As a lover of history it allows one to connect the dots of why a certain people at a certain time believed something when you know what terminology was popular when and where.
i still wonder to this day how many Indo-European branches were lost forever simply because they were never written
We can say that for every language family
@@prasoonjha1816 Right, but they still wonder...
5:21 Proto Indo European = PIE ❤
Russian/Bulgarian/Ukrainian seem to be closest to the PIE nowadays.
I love reconstructing words using the PIE 😂
Thank you , enjoyed your video, and your German is pretty good as well.
Vielen Dank!❤
Thumbs up 👍and subscribed 🔔
excellent video
8:05 in English this should have been translated as - “Commentary on the dominance of Prusso-Lithuanian in Slavic and Latvian languages”.
“Borusso-Lithuanic” is a brilliant term. Now I know where the name “boris” comes from.
This channel is going to grow big
As a history buff, this is gold.
Incredible work guys, looking forward to seeing how this story evolves!
11:17 it would be amazing if someone took the wave model and had it come twords us along the Y axis changing. Computers dont limit us to X and Z anymore, we can add the time dimension if anyones willing to make the animation.
Awesome video, great amount of work.
Great series. Looking forward to the next vids.
Best private academia on UA-cam right now. Great work and editing. Loved the recommended and shown books of original and translated titles so one can read where the ideas and comparisons came from . Very interesting stuff!
This is an amazing video, probably the best introduction to the family I’ve ever seen.
The Yamnaya and Sintashta!
😃
It was the corded ware culture that spread the language across Europe, not yamnaya
Thank you so much for providing these videos, this is one of my greatest interests
Excellent travail ! This series is so well put together, I can't wait for the rest!
jeets bout to go crazy with dis one
Bloody basterd
Trivia: the Brothers Grimm of fairytale fame were also linguists.
I was looking something to watch and this gem was just suddenly uploaded, neat!
I loved the video and the explanations: extremely detailed and complete, the care of pronouncing correctly the names of French, Latin and other international paperworks.
This video is a goldmine to someone keen on linguistics :)
Can't wait for the next one!
Top notch. Can´t wait for the next part.
I love that you put effort into pronouncing German correctly!
Thank you. My German is a little rusty now, but 40 years ago, I lived in Köln, and could speak German (and Kölsch) fairly well - The narrator.
Great channel. Very interested in historical Lingustics
Great presentation
Fascinating. Thanks for all the research this must have entailed.
Fantastic video! Showed this to my gf as an introduction
You just gained a new subscriber. Wonderful video
Leaving a comment for the algorithm, as I like all 3 videos this channel has uploaded so far very much
17:06 It was the palatalised /ḱ/ sound such as in the word "ḱm̥tóm" and not "plain" /k/ which became /s/ etc. in satem languages.
Therefore there has also been a different sound change in Latin etc. from /ḱ/ > /k/.
That presumes that it was actually palatalised, which need not have been the case. We can only really conclude that it was at a place of articulation different from the "velars" and "labiovelars", and that it was probably further forward than at least the former.
@@DoctorKalkyl Ok, but even if it wasn't palatalised per se, still the main point is, that it was not "plain" /k/, that changed which is a very important point, because it was a completely different phoneme in PIE.
@@Luki25317 You are correct, he did use the wrong symbol, I missed that on the first watch, since he uses the correct symbol when he shows the actual reconstructions.
very good stuff
I think the amount of effort and the quality of this video are very high.
Only one thing I found a bit annoying was spelling each work’s complete name in whatever language. I was wondering why it was neccessay. But don’t mind me.
Nice informative video nonetheless
a very interesting video and a good jumping block for the next video!
I dont know anything about linguistics, but this is extremely interesting
Very informative!
Amazing video!
Could the languages be classified like this? Did some research and ended up making this chart:
1. Anatolian.
2. Tocharian.
3. Germano-Italo-Celtic.
3.1. Germanic.
3.2. Italo-Celtic.
3.2.1. Italic.
3.2.2. Celtic.
4. Paleo Balkan.
4.1. Albanian.
4.2. Graeco-Armenian.
4.2.1. Greek.
4.2.2. Armenian.
5. Indo-Slavic.
5.1. Indo-Iranian.
5.1.1. Indic.
5.1.2. Iranian.
5.1.3. Nuristani.
5.2. Balto-Slavic.
5.2.1. Baltic.
5.2.2. Slavic.
On the diagram of the tree model, I think you accidentally have the labels for "Slavo-Germanic" and "Balto-Slavic" switched around.
Thanks for pointing it out, I will make a pinned comment.
Could not manage to follow linguistics - too immersed in this amazing , 'climb into your soul' VOICE!! Will have to watch again ( many times)
This an absolutely fascinating video. 💯
The very best in the subject!
Thank you very much!
It's wonderful to see Ferdinand's contribution even though Neogrammarians were not Saussure about that 😂
I actually don't understand why the Neogrammarians felt that Laryngeal Theory didn't accord with their own views... isn't it positing a systematic sound change in the Neogrammarian tradition to resolve seeming exceptions?
Yes, but until hittite, it was only a theoretical, without ‘textual’ evidence. It’s like as if Saussure was pointing at a void, and the rest simply said “I don’t see anything!” Only after Hittite decipherment could the ‘void’ be filled with a tangible lagyngeal. Now there was actually visible evidence of a phoneme having existed beyond its ripple effects that it left on the surrounding vowels.
@@6515cg But to me, it seems that his proposal would still neatly comport to exactly what the Neogrammarians wanted. I’m surprised they didn’t jump on board with the prediction
An interesting thing if you know grims law is if you take proto germanic and undo it the resulting language sounds very baltic to my ear.
there's no proto-germanic language 😂
@@katon44 With a face of shock thinks to himself - people like this exist...
@@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714indeed people with knowledge from researches made in 21 century live nowadays as well as some with imperial fantasy of 18-19 century on some deep anglosaxon (not really prussian itself) province / there're two groups of indoeuropan (r1) invaders of europe after iceberg's period of time - baltoslavs (r1a) and italocelts (r1b) like in old scythian legend about two brothers,both groups merged with old europeans (i2),nordic one (i1) which might be connected to there "proto-germanic" bullshit seems to be moved from scandinavia thousand years later after invasion of r1a and r1b there / dna cannot lie,evidence's like battle of doleza,battle of tollense or lusatian culture,then pomeranian culture and andronovo culture as well
@@katon44 ŠMH - What are you on?
@@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714no "germans" or "germanic" until invasion of r1a and r1b to scandinavia (conquest of old europeans i1,old gods died) nor moving out alemans (franks) to europe paid by byzantium empire
Buen video, saludos del Perú :3
19:42 for those who don't know, "kafiri" means "the heathens" which the nuristanis were called by the surrounding muslim population
they are old hindus right ?
The terms Kafir and Kafiri come from Arabic kāfir, meaning "infidel," and allude to the time before the populace of what is now called Nuristan (formerly Kafiristan, in the Hindu Kush in northeastern Afghanistan) was forcibly converted to Islam at the turn of the 20th century. Both Kafir and Kafiri are dated terms and are now often considered offensive; Nuristani is used instead.
I thought that was Freddie Mercury in the middle of the thumbnail.
why do you sound like RetroAhoy?
Sounds like Germans are so much interested in language that they invented linguistics.
There’s also the Greek φράτηρ not meaning brother but kinsman. It is not a loan word.
Crazy
The out of ukr guys got vindicated.
0 comments in 34 minutes bro fell off
Shut up lil bro
Let this god awful meme die already
@@giorgospapoutsakis5271 I'm honestly bewildered by the fact that the god awful meme even made it this far, because the way I remember it is that the first people to have pioneered this god awful comment trend are Pyrocynical's slop viewers, which now just goes to explain why every time I read the comment format reused by someone it irks me somehow
0 replies in 1 second, don't be a hypocrite
@@icygeometry Agreed
1:28
Netherlands are not included, lol
2:07 that is not e, that is ē, vowel lengh man, it matters. Imagine if the /i/ in ease /i:z/ and is /iz/ was pronounced the same by someone, uninteligable speach.
Why do you pronounce german words with "g" as if it was "h"? Its August not Auhust.
Sorry. I'm the narrator. My German's not bad, but for some reason, I thought one of the Augusts in the video was from Sweden.
@@TheRichTurner Yes.
Such is problem with english writing, not changing the spelling of foreign words you have to know the etimology and original ortography to pronounce it right.
My people are much more practical. For example how to say "Ch" in words like Charles and Charlote is not a problem for us as we simply write Čarlzs and Šarlote.
Are u using ur real voice this time
I hired a narrator.
@@Indo-EuropeanOfficial Could you tell him, that Scandinavian Kn- ,in for instanstance Knut, is pronounced KN- ? This is true for Swedish, Danish and Norwegian.
The german pronunciation of titles could be dropped. It feels pretentious when you don’t also say the English translation. Great channel ty for the videos
Hi...
I do a lot of voiceovers, speaking Arabic and English almost equally well, although Arabic is my mother tongue.
I do wish have your permission to make an Arabic version of your extraordinary videos
My email is in my channel description, you can contact me there to discuss further.
@@Indo-EuropeanOfficial
I've sent you an email
I hope you received it
@@AmjadSergiwa I don't see an email, I checked my spam folder and there is nothing there either.
❤😊
Oh! Easy! Flame in Russian is Plamea, Five=Piat, mother=mater, three=Tree, tree=drevo. So just need change F to P, T to D, TH to T.
English is a very strange language. And who invented the sound TH when there is just T. 😅😅🤔🤔
In the last diagramm the Belarusian (and debatably Ruthenian) is missing.
Brolis
I wonder if early indo-Europeans people had any kind of communication with Sumerians. Maybe they exchanged some words.
Seems unlikely as they inhabited different sides of the caucasus range, and to this day the caucasus is still extremely difficult to traverse
In the last Proto-Indo-European family tree you didn't put Manx or Cornish in the tree.
He omitted many individual languages within the branches. Otherwise the tree would have been too big and unreadable
it might be far clear to compare other's european language's with ancient sanskrit especially theraweda (dead language),not some mixed language's like greek,roman and the most funny english (that's pathetic) 😂 go back from imperialism of 18-19 century and move out to 21 century
@@katon44 you’re not done editing your comment, oh boy happens to me all the time also.🤣🫣
“ it might be far clearer to compare other European languages with ancient Sanskrit, especially the Vedas … instead of mixed languages like Greek, Roman, or the most funny one English … “
“go back from imperialism of 18th to 19th centuries and move out to 21st century” - in English we would say: “lose the imperialism of past two centuries and get back to 21st century”
Now I really am intrigued to know what your mother’s tongue is🤣🖖
All Indo European nations should be united. It would be good for the broader culture and global stability.
Let me guess, you're american
@@zvidanyatvetski8081 Yes, the main country and ethnicity needed to pull of anything. Nothing worth doing is easy but it is an obvious and practical aim. If you have any valid criticisms then I'll hear them but you have revealed nothing so far but your own bias.
Not united as in one country, you mean? That would be a hellava country.
@@RogerRamos1993 That would be. I'm thinking more along a NATO like alliance and core trade network with a revival of Indo European religion and culture. This would also favor migration between these nations.
I'd like to see us less involved with the middle east politically and spiritually. I realize China is a bit hostile but I think we can have a broadly United Eurasia with Eurasianism and Atlanticism in union.
I realize Iran is a hard case but I think bringing India into this alliance and encouraging a cultural revival in Europe and the Americas is doable and necessary.
Some alliances and even redrawing of borders or defacto unifications are sensible but I'm ultimately for national sovereignty and voluntary cooperation. That said a nation must be able to stand on its own two feet or it's not naturally viable.
Don't use "Indo-European," use "Aryan" instead.
“Aryan” refers specifically to the Proto-Indo-Europeans who migrated to Iran and India
@@iillililillliliilliiililil5066 Still Aryans. Europeans have no relation to pajeeeeeets.
@@nosotrosloslobosestamosreg4115 pajeets look more closer to Yamnayas, brown eyes black hair.
That term is more so used for the Indo-Iranian languages, since that's a shared term used by both the Indic and Iranian branches.
Lmfao I'm a european and I know we aren't Aryan. We are European. Period